UNIT 2: EXAM SKILLS

PART 1. SKIMMING AND SCANNING

A. Skim the text and answer the questions
B. Scan the text and answer the questions
PART 2. SENTENCE COMPLETION

Strategy:

1. Read the text.

2. Use key words to find the needed paragraph.
3. Make sure you understand the question statement and search for sentence with similar
meaning.
4. Once you've found the answer, check if it fits into the statement grammatically and
doesn't exceed the word limit.
5. Repeat this strategy with other questions.

Tips:

 Make sure that your answer doesn't exceed the word limit.
 Make sure that your answer fits into the sentence grammatically.
 The order of questions can help you. Answer for question 4 will be between answers for
questions 3 and 5 in the text.
 If text introduces new terms, some answers are likely to be among them.

A. Read the text and answer the questions below.

Congenital heart experts from Spectrum Health Helen DeVos Children's Hospital have
successfully integrated two common imaging techniques to produce a three-dimensional
anatomic model of a patient's heart.

The 3D model printing of patients' hearts has become more common in recent years as part of
an emerging, experimental field devoted to enhanced visualization of individual cardiac
structures and characteristics. But this is the first time the integration of computed tomography
(CT) and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3DTEE) has successfully been
used for printing a hybrid 3D model of a patient's heart. A proof-of-concept study authored by
the Spectrum Health experts also opens the way for these techniques to be used in combination
with a third tool - magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

"Hybrid 3D printing integrates the best aspects of two or more imaging modalities, which can
potentially enhance diagnosis, as well as interventional and surgical planning," said Jordan
Gosnell, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital cardiac sonographer, and lead author of the study.
"Previous methods of 3D printing utilize only one imaging modality, which may not be as
accurate as merging two or more datasets."

The team used specialized software to register images from the two imaging modalities to
selectively integrate datasets to produce an accurate anatomic model of the heart. The result
creates more detailed and anatomically accurate 3D renderings and printed models, which may
enable physicians to better diagnose and treat heart disease.
Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the
passage for each answer.

1. A three-dimensional of a patient's heart was created by integrating two

imaging techniques.

2. Spectrum Health scientists have found a way to combine and use three techniques:
computed tomography, three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
and .

3. The new method of 3D printing is more efficient than previous methods because it
merges two and more .

4. With more accurate 3D renderings and , physicians will be able to better

diagnose and treat heart disease

B. Read the text and answer the questions below.

Worms

About a quarter of the world's population could have worms living in their guts. For many
years experts have recommended treating large groups at risk of infection - but is this mass
approach worthwhile?

Evidence showing the benefits of large-scale deworming projects has come under scrutiny in
recent weeks - the debate has even been dubbed "worm wars". Parasites, such as roundworm,
hookworm and whipworm could be living inside more than 1.5 billion people according to the
World Health Organization (WHO).

"People are usually infected through contaminated food but hookworm larvae can also burrow
into feet, get into blood vessels and make their way to the heart and lungs. From there they can
climb up to the oesophagus* and be swallowed, ending up in the gut where they grow.

Worms are not usually fatal but in serious cases they can cause abdominal pain, diarrhoea,
loss of appetite, weight loss, fatigue and anaemia. In children, they can also contribute to
malnutrition, stunted growth, and absences from school. A nurse gives deworming treatment to
a boy in India.

*oesophagus – throat

Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage
for each answer.
1. Now scientists doubt whether it is to treat large groups of possibly infected
people.

2. The experts called the debate .

3. Hookworm larvae might make his way to the and then be swallowed.
Although dangerous, worms are rarely .