SEN 320

Human Computer Interaction

Lecture 2
Sabahuddin Waqar
Department of Computer Science
Bahria University, Islamabad

Human Computer Interaction

 Training Coaching

Emotional Intelligence

Ruler Approach

Human Computer Interaction

 The Mood Meter is made up of four
different colored quadrants, each
representing different types of feelings.
Red :
higher energy, degree of unpleasantness
(like anger or fear)
Blue :
lower energy, degree of unpleasantness
(like sad or lonely)
Yellow :
higher energy, degree of pleasantness
(like joy or excited)
Green :
lower energy, degree of pleasantness
(like included or relaxed)
 R: Recognizing emotions in oneself and others

Q: Where are you on the Mood Meter?

How am I feeling? Cues from our bodies (e.g.,

posture, energy level, breathing, and heart
rate) can help us identify our levels of
pleasantness and energy. Think about how our
feelings may affect the interactions we have
with others.
 U: Understanding the causes and consequences of emotions

Q: What is causing you to feel this way?

What happened that led me to feel this way?

As feelings change throughout the day, think
about the possible causes of these feelings.
Identifying the things (e.g., people, thoughts,
and events) that lead to uncomfortable feelings
can help us both manage and anticipate them in
order to prepare an effective response.
Determining the causes of feelings we want to
foster can help us consciously embrace those
things for ourselves and others more often.
Old Excuse

Event = Result
Exams were very difficult =therefore I failed
University is not good= that is why I couldn’t succeed
There was a lot of traffic = Therefore I got late

Sabahuddin Waqar
Human Computer Interaction
Emotional Intelligence Trainer, Teacher
Tuning into your thoughts,
feelings and motivations

When --- Stimulus;

I --- My Typical Reaction

When I receive a task, I don’t

feel like doing.
Sabahuddin Waqar
Human Computer Interaction
Certified Performance Coach, Trainer
Reaction vs Response
Without Thinking With Thinking

Autopilot Choice

Human Computer Interaction 9

Know your Patterns

Event + My Reaction = Result

Without Thinking

Event + My Response = Result

With Thinking

Choice

Human Computer Interaction

 L: Labeling emotions with a nuanced vocabulary

Q: What word best

describes your feeling?
What word best describes how I am
feeling? Although there are more than
2,000 emotion words in the English
language, most of us use a very limited
number of words to describe how we
are feeling (e.g., happy, sad, mad).
Cultivating a rich vocabulary allows us
to pinpoint our emotions accurately,
communicate effectively, and identify
appropriate regulation strategies.
 Insecure
Brave Motivated
Scared Stressed Passion
Frightened
Energized Positive
Angry Uncertainty Humilated Fearless
Proud
Charged
Worried
Mad Nervous
Regret Happy Enthusiastic
Joyful Determined
Overwhelmed Unsure Excited
Jealousy
Provoked
Annoye Hopeful Inspired Friendly
Fear Impatient

Helpless Lost Guilt Pleased Optimism

Self conscious Content
Judged Piece
Bored Creative
Accomplished Secure
Uncomfortable Embarrasment
Down Disturbed Comfortable Thankful
Sad Relieved
Confused
Inferior Pessimistic Tired Calm Satisfied Fulfilled
Depressed Open Minded
Lonely Restful Valued
Disconnected Unsafe Relaxed
Sleepy
Clear Grateful
Weak Empty
 E: Expressing emotions in accordance with cultural norms and
social context

Q: How are you expressing this feeling(facial

expression, body language, or behavior)? Are
you comfortable expressing?

How can I express appropriately what I am

feeling for this time and place? There are many
ways to express each of our feelings. At different
times and in different contexts, some forms of
expression are more effective than others.
Explaining to children what we are doing and
why, as we express different feelings at school,
provides them with models of different
strategies to express their own emotions.
 R: Regulating emotions with helpful strategies

Q: How do you want to feel? What strategy will you

use to stay or shift?

Goals of Regulation:
Prevent an unwanted emotion like anxiety
Reduce an unwanted emotion like anger
Initiate a new emotion like inspiration
Maintain an existing emotion like tranquility
Enhance or increase an emotion joy
What can I do to maintain my feeling (if I want to
continue feeling this way) or shift my feeling (if I do
not want to continue feeling this way)? Having short-
term strategies to manage emotions in the moment as
well as long-term strategies to manage emotions over
time is a critical part of effective regulation.
Red Strategies Yellow Strategies
• Deep Breathing • Listen to music
• Wait for six seconds • Think about your goals
• Tapping
• Play with kids or someone
• Use positive self talk
• Count to 10
• Visit some happy place
• Move your body physically • Practice your Smile muscle
• Rotate eyes • Jump
• Walk away (Leave the situation)
• Rip paper
• Drink glass of water
• Reframing
• Seek professional help

Blue Strategies
• Exercise • Deep Breathing • Meditate
• Empathize with yourself • Talk to friend
• Pray • Write down your feelings • Visualize your goals
• Think about the one think • Check in mood meter • Pray
you are very grateful of • Write the cause
• Eat what you love to eat • Name your emotion • Graditute
• •
•
Get a sleep
Seek professional help
See purpose of
emotion
• Work on your favourite things
• Reframing • Look for choices • Self Reflection
• Relaxation • What do you want to
achieve • Accepting your self
• Breathing
• Reflection on Anger • Listen to music
• Tapping • Think about your goals
• Use positive self talk
• Count to 10
• Play with kids or someone
• Move your body physically • Visit some happy place
• Rotate eyes • Practice your Smile muscle
• Walk away (Leave the situation) • Jump
• Rip paper
• Drink glass of water
• Reframing
• Seek professional help

• Deep Breathing
• Talk to friend
• Write down your feelings
• Check in mood meter • Meditate
•
•
Write the cause
Name your emotion
• Visualize your goals
• See purpose of emotion • Pray
• Look for choices
• What do you want to achieve • Graditute
• Exercise • Work on your favourite things
• Empathize with yourself
• Pray • Self Reflection
• Think about the one think you
are very grateful of
• Accepting your self
• Eat what you love to eat
• Get a sleep
• Seek professional help
• Reframing
• Relaxation
 Effective Strategies Actions

 Breathing
 Mindfulness/Relaxation
 Reframing
In the Moment  Private self-talk
 Visualization
Cognitive  Distraction
 Physical space/distance
 Meditation
 Spirituality
 Physical activity (stretching, walking, yoga)
 Constructive activity (hobbies, reading, cooking, painting)
 Entertainment (music, television, videogames)
Long-term 


Modifying the situation
Finding support from others
Behaviors  Taking action for a cause or social issue
 Focusing on solving the problem
 Working hard to achieve a goal
 Shifting or changing the goal
 Seeking professional help
Coaching
 Interaction Design
1. What is Interaction Design?
2. Interaction Design
3. Goals of interaction design
4. What to design?
5. Understanding users’ needs
6. Activity
7. Interaction Design Process
8. Characteristics of ID
9. Understanding Users’ Needs
10.Usability
11.Usability Goals
12.Activity on Usability
13.Usability Criteria
14.The Ten-Minute Rule

15.Usability Human
& User Experience
Computer Interaction
 What is Interaction Design?
Designing usable interactive products to support
people in their everyday and working lives.
Not only what, but also how, where & why of
user interaction

• How users interact with systems

• Use tools, machines, computers &
software
• Perform activities, tasks & jobs

Human Computer Interaction

Interaction Design
• Need to take into account:
• Who the users are
• What activities are being carried out
• Why the activities are being carried out
• Where & When the interaction is taking place
• How these activities are being carried out

• To optimise the users interactions

Human Computer Interaction

Goals of interaction design
• Develop usable products
• Usability means easy to learn, effective
to use and provide an enjoyable
experience
• Involve users in the design process

Human Computer Interaction

 What to design?
• Need to take into account:
• Who the users are
• What activities are being carried out
• Where the interaction is taking place

• Need to optimise the interactions users have with a product

• Such that they match the users activities and needs

Human Computer Interaction

 Understanding users’ needs
• Need to take into account what people
are good and bad at

• Consider what might help people in the

way they currently do things

• Listen to what people want and get

them involved

• Use tried and tested user-based

methods

Human Computer Interaction

 Activity
• How does making a call differ when using a:
• Cell phone
• Public phone box?
• Consider the kinds of user, type of activity and context of use

Human Computer Interaction

Interaction Design Process

Human Computer Interaction

 Characteristics of ID
1. User Involvement

2. Usability and User Experience Goals

3. Iteration

Human Computer Interaction

 Understanding Users’ Needs
1. Listen to what people want and get them
involved

2. Take into account what people are good

and bad at

3. Consider what might help people in the

way they currently do things

Human Computer Interaction

 Usability
To design, develop and improve interactive systems so that users can
carry out their tasks:

• Effectively
• Efficiently
• enjoyably
• safely
• easily

Human Computer Interaction

 Usability Goals
• Effective to use (effectiveness)
How good the system is at doing what it is
suppose to do?

• Efficient to use (efficiency)

How the system supports the user to perform
the task and sustain high level of productivity?

Human Computer Interaction

 Usability Goals
• Enjoyable to use (engaging)
• Safe to use (safety)
Protecting the users from dangerous conditions
and undesirable situations
• Easy to learn (learnability)
• Easy to remember how to use

(memorability)

Human Computer Interaction

 Activity on Usability
• List all the gadgets in your home.

• How many are regularly/frequently used?

Human Computer Interaction

 Usability Criteria
How good the product is?

How much time to learn a task?

How much time to complete a task?

How much performance is improved?

How often the system is used?

How many errors made to complete a task?

Human Computer Interaction

 The Ten-Minute Rule
Proposed by Nielsen in 1980

New users should be able to learn to use the system in under 10 minutes.
If not, the system fails……..??????

How ???
Capitalize on user’s existing knowledge

When is this rule not appropriate????

Human Computer Interaction

Usability & User Experience

Human Computer Interaction

Usability & User Experience

Human Computer Interaction

User Experience Goals
To design interactive systems which are:
• Satisfying
• Enjoyable
• Helpful
• Motivating
• Entertaining
• Aesthetically pleasing
• Rewarding
• Emotionally fulfilling

Human Computer Interaction

Links to read
• https://medium.com/re-form/x-to-close-417936dfc0dc
• https://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/03/operating-system-
interface-design-between-1981-2009/

Human Computer Interaction