UNIT 2 Integration of Information Communication Technology in

Actual Teaching

Overview

This module will present ICT Integration in teaching, instructional designs utilized,

theoretical foundations which were long been utilized, the modes of instructional deliver and the

guidelines in the selection or, use and evaluation of instructional technologies.

Objectives: At the end of the unit, I am able to:

1.Discuss the different instructional designs and theoretical foundations as well as he

modes of instructional delivery using information communication technology in teaching

and learning.

2.Utlize the guidelines in the selection, use, and evaluation of instructional technology.

3. Enhance creativity and critical thinking skills with the positive use of ICT in teaching.

4. Demonstrate. understanding of a supportive online learning environment that nurtures and

inspires individual and collaborative activities,

Activating Your Prior Knowledge

Reading link- Instructional design retrieved from

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructional_design
Expanding Your knowledge

There are several definitions of instructional design models which developed through the

years. In order to help facilitate learning most effectively, these design models provide

guidelines to organize the practices of creating instructional experiences and appropriate

pedagogical set-ups to achieve instructional goals. Better learning happens in a dynamic setting

where a school caters to the needs of the 21st-century learner and in which teachers display

qualities or attributes that can effectively carry out active instruction. Teacher training that can

enhance innovative pedagogical skills must be given in order to improve instructional

delivery and sustain student participation and interests in the subject or courses. There are

several other modes of delivery that can also be very effective for the 21st century learners. At the

present with all the available online learning resources and access to the world wide web, schools

specifically those that can spend a reasonable amount of money to e-learning allow their students

to experience a campus that is connected to internet.

Better learning happens in a dynamic setting where a school caters to the needs of the 21 st-

century learner and in which teachers display qualities or attributes that can effectively carry out

active instruction. Teacher training that can enhance innovative pedagogical skills must be

given in order to improve instructional delivery and sustain student participation and interests

in the subject or courses. There are several other modes of delivery that can also be very

effective for the 21st century learners. At the present with all the available online learning

resources and access to the world wide web , schools specifically those that can spend a

reasonable amount of money to e-learning allow their students to experience a campus that

is connected to internet. Virtual learning environment where teachers and instructors become

more familiar and confident with online learning and new technologies, as well as provision of

hardware and software tools are among the innovations that are utilized by schools nowadays.

Curriculum planners and teachers for example who use technology must consider technology

evaluation of instructional technologies in order to quantify the impact of technology integration

in the curriculum particularly to student academic performance .Some schools before

implementing and integrating technology, resort to pilot testing and conduct research if the
academic community is ready to embrace innovation in its curriculum. Assessment of content,

delivery, and digital infrastructure must be done to know the extent or level if these have the

most positive impact on student learning as they possibly can. Technology tools can

fundamentally transform the learning experience if integrated properly in the curriculum for

students

There are many alternative delivery systems that can reach out to learners from all walks of

life varying from ages to areas of interests. ID or ISD Instructional design (ID), also known

as instructional systems design (ISD), involves an iterative process of planning outcomes,

selecting effective strategies for teaching and learning, choosing relevant technologies,

identifying educational media and measuring performance” Before designing learning, it helps to

know the learning styles of the students.

Among these design models covered by this module are the following:

1.ADDIE Design Model

2.Hannafin and Peck Design Model

3.Dick & Carey Design Model

4.ASSURE Design Model

5.GAGNE’s Nine Events of Instruction

6.DALE’s Cone of Experience

The traditional delivery which is classroom teaching with no technology at all perhaps is very

rare these days or with technology today but does not come in the context of blended and online

learning. Most teachers today make use of the web-based instruction such as blended learning;

online (distance) learning and augmented learning which is used to supplement Synchronous

communication (face to face real-time conversations allow people to explore, through writing

or talking) . Students can learn online and through face to face teaching and teachers are
expected to redesign their teaching approach which could adapt hybrid or flexible learning with

both synchronous and asynchronous communication. Learners today, under blended learning

are engaged in a formal online learning on their own while also attending face to face. The Brick

and Mortar /Traditional instruction is structured education program and technology enriched

while formal /informal online learning where content and instruction are delivered using the

internet, allows students some element of control of time, place, path, and/or pace .In comparison

with Blended learning that comes with the different models.

The appropriateness and usability of digital media used in classroom for example carries

with it the usage of other sources software, Web sites, and other technologies or the adoption of

electronic services by the student services from Registrar’s office to student ID that can make

transactions better and deliver innovative student friendly services..

In order for schools to meet the global standards, curriculum standards must be reviewed

and revisited to bridge the gaps or disconnects. Educational institutions must have objectives and

review their current organizational, personnel, and institutional strategic directions in order to

meet the four 4 eLearning Disconnects within Higher Education Institutions which are internal

politics, nearsighted policies, budgetary considerations and unqualified decision-makers. These

must be addressed in order to meet the growing disconnect between the skills of graduates and

Learning theories of behaviorism and cognitivism are older and are so called core

of the traditional paradigm of education. Learning theories that have been applied in the

creation of instructional environments .These theories served as frameworks for the

improvement a learning environment with the ICT integration .Knowledge of these theories

enrich our understanding of how to develop better learner -centered strategies .In this module

the following theories namely; behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, and connectivism for

the digital age will be discussed.

Learning theories provide conceptual frameworks that can describe the manner in

which the information is absorbed, processed and retained during learning. Often, the same

content can be presented in different ways. Learning theories provide a framework for such
learning solution. With the different theories, this module will discuss - Behaviorism,

Cognitivism, Constructivism and Connectivism. Today’s VUCA world prefer innovations and

paradigm shifts. The introduction of learner-centered paradigm of education and training to

work well and be cost-effective requires powerful technological tools which are crucial for

several reasons (McCombs & Vakili, 2005; Reigeluth & Karnopp, 2013). An activity is a vital

factor for the achievement of learning It provides learners with an experience where learning

occurs in context of emerging understanding, testing ideas, generalizing and use of knowledge.

In order for an activity to be effective it must have two key characteristics -it must be ‘learner-

centered and authentic.”

In Behaviorism, behavior should not be repeated if negative feedback is given. Giving

immediate feedback, whether positive or negative, should enable learners to behave in a certain

way. Recall the good old days when you were in elementary and high school, what were the

common “Positive reinforcement or rewards” that you received from your teachers?

Cognitive theory explains the process of knowledge as to the manner how the

information was received, processed and organized into existing schem a; and retrieved upon

recall. Soviet psychologist Lev Vygotsky ,founded the unfinished Marxist theory of human

cultural and bio-social development sometimes referred to as "sociocultural theory" but more

commonly and correctly accepted as "cultural-historical psychology.

Synthesizing Your Knowledge

Activity-Fill in the blanks with words (not to exceed 5 words) that are associated or with words

that best described the topic in the center of the wheel and briefly describe each
Fill in the table
Learning Theory Founders The learner is Learning Teaching is

described as process is described as

described as

Behaviorism

Cognitivism

Constructivism

Connectivism
Q &A Reflection

Answer the following questions

1.Which of the four theories is more relevant to the digital age and why ?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2.Are these learning theories helpful to teachers? Discuss.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Post-Activities -online quizziz

Application
 In preparation for Module 3 -Research a lesson plan which the group will demonstrate

/present in class using Blended Learning. Research the format of a Lesson Plan template used by

DePed Public School and used by a private school.

PRESCRIBED TEXTBOOK

Bilbao Purita , et al. (2019). Technology for Teaching and Learning. Lorimar Publishing
Inc.

REFERENCES

Tabada,Epifania & Buendia Maria Mercedes.(2015).Educational Technology 1.Adrian

Publishing Inc.

WEBSITES

Video Enrichment and suggested readings

Watch the video link (2 hours)

A Student-Centered Model of Blended Learning - YouTube. (n.d.). Retrieved

August 9, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrR-KIoggf4

Blended Learning. (2016, July 14). Retrieved August 09, 2020, from
https://www.christenseninstitute.org/blended-learning/

Crossword Puzzle Maker: World Famous from The Teacher's Corner. (n.d.). Retrieved August
09, 2020, from https://worksheets.theteacherscorner.net/make-your-own/crossword/

Instructional Design, ADDIE and Templates. (n.d.). Retrieved August 09, 2020, from
https://www.elearninglearning.com/instructional-design/addie/templates/

Instructional design. (2020, June 12). Retrieved August 09, 2020, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructional_design