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SHS
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Quarter 1 - Module 14
What’s the Problem?
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Practical Research 1
Quarter 1 – Module 14 – What’s the Problem?

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every
effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Rences Mae A. Banzagales
Editor: Rolando B. Montealegre
Illustrator: Jason C. Borabo
Layout Artist: Atty. Catherine B. Panti
Reviewers: Lany M. Abainza
MASBATE PROVINCE DIVISION (headed by Helen V. Titong)
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MODULE 14
What’s the Problem?
(Presenting a Problem Statement)

Hello! It’s me again, Teacher Corry.

Welcome back to the English class.
Today, we will begin to learn how to present a problem statement.
Come! Join me once again in exploring our lesson.

Specifically, after working on this module, you should be able to:

1. Define a problem statement

2. Identify a good problem statement
3. Write a problem statement

YOUR READINESS CHECK

Before we start, let’s find out how much you know about this lesson.

Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is not. Use a
separate sheet of paper for your answers.

1. A statement of the problem is used in research

work as a claim that outlines the problem addressed
by a study.

2. A good research problem should address an

existing gap in knowledge in the field and lead to
further research.

3. Problem statement should be significant enough to

contribute to the existing body of research

4. Problem statement is written only in a statement

form.

5. Problem statement is the same with the title of the

study.

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How many correct answers did you get? If you earned 3 points or
above, you already have an idea about the things we need to be
familiar with in writing a feature article. However, do not be
disappointed if you get a lower score. I am here to help you until
the end of our lesson. I prepared a lot of fun activities for you!

YOUR VOCABULARY BUILDER

Directions: Choose the word being defined by the statements below. Write
your answer on a separate sheet.

Research Statement of the Problem Topic Data Respondents

_______________ 1. It briefly addresses the question: What is

the problem that the research will address?

__________________2. These are the specific group of people

where the researchers directly gather their
needed data or information.

__________________3. It is any information that has been

collected, observed, generated or created to
validate original research findings.

__________________4. It is a systematic investigative process

employed to increase or revise current
knowledge by discovering new facts.

__________________5. It serves as the central focus of a research

work.

Congratulations! You did a great job in equipping yourself with

the necessary skills needed to further understand this lesson.
With this, exciting tasks await you in your journey.
Good luck!

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YOUR INITIAL TASK

TOPIC SEARCH!
Read the sample statement of the problem and identify the topic of the
research work. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of social

media to the academic performance of Grade 11 students of Tabaco
National High School S.Y. 2020-2021. Specifically, this study aims to
answer the following questions:

1. What are the social media platforms used by the

respondents?
2. How many hours are the respondents spending when
accessing these social media platforms?
3. What are the effects of social media in the academic
performance of Grade 11 students of Tabaco National High
School S.Y. 2020-2021?

ANSWER:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

You are smart! You have done well with the initial task! Now, it’s
time to learn more about feature article! Come on!

YOUR GUIDE

Research is a systematic investigative process employed to increase or

revise current knowledge by discovering new facts. It can be divided into two
general categories: (1) Basic research, which is inquiry aimed at increasing
scientific knowledge, and (2) Applied research, which is effort aimed at using
basic research for solving problems or developing new processes, products, or
techniques.

The first and most important step in any research is to identify and
delineate the research problem: that is, what the researcher wants to solve and
what questions he/she wishes to answer. A research problem may be defined
as an area of concern, a gap in the existing knowledge, or a deviation in the
norm or standard that points to the need for further understanding and
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investigation. Although many problems turn out to have several solutions (the
means to close the gap or correct the deviation), difficulties arise where such
means are either not obvious or are not immediately available. This then
necessitates some research to reach a viable solution.

A statement of the problem is used in research work as a claim that

outlines the problem addressed by a study. The statement of the problem briefly
addresses the question: What is the problem that the research will address?

The basics of writing a statement of the problem for your research

proposal:

1. What are the goals of a statement of the problem?

The ultimate goal of a statement of the problem is to transform a

generalized problem (something that bothers you; a perceived lack) into
a targeted, well-defined problem; one that can be resolved through
focused research and careful decision-making. Writing a statement of
the problem should help you clearly identify the purpose of the research
project you will propose. Often, the statement of the problem will also
serve as the basis for the introductory section of your final proposal,
directing your reader’s attention quickly to the issues that your proposed
project will address and providing the reader with a concise statement of
the proposed project itself. A statement of problem need not be long and
elaborate: one page is more than enough for a good statement of
problem.

2. What are the key characteristics of a statement of the problem?

A good research problem should have the following
characteristics:
A. It should address a gap in knowledge.
B. It should be significant enough to contribute to the existing
body of research
C. It should lead to further research
D. The problem should render itself to investigation through
collection of data
E. It should be of interest to the researcher and suit his/her
skills, time, and resources
F. The approach towards solving the problem should be ethical

Now, I guess you are ready for more challenging tasks! Let’s begin!

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YOUR DISCOVERY TASKS

Activity 1: WHICH IS WHICH?

Read the sample statements of the problem carefully and analyze

whether it is good or bad. Justify your answer by pointing out the
features that make it good or bad statement of the problem. Write your
answer on a separate sheet.

Example No.1:
This purpose of this study is to identify the most preferred senior high
school tracks and strands of Grade Ten students of Tabaco National
High School S.Y. 2020-2021.

1. How many grade ten students are going to enroll in senior

high school?
2. Where do they want to study?
3. What are the consequences of not finishing one’s studies?

Answer:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

Example No. 2:
This study aims to collect, associate, analyze, and discuss the
effects of parents’ profession on the academic performance of the
Grade 11 students of Tabaco National High School S.Y 2020-2021.
The researchers seek to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the students in terms of:

a. Age
b. Sex
c. General Average
d. Profession of the parents
e. Parents’ monthly income
2. What is the academic performance of the Grade 11 students
of Tabaco National High School S.Y 2020-2021?
3. What are the effects of parents’ profession on the academic
performance of the respondents?

Answer:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

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Activity 2: DEFINE IT!

Based from the discussion and activities you had, define research and
problem statement in your own words using your understanding of the
concepts presented. Use a separate sheet for your answer.

Answer:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

You did such a wonderful job! I am very proud of you! Let’s now see
how much you have learned.

LET’S SUM IT UP

A research is a systematic, careful, ang thorough investigation of a certain topic

that aims to bridge a gap, add knowledge, inform, educate, and answer ideas that give
confusion among the researchers and readers.
A problem statement or statement of the problem is an organized part of a
research which enables the researchers to systematically answer the research
questions, address the topic, thus, completing the study in a systematic manner.

YOUR FINAL TASK

Test 1: LET’S WRITE!

Directions: Think of a certain issue or problem in your school or community

that you want to address. From that issue, formulate a topic that
will be the center of your study. After choosing a topic or problem,
write your statement of the problem. Do this on a separate sheet.

Answer:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

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YOUR REINFORCER

Activity 1: LET’S SEARCH!

Directions: Read a sample research paper. Identify the topic and the needed data of
the researchers based from its problem statement. Do this on a separate
sheet.

Answer:
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________

YOUR REFLECTION/S
Directions: Do you think research is important? Why? Why not? Why is it that
we need a clear statement of the problem? Write your answer on
a separate sheet of paper.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Congratulations!
You have once again conquered another set of challenges.
See you again in the next module.

______________________________________________________________________________

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References:
Bwisa H., (2018) The Basics of Writing a Statement of the Problem for your Research Proposal.
Editage.com. Retrieved July 21, 2020, from https://www.editage.com/insights/the-basics-of-writing-
a-statement-of-statement the-problem-for-your-research-proposal

Jardin J., (2013) Statement of the Problem. Slideshare.net. Retrieved July 21, 2020, from
https://www.slideshare.net/jeromejardin12/statement-of-the-problem-final

USC Libraries. libguides.usc.edu. Retrieved July 21, 2020, from

https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/theoreticalframework#:~:text=Theories%20are%20formulate
d%20to%20explain,theory%20of%20a%20research%20study.

Library.leeds.ac.uk. Retrieved, July 21, 2020, from

https://library.leeds.ac.uk/info/14062/research_data_management/61/research_data_managemen
t_explained#:~:text=Research%20data%20is%20any%20information,as%20laboratory%20notebooks
%20and%20diaries.

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ANSWER KEY:

YOUR READINESS CHECK:

1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. TRUE
4. FALSE
5. FALSE

YOUR VOCABULARY BUILDER

1. Statement of the problem

2. Respondents
3. Data
4. Research
5. Topic

YOUR INITIAL TASK

(answers may vary)

YOUR DISCOVERY TASKS

Activity 1:
(answers may vary)
Activity 2:
(answers may vary)

YOUR FINAL TASK:

(answers may vary)

YOUR REINFORCER:
(answers may vary)