CHEMISTRY 2017

Unit 4
Key Topic Test 6 – Energy content of food

Recommended writing time*: 50 minutes

Total number of marks available: 50 marks

SOLUTIONS

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

SECTION A: Multiple-choice questions (1 mark each)

Question 1

Answer: B

Explanation:

The figure of 4.18 for water is relatively high. This is due to the strong hydrogen bonding in
water.

Question 2

Answer: C

Explanation:

E = shc × m × ∆T
shc = 1540/(70 ×10) = 2.2

Question 3

Answer: A

Explanation:

Fat contains a much higher level of available energy than protein or carbohydrate. Therefore
product B will release the greater amount of energy.

Question 4

Answer: B

Explanation:

Molar mass of stearic acid is 284 (C18H36O2)

11300
Heat per gram = = 39.8 kJ g-1
284

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

Question 5

Answer: D

Explanation:

Energy can be obtained from all macronutrients as they are digested, even proteins.

Question 6

Answer: D

Explanation:

The heat losses will lead to a low value of ∆T. This in turn means the value of ∆H will also be
low.

Question 7

Answer: B

Explanation:

E = CF × ∆T = 762 × 6.8 = 5180 J = 5.18 kJ

Heat of combustion = 5.18/1.92 = 2.7 kJ g-1

Question 8

Answer: C

Explanation:

Temperature change will be ∆T × 3/1.92 = 6.8 × 3/1.92 = 10.6.

Final temperature = 14.6 + 10.6 = 25.2

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

Question 9

Answer: A

Explanation:

With less water, the value of ∆T will be higher, leading to incorrect high value for the heat of
combustion.

Question 10

Answer: C

Explanation:

4.6 g of ethanol is 0.1 mol of ethanol. Energy released, from data book, will be 136 kJ

SECTION B: Short-answer questions

Question 1

a. i. E = 8 × 37 + 37 × 17 + 3 × 17 = 980 kJ

82
ii. 980 × = 1460 kJ
55

2 + 1 = 3 marks
b. We only included macronutrients in the calculations – other ingredients would also add to
the total energy released.
1 mark
Total 4 marks

Question 2
a. The composition of food is variable, so mole is not applicable.
1 mark

b. i. Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of
water by 1 0C. It can apply to substances other than water.

ii. E = 14 ×1 × 4.18 = 58.5 J

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

iii. The temperature of the ethanol will be higher. It has a lower specific heat capacity so will
increase in temperature more.

iv. No lid, little insulation, heat deflected at bottom of beaker,

1 + 1 + 1 + 2 = 5 marks

c. i. Electrical energy is used to ignite the food. The ignition system does this.

ii. An excess of air must be used to ensure complete combustion

1 + 1 = 2 marks
Total 8 marks

Question 3
a. i. E = 4.18 × 100 ×15.4 = 6440 J

ii. ∆H = 6440/3.16 = 2040 J g-1

2 + 2 = 4 marks

b. E = 2040 × 55 = 112000 J = 112 kJ

1 mark

c. i. Triglyceride will have three branches with CH- O – CO – C17H33

ii. 2C18H34O2(l) + 51O2(g)  36CO2(g) + 34H2O(g)

3 + 1 = 4 marks
Total 9 marks

Question 4
VIt 5.4  3.8  5  60
a. i. CF =  = 1340 J oC-1
T 4.6

E 3500
ii. ∆T =  = 2.6 oC. Final temp = 20.6 oC
CF 1340
2 + 2 = 4 marks
b. E = CF × ∆T = 1340 × 12.6 = 16900 J = 16.9 kJ
∆H = 16.9/2.72 = 6.21 kJ g-1
2 marks

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2017 CHEMISTRY KEY TOPIC TEST

c. E = 6.21 × 450 = 2800 kJ

1 mark

d. E = 6.21 × 5 = 31 kJ = 31000 J
E = 4.18 × 600 × ∆T = 31000 => ∆T = 12.3 oC.
3 marks
Total 10 marks

Question 5
a. Calculate the calibration factor of the calorimeter. (M for benzoic acid = 122.1 g mol-1).

1.44
n(benzoic acid) = = 0.0118 mol
122.1

E = 3227 ×0.0118 = 38.1 kJ

E 38100
CF =  = 6140 J oC-1
T 6.2
3 marks

b.
sample Temperature change oC Energy released, kJ Heat combustion kJg-1
8.1 g cereal 12 73.7 kJ 9.1
6.8 g biscuit 18 111 kJ 16.3
7.5 g peanut 21 129 kJ 17.2

6 marks
Total 9 marks

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