SHS

Disciplines and Ideas

in the Social Sciences
Quarter 1: Week 6 - Module 6
Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences
Grade 11 Quarter 1: Week 6, Module 6
First Edition, 2020

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La Union Schools Division
Region I

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 Disciplines and Ideas
in the Social Sciences
Quarter 1: Week 6 - Module 6
 Target

Society lies in a very broad spectrum. In order to understand and further

apply a definition of what society is, the three Theoretical Approaches in Sociology
or the Social Science Theories are relevant.

From your previous lesson, you analyzed the basic concepts and principles
of the major social science theories which include Structural-functionalism,
Marxism (Conflict Theory), and Symbolic Interactionism.

This learning material will allow you with knowledge and activities that will
aid you apply the three theoretical approaches in Sociology in different social
concerns.

After undergoing this learning material, you are expected to apply the major
science theories and its importance in examining socio-cultural, economic, and
political conditions.
a. Structural-functionalism (HUMSS_DIS 11-IIIe-f-1)
b. Marxism (HUMSS_DIS 11-IIIg-2)
c. Symbolic Interactionism (HUMSS_DIS 11-IIIh-3)

Subtasks:
1. Identify the different proponents or contributors from the
three theoretical approaches in Sociology.
2. Describe the three theoretical approaches in Sociology.
3. Classify socio-cultural, economic, and political related issues.
4. Interpret and illustrate the three theoretical approaches in
Sociology in relation to socio-cultural, economic, and political
conditions.

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 Jumpstart

Matching Type.

Directions: Match Colum A to Column B to connect the different

proponents or contributors with the Social Science theories by choosing the
letter of the best answer. Use separate activity paper.

Column A Column B

1. Emile Durkheim A. Structural-functionalism

2. Erving Goffman B. Marxism/Conflict Theory
3. George Herbert Mead C. Symbolic Interactionism
4. Karl Marx

5. Max Weber

Discover

Social Science Theories

Social Science Theories are also known as the Three Theoretical Approaches
in Sociology, namely Structural-Functional Theory, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic
Interactionist Theory.

Structural-Functional Theory
Functionalism was first presented by Herbert Spencer wherein he described
society as a mechanism involving parts similar to a human body. These parts of
society focus on the different social institutions, like government, education, family,
healthcare, religion, and economy. Thus, Structural-Functional Theory perceives
society in a macro level.
According to Emile Durkheim, to maintain stability, people need to work
together as an interrelated and interdependent parts of society. Interdependent

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parts include values, languages, and symbols. He introduced laws, morals,
religions, and customs as examples of social facts.
Alfred Radcliffe-Brown suggests that people should contribute to the society
for stability and continuity.
There are two functions of Structural-Functionalism which include manifest
and latent functions. Robert Merton define Manifest Function as something that is
sought or anticipated result while Latent Functions are the unsought consequences.
However, in line with the definition of Merton, there are also undesirable
consequences which is known as Dysfunctions.

Conflict Theory (Marxism)

Karl Marx recognized “social classes” as a problem of society that leads to
unequal social structure, making Conflict Theory as an approach in a society at a
macro level. The presence of Bourgeoisie which is also known as the Capitalist or
the owner of production and the Proletariat—the working class resulted social
conflicts, like economic inequality, inequality of political power, and unequal social
structure. Social conflicts were first addressed by Max Weber and the factors
affecting social conflicts include age, education, income, gender, sexuality, and race.
C. Wright Mills identified “power elite” which includes corporate, political, and
military people as the threat to freedom amongst the rest of society. These
imbalances in the society are only believed to be resolved through a revolution.

Symbolic Interactionist Theory

The founder of Symbolic Interactionism is George Herbert Mead and he
referred symbolic interactionism as the relationship among individuals within a
society though communication—exchange of meaning through languages and
symbols.
Herbert Blumer followed the works of Mead and introduced Three Tenets of
Meaning which include (a)meaning based from action, (b)meaning varies from
different people and (c)meaning can change. Meaning can be very specific to every
person making everyone holds different meaning and new meaning will only rise if
there is communication.
Dramaturgical Analysis is also included in symbolic interactionism as Erving
Goffman described society similar to a theater wherein the people portray a role a
mentioned in the script. These role pertaining to the people addresses society in a
micro level. The roles are generally accepted by most within the society but there
are still short deviances.

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 Explore

Enrichment Activity 1: Table Completion

Directions: Complete the table by identifying the different contributions of

the proponents in the Social Science Theories. Use separate activity paper.

power elite social conflicts social facts

social institutions Tenets of Meaning

Proponents Contributions

1. C. Wright Mills

2. Emile Durkheim

3. Herbert Blumer

4. Herbert Spencer

5. Max Weber

Assessment 1: True or False

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct otherwise false. Continue

using the activity paper for Enrichment Activity 1.
1. Herbert Spencer described society as a mechanism involving parts
similar to a human body.
2. Alfred Radcliffe-Brown suggests that people should contribute to the
society for stability and continuity.
3. Max Weber recognized “social classes” as a problem of society that
leads to unequal social structure.
4. The founder of Symbolic Interactionism is C. Wright Mills.
5. Herbert Blumer followed the works of Mead and introduced Three
Tenets of Meaning.

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Enrichment Activity 2: Matching Type

Directions: Directions: Match Colum A to Column B to connect the

different concepts and ideas in the Social Science Theories by choosing the
letter of the best answer. Use separate activity paper.

Column A Column B

1. Bourgeoisie A. Structural-Functional Theory

2. Dramaturgical Analysis B. Conflict Theory

3. Manifest Function C. Symbolic Interactionist Theory

4. Social Facts

5. Unequal Social Structure

Assessment 2: Identification

Directions: Identify the concepts or ideas in the Social Science Theories

that are being manifested by the following statements. Continue using the
activity paper for Enrichment Activity 2.
Bourgeoisie Communication Dramaturgical Analysis

Functionalism Interdependent

1. a society described as a mechanism involving parts

similar to a human body

2. it include parts like values, languages, and symbols

3. Capitalist or the owner of production
4. a society described similar to a theater
5. exchange of meaning through languages and symbols

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 Deepen

For this task, follow the sample table below and provide the details necessary to
complete the enumeration. Provide as many as you can. The scoring rubric will be
used in assessing your outputs.

What you need

 Short Bond Paper
 Pencil and Eraser
 Markers and Writing Materials

Social Science Theories Proponents Contributions

Structural-Functional Theory

Conflict Theory

Symbolic Interactionist Theory

Rubrics for Scoring the Output

RUBRICS 1 2 3 4 5

The work
The work Organization is The work The work
ORGANIZATION is not is expressed organize is is very
organized minimally but organized organized
limited

Content
Content is Content is is clear Content Content is
not clear expressed and is clear very clear
KNOWLEDGE
and minimally factual and and
factual correct but factual factual
limited

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 Gauge

Directions: Read and understand each item. Write the letter of the best
answer in a separate sheet of bond paper.

1. What Social Science Theory is expressed when a society is described as a

mechanism involving parts similar to a human body?
A. Conflict C. Structural-Functional
B. Marxism D. Symbolic Interactionist
2. Which is NOT considered as a social institution?
A. Education C. Government
B. Family D. Race
3. Which among the proponents on Structural-Functional Theory discussed
interrelated and interdependent parts of society?
A. Alfred Radcliffe-Brown C. Herbert Spencer
B. Emile Durkheim D. Robert Merton
4. Which is NOT included in the interdependent parts of society?
A. Customs C. Symbols
B. Languages D. Values
5. What example of social fact is observed from the selection?
A. Customs C. Symbols
B. Languages D. Values
6. Which of the following functions is described as something that is sought or
anticipated result?
A. Dysfunctions C. Latent Functions
B. Functionalism D. Manifest Functions
7. Which function is considered to end with undesirable consequences?
A. Dysfunctions C. Latent Functions
B. Functionalism D. Manifest Functions
8. What statement is relevant to Marxism?
A. Bourgeoisie C. Revolution
B. Power elite D. Social conflict
9. Which is the best term to identify the owner of production?
A. Bourgeoisie C. Power elite
B. Interdependent D. Proletariat
10. Which is NOT an example of social conflict?
A. Economic inequality C. Unequal consequences
B. Inequality of political power D. Unequal social structure

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11. What statement is not included under “power elite”?
A. Corporate C. Military
B. Education D. Political
12. What is the best way to resolved social conflict?
A. Communication C. Power elite
B. Military D. Revolution
13. What does George Herbert Mead believed to be necessary for the relationship
among individuals within a society?
A. Communication C. Power elite
B. Military D. Revolution
14. Which among the following statements is incorrect example from the Tenets
of
Meaning?
A. Meaning based from action C. Meaning is constant
B. Meaning can change D. Meaning varies
15. What is important that people should portray according to Erving Goffman in
Dramaturgical Analysis?
A. Education C. Meaning
B. Gender D. Role

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Answer Key

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References
Links:
 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/intro-to-sociology/chapter/functionalism/

 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/intro-to-sociology/chapter/reading-symbolic-
interactionist-theory/

 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/intro-to-sociology/chapter/conflict-theory/

 https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sociology/Book%3A_A_Career_in_Sociology_(Ke
nnedy)/02%3A_Theoretical_Approaches_in_Practice/2.02%3A_Theoretical_Approaches

 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-introtosociology/chapter/sociological-
perspectives/#:~:text=In%20sociology%2C%20a%20few%20theories,and%20these%20are%2
0called%20paradigms.&text=Three%20paradigms%20have%20come%20to,conflict%20theor
y%2C%20and%20symbolic%20interactionism.

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