4.

3 Examples of Beam Analysis Using the Direct Stiffness Method d 183

Figure 4–13 Beam example

SOLUTION:
We must have consistent units; therefore, the 10-ft lengths in Figure 4 –13 will be
converted to 120 in. during the solution. Using Eq. (4.1.10), along with superposi-
tion of the four beam element stiffness matrices, we obtain the global stiffness
matrix and the global equations as given in Eq. (4.3.11). Here the lengths of
each element are the same. Thus, we can factor an L out of the superimposed
stiffness matrix.

v1 f1 v2 f2 v3 f3 v4 f4 v5 f5
8 9 2 38 9
>
>
F1y >
> 12 6L 12 6L 0 0 0 0 0 0 >
> v1 >>
> > > >
>
> M1 >> 6 6L 4L 2 2L 2 0 7 >f >
> >
>
> >
> 6 6L 0 0 0 0 0 7>> 1>>
>
>F >
> > 6 7>>
> >
>
>
>
> 2y >
>
> 6 12 6L 12 þ 12 6L þ 6L 12 6L 0 0 0 0 7>7 > v 2 >
>
>
> >
> 6 >
> >
>
>
> M >
> 6 6L 2L 2 6L þ 6L 4L 2 þ 4L 2 6L 2L 2 0 0 0 0 7 >
> f >
>
> 2 > 6 7>> 2>>
> > 6 7> >
< F3y = EI 6 0 0 12 6L 12 þ 12 6L þ 6L 12 6L 0 0 7 v3 =
<
¼ 6 7
> > L3 6 0 2L 2 4L 2 þ 4L 2 2L 2 7
> M3 >
> > 6 0 6L 6L þ 6L 6L 0 0 7> > f3 >>
>
> >
> 6 7>> > >
> F4y >
> > 6 0 0 0 0 12 6L 12 þ 12 6L þ 6L 12 6L 7> > v4 >>
>
> >
> 6 7> >
>
> >
>
> M4 >
>
> >
> 6 0
6 0 0 0 6L 2L 2 6L þ 6L 4L 2 þ 4L 2 6L 2L 2 7
7>
>
> f 4>
>
>
>
> >
> 6 7>> >
>
> F5y >
>
> >
> 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 6L 12 6L 5> > v >
>
>
: >
; > >
>
>
5 >
>
M5 0 0 0 0 0 0 6L 2L 2 6L 4L 2 :
f5 ;

ð4:3:11Þ

For a longhand solution, we reduce Eq. (4.3.11) in the usual manner by applica-
tion of the boundary conditions

v1 ¼ f1 ¼ v3 ¼ v5 ¼ f5 ¼ 0

The resulting equation is

8 9 2 38 9
>
> 10;000 >
> 24 0 6L 0 0 >
> v2 >
>
>
> >
> 6 7>> > >
>
> >
> 0 7> > f2 >
>
< 0 = EI 6
6
0 8L 2 2L 2 0
7 < =
0 ¼ 36 6L 2L 2 8L 2 6L 2L 2 7 f ð4:3:12Þ
>
> >
> L 6
60
7> 3 >
>v >
>
>
> 10;000 >
>
> 4 0 6L 2 24 0 7 5>>
>
>
4 >
>
: 0 >
; 2 :
> > >
0 0 2L 2 0 8L f4 ;

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