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1-Reciprocating Engines
1-Reciprocating Engines
1-19. A02
An aircraft reciprocating engine using hydraulic valve 1-19. Answer A. JSPT 1-25 (AC 65-12A)
lifters is observed to have no clearance in its valve- In a zero-lash or zero-clearance hydraulic valve lifter,
operating mechanism after the minimum inlet oil and oil pressure forces the lifter outward until all clearance
cylinder head temperatures for takeoff have been between the rocker arm and the valve stem is removed.
reached. When can this condition be expected? This condition in an engine is normal. Answers (B) and
(C) are incorrect because when oil pressure is removed
A During normal operation. or if sludge restricts hydraulic lifter movement, valve
B When the lifters become deflated. clearance increases to a value greater than zero.
C As a result of carbon and sludge becoming
trapped in the lifter and restricting its motion.
Reciprocating Engines
1-38. A03
What will be the likely result if the piston ring gaps 1-38. Answer C. JSPT 1-16 (AC 65-12A)
happen to be aligned when performing a If all the ring gaps happen to be aligned when perform-
differential-pressure compression check on a cylinder? ing a differential pressure compression check they will
allow air to escape from the cylinder and give the same
A Little or no effect. indication as if the rings were defective or worn. To
B The rings will not be seated. remedy this problem, run the engine for a period of time
C A worn or defective ring(s) indication. so the ring gaps have a chance to shift. Answer (A) is
incorrect because if the ring gaps are aligned a drop of
10 to 20 psi can result during a compression check.
Answer (B) is incorrect because proper ring seating is a
function of a proper "break in" schedule and is not
affected by ring gap location.
1-39. A03
What special procedure must be followed when adjust 1-39. Answer C. JSPT 1-29 (AC 65-12A)
ing the valves of an engine equipped with a floating When adjusting the valves on a radial engine with a
cam ring? floating cam ring, the clearance between the cam ring
and cam bearing must be eliminated so the cam is in a
A Adjust valves when the engine is hot. definite position prior to adjusting the valve clearance.
B Adjust all exhaust valves before intake valves. To do this, specific valves must be depressed and
C Eliminate cam bearing clearance when making released simultaneously to remove the spring tension
valve adjustment. from the side positions on the cam. This permits the
cam to slide away from the valves you are adjusting.
Answer (A) is wrong because valves are rarely adjusted
when hot and answer (B) is incorrect because valves
can be adjusted in almost any order.
1-10 Reciprocating Engines
1-50. A04
1-50. Answer A. JSPT 1 -6 (AC 65-12A)
What could cause excessive pressure buildup in the All piston rings let some combustion chamber pressure
crankcase of a reciprocating engine? into the engine crankcase. This pressure is vented to
the atmosphere through a crankcase breather.
A Plugged crankcase breather. Therefore, if a crankcase breather becomes plugged,
B Improper warmup operation. pressure will build up inside the crankcase. Answer (B)
C An excessive quantity of oil.
is incorrect because as long as the breather tube is
open an improper warmup will not cause excessive
pressure and answer (C) is wrong because any exces-
sive oil typically drains out through the breather tube.
1-12 Reciprocating Engines
1-61. P02 1-61. Answer B. JSPT 1-15 (AC 65-12A) The majority
The undersides of pistons are frequently finned. The of aircraft engine pistons are machined from aluminum
principal reason is to alloy forgings. On some pistons, cooling fins are
provided on the underside of the piston to facilitate the
A provide sludge chambers and sediment traps. transfer of heat to the engine oil. Answer (A) is incorrect
B provide for greater heat transfer to the engine oil. because sludge chambers are found in an engine's
C support ring grooves and piston pins. crankshaft, not in the pistons. Answer (C) is wrong
because, although the use of fins may provide
additional strength to the piston pin boss, this is not
always the case.