Chapter 3

Figure 3.1 shows the methodology of the proposed project work. It begins with the
technology survey followed by the incorporation of various system. The vehicle is put
under various test and performance and integrity of the system is analysed.

Technology Incorpration of Incorpration of

Survey accelaration Braking
system system

Incorpration of Devolopment
Selection of
steering of monitoring
components
mechanism system

Integration of Check for

Retro-fitting
smart camera distegrity

Fig.3.1 Methodology of project

3.1 Retro-fitting

The weight of an electric vehicle should be as low as possible to get the best
performance. The chassis of TVS scooty ES has been chosen for retro fitting. The
existing swing arm along with engine has been replaced with a custom-made swing
arm with mountings to house the hub motor as shown in fig. 3.2. The storage space
under the seat has been modified to fit the batteries in. Additional shock-absorber has
been added to the frame due to the increased rear weight.
 Fig. 3.2 Custom-made swing arm

3.2 Drives and controls

Fig. 3.3 shows the power flow of the drive train. The drive train consists of
battery, Motor, controller and throttle.

Battery Controller BLDC hub motor

Fig. 3.3 Power train

3.2.1 Motor

BLDC hub motor is preferred to mid drive motor due to its various advantages
better weight to power ratio, less prone to overheating, low noise, etc., Based on
designs and calculations, the motor with following specifications is chose.

Type of motor BLDC Hub motor

Wattage 500 W
Voltage 48 V
Amperage 20 A
Diameter of hub 254 mm