Professional Documents
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3. ADD the trunnion end cap with projection to 3. It is already indicated at detail
attachment 1, page 13/32 trunnion support drawing
(Appendix 1, L-H16B).
1 RFCC-C-000-PP-TD-201 4. ADD the ”Do not cut Fluid Pipe” Note for all 4. Added as Note. 4 (Attachment
trunnion type to attachment 1, page 10/32 1, Page 10/32) and Note. 3
(Attachment 2, Page 6/18).
1 of 1
Doc. No. :
Cilacap Resid Fluid Catalytic RFCC-C-000-PP-TD-201
Cracking (RFCC) Project
Rev. No. : 4
PT. PERTAMINA (Persero)
Page : 1 / 19
TABLE OF CONTENTS
8. VIBRATION DAMPENERS....................................................................................18
1.1. Scope
This specification covers the minimum technical engineering requirements for the design of
piping supports. If not specified especially, the piping supports of package facilities shall be in
accordance with manufacturer’s standard.
1.2. Definitions
SPECIAL PIPING SUPPORTS - Supports other than “Standard Piping Supports” or piping
supports which requires special engineering requirements not specified in “Standard Piping
Supports” are defined as “Special Piping Supports”. Details of “Special Piping Supports” shall
be developed in “Special Piping Support Drawings” by piping designer.
The following codes and standards apply to this specification. When an edition date is not
indicated for a code or standard, the latest edition shall apply.
3.1. The general support materials shall be in accordance with each of drawing notes. Unless
otherwise specified on detail drawings, the materials for supports shall generally be “A36
(ASTM)” or equivalent for general structure, and “A53-B (ASTM)” or equivalent for ordinary
piping, and “A307 (ASTM)” or equivalent for bolts & nuts.
3.3. The installation and fabrication for piping supports including special elements such as spring
hanger/support, sway-brace, rigid hanger and hydraulic snubber should be developed in
“Special Piping Support Drawings” by piping designer, if required.
3.4. The material of part (reinforcement pad, pipe shoe, stopper, etc) which be welded to run pipe
directly must same (or equivalent) type and quality as the run pipe material. For reinforcement
pad, pipe shoe or stopper, local stress check shall be done for actual condition which are
expected to cause the destruction or large amount of local deformation.
4.1. Pipe support may be prefabricated at the shop. Constructor shall verify the exact dimension of
pipe supports for its fabrication. Dimensions are in millimeters, unless otherwise stated.
4.2. Shims
4.2.1. Shims used in the field to achieve full bearing between pipe and/or pipe attachment and the
structural steel and/or grade pier must have sufficient area to carry the load to the structural
component. Without confirmation of piping designer, shims shall not be used at supports
raised up by the thermal expansion of piping during operation.
4.2.2. After erection, shims must be securely welded to the structural steel to prevent slippage
when pipe moves during operation.
4.2.3. Unless indicated as an anchor (fixed), shims shall not be welded to pipe or pipe attachments.
4.2.4. Shims which are to be welded to pipe shoes must be extended to full length and width of
shoe.
4.2.5. Shims whose width does not exceed the width of supporting structural beam shall be welded
to the rack beam only.
4.3. Constructor shall ensure that bare lines shall not be rested directly on concrete so as to avoid
accelerated corrosion of piping at the point of contact.
4.4. Hole diameters for bolts, U-bolts and hanger rods shall be as follows except specified on
detail drawing. Bolt holes shall be punched or drilled. Flame cut holes are not acceptable.
4.5.
(Unit : mm)
Bolt Size Hole Dia. Bolt Size Hole Dia.
M 10 11 M 30 33
M 12 14 M 36 39
M 16 18 M 42 45
M 18 20 M 48 52
M 20 22 M 56 62
M 22 24 M 64 70
M 24 27 M 72 78
4.6. Painting
The painting shall be applied to structure pipe support in accordance with Project Painting
Specification.
4.7. Field weld point as shown on the detail drawings shall be carefully adjusted at field.
4.8. When a part of support component overlap the welding seam of pipe, the overlapping part of
support to be cut to avoid double welding on the welding seam of pipe as below.
5. MARKING OF SUPPORTS
5.1. The locations and legends of piping supports shall be shown as below on the isometric
drawings on which the piping line appears. The legends of standard piping supports shall be
described in accordance with those specified in Attachment 1 and 2.
TOS EL.
Support or EL
Legend
Serial Number
SPS : Special Piping Supports to fabricate at site.
SHV : Variable Spring Hanger / Support
SHC : Constant Spring Hanger / Support
SB : Sway Brace
RS : Rigid Strut
SNU: Snubber (Mechanical & Hydraulic)
RH: Rigid Hanger
Unit Number
6.1.1. All dimensions on Attachments 1 & 2 are in mm. unless otherwise noted.
6.1.2. All components of piping supports except miscellaneous structural steel shall conform to
ASME B31.3, “Process Piping” and MSS-SP-58, “Pipe Hangers and Supports –Material,
Design and Manufacture”. If there are any deviations between ASME B31.3 and MSS-SP-58,
the governing document shall be ASME B31.3.
6.1.3. Miscellaneous Structural-steel parts shall be designed in accordance with AISC “Manual of
Steel Construction” or equivalents.
6.1.4. Piping supports shall be designed to satisfy all static and operational load conditions to
which the piping and/or equipment may be subjected.
6.1.5. Support system shall provide for and control the free or intended movement due to thermal
expansion or contraction of the piping and connected equipment.
6.1.6. The design of the support system shall take full advantage of commercially available load
rated and tested components.
6.1.8. Stresses of support components must be kept within permissible values as per the
applicable code(s). However, the stress evaluation for piping supports, which are specified
in the attachments of this specification, is not necessary.
6.1.9. Piping supports for the heavy piping loads shall be checked by the Civil Engineer for the
strength adequacy of associated civil components.
6.1.10. Design of piping supports shall include loads as a result of hydro-static testing. In certain
cases, temporary supporting may have to be specified on isometric drawing and applied.
6.1.11. Design temperature of hanger components in direct contact with the pipe shall be the
temperature of the contained fluid. For conventional high temperature piping installation, a
reduction in temperature of 40℃ (100℉) per 25 mm (1 in) as measured from the outer pipe
surface may applied for strength calculations and material requirements.
6.1.12. Lines in the mixed flow condition of flow (boiler blow down lines, etc.) shall be supported on
rigid supports, unless thermal movements dictate otherwise.
6.1.13. For stress relieved (PWHT) piping, the integral support attachments to piping should be
welded prior to stress relief of piping.
6.1.14. Pipe shoes shall be provided where a line crosses a support considering corrosion between
pipe & pipe support due to coastal/ high humid area/ rainy climates.
Horizontal axial movement of pipe in excess of 150 mm (6 in.) for hot/cold insulated lines
requires a check on the length of pipe shoe being used.
For “Low sections of ground or heavy duty” (Type: F, G, H, I, J, GP, HP, IP, JP), the locations
and top elevations of concrete foundation (TOC) shall be informed civil engineer for the
design and construction of piping support foundation.
6.4.1. Spring hanger shall be defined as a hanging support that includes spring element.
6.4.2. Spring support shall be defined as a piping support that includes spring element and
supports piping like stanchion.
6.4.4. Where horizontal movement of the spring support is over 15mm, spring hanger shall be
preferred. If it is inevitable to use spring support, consider special device such as “Teflon”
sliding pad, graphite or roller.
6.4.5. Refer to the Appendix 3 Piping Support Component Data & Drawings for support design if
manufacturer’s drawing is not available.
6.4.6. The use of rod or spring hanger on lines shall be evaluated as follows.
6.5.1. Anchors required for expansion joint without hinged pin or gimbal devices shall have
sufficient capacity to withstand internal pressure plus spring force.
6.5.2. The internal pressure force shall be calculated as the product of the hydrostatic test
pressure and the effective internal area of the joint.
6.5.3. Guides for expansion joints shall direct piping movement into the joint, within the joint
manufacturer's allowable lateral and angular misalignment limits.
6.6.1. The first support of piping from rotating equipment shall be adjustable type support.
6.6.2. In outdoor installation, when differential settlement is anticipated, no rigid support shall be
used in the vicinity of pumps, turbines, expanders or other sensitive equipment.
6.6.3. Reciprocating compressor or pump piping which is prone to vibration should be designed so
that it can be supported from grade sleepers if possible.
6.7.1. For piping routed inside of, or in vicinity of buildings, the use of existing structural steel and
concrete shall be utilized with caution. Any additional loading to existing structures shall be
checked to ensure the added load will not overstress the structure.
6.7.2. For attachment to concrete, the location and elevation of embedded plate shall be informed
Civil engineer, or if that is not feasible, Expansion Anchor Bolt (Hilti’s HAS) or equal may be
used.
6.8.1. Where anchors or directional stops are specified at sleepers or grade piers, the calculated
reactions at these points are to be submitted to the Civil Engineer.
6.8.2. The location of sleepers and grade piers should be informed Civil Engineer for design and
construction.
6.9.1. Each assembly shall be packaged as a unit and tagged with assembly number as shown on
its specification drawing and/or fabrication and installation drawing.
6.9.2. Tags shall be stainless steel, brass or aluminum having a minimum thickness of 28 gauge,
(0.4 mm) and shall be securely fastened or welded to each assembly.
6.9.3.
6.9.4. Assemblies where tags cannot fastened or welded may have the metal tag securely tied with
corrosion resistant wire.
6.9.5.
6.9.6. Spring hangers metallic nameplate tag shall contain but not be limited to the following data :
b. Assembly number.
f. Manufacturer’s name.
6.9.7. Vibration dampeners metallic nameplate tag shall contain but not be limited to the following
data :
a. Assembly number.
c. Model number.
d. Fabrication names.
7. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Support mark and legend should be extracted from 3D-Model with MTO.
Label of Standard pipe support shall have all information to identify and to fabricate perfectly.
Vent & Drains should be braced with main pipe for the lines anticipating vibration as per piping
stress engineer’s requirements.
The group or designer responsible for pipe support design shall ensure that the following
activities are undertake and completed in a timely fashion in accordance with the project
schedule:
- Review project pipe support standard to ensure suitability for the project.
- Review pipe system routings for each area and advise piping design group of reasonable
modifications that may be made, to ensure that piping systems are supported efficiently
and economically, including small bore piping systems.
- Design and locate all pipe supports for all large bore (piping 2”/50mm diameter and greater)
piping systems, by 3D CAD model, piping general arrangement or isometric.
- Ensure all pipe supports are fully detailed with notes as necessary, such that the supports
may be correctly installed by the mechanical contractor at site.
- Design and locate all pipe supports for critical small bore (piping less that 2”/50mm
diameter) piping systems, as deemed necessary by review.
- Advise pipe stress group of any modifications to pipe support locations or details made to
those as shown on pipe stress calculations.
- Transmit pipe load information to the structural steel group as required for design of
structures(including pipe-racks)
- Advise structural steel/civil group of any additional support members requiring specialist
structural/civil design.
- Transmit pipe load information to the civil underground group as required. Advise of
additional pipe support foundations that may require specialist design.
- Transmit pipe support vessel clip requirements to the vessel group (including small bore
piping systems as required).
- Ensure that the project sub-contract requisition contains all necessary information with
regards to the mechanical contractor’s responsibility in supporting piping systems,
including small bore piping systems.
- Depending on project size and requirements, no all of the above activities may be
necessary. Advice shall be taken from the lead piping engineer, lead pipe stress engineer
of Chief engineer pipe stress analysis at the start of each project so that project
requirements are clearly understood and met.
Piping systems shall be supported at distances such that pipe sagging (deflection) is
minimized. Special attention shall be given to changes in direction, particularly those with
vertical pipe lengths. Pipe deflections give rise to pockets that are difficult to drain and may
undermine plan operation. Deflections for oil and gas plant piping shall be restricted to 12mm.
Where project specific pipe spans are not available, then piping should be supported at spans
in accordance with best engineering practice. Maximum pipe spans for non-metallic piping
should be in accordance with manufacturer recommendations.
Maximum guide spacing for pipe runs are as per best engineering practice.
Where pipe stress calculations are available then the pipe support locations shown in the
calculation shall be adhered to, unless permission is sought for the pipe stress engineer to do
otherwise.
For hot lines the possibility of resting supports lifting off the supporting member must be
considered. If springs are not used, support locations shall be carefully considered. A typical
example of this is where a pipe rises from grade on to a pipe-rack and the supports at the top
and/or bottom are required to be sited a suitable distance from the vertical let. In instances
where the support could possibly lift-off, it may be advisable to install guides on the vertical
section.
When selecting and locating pipe supports provision shall be made for expansion of the pipe
system in operation, typical examples of where this may occur are in pipe racks, where
insufficient space is allocated between pipes, and on branches where a guide is placed too
close to the main run pipe.
To ensure that sufficient flexibility is allowed when locating pipe guides etc., a simple
monograph shall be used to calculate a required pipe length for a given pipe expansion length,
temperature and pipe size.
Special attention shall be given to piping systems that experience the following characteristics:
There are two fundamental principles for the routing of lines for economic support and
restraint
1. Group lines such that the number of individual support steels is minimized.
2. Locate lines and group of lines close to available points of support.
Piping shall not be supported from other pipe except we have no choice but to use pick-up
support, a reasonable pipe route modification shall be sought.
The heat generated by welding attachments close to pipe seams and branches can affect
weld strength on pipe. ASME B31.3 stipulates a minimum distance of 25mm for fabrication
welds. Welded attachment shall not have less than 50mm between welds.
Unless stated otherwise by the project, friction forces on support members induced by the
movement of the supported pipe shall be calculated on the basis of a friction co-efficient.
Pipe shoes are generally used on insulated lines to protect insulation from damage and allow
the piping system to move freely. Shoe heights are normally STD at either 100mm or 150mm
dependent insulation thickness. Pipe shoes may be used in other circumstances: sloped lines,
special guide systems or on base type springs. Selecting a pipe shoe of the correct length is
also important, particularly for high temperature lines and for lines on pipe-racks/tracks, where
pipe shoes may fall off the supporting member and act as a line stop when the line cools.
In cases where the supported pipe is special material, not carbon steel and stainless,
clamped shoes shall be considered.
Wear pads or saddles shall be used at locations of point or line support for horizontal pipe
runs where: D/t>95 (“D” mm=Pipe outside dia, “t” mm = Min. Wall thickness)
Trunnion size selection shall be made from pipe material for the project. Where a point of
support is required at a change of direction, it is common to weld trunnions to pipe elbows.
Care should be taken that the welding of a trunnion to an elbow does not reduce the overall
flexibility of the piping system, this is particularly important adjacent to rotating equipment and
on pipe rack/track expansion loops, in these cases advice shall be taken from the pipe stress
engineer.
Deformation should not arise from the welding of trunnions to thin wall pipe.
Double trunnions are preferable to single trunnions when considering support stability and
load distribution.
Hanger rod supports shall be of sufficient length to enable the swing caused by the pipe
horizontal movement from resulting in an undesired vertical displacement.
The maximum angle from vertical shall be +/-2.5 degrees (total 5 degrees).
Pipe hangers shall not be used in piping systems subject to two phase flow, pulsation or
vibration, where a degree of control is required.
Piping systems which are subject to variation in operating movements can produce vertical
movements that may require supporting by a spring assembly. The spring assembly shall be
designed to carry the piping weight whilst catering for this movement.
The load to be carried by the spring is usually operating load. The setting of the spring
should allow the pipe weight to be adequately supported without inhibiting the operating
movement.
Generally springs shall not be used where a reasonable piping modification would render the
use of a spring unnecessary.
a. Maximum deviation from spring constant rate of change for variable spring hangers as
published in Vendor’s Catalog must not exceed 25 percent on either the heavy or the light
side.
b. Variable and constant spring hangers shall be calibrated, tested and present so that the
marked operating load is within 2 percent of the load shown on the hanger drawing after
prescribed movement.
c. Constant support hangers must have a field load adjustment of at least 10 percent on
either side of the Operating hot load setting.
e. Travel stops shall be supplied with each spring hanger assembly. The travel stops,
presetting the spring at the installation load and also needed during hydrotest, shall
restrict : both upward and downward movement. These stops are to be painted with a
bright ORANGE color and shall have an orange warning note, “REMOVE TRAVEL
STOPS AFTER HYDROTEST” securely tied with corrosion resistant wire.
f. Travel stops to be attached to the hanger housing in a manner (link chain) such that they
are an integral part of the assembly and cannot be easily discarded when removed.
g. Where the spring hangers assembly cannot support the hydrotest load, hanger rod
components must be supplied and shipped together with the assembly and clearly marked
“FOR USE DURING HYDROTEST ONLY”
h. Purchaser must receive formal notification of each spring hanger assembly not capable of
sustaining the hydrotest load. These assemblies must be labeled : “REMOVE THIS
ASSEMBLY DURING HYDROTEST”.
k. Spring hanger assemblies do not include weights of riser clamps, spring housing, rods,
pipe clamps or connecting beams in the design loads shown on the specification drawings.
Manufacturer shall adjust calculated loads to accommodate this additional weight. This
new calculated load shall be indicated on the Vendor’s bill of materials.
Constant: A constant spring is one which the load setting does not vary by more than a fixed
amount from any external source throughout the total travel range. These supports are
normally provided with travel scale, load adjustment scale, “hot” and “cold” setting and limit
stops to prevent over travel or release of the springs.
Variable: A variable spring is one in which the load setting varies with the pipe movement.
Springs in this category have provision for making the “cold” and “hot” settings. Limit stops are
normally provided to prevent excessive travel from overstressing the spring or releasing of the
load
Design data for spring selection to be prepared. Spring installation, commissioning &
sequence procedure shall be considered while selecting springs.
Piping on Towers shall generally have the first support point as close to the tower nozzle
connection as possible.
Piping routed down the length of the tower shall have guides located at spacing distances as
per good engineering practice.
Pipe support attachment clips shall be welded to the tower or vessel shell by the vessel
fabricator before vessel testing. Details for support clip requirements shall be issued to the
vessel group for distribution to the vessel fabricator. The welding of clips adjacent to vessel
seam welds shall be avoided.
Addition to, or the modification of, structural platforms to support piping shall also be
investigated where this may reduce the number of clip attachments to a vessel.
The pipe support requirements for piping systems connected to rotating equipment is normally
available from pipe stress calculations. The support arrangement usually incorporates lines
stops and guides to direct thermal expansion away from the nozzles, hence reducing nozzle
loads.
Nozzle loadings for cast steel centrifugal pumps are normally strong enough to take API-610
loadings, but cast iron pumps are weaker and vendor shall be asked to supply maximum
permitted loads.
Piping weights shall be taken off all nozzles preferably by the use of adjustable type supports
or in the case of hot pumps by spring supports.
The location of pipe supports shall not interfere with pump maintenance access requirements
and maximum use shall be made of existing steel structures.
The first two supports on centrifugal compressor and turbine nozzles are usually spring
supports. Pipe support shall be located such that the impact on maintenance access is
minimized.
On deep well pumps with turbines in vertical position this may be unavoidable, but clearance
shall be allowed for lifting the pump barrel vertically for maintenance.
Shell and tube heat exchangers shall be located such that the fixed end support is nearest the
rack, hence the piping shall expand with the exchanger. Piping shall be usually routed from
nozzle to grade so that the exchanger block valves are accessible. Support points shall
preferably be located at the same elevation as the underside of the exchanger, thus
eliminating reactive forces due to differing thermal expansion lengths. Piping systems
connected to tube side nozzles often have removable spools to allow for tube bundle removal
and these piping systems shall be supported such that there is minimal deflection at the
connecting break flange when the spool is removed.
Exchangers are usually situated on paved areas, on two elevated concrete foundations.
These foundations may be used to attach pipe support steel, but the shell of the exchanger
shall not be used. In all cases the location of pipe supports shall not interfere with the removal
of tube bundles or covers.
7.3.4 Tanks
Due to differential settlement of supports adjacent to tanks it is important that the first from a
nozzle is not positioned so close that high bending stresses shall be induced. Advice on this
problem shall be obtained from civil and the stress groups.
Control valve sets shall be supported and guided such that the control valve may be removed
with minimum deflection in the mating flanges.
Support location for closed-system relief valves shall be taken from pipe stress calculations.
Generally this shall involve locating a line – stop close to the relief valve outlet to control
dynamic loads. The pipe support design shall not interfere with access requirements to block
valves or the removal of the relief valves.
Special attention shall be given to relief valve systems subject to acoustic fatigue, where
welded attachments shall only be used where absolutely necessary.
8. VIBRATION DAMPENERS.
8.1. The unit shall not restrain the piping system from moving during its normal thermal expansion
and contraction cycle.
8.2. Lost motion or freedom within the unit shall not greater than 0.030 inch (0.8 mm).
8.3. The total travel indicated on Pertamina specification drawing is “actual” calculated travel.
Adequate allowance shall be added by supplier.
8.4. The frictional resistance of the unit clue the normal thermal movement shall not exceed one (1)
percent of the rated load.
Supplier shall be required to supply a certificate of material compliance for each shipment,
stating that each item listed and included in that shipment conforms to the specifications
denoted (In the bill of material or specification and/or fabrication and installation drawings). This
certificate shall be signed by the supplier’s authorized agent and properly notarized.
10. ATTACHMENTS
- Appendix #1 : Fabrication & Installation Detail Drawings (Bare / Hot Insulated Lines)
- Appendix #2: Fabrication & Installation Detail Drawings (Cold Insulated Lines)
Attachment - 1
STANDARD PIPING SUPPORTS (BARE/HOT INSULATED LINES)
Table of Contents
PAGE
1. ANCHORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 3
2. GUIDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 5
3. RESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 7
6. TRUNNION SUPPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
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7. SPRING HANGERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9. RIGID HANGERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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