Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A Quantitative Research
presented to the Senior High School Department of the
SCHOOL OF SAINT ANTHONY
Lagro, Quezon City, Metro Manila
Grade 12 - Agoncillo
Group 7
INTRODUCTION
direction of the learning process" and is one of the major teacher class activities.
summarize the vast majority of instructional methods. Each model differs in the
that the different models and methods of instruction have been developed based
principles upon which they are based In summary, instruction is complex and can
processes and characteristics. Under the best conditions it takes many years of
experience for most teachers to meet the ideals of instructional practice that they
instructions of the teachers by getting the results of the quizzes in selected Grade
7 sections. The ones who will benefit from this research are:
students. This research would help them understand the students much better.
classroom instruction to each one of them. This study would help them know what
Parents: The said research would be helpful for the parents to know the
perspective of their own child. This study would help them to help their child
Administrators: This medium would make them aware and team up with
the teachers and formulate new classroom instructions that will improve not just
the academic performance of the students, but also the teaching skills of the
teachers.
gather information for them to arrive with a better conclusion based on the
premises given.
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1.How can the teaching skills of the teachers affect the academic
2.What teaching strategies would work to help the grade 7 students attain
selected grade 7 sections in School of Saint Anthony for the school year 2018-
2019.
that this type of assessment can determine if the classroom instruction of the
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teacher is highly effective, however it may also depend on the students if they are
In this study it will not focus on, but may touch certain information about
the construction of the quiz itself, the type of quiz that the students are taking
students in the grades that they reaped from the said assessment.
Furthermore, in this study, the score of the students’ quizzes in the English
subject area in the second grading period were gathered and tabulated to
The study involved the following sections in the grade 7 level held by the
two different English teachers: Rizal, Jaena, Mabini and Pinpin respectively.
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Chapter II
Related Literature
Formative assessment
defined as a tool that identify misconceptions, struggles, and learning gaps along
the way and assess how to close those gaps. It includes effective tools for helping
to shape learning, and can even bolster students’ abilities to take ownership of
their learning when they understand that the goal is to improve learning, not apply
final marks (Trumbull and Lash, 2013). It can include students assessing
approaches that can support specific student needs (Theal and Franklin, 2010).
encouraging them to self-assess their own skills and knowledge retention, and by
respectively. This implies that assessment under this type is much more easier
Summative Assessment
examinations is the first thing that students think. Moreover, it aims to tap the
critical thinking skills of the students and to apply the goals and objectives
of Education.
some stand mark or benchmark. (Carnegie Mellon University, 2016) Hence, the
summative assessment usually offered at high stakes because they bear high
point value/s.
instruction and the benefits on a long-term base. The long-term benefits can be
determined by following students who attend your course, or test. You are able to
see whether and how they use the learned knowledge, skills and attitudes.
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Depending on the time frame, this process can also be called confirmatory
Types of Instructions
needs and more concerned about how well students are prepared to assume
future societal roles. Faculty are already feeling the pressure to lecture less, to
appropriate. Hence, this is the list of the different types of instructions in the
academe.
Lecture. For many years, the lecture method was the most widely used
classrooms in the late 1970s reported using some form of the lecture method to
strategies is being widely examined today, the lecture still remains an important
instructional strategy that engages students in active discussion about issues and
or critical issues and provide a format for role playing ambiguous or controversial
scenarios.
Course content cases can come from a variety of sources. Many faculty
media into critical learning experiences that illuminate the complexity of finding
solutions to critical social problems. The case study approach works well in
example, some faculty begin a lesson with a whole group discussion to refresh
students memories about the assigned reading(s). Other faculty find it helpful to
have students list critical points or emerging issues, or generate a set of questions
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stemming from the assigned reading(s). These strategies can also be used to help
the instructor and preparation on the part of the students. Instructors should
communicate this commitment to the students on the first day of class by clearly
articulating course expectations. Just as the instructor carefully plans the learning
experience, the students must comprehend the assigned reading and show up for
learning environments that allow students to talk and listen, read, write, and reflect
small groups, simulations, case studies, role playing, and other activities -- all of
which require students to apply what they are learning (p. xi).
Although there are times when lecturing is the most appropriate method
suggests that the use of a variety of instructional strategies can positively enhance
syllabus explicitly outlines the evaluation criteria for each assignment whether
individual or group. Students need and want to know what is expected of them.
For more information about grading, see the Evaluating Student Work section
exchanges (Bruffee, 1993). Both approaches stress the importance of faculty and
course, careful planning and preparation are essential. Understanding how to form
resolve group conflict, develop appropriate assignments and grading criteria, and
successful cooperative learning experience. Before you begin, you may want to
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consult several helpful resources which are contained in Appendix N. In addition,
the Program in Support of Teaching and Learning can provide faculty with
extending the learning experience for faculty and students. Many faculty have
on-line notes to extend topic discussions and explore critical issues with students
of difficult concepts.
learning in which the teacher and learner are not in the same place at the same
listserves, and interactive software have also been useful additions to the
educational setting.
Teachers, instructors, and professors are required to fulfill many roles and
At the core of the roles and duties is the actual practice of teaching. The
teachers promote student learning, and related instructional methods have been
works in education and why. Since the 1980s, EER has enjoyed rapid expansion
(Goldstein 2003). However, EER lacks cross-cultural perspectives and has been
Edmonds (1979), Brookover et al (1979), Rutter et al. (1979), and Mortimore et al.
(1988), a science of EER has not been developed. The absence of cross-national
decades, a trend has begun to emerge whereby education policy makers have
notion of “transplanting” knowledge and ideas from one country, or one culture, to
another.
following the popularity of the “time to learn” approach in Japan and the trend in
based on the enthusiasm for this approach in the Pacific Rim countries (Reynolds
2000). Many EER researchers are voicing concern about the potential hazards of
another (e.g., Reynolds 2006; Scheerens 2013). The concerns are largely based
on effectiveness studies that have shown how factors that seem successful in
some countries may not be appropriate elsewhere. For example, some US studies
leadership” and student achievement gains (e.g., Hallinger and Heck 2011; Louis
et al. 2010), but within-country research in Europe (e.g., The Netherlands, Cyprus)
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has not found the same level of support for this factor (e.g., Kyriakides
2008; Scheerens and Bosker 1997). However, in an era when educational policy
countries and cultures and to explain how policies affect student outcomes in
different settings.
of EER and to provide a response to the knowledge and theoretical gaps in the
field. More specifically, it investigates the extent to which the dynamic model of
starting point for establishing a framework to identify the factors that work in
different educational settings and help understand the reasons why. The dynamic
model is multilevel in nature and refers to factors operating at four levels: student,
teacher, school, and system. This paper is concerned with the generic nature of
teacher factors and the implications for student achievement in mathematics and
The paradigm draws the concept of the study and the application of the
fulfill the ideas and principles that derived from the gathered related literature and
Moreover, aside from gathering the raw scores of the students in the one of their
quizzes, the researchers would also conduct a survey which the questions are
English subject = English is, almost certainly, the most important subject
that a child can learn in school. Without knowing proper English, a child will not be
able to communicate effectively with the English speaking nation. They would be
shut off from education and other people in this country. A person who does not
poses proper English limits his or her ability to achieve their highest potential.
communicate with others, in the teaching of immigrant students, and in finding and
purposeful direction of the learning process" and is one of the major teacher class
and abilities. Generally a frequent and short assessment that can gauge a
the instructor and the students to see where they are excelling or need more
focus.
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Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
study. The approach of the research is through a survey form in which the
assessment tool and also by gathering the scores of the students that makes the
study a quantitative in nature since the numerical data and the raw data from the
survey will be treated using appropriate statistical formula. Hence, the researchers
compare and contrast representative samples from two or more groups of subjects
in relation to certain designated variables that occurs in normal conditions. And the
The Sample
The participants of the study are the four Grade 7 sections held by Ms.
Pinca of the School of Saint Anthony. There are 118 student in total; Rizal has 29
students, Jaena has 30 students, Mabini has 30 students and Pinpin has 29
students. Out of the total number, 20 were chosen as the sample of the study.
(5) samples per sections through systematic sampling in order to have a total
number of 20.
The Instrument
The researchers will seek out the data that should be collected to the
English teacher of the Grade 7 level by asking them personally to collect the raw
data, which is the scores of the students in the four (4) sections in the quizzes of
Statistical Treatment
In this study, the researchers planned very well the appropriate statistical
treatment was used to arrive at a good conclusion and to fulfill the objectives
stated on the specific problems in the Chapter I. Therefore, this part of the chapter
assessment tool in the grade 7 level with two (2) different teachers for the English
M x −M y
t=
s x2 s y2
√ nx
+¿
ny
¿
teacher.
English teacher.
English teacher
English teacher
The permission of the data collection will be sought from the selected grade
7 level: Rizal, Jaena, Mabini and Pinpin which are handled by Ms. Pinca. They will
corresponds to the research after the approval of the level leader of the Grade 7,
research coordinator, and the Senior High School Principal. Members of the
research group were divided evenly on the distribution and collection of the
In reporting the results, the researcher stays close to the statistical findings
without drawing broader implications or meaning from them. Further, this section
includes summaries of the data rather than the raw data (e.g., the actual scores
for individuals). A results section include tables, figures, and detailed explanations
To further analyze the result of statistical treatment that was being used in
this study and to have efficient presentation of data, the normal curve or also
called as normal distribution was used with respect to the statistical treatment that
The data gathered by the researchers was sufficient because it reached the
minimum size of sample ideal for the t-test which is 30. However, the sample
reached at exactly 118 and using the formula for the t-test, it was very crucial to
tabulate the data manually. Because one mistake from the data that has been
input can affect the consistency and the reliability of the results, making it
compromised and not accurate. That is why the researchers decided group the
four sections into two groups. Group 1 and group 2 consists of 59 sample per
group And in order to acquire accurate data, the researchers used a reliable t-test
-3.17 3.17
0.01710
Figure 1.2
Thus, the result given by the study implies that the classroom instructions used by
one of the English 7 teacher is highly effective for the better learning of the
students.
Chapter 5
FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
the study.
Findings
These are the following findings that the researchers have gathered from
the questionnaires:
1. Majority of the students says that their teacher in the English 7 had full
2. A lot of students claimed that their teacher is firm in its words, especially
questions, especially on the lessons that were discussed. Their teacher ensures
that maximum learning experience occurs inside and outside of the classroom.
4. All of the students stated that their teacher is always alert and ready for
lesson by using visual aids that can utilize and maximize their learning experience.
5. Some of the students stated that they are given time to review after the
6. The learners indicated that their teacher strengthens their desire to learn by
lesson proper.
7. Majority of the students said that the teacher sticks very well to the time
frame of the lesson with respect to the given time allotted for them.
8. Majority students said that their teacher is giving activities relevant to the
9. Many of the learners said that their acquired learnings helped them a lot in
10. All of the students stated that the classroom instruction/s used by their
teacher is highly effective and it conveys them to highly pay their attention to the
CONCLUSIONS
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Previous research had led the researchers to a positive comparison
between the classroom instructions and the quizzes results of the students. This
0.0171 computed from the t-test, thus this study will reject the null hypothesis and
accept the alternative hypothesis (The classroom instructions used by the teacher
is effective for the better learning of the students in selected Grade 7 sections). A
95% of confidence level was achieved with a mean of 3.17 from the difference
This research proved that the capacity to teach all students depends on
knowledge that students from diverse backgrounds bring to school, and how to
instructions. first teacher of English 7. With the survey had done and finally
conducted the results were good. Majority of each classroom showed that the
RECOMMENDATIONS
inside a classroom. In this way, the classroom instructions given by the teacher
would be effective.
b.) For Students, respecting the teacher would help you to improve your
relationship within the premises which causes the teacher to give back the
c.) For Parents, knowing the relationship of your child with the teacher
would also help you improve your relationship towards your child and the teacher.
You would also know that the classroom instructions given by the teacher is
APPENDICES
Appendix A
REQUEST LETTER FOR THE COLLECTION OF RAW DATA
March 4, 2019
We are humbly asking your permission to allow us to gather the scores of some of
the Grade 7 students in all of their quizzes in the English subject for the second
grading period in the sections handled by Ms. Pinca.
We are looking forward that our request would merit your positive response.
Rest assured that the gathered information will be treated with utmost
confidentiality and it will be used only for academic purposes.
Thank you very much for your kind consideration regarding this matter.
Sincerely yours,
The Researchers
Noted by:
Recommending Approval:
Approved:
Appendix B
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE