EAPP Reviewer writing can be used, depending on the audience

and purpose. Writing can be a basic means of

Four Macro-Skills of Communication
Communication is essential to achieve successful
human interactions. However, the type of
communication we have highly determines the
outcome of our relationships. It all simply boils
down to how we are connecting with each other
(Youssef, 2017).
Listening - There are three modes of listening:
competitive, passive, and active. Active listening is
the most effective approach. This is because the
listener is not only listening with interest but actively
acknowledging listening by brief responses. Most
individuals are not as skilled at listening as they
think. According to Mindtools, listeners likely
remember 25 to 50 percent of what they hear.
Giving the speaker your undivided attention and not
focusing on what you are going to say in response
while he is talking is a good way to ensure you hear
more of what is being said.
Speaking - can be an intimidating experience,
even in your native tongue, let alone when learning
a new language. The best way to learn how to
speak, though, is by practicing, so put your
inhibitions aside and strike up a conversation
whenever you are given an opportunity to do so.
When speaking, be aware of your pace and try not
to mumble, speak clearly. Consider being
expressive when you talk; avoid a monotonous
tone. Expression adds interest and depth to what
you are saying and it will keep your listener
interested.
Reading - Children learn to read by first learning
their ABCs and sounding out the letters to discover
what sound they make. The phonetic approach to
reading—using sound units to figure out the words
—is arguably the best approach because
theoretically, if you know the sounds, you can read
any word, regardless of the difficulty level. This is
also the case when learning a new language.
Reading has many benefits, including improving
memory by exercising the brain, increasing
vocabulary, and exposing you to new ideas.
conveying information—such as in newspapers—or
it can be a tool to create elaborate new worlds,
much like those found in fiction novels such as The
Lord of the Rings trilogy
Definition of Writing
Writing has been with us for several thousand
years and nowadays is more important than ever.
Having spread steadily over the centuries from clay
tablets to computer chips, it is poised for further
dramatic advances. Although hundreds of millions
of people are still unable to read and write,
humanity relies on writing to an unprecedented
extent.
At least six meanings of ‘writing’ can be
distinguished:
1. a system of recording language by means
of visible or tactile marks
2. the activity of putting such a system to use;
3. the result of such activity, a text;
4. the particular form of such a result, a script
style such as block letter writing;
5. artistic composition;
6. a professional occupation
Writing is:
 an intellectual activity of expressing and
arranging ideas into a statement and
paragraph in order to be understood by
people (Nunan, 2003).
 is a thinking process that involves certain
steps in expressing thoughts in written form
(White & Arndt,1991 as cited by Hammad,
2013).

Writing - perhaps the most complex of

communication skills and takes the most time to
master. As with any other skill, the craft of putting
words on paper is improved through practice and a
willingness to improve on past attempts. The more
you practice, the better you will get! Many types of
 Creative Writing

 Evokes emotional response from the reader

(aesthetic purposes)
 A writer is able to inject insights and
emotions and use language like colors on a
palette to paint pictures.
 “aesthetic license”

Factors of Writing (Valdez, 2016)

1. Topic - What is the text about? What details
am I imparting to the readers?
2. Role - Who am I as a writer? Do I write as a
sibling? A student? A son/daughter? A
customer?
3. Purpose - Why am I writing in the first
place?
4. Audience - Who is reading this piece? What
knowledge does s/he need to understand in Writing is a form of communication that is shaped
my writing? by the following factors
So, why do we write? A. Topic
Writing is often a durable form of communication  What is the text about?
which provides a permanent record of ideas for  What details am I impartingto the
people who cannot or choose not to use speaking readers?
to exchange these ideas. You write emails to B. Role
friends because they are in different countries;  Who am I as a writer? Do I write as a
otherwise, you would probably just talk to them. sibling? A student?A son/daughter? A
You write essays in school so your teacher can customer?
have evidence of your progress; of course, you C. Purpose
could just tell the teacher your ideas, but writing  Why am I writing in the first place?
makes grading and feedback a lot easier. However, D. Audience
sometimes we write for ourselves, recording our  Who is reading this piece? What
ideas for reflective, therapeutic, or organizational knowledge does s/he need to
purposes. So in a sense, writing creates a long- understand in my writing?
lasting record of ideas which can be used for o Accuracy and fluency are equally important in
personal, interpersonal, or wide range English language.
communication purposes. o Writing is a thinking process. It requires certain
Academic Writing level of intellect and careful preparation.
o Academic writing is writing outputs in the
 A form of writing texts that are used in the academic setting.
academic setting. o Academic writing straightforward and objective.
 The core or the ‘focus’ of EAPP. o Factors of Writing: Topic, Role, Purpose,
Audience
Academic Writing
o Before a writer writes something, s/he needs to
 Purpose of writing is to transmit information consider these factors.
as efficiently and economically as possible
 Objective and has a certain distance
Dos and Don’ts of Academic Writing Mission - We commit to improve Filipino lives by
empowering the youth through industry-ready,
Things to remember whenever engaging in
values-driven, and accessible education.
academic writing
Vision - Leading the way towards a globally-
Academic writing is... competitive Philippines.

 formal and unbiased  A part of being industry-ready and globally-

 clear and precise competitive is also being “job-ready”.
 focused and well-structured  In other words, being knowledgeable in
 well-sourced securing employment.
 correct and consistent
Academic writing is NOT...

 personal
 long-winded
 emotive and grandiose
Academic Writing is a form of writing texts that are
used in the academic setting. In other words, it is
also known as academic formal writing.
Academic Writing in Practice
some examples of academic writing pieces

 Essay
 most basic example of academic writing
 fairly short, a response to a question given
 by the instructor
 takes many forms
 Research
 a more in-depth investigation on a topic
 seeks the answer to a query
 Thesis/Dissertation
 a final research project undertaken at the
end of a degree
 topic chosen by a student

 Report
 a brief write-up about a topic
 result of a series of investigation