A massive solar array on a GEO satellite is predicted to have a discharged

capacitance of 100 times (200 nF) that of Leung's 2000 pF and in that case the
dissipated energy would be 0.1 J. In a discharge, Leung claims that 80–100% of
the stored charge is released.
(Ferguson et al., 2014)
Which justifies to put η value in range of 0.8 – 1.
η=¿0.8 – 1

One of the constraints in different solar array arcing experiments was to limit the
current to not have a sustained arc in the case of a non-sustain arc experiment. To
overcome, employing a blocking diode at the top of each string, was widely
approved.
The goal was to limit the amount of current available for the secondary arc to a
single string, not a whole section. Because the current was lowered to 0.5A (30
c m2 GaAs solar cells), the available energy was low enough to cause sustain an arc.
(Payan, Inguimbert and Siguier, 2016)
For this reason, arc current, less than 0.5 amp was used for different calculations.
I < 0.5 amp.

Reference:
Ferguson, D. C. et al. (2014) ‘Feasibility of detecting spacecraft charging and
arcing by remote sensing’, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 51(6), pp. 1907–
1913. doi: 10.2514/1.A32958.
Payan, D., Inguimbert, V. and Siguier, J. M. (2016) ‘ESD and secondary arcing
powered by the solar array - Toward full arc-free power lines’, (April), p. 11.

Two crucial parameters in order to derive the temperature of the arc are the
cross-sectional area of the arc column Acolumn and the arc root area Aroot . We
generally regard the arc column to be a uniform medium having a cylindrical
shape. To determine these areas, we need the radius of the arc column and arc
root.
In 2011, A.M. Chaly et al. investigated the effect of a magnetic field on the radii of
low current short length arcs of I = 60A from a copper cathode [1]. It could be
perceived from the given experimental data that without applying a B field, the
arc column radius is about 1 mm and it remains almost unchanged at different
distances from the cathode. In our case the arc current is 0.15 A so we can
assume to have a radius in a lower  m range. Hence, we take the arc column
radius to be 1  m . M. Messaad et al. in 2007, demonstrated a low current arc of 4-
50 A with a copper cathode [2]. For an electronic temperature of 3 eV for vaccum
arc, the cathode spot was found to be 5  m for a 10 A current. As a result, it can
be conclude that for lower current in the 0.1-0.5 A range, the radius of the arc
root is in micrometers which proves the validity of our chosen column radius.
Since, the arc root radius or spot is smaller than the column, we assume arc root
to be 0.5  m .

Following the Stefan-Boltzman law and the energy balance theorem, the equation
of arc radiation is derived [3].
 IVcolu  bT 4Cl

Where ε is the emissivity considered here 0.65, σ is the Stefan-Boltzman constant,

C is the circumference of the arc column, l is 1mm which is the length of the arc
and also equals the distance between adjacent solar cells and Vcolu is the arc
voltage considered here 20V.
Taking the aforementioned values for the parameters, the temperature T is found
to be 3901. 68 K.

Reference
1. Low-Current Vacuum Arcs With Short Arc Length in Magnetic Fields of
Different Orientations: A Review A. M. Chaly and S. M. Shkol’nik
2. A SIMPLE MODEL FOR THE INTERACTION OF A LOW-CURRENT VACUUM
ARC WITH A COPPER CATHODE M. Messaad,a A. W. Belarbi,a M. Abbaoui,b
and A. Lefortb
3. Study on voltage characteristics of short air arc with high current density
arc root. https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.5100633