CHAPTER 9 SOLUTIONS

9.1

First consider all the possible splits. They are as follows with identification
numbers 1 to 20, where: A = C3, B = B1, C = NB, D = B2, and E = C5. The five
components are ordered from A to E in decreasing volatility.

5 - Component splits 4 - Component splits 3 - Component splits 2 - Component splits

1 A/BCDE 5 A/BCD 11 A/BC 17 A/B
2 AB/CDE 6 AB/CD 12 AB/C 18 B/C
3 ABC/DE 7 ABC/D 13 B/CD 19 C/D
4 ABCD/E 8 B/CDE 14 BC/D 20 D/E
9 BC/DE 15 C/DE
10 BCD/E 16 CD/E

The 14 sequences of 4 columns each are as follows:

Starting with 1 Starting with 2 Starting with 3 Starting with 4

1 - 8 - 15 - 20 2 - (17 , 15) - 20 3 - (11 , 20) - 18 4 - 5 - 13 - 19
1 - 8 - 16 - 19 2 - (17 , 16) - 19 3 - (12 , 20) - 17 4 - 5 - 14 - 18
1 - 9 - (18 , 20) 4 - 6 - (17 , 19)
1 - 10 - 13 -19 4 - 7 - 11 - 18
1 - 10 - 14 - 18 4 - 7 - 12 - 17

Figure 9.12(b) is the sequence 1 - 9 - (18, 20)

SM-9-1
9.2

For the separation of 5 light paraffins by ordinary distillation, Table 9.2 gives 14
different sequences. The number of unique splits is 20 as follows:

5 - Component splits 4 - Component splits 3 - Component splits 2 - Component splits

1 A/BCDE 5 A/BCD 11 A/BC 17 A/B
2 AB/CDE 6 AB/CD 12 AB/C 18 B/C
3 ABC/DE 7 ABC/D 13 B/CD 19 C/D
4 ABCD/E 8 B/CDE 14 BC/D 20 D/E
9 BC/DE 15 C/DE
10 BCD/E 16 CD/E

(a) For an equimolar feed, but only 3 products, A, (B, C), and (D, E), Table 9.2
gives only 2 different sequences. These are 1-9 and 3-11.

Sequence 1-9 is favored by Heuristic 2.

Sequence 3-11 is favored by Heuristics 4 and 6

(b) For a feed, in relative moles, of A = 10, B = 10, C = 60, D = 10, and E =
20, a good sequence would be to apply Heuristic 4 on page 248, noting
that the two most difficult separations are: iC4 - nC4 and iC5 - nC5, to give:

A/BCDE, BC/DE, (B/C, D/E)

SM-9-2
9.3

The feed contains 8 components, but only 7 products are to be produced because
one of the products combines the two lightest components. Pertinent data for applying
the heuristics are as follows, where the symbols A, B, etc. replace the usual component
symbols:

Product Symbols Feed Adjacent Relative

species Mole Volatility, α
fraction
H2 , C1 A, B 0.38
5.0
=
C2 C 0.26
1.6
C2 D 0.15
3.6
C3= E 0.10
1.1
C3 F 0.06
2.9
nC4 G 0.04
2.5
nC5+ H 0.01

From this table, we see that the most difficult separations are C/D and E/F. Also, the
largest product mole fraction in the feed is (A, B) at 0.38. Two good sequences, in terms
of splits, are as follows:

Case 1. Apply Heuristics 3 and 4:

AB/CDEFGH, CD/EFGH, C/D, EF/GH, E/F, G/H

Case 2. Apply Heuristic 6:

AB/CDEFGH, C/DEFGH, D/EFGH, E/FGH, F/GH, G/H

This is the same result that would be obtained from Heuristic 2.

SM-9-3
9.4

Use the following symbols for the components: A = RH3, B = HCl, C = RH2Cl, D
= RHCl2, and E = RCl3. This is the order of volatility, which not the order in the table.

Construct a new table in order of decreasing volatility:

Species and lbmol/h Adjacent α Desired

Symbol purity
RH3 A 58 85
3.19
HCl B 52 80
2.47
RH2Cl C 30 95
1.58
RHCl2 D 14 98
1.20
RCl3 E 15 98

Note from the data given that A is the most plentiful component. However, B is
corrosive. The most difficult split is D/E.

Two good sequences can be developed using the heuristics on page 248:

Sequence 1: Use Heuristic 3 to remove A, the most plentiful component. Use Heuristic 1
to remove B, the most corrosive component. Use Heuristics 3, 4, 5, and 6 to remove the
most plentiful (C), to make the easiest split (C/D), to leave the highest purity separation
last, and to favor an equimolar split. The resulting sequence is also the one given by
Heuristic 2:

A/BCDE, B/CDE, C/DE, D/E

Sequence 2: Use Heuristic 1 to concentrate B in the first column. Then use Heuristics 4
and 5 to leave the most difficult and highest purity separation last:

AB/CDE, (A/B, C/DE), D/E

SM-9-4
9.5

From the given data, adjacent volatilities are:

B/C at 1.39 and D/E at 1.25

The most plentiful component in the feed is E.

Consider the sequences in Fig. 9.53 and the 6 heuristics on page 248.

The best sequence applies Heuristic 3 to drop out E early, Heuristic 4 to leave the
most difficult separation last, and Heuristic 6 to approximate equimolar distribution.

The second best sequence is similar and applies Heuristic 3 to drop out E early and
Heuristic 4 to leave the two most difficult separations last.

The third best sequence applies Heuristic 4 to leave the two most difficult
separations last.

The worst sequence performs the most difficult separation first, the easiest
separation last, and the second most difficult separation in the presence of plentiful D.

Heuristics 4 and 6 appear to be the most important, with Heuristic 3 also important,
but Heuristic 2 not very important.

SM-9-5
9.6
Reorder the splits and assign numbers to them:
Split Split number Cost, $/yr
C3,B1,NB,B2/C5 1 95,000
C3,B1,NB/B2,C5 2 540,000
C3,B1/NB,B2,C5 3 261,000
C3/B1,NB,B2,C5 4 90,000
C3,B1,NB/B2 5 510,000
C3,B1/NB,B2 6 254,000
C3/B1,NB,B2 7 85,000
B1,NB,B2/C5 8 94,000
B1,NB/B2,C5 9 530,000
B1/NB,B2,C5 10 254,000
C3,B1/NB 11 197,000
C3/B1,NB 12 59,000
B1,NB/B2 13 500,000
B1/NB,B2 14 247,000
NB,B2/C5 15 64,000
NB/B2,C5 16 460,000
C3/B1 17 15,000
B1/NB 18 190,000
NB/B2 19 420,000
B2/C5 20 32,000

From Table 9.2, there are 14 sequences, with total costs and the requested sequences as
follows:

Sequence by split numbers Total cost, $/yr Ranking

4 - 8 - 14 - 19 851,000
4 - 8 - 13 - 18 874,000 Worst sequence
4 - 10 - 15 - 19 828,000
4 - 10 - 16 - 20 836,000
4 - 9 - 18 - 20 842,000
1 - 7 - 14 - 19 847,000
1 - 7 - 13 - 18 870,000
1 - 6 - 17 - 19 784,000
1 - 5 - 12 - 18 854,000
1 - 5 - 11 - 17 817,000
3 - 17 - 15 - 19 760,000 Best sequence
3 - 17 - 16 - 20 768,000 Second-best
sequence
2 - 20 - 12 - 18 821,000
2 - 20 - 11 - 17 784,000

SM-9-6
9.6 (cont.)

Using the feed rates and relative volatilities from Exercise 9.1, the heuristics of
page 248 give the following sequences:

Heuristic 1: does not apply.

Heuristic 2: 4-10-16-20 $836,000

Heuristic 3: 3-17-16-20 $768,000

Heuristic 4: 4-10-16-20 $836,000

Heuristic 5: does not apply.

Heuristic 6: 2-20-11-17 $784,000

Heuristic 3 gives the best sequence, which, however, is only second best based on cost.

SM-9-7
9.7

To determine the number of possible sequences when two different types of

separators are used, use Eq. (9.9) with the equation:

NsT = TP-1Ns

where, P = number of products = 4

T = separator types = 2

Combining the two equations, the number of possible sequences is,

N sT = T P −1
[2(P − 1)]! = 24 −1 [2(4 − 1)]! = 23 6! = 8 ⋅ 5 = 40
P !(P − 1) ! P!(4 − 1) ! 4!3!

SM-9-8
9.8

Reorder the splits and assign split numbers to them:

Split Split number Cost, $/yr

A/BCD 1 47,100
AB/CD 2 140,500
ABC/D 3 94,500
B/CD 4 112,600
BC/D 5 76,800
A/BC 6 39,500
AB/C 7 119,800
A/B 8 26,100
B/C 9 94,900
C/D 10 59,300

From Table 9.2, there are 5 sequences, with the following costs and rankings:

Sequence by split numbers Total cost, $/yr Ranking

1-5-9 218,800 Best sequence
1 - 4 - 10 219,000 Second-best sequence
3-6-9 228,900
3-7-8 240,400
2 - 8 - 10 225,900

SM-9-9
9.9

Reorder the splits and assign split numbers to them:

Split Split number Cost, $/yr

A/BCD 1 133,400
AB/CD 2 94,400
ABC/D 3 241,800
B/CD 4 78,200
BC/D 5 185,300
A/BC 6 112,600
AB/C 7 76,800
A/B 8 94,900
B/C 9 59,300
C/D 10 169,200

From Table 9.2, there are 5 sequences, with the following costs and ranking:

Sequence by split numbers Total cost, $/yr Ranking

2 - 8 - 10 358,500 Best sequence
1 - 4 - 10 380,800
1-5-9 378,000 Second-best sequence
3-7-8 413,500
3-6 -9 413,700

SM-9-10
9.10

The components are already arranged in the order of decreasing volatility as shown
in the following table, which includes the normal boiling points and boiling-point
differences for the necessary splits. Note that all product recoveries are high. Symbols are
specified for the components.

Species Symbol(s) Normal boiling Boiling-point

point, oR difference, oR
Benzene A 635.9
54.9
Toluene B 690.8
46.0
Ethylbenzene, C 736.8
p-Xylene, D 740.7
m-Xylene E 742.1
9.5
o-Xylene F 751.6

Of most importance is the difficulty of the split E/F. It is difficult to apply Heuristic 6 on
page 219.

Heuristics 2 and 4 give the following sequence:

A/BCDEF, B/CDEF, CDE/F

The marginal vapor rate method is difficult to apply to this exercise because a
98% recovery is specified for each of the components in the product CDE. If a basis of
98% recovery for D (p-xylene) is taken, the following results, similar to the presentation
in Tables 9.3 and 9.4, are obtained using the FUG method at 20 psia to obtain the reflux
ratio with R = 1.2 R min and units of lbmol/hr:

Separation Pressure, psia Distillate Reflux ratio Vapor rate MV rate

A/B 20 99 1.78 275 0
A/BC 20 99 3.42 438 163
A/BCD 20 99 3.92 487 212
B/C 20 106 7.51 902 0
AB/C 20 205 3.49 920 18
B/CD 20 106 9.13 1,074 172
AB/CD 20 205 4.26 1,078 176
C/D 20 593 9.60 6,499 0
BC/D 20 699 8.18 6,416 -83
ABC/D 20 798 7.07 6,439 -60

SM-9-11
9.10 (cont.)

Sequence in Fig. 9.11 MV rate

(a) 212 + 172 + 0 = 384
(b) 212 – 83 + 0 = 129
(c) 176 + 0 +0 = 176
(d) -60 + 163 + 0 = 103
(e) -60 + 18 + 0 = -42

These results show that the indirect sequence, (e), is best.

SM-9-12
9.11

Reorder the splits and assign split numbers to them:

Split Separator type Split No. Cost/$10,000/yr

A/BCD I 1 14
B/ACD II 2 20
AB/CD I 3 27
AB/CD II 4 25
ABC/D I 5 13
ABC/D II 6 21
A/BC I 7 10
B/AC II 8 25
AB/C I 9 25
AB/C II 10 20
B/CD I 11 27
B/CD II 12 22
BC/D I 13 12
BC/D II 14 20
A/CD I 15 23
A/CD II 16 10
AC/D I 17 11
AC/D II 18 20
A/B I 19 8
A/B II 20 15
B/C I 21 23
B/C II 22 19
C/D I 23 10
C/D II 24 18
A/C I 25 20
A/C II 26 6

With two different types of separators, use Eq. (9.9) with the equation:

NsT = TP-1Ns

where, P = number of products = 4

T = separator types = 2

Thus, NsT = 23(5) = 40

The following table of 40 sequences is obtained, with the best and worst sequences noted.

SM-9-13
9.11 (cont’d.)

Sequence by split Cost/$10,000/yr Ranking

numbers
5 - 7 - 22 13 + 10 + 19 = 42
5 - 7 - 21 13 + 10 + 23 = 46
5 - 10 - 19 13 + 20 + 8 = 41
5 - 10 - 20 13 + 20 + 15 = 48
5 - 8 - 26 13 + 25 + 6 = 44
5 - 8 - 25 13 + 25 + 20 = 58
5 - 9 - 19 13 + 25 + 8 = 46
5 - 9 - 20 13 + 25 + 15 = 53
1 - 13 - 22 14 + 12 + 19 = 45
1 - 13 - 21 14 + 12 + 23 = 49
1 - 14 - 22 14 + 20 + 19 = 53
1 - 14 - 21 14 + 20 + 23 = 57
1 - 12 - 23 14 + 22 + 10 = 46
1 - 12 - 24 14 + 22 + 18 = 54
1 - 11 - 23 14 + 27 + 10 = 51
1 – 11 - 24 14 + 27 + 18 = 59
2 - 16 - 23 20 + 10 + 10 = 40 Second-best sequence
2 - 16 - 24 20 + 10 + 18 = 48
2 - 17 - 26 20 + 11 + 6 = 37 Best sequence
2 - 17 - 25 20 + 11 + 20 = 51
2 - 18 - 25 20 + 20 + 20 = 60
2 – 18 - 26 20 + 20 + 6 = 46
2 - 15 -23 20 + 23 + 10 = 53
2 – 15 - 24 20 + 23 + 18 = 61
6 - 7 - 22 21 + 10 + 19 = 50
6 - 7 - 21 21 + 10 + 23 = 54
6 - 10 - 19 21 + 20 + 8 = 49
6 – 10 - 20 21 + 20 + 15 = 56
6 - 8 - 25 21 + 25 + 20 = 66
6 – 8 - 26 21 + 25 + 6 = 52
6 – 9 - 19 21 + 25 + 8 = 54
6 – 9 – 20 21 + 25 + 15 = 61
4 - 19 - 23 25 + 8 + 10 = 43
4 - 20 - 23 25 + 15 +10 = 50
4 – 20- 24 25 + 15 + 18 = 58
4 - 19 - 24 25 + 8 + 18 = 51
3 - 19 - 23 27 + 8 + 10 = 45
3 - 20 - 23 27 + 15 + 10 = 52
3 – 20 – 24 27 + 15 + 18 = 60
3 - 19 - 24 27 + 8 + 18 = 53

SM-9-14
9.11 (cont’d.)

The best sequence is: B/ACDII, AC/DI, A/Ci

The second-best sequence is: B/ACDII, A/CDII, C/DI

The worst sequence is 6 - 8 - 25 with a cost of 21 + 25 + 20 = 66

That is,
ABC/DIIi, B/ACII, A/CI

SM-9-15
9.12 a.

SM-9-16
9.12 (cont’d.)

SM-9-17
9.12 (cont’d.)

b. Sketch of Residue Curve Map

Using ASPEN PLUS, with the Soave-Redlich-Kwong option set at 1 atm (file EXER9-
12B.bkp in the ASPEN folder associated with the Solution Manual for this book):

Residue curve for C4H10/C5H12/C6H14

0 .2

0 .8
4
0 .4

M
0 .6
H1

ol e
C6

f
rac
c
fra

C5
0 .6 M ol e

H1 0 .4
2
0 .8

0 .2

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Molef rac C4H10

SM-9-18
9.12 (cont’d.)

c. Sketch of Residue Curve Map

Using ASPEN PLUS, with the UNIQUAC option set at 1 atm (file EXER9-12C.bkp in the
ASPEN folder associated with the Solution Manual for this book):

Residue curve for C3H6O/CHCL3/C6H6

0 .2

0 .8

Mo
0 .4

0 .6
H6

l ef
C6

rac
rac

CH
l ef
Mo

CL 0 .4
3
0 .6
0 .8

0 .2

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Molef rac C3H6O

SM-9-19
9.12 (cont’d.)
d. Sketch of Residue Curve Map

Using ASPEN PLUS, with the UNIFAC option set at 1 atm (file EXER9-12D.bkp in the
ASPEN folder associated with the Solution Manual for this book):

Residue curve for MA/CH3OH/C6H14

0 .2

0 .8

M
14
0 .4

0 .6
ol e
6H

f
rac
C
ac

CH 0
0 .6 ol efr

3O .4
M

H
0 .8

0 .2

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Molef rac MA

SM-9-20
9.13 a. Using ASPEN PLUS, with the UNIFAC option set at 1 atm:
Fixed Points T, °F
acetone 133
n-heptane 209
toluene 231
acetone-heptane azeotrope 132
(~90 mol% acetone)

b. Using ASPEN PLUS, with the UNIFAC option set at 1 atm:

Residue curve f or METHANOL/ETHANOL/H2O

0.2

0.8

M 6
0.4

0.
ole
2O

fr a
cH

cE
fr a

TH 0
ole

AN .4
M
0.6

OL
0.8

0.2
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
Molefrac METHANOL

Fixed Points T, °F
methanol 148
ethanol 173
water 212
ethanol-water azeotrope 172.5
(~89 mol% ethanol)

SM-9-21
 c. Using ASPEN PLUS, with the UNIFAC option set at 1 atm:

Residue curve for ACETONE/CHCL3/ETHANOL

0 .2

0 .8
L

Mo
NO
0 .4

0 .6

l ef
HA

rac
ET

CH
0 .6 frac

CL .4
le
Mo

3
0
0 .8

0 .2
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
Molef rac ACETONE

9.13 (cont’d.)

Fixed Points T, °F
acetone 133
chloroform 142
ethanol 173
acetone-chloroform azeotrope 148
(~39 mol% acetone)
ethanol-chloroform azeotrope 139
(~14 mol% ethanol)
ethanol (20%) – acetone (~35%) - 146
chloroform (~45%) azeotrope

These residue-curve maps can be reproduced using the files EXER9-13A.bkp,

EXER9-13B.bkp, and EXER9-13C.bkp in the ASPEN folder associated with the
Solution Manual on the Wiley web site for this book.

SM-9-22
9.14 For a feed composition at 70 mol% chloroform, 15 mol% acetone, and 15 mol%
ethanol, the feasible product compositions are in the upper region of the graph,
which includes the chloroform vertex. The region of feasible distillate compositions
is cross-hatched above the feed point, F. The region of feasible bottoms products is
below F.

SM-9-23
9.15 In an alternate flowsheet to that in Figure 9.47, the feed stream, S-107, would be
pumped to 250 psi. Then, the distillation in column D-102 would be carried out in
the distillation region above the distillation boundaries. A more complete
separation could be effected, with the distillate containing on the order of 50 mol%
TBA. The stream, S-109, would be expanded to 15 psia. It would be processed as
in Figure 9.47. After decantation and water removal, the streams S-110 and S-112
would be pumped and sent with stream S-114 to the distillation column, D-104.

Using this flowsheet, the column D-102 operates far from the distillation
boundaries. Its operation should be much more reliable. Pumping costs are
comparable for both flowsheets. However, column D-102 must be designed for
operation at an elevated pressure. Depending on the composition of the distillate
from D-102, the mix point, M, will be affected. Yet, the operation of the remainder
of the flowsheet should be comparable to that in Figure 9.47.

SM-9-24
9.16 At 5 bar, the binary azeotrope is at 28 mol% water

B1 = 50 kmol H2O/hr, B2 = 50 kmol THF/hr

H2O balance on column T2: 0.19D1 = 0.28D2 (1)

THF balance on column T1: 0.81D1 = 0.72D2 + 50 (2)

0.19
Rearranging (1): D2 = D1 = 0.679 D1 (3)
0.28

Subst. (3) in (2): 0.81D1 = 0.72(0.679D1) + 50

0.81D1 = 0.489D1 + 50

(0.81 - 0.489)D1 = 50

0.321D1 = 50

D1 = 155.8 kmol/hr

Subst. in (3): D2 = 0.679 × 155.8 = 105.8 kmol/hr

Check: D1 - D2 = 155.8 – 105.8 = 50 kmol/hr √

SM-9-25
9.17 Two possible separation systems, each involving two columns, are shown in the figure below.

SM-9-26
9.18
The operating lines for a possible separation system involving two distillations columns is shown on the tertiary diagram, with the PFD
shown as an inset. Note that theoretically, no C needs to be fed to the column, as no C is removed as product, assuming pure A and B
in the product stream. In practice, as the products will not be pure, some C will exit, mostly in B2. Thus, approximately 5 kgmol/hr (1%
of stream B2) will probably have to be made-up.

SM-9-27
9.19
Two things should be noticed about the data and about the phase diagrams:
a. The position of the binary azeotrope between A and B is unchanging with pressure.
Therefore, pressure swing separation will not work here and the entriner C should be
used.
b. The liquid-liquid equilibrium envelope for P = 2 bar does not extend far enough to
reach a composition of B greater that 85%. Therefore, a process operated at P = 2 bar
will require more than one column. In contrast, the region for P = 10 bar includes B
compositions of 90% and greater, meaning that a well designed decanter can obtain a
stream with B composition to meet the specification.

Clearly, it would seem that we may be able to S1

operate a single column at P = 10 bar, and obtain 130 C o

B as the aqueous product in a decanter that S2

D1
separates its overhead stream. The design shown S2
2% A
on the next page, and whose PFD is reproduced 90% B
F I
M 8% C
on the right, does exactly this. 50% A
50% B
150 oC
B1
Process description: The column, operating at 10 B1
bar, separates its feed stream into a overhead C 100% A
stream which is the ternary azeotrope (stream D1) 100% C
and a bottoms stream, which is pure A (Stream B1). The overhead stream is fed to a
decanter, which separates D1 into an organic stream S1 and an aqueous stream S2. Note that
the composition of S2 satisfies the requirement of 90% B, so that takes care of both products
. The organic stream S1 is mixed with the feed stream into the column feed M. The
operating lines of this process are shown on the next page.

To estimate the amount of C that needs to be fed at steady state, we note that the feed
consists of 500 kgmol/hr each of A and B. We also note that the bottoms product, B1 is
100% A, and, hence, all of the B must exit via S2. From the figure on the next page, we
estimate the composition of S2 as 2% A, 90% B and 8% C. since 90% of S2 is B, which
must be equal all of the B fed to the process, this means that the total flow rate of S2 =
500/0.9 = 555.5 kgmol/hr. Since 8% of this is C, this means that the rate of C loss at steady
state is 555.5×0.08 = 44.4 kgmol/hr. This of course, is the feed rate of pure C needed as
makeup.

SM-9-28
9.19 (cont’d.)

SM-9-29
9.20
To enable C to be separated out by distillation, the reactor effluent composition must be
under the distillation boundary formed by the line that connects the two binary azeotropes.
The phase diagram below shows the locus of the possible reactor effluent compositions in
green, together with the distillation boundary for the two possible operating pressures, in
red (P = 15 bar) and blue (P = 5 bar). Noting that: (a) it is enough to separate C from the
other two components (as the mixture of A and B is recycled), and (b) Of the three
components, C boils at the highest temperature for both pressures, it is clear that the
separation can be accomplished with just one column. Selecting a pressure of P = 5 bar
would require the reactor to operate at 100oC (operating the CSTR at 120oC would leave
a considerable amount of C in the recycle stream). Operation of the column at 5 bar and
the reactor at 100oC would be a feasible solution, but as the reboiler of the column would
then operate at 120oC, its heat duty could not be reduced by integration with the reactor
(recall that a reduction of operating costs was a requirement).

SM-9-30
9.20 (cont’d.)

Thus, we select an operating pressure of P = 15 bar for the column. Which CSTR operating
temperature would be best in this case? Well, to enable heat integration between the column
reboiler and the CSTR, the reactor must operate above 150oC (the operating temperature
of the reboiler), and at the same time, the effluent CSTR composition must be under the
distillation boundary. Operating the reactor either at 100oC or at 120oC would also be
possible (as shown by the dashed black lines below), but would not allow heat-integration.
This leaves only one possible operating point, Tr = 160oC (shown by the black solid line
below).

SM-9-31
9.20 (cont’d.)

The resulting heat-integrated system, which minimizes the heat duty of the reboiler by
utilizing the heat generated in the CSTR, is shown in the PFD below (it has been assumed
that the heat of reaction is not sufficient to provide all of the duty needed by the reboiler).

65% A, 35% B

CW
50 oC

15 bar

A Feed
B Feed

Steam

Tr = 160 oC

150 oC
100% C

SM-9-32