Pre-Calculus

Quarter 2 – Module 21:

Inverse Cosine Function
Pre-Calculus – Grade 11/12
Quarter 2 – Module 21: Inverse Cosine Function

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin
 GRADE 11/12 (QUARTER 2)
MODULE 21

I. Title of Material: Inverse Cosine Function

In this module you will learn and develop the knowledge and skills needed to
find the exact value of inverse cosine function and be able to understand and
calculate composition of inverse cosine function. You will also illustrate the domain
and range of inverse cosine trigonometric function.
II. Objectives
After completing this module, you should be able to:
1. Find the exact value of inverse cosine function.
2. Evaluate the composition of inverse cosine trigonometric expressions.
3. Illustrate the domain and range of inverse cosine function.
III. Vocabulary List:
Arccosine is the inverse function of cosine when -1≤ x ≤ 1. If y is the cosine
of θ, then θ is the arccosine of y. This can be written as arccos or denoted by cos-1.
Arcsine is the inverse function of the sine, if y is the sine of θ, then θ is the
arcsine of y. The abbreviation is arcsin or denoted by sin-1.
Domain refers to the set of possible input values, its graph consists of all the
input values shown on the x-axis.
Evaluate means to evaluate an inverse trigonometric expression of the angle
θ to get x.
Inverse Cosine Function is the function cos-1x, which is the inverse of the
cosine function and the angle that has a cosine equal to a given number.
Inverse Trigonometric Functions are the inverse of the trigonometric
functions. These are the inverses of the sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and
cosecant functions, and are used to obtain an angle from any of the angle’s
trigonometric ratios.
Range is the set of possible output values, which are shown on the y-axis.

IV. WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW?

Pre-Test
Find the exact value of each expression and simplify if needed.
1. cos-1 (0)
2. arccos − ( 2
2
)
3. (
arccos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6
7π
)
4. ( 2
sin 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛 3 + arccos 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑠
1
2 )
V. Learning Activities:

Before you start, please bear in mind this information for you to be guided along the
way.

Task No. 1: Please discover me!

 Example 3. Evaluate cos (( ) )
2
3

Solutions:

cos (( ) )=
2
3 π
6
= 2
3

This problem leads to a couple of nice facts

about inverse cosine

that
if the restriction of range is not violated.
 2π
If your answer is 3
, then you already know how
to find the exact value of inverse cosine function.
Congratulations! You made it. You will be receiving
now the first portion of your dream house. However, if
not, then you should study again this learning activity.

Task No. 2: Level Up!

Solutions:
3 1
cos ( 2
- 3
) *Find the angle using the trigonometric values table

π 1
cos ( 6
- 3
) *Expand the expression

cos (
π
6
) cos ( ( ) ) + (sin ( )) sin (( ) )
1
3
π
6
1
3
*Calculate, Simplify, and Rewrite

1 2
2
3
x
1
3
+
1
2
x 1− ( )
3
*Multiply the fractions and Rewrite

3 1 1
6
+ 2
× 1− 9
*Calculate the difference

3 1 8
6
+ 2
× 9
*Use radical rules by taking the root of the numerator &
denominator separately
 3 1 8
6
+ 2
× 3
*Simplify the root

3 1 2 2
6
+ 2
× 3
*Reduce the numbers

3 2
6
+ 3
*Final Answer

If your answer is correct, that means you have learned a lot from this section.
Furthermore, you do not only gain knowledge from this module but also from the
previous module about Inverse Sine Function. Accomplishing this task means you
may proceed to the 3rd learning task and you will be receiving the next step of your
dream house. But if you got it wrong, then you still have to
furtherly study and view again the video from the link given
above.

Task No. 3: Sketch Me Please!

 Thus, the blue line represents the graph of y=cos-1x
or f(x)= cos-1x.

Solution:
Since the graph of f(x)=cos-1 was sketched
on Figure 1.1, simply shift it right 1 unit and
stretch it vertically by a factor of 2. It
intersected the x axis at 1 before,
and now it will intersect at 2. It reached
a height of π before, and now it will
reach a height of 2 π that is shown on Figure 1.2.

Solution: (d) is the correct answer. y= cos-1 (x2- 4) ⇒ cos y= x2- 4

i.e. -1 ≤ x2- 4 ≤ 1 *since -1 ≤ cos y ≤ 1
⇒3 ≤ x2 ≤ 5

⇒ 3 ≤ IxI ≤ 5

⇒ x∈ [− 5 , − 3 ] ∪ [ 3 , 5 ]
If your answer is letter d and your reason behind it is correct, then
you will be receiving the next portion of your dream house.
Congratulations you are done with the third task. These will help
you a lot to overcome the Practice Exercises to reach the last three
stages. However, if you shall not get the correct answer, please go
back to the task given and review each example.
VI. Practice Exercises:
Practice Task 1: Wheel of In-Trigo-Tion!

You will play the game called Wheel of In-Co-tion (Inverse Cosine Function).
This is a game to enhance the students’ skills in evaluating inverse cosine function.
Each letter from each color has designated inverse cosine function. You will start
from letter a to f.
You will find the value of each function assigned from each letter. Every
correct answer is equivalent to one point. If you earn at least 4 out of 6, that means
you can proceed to Practice Task No.2 but if not, you will still review Learning Activity
No. 1. Let your teacher check your answers.

3 2
a. cos-1 2 e. cos (cos-1 (- 5
))
13π
b. cos-1 (-1) f. arccos (cos (- 3
))
2
c. arc cos 2
5π
d. arccos (sin 2
)

Practice Task 2: Evaluate Me!

Simplify the given expression:

2 1
1. cos (cos-1 3
– sin-1 (− 3
))

Let your teacher check your work. If

you got it right that means you may
proceed to the next Practice Task and you
will receive the next portion of your dream
house. However, if not you have to review
the Learning Task No. 2 and do the task
again in Practice Task No.2.

Practice Task 3: Sketch Me Up!

Sketch the graph of y=2cos-1 (3x)

Present your sketch to your teacher. If you got it correctly, then you have
learned a lot from this module. That means you are now ready to take the Post Test
as a last challenge for your dream house. So far you will receive your house as
illustrated below. Congratulations! On the other hand, if you got it wrong, then you
have to study again Learning Task No.3. and do the sketch again.

VII. Post Test

A. Find the exact value of each expression.

1. cos-1 0
π
2. cos-1 (cos 3
)
π
3. sin-1 (cos (− 4
))
5π
4. cos-1(cos 4
)
13
5. cos-1 (cos 6
)
43π
6. sin-1(cos ( 5
))
 B. Simplify each expression.
1
1. sin ( 2 + )

3
2. sin-1[cos ( 2
)]

C. Sketch the graph of the given inverse cosine functions.

1. y= cos-1 (x+1)
𝑥
2. y= cos-1 2

Let your teacher check your answers. If you got at least 8 score, that
means you have passed the challenge and your dream house awaits
you. However, if you got 7 below you have to check those items that you
lose and check the corresponding examples on
the learning activities as a review and go back to
the Post Test to retake those you have mistaken
until you get it correctly.

Congratulations!!!

VIII. Assignments

Sketch the graph of y=2cos-1(x-1) using a certain mobile or computer

application (example: GeoGebra Graphing Calculator, Desmos Graphing Calculator
and other applications) and share it in class.

Answer Key:

Pre-Test
Find the exact value of each expression and simplify if needed.
π
1. cos-1 (0) 2

2. arccos − ( 2
2
) 3π
4

3. (
arccos 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6
7π
) 5π
6

4. ( 2
sin 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛 3 + arccos 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑠
1
2 ) 2+ 5
6

Practice Task 1: Wheel of In-Co-Tion!

 3 π
a. cos-1 2
6

b. cos-1 (-1) π

2 π
c. arc cos 2 4

5π
d. arccos (sin 2
) 0

2 2
e. cos (cos-1 (- 5
)) − 5

13π π
f. arc cos (cos (- 3
)) 3

Practice Task 2: Evaluate Me!

2 1
1. cos (cos-1 3
– sin-1 (− 3
)) 4 2- 5
9
*Note: Refer to page 225 No. 2 on Precalculus Teacher’s Guide for the solution.

Practice Task 3: Sketch Me Up!

Sketch the graph of y=2cos-1 (3x)

*Note: Refer to page 226 No. 3 on Precalculus Teacher’s Guide for the solution.
Post Test

VII. Post Test

A. Find the exact value of each expression.

π
1. cos-1 0 2

π π
2. cos-1 (cos 3
) 3

π π
3. sin-1 (cos (− 4
)) 4
 5π 3π
4. cos-1(cos 4
) 4

13 π
5. cos-1 (cos 6
) 6

13
Solution: cos-1 (cos 6
)
π
= cos-1 (cos(2π + 6
))
π
= cos-1 (cos 6
)
π
= 6

43π π
6. sin-1(cos ( 5
)) − 10

43π
Solution: sin-1(cos ( 5
))
3π
= sin-1(cos 5
)

= sin-1(sin ( π
2
−
3π
5 ))
π
= sin-1(sin - 10
)
π
=- 10

B. Simplify each expression.

1
1. sin ( 2 + ) 1

3 π
2. sin-1[cos ( 2
)] 6

C. Sketch the graph of the given inverse cosine functions.

1. y= cos-1 (x+1)

𝑥
2. y= cos-1 2
VIII. Assignment

Sketch the graph of y=2cos-1 (x-1)

Note: Share the mobile or computer application in class.