PREPARED BY INSTRUCTOR

LHEALYN M. BANTUGON ENGR. ROSTELITA H. MACTANGAY

18-56600
PETE-3202

NARRATIVE
REPORT
PROJECT: P&ID
DEVELOPMENT

MAY 2021

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

 NARRATIVE REPORT
P&ID DEVELOPMENT PAGE 02

PIPING AND
INSTRUMENTATION
DIAGRAM

Piping and Instrumentation Im p o r t a n c e o f P & I D

Diagram is an overall design To know who designed the
document process plant. It is the engineering document
common document to all types of To record changes
engineers. It shows the
interconnection of process Who Uses P&ID's:
equipment and the instrumentation Planning a job
used to control the process. Writing a job safety analysis
P&ID is a set of symbols that is (JSA)
used to depict the following: Lockout before repair
Mechanical equipment Troubleshooting when
Piping problems arise
Piping components Process hazard review
Valves Training new employees
Equipment drivers
Instrumentation and controls
 NARRATIVE REPORT
P&ID DEVELOPMENT PAGE 03

Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) for Temperature and Flow

Control: Upstream and Downstream Operation

Piping and Instrumentation diagram contains two elements and two variables. The element to
be controlled for the upstream of the tank will be coolant, and the element to be controlled for
the downstream of the tank will be heated fluid. The variable in the upstream element is
temperature, and the variable in the downstream element is flow. The tank has its Pressure
Relief Valve (PRV); 1 and 2 to control or limit the pressure in the system.

1. The coolant will be operated by the
following units for the first process
variable, temperature (upstream);
RTD
Thermowell
Temperature Element (TE)
Temperature Indicating Transmitter (TIC)
Temperature Indicating Controller (TIC)
Temperature Alarm Low (TAL)
Temperature Alarm High (TAH)
Temperature Converter (TY)
Temperature Control Valve (TCV)
The Temperature Element (TE) or also known
as sensors in the form of a Resistance
Temperature Detector (RTD); measure the
amount of heat energy or even coldness that
is generated by the coolant, allowing to
“sense” or detect any physical change to that
temperature producing.
When the Temperature element (TE) senses
the amount of heat energy emitted by the
steam, TE change the physical input
quantities into a mechanical signal and sent
to Temperature Indicating Transmitter (TIT).
When the TIT received the mechanical signal,
TIT sends an electrical signal (broken lines) to
Temperature Indicating Control (TIC). The
TIC indicates and controls the coolant inside
the tank, as the device reaches the set
temperature; it sends signals to the final
control element. The final control element
cannot understand the electric signal coming
from the TIC since it is an electric unit. So the
Temperature converter (TY), converts the
electric signal into a pneumatic signal (lines
in parallel) that is then sent to the FCE; which
is the only signal that the FCE can
understand.
 NARRATIVE REPORT
P&ID DEVELOPMENT PAGE 04

Alarm levels are soft tagged to the controller Alarm levels are indicated by means of data
by means of data link and they are namely link namely Flow Alarm High with 8m^3/s
Temperature Alarm High (TAH) with 40 and the Flow Alarm Low (FAL) with 2m ^3/s.
degrees and Temperature Alarm Low (TAL) These alarm levels are indicated to control
with 30 degrees. They are added to detect or identify the flow changes that
and identify of temperature changes that exceeds low and high levels of flow alarm.
exceeds low and high levels of temperature As the device reaches the set restricting flow;
alarm. This is important to avoid the it sends signals to the final control, which is
possibility of explosion or danger in a process the Flow Control Valve (FCV). The FCV cannot
plant. When the TIC successfully sent the understand the electric signal coming from
pneumatic signal to the Temperature Control the FIC since it is an electric unit. So the
Valve (, it will command to open or close the Flow converter, converts the electric signal
flow of the coolant in the valve going into the into a pneumatic signal (lines in parallel) that
tank so that the temperature will be is then sent to the FCV; which is the only
regulated according to the set target signal that the FCV can understand. When the
temperature or the setpoint which is 35 FIC successfully sent the pneumatic signal to
degrees Celsius. the flow control valve, it will command to
open or close the flow of the heated fluid in
2. The heated fluid will be operated by the the valve going out from the tank so that the
following units for the second process flow will be regulated according to the set
variable, Flow (downstream); restricting flow of the system which is 5
Ultrasonic Flow Meter m^3/s.
Flow Element (FE)
Flow Indicating Transmitter (FIT)
Flow Indicating Controller (FIC)
Flow Converter (FY)
Flow Alarm High (FAH)
Flow Alarm Low (F
Flow Control Valve (FCV)
The Flow Element (FE) in the form of
Ultrasonic Flow Meter change the physical
input quantities of heated fluid into a
mechanical signal and sent to Flow Indicating
Transmitter (FIT), and also measuring the
flow rate for reducing pressure or for
restricting flow of the heated fluid. When the
FIT received the mechanical signal, FIT sends
an electrical signal (broken lines) to Flow
Indicating Control (FIC). The FIC indicates
and controls the flow of the heated fluid
going out from the tank.