INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

THE FUTURE OF INDONESIA’S PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY

JIExpo Kemayoran, 18-19 May 2017
 INNOVATION AND CURRENT TREND OF
PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGIES

BY

Dr. Ir. Andhika Prastawa

NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOLOGY - BPPT

 Background

PV Development
Milestones
PV Components Testing
Laboratory

BARON Technopark

S
Smart Grid System’s
• National Energy Security very fragile because
Indonesia still depend on fossil fuels (90%) particularly
gasoline (50%)
• Geographically, there are still many remote areas and
Islands that has not been electrified that makes
electrification ratio nearly 89%
• FUEL transportation is difficult and expensive in some
remote and isolated islands
• As part of the global community Indonesia must also
participate reduce carbon emissions in the
atmosphere.
• BPPT as a Government Research Institute has
participated in encouraging the utilization of
renewable energy, especially solar energy since early
1980s
 ELECTRIFICATION RATIO IN INDONESIA

NAD
90,76%
Kepri
Sumut 44,45%
78,41%
Kalteng Gorontalo Sulut
Riau
51,23% Kaltim 44,83% 64,28%
56, 79% Kalbar
67,22% Malut
54,45%
58,52%
Papua Barat
41,87%
Sumsel
Sumbar 63,13%
69,64% Sulteng
Babel Sulbar 53,06%
Jambi 65,08% 36,65%
41,09% Sultra
Jakarta 46,14%
Bengkulu Kalsel Maluku Papua
90,57%
57,08% 68,77% 69,45% 31,61%
Bali Sulsel
Lampung 73.71% 68,50%
61,25% Banten
70,04% Category :
Jateng DIY
70,29% NTB NTT
Jabar 70,55% Jatim > 60 %
32,49% 58,91%
67,13% 65,63%
41 - 60 %

20 - 40 %
Average ER = 89 %
BPPT PV DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONES
 OVERVIEW OF BPPT MILESTONE ON
PV TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION

 Sollar Village in Cituis and Picon, Banten in early 1980’s through

Indo-German cooperation on PV water desalination and ice
making pilot plant
 Village electrification and pumping system in Kenteng,
Yogyakarta in mid 1980’s through Indo-Japan cooperation
 The first successful PV Solar Home System (SHS) pilot project
in early 1990’s in Sukatani village, West Java through Indo-
Netherland Indonesia cooperation
 Dissemination of 3,445 PV SHS through Presidential Special Aid
(Banpres) in 15 provinces beginning early1990’s
 Establisment of 50 MWp PV Village Electrification Project or
known as “One Million Houses Project” in mid 1998 by the
President of Republic Indonesia. Through this project around
35,000 PV SHS were distributed among villages in Eastern
Indonesia funded by AusAID, and another 5,000 funded the
World Bank (first semi-commercial scheme was established)
PV INDIVIDUAL STAND ALONE
SYSTEM
PV INDIVIDUAL STAND ALONE
SYSTEM

Solar home system (SHS)

introduced early 1990’s
 HYBRID SYSTEM

DC BUS AC BUS

Battery Bank
Genset A

Solar Charge
Cotroller

PV Array
Genset B
•Bidirectional Inverter/ Charger (optional)
•Battery Mnagement Control
•Diesel Management Control
•Wind energy monitoring
•Local & Remote Monitoring

Wind Turbine

Hybrid Inverter
Site Load
 APPLICATION OF THE PV CENTRALIZED SYSTEM (CENTRALIZED)

On Grid
(With
PLN)

PLTS On Grid 80 KWp di Lampung PLTS On Grid 1 MWp di Bali

Off Grid

Centralized PV
system
introduced late PLTS Off Grid 80 KWP di Alor PLTS OFF Grid 80 KWp di Tual
1990’s
GRID CONNECTED SYSTEM
ON GRID ROOFTOP PV SYSTEM

On grid Rooftop PV system

introduced early 2000’s
GRID CONNECTED W/ BACKUP
DEMO PLANT SMART GRID DAN THIN
FILM TECHNOLOGY
PV POWER|500 KWp
LOCATION | SUMBA BARAT DAYA
INAGURATED | FEB 2012
BPPT SUPPPORT ON PV
INDUSTRY:
PV COMPONENTS
TESTING LABORATORY
 The only PV Components Testing Laboratory in Indonesia that
has been accredited to comply SNI/ISO 17025 by National
Accreditation Committee (KAN) - National Standardization
Bodies since 2002;
 The scope of testing:

1. PV module testing (indoor & outdoor, C-Si, a-

Si, CGIS) comply to SNI 04 3850.2-2000;
2. BCR/SCC Testing, comply to SNI 04-6392-
2000;
3. DC Lamp Testing (TL, LED), comply to SNI
04-6393-2000;
4. Battery Testing comply to SNI 04-6392-2000;
5. Fotovoltai/PV system testing (SHS, Off-grid
PV, Street lighting, etc), comply to SNI/IEC-
62124;
6. Inverter testing comply to IEC-61683;
7. Other PV components testing (PV pump, etc)
1. Electrical performance testing (I-V
curve) of PV module at STC (1000
W/m2, 25oC, AM 1.5, SNI 04
3850.2-1995 SPIRE 4600 SLP (SNI 04-6205.9-2000)

1. Spire 4600 SLP SNI 04-6205.9-

2000
2. Solar tracker
2. Outdoor weathering test of PV
modules (cooperation with TÜV
Rheinland-Kœln, Germany): ageing
test, power losses, insulation, etc
3. Performance comparation testing of
PV module technologies (thin-film Vs
crystalline) – cooperation with
Hitachizosen corp.-Japan
•Solar battery testing according to SNI
04-6392-2000,
•Testing scope: Capacity and cycle test;
•Battery type: Lead-acid, VRLA, lithium,
etc.
•Testing equipments:
1. Bitrode Model DTVI-1000-12
2. Bitrode Model MCV48-50-5
3. Bitrode model DTV1000-12
4. Water bath
 BATTERY TYPE TESTED
BASED ON UTILIZATION BASED ON THE DESIGN OF THE
CONTAINER
• STARTER BATTERY,
designed to allow engine • FLOODED, the entire
electrode submerged in an
run/starting engine. electrolyte and is open free to
Starting batteries have the atmosphere because the
container is not sealed
many thin plates that
allow to release large • VRLA (Valve Regulated
Lead Acid), electrolyte and
electrical energy in very electrodes not open freely into
short period of time the atmosphere but is tightly
closed (sealed) by the battery
container, excessive gassing
• DEEP CYCLE BATTERY, expelled through a system of
made with thick plates katub (valve).
• AGM
that allow for the • GEL
release of energy in a
longer period of time
1. Test performance of electric
DC lights (TL, LED, Induction,
Street Lighting, etc.)
2. Includes: lumens test, efficacy,
efficiency, etc.
3. Standared used: SNI 04-
6393-2000;
1. Electrical performance testing of
different types of Solar Charge
controller(BCR, SCC)
2. Consists: HVD/LVD Testing, Reverse
Polarity, etc
3. Standar: SNI 04-6392-2000
1. “Solar Inverter”
Electrical performance
testing;
2. Includes: efficiency,
maximum power, etc.
3. Inverter types: off-
grid, bi-directional,
and on-grid;
4. Standard used: IEC-
61683
• PV Testing
system design
qualification
(stand-alone);
• Includes: SHS,
Solar Portable
light, PV Street
lighting, etc),
• Standard: SNI 04-
6394-2000,
SNI/IEC-62124
• Method: indoor and
outdoor;
Test some PV modules
simultaneously in real
conditions;
Method: outdoor, continues;
Analysis: Performance ratio,
normalized power output,
efficiency, etc.

Fig2. Equipment installation

Table 1. Experimental PV panel
TYPE POWER COUNTRY USE
CIS 170Wp Japan 2
Monocrystalline Si 180Wp Indonesia 2
Polycrystalline Si 135Wp Germany 1
Fig1. Experimental device configuration Amorphous silicon 145Wp Taiwan 1
26
 OUTDOOR RENEWABLE
ENERGY CONVERSION
TECHNOLOGY
TESTING LABORATORY,
TRAINING CENTER AND
DISSEMINATION FACILITIES
 “BARON TECHNOPARK”
Baron Teknopark is designed as an R&D Centre, Training
and Dissemination of New and Renewable Energy
Technology that is dynamic and continues to change
EDUCATIONAL TOURISM AREA and CAPACITY BUILDING
to INITIATE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION

Developed and functioned as NEW AND RENEWABLE INSTITUTE to provide

Technology Transfer Services, Recommendations, Consultation, Technical
Assistant, DED Making, Design Review and Approval, Commissioning Test,
Inspection & Natural Laboratory Certification for electrical system
Performance Test, and NRE Technology Incubator

28
 Tourist Supporting Zone:
Baron Technopark Restaurant, cottage,

Agro Park
Baron
Tourist Beach

NEW RENEWABLE ENERGY

PHYSICS PARK
Main gate
Baron Technopark

Development Area NRE PHYSICS PARK

 NRE PHYSICS PARK

Center for New and Renewable Energy R& D

Government & private R & D institutions center: NRE
technology providers, outdoor performance testing,
testing service and technology innovation, incubation
technologies (Research Institute Local/Foreign R & D
research, BPPT, etc.)
Science Center & Public Support Center
Children's education park, science and technology
exhibition center building, training facilties, Conference
and Exhibition building, camping ground, hotel,
restaurant and tourism support facilities (profit center):
Central & Local Government Center and private company
New and Renewable Energy Institute
The place for educational institutions, University
research institutes to develope HUMAN RESOURCES
 The development Facilities of BARON TECHNOPARK

Ice maker Cold storage

Wells and clean water

network Desalinasi Plant The view of Sundial Landscape area

Training Workshop
Facility

The development of
area & camping ground
entrance

Techno-camp
PV& Battery Charging
Station

Electric motorcycle & Car

Sundial
Viewing
Area
Visitor
Center

Gedung
HYBRID PV – WIND - DIESEL BARON TECHNOPARK
PV POWER| 36 KWp WIND | 15 KWP DIESEL | 35 KW
LOCATION | BARON YOGYAKARTA INAGURATED JUNI 2012
CURRENT TREND OF
TECHNOLOGY:
SMART MICRO GRID
 THE FUTURE OF ELECTRICITY
INFRASTRUCTURE
Electricity market System and
Condition
(Electricity Monitoring
dispatcher)

PV Plant

Electric Car

Cogeneration

Automated and smart control

Household with
Dynamic zoning Dynamic small power
Wind Turbine
Electricity denand generation
Information
 SMART GRID TO OVERCOME PV POWER OUTPUT FLUCTUATION

PLTS power output is determined

by factors:
 Modul Efficiency
 Modul temperature, and
 Sun Radiation on module
surface

While the solar radiation on solar modules are affected by:

 Distance, position and direction of the Sun,
 Objects of obstructions (e.g., cloud layers, or other
moving barrier objects)
 SMART MICRO GRID SYSTEM’S
DEVELOPMENT IN SUMBA
The application of AC Buses on Smart Micro Grid with a capacity of
500 kWp installed in Sumba, is expected to increase capacity of the
existing electricity supply as well as simultaneously increasing
economic operations and improve the reliability and quality of electric
power operations

39
 SUMBA SMG
CONFIGURATION

PV STORAGE
SYSTEM SYSTEM
Data
communication
system using point
WAITABULA to point access
DIESEL GEN method
EMS & SCADA
LOKOMBORO MINI WAIKABUBAK SYSTEM
HYDRO DIESEL GENSET

40
SMART DIESEL GENSET ON SUMBA SMART GRID SYSTEM
500 KWP SUMBA SITE