INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING PAPER

NAME : ZAINUL ABIDIN

NPM : 1606110009
KAPRODI : TECHNIC INDUSTRI

THE COURSE INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, MATHEMATICS AND
NATURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITAS WISNUWARDHANA MALANG
2017
 INTRODUCTION
Praise to our Almighty God, the presence of penjatkan the top of his

grace so that we can complete the preparation of a working paper entitled

"INTRODUCTION to INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING". This paper writing is

one of the tasks given in the course of INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING at the

University of INDRAPRASTA PGRI in writing this paper I feel there are still

many deficiencies both in technical as well as writing material, given the abilities

I have. To that end, criticism and suggestions from all sides very I would expect

for the sake of completion of manufacture of this paper. In the writing of this

paper the writers convey the deepest gratitude of thanks to those who help in

finishing this paper, especially to Dian Rachmawati.SS.MM, who gave the

assignment and instructions to us, so that we can complete the task

Malang, Juli 2017

ZAINUL ABIDIN
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I. History of industrial engineering

CHAPTER II. The role of industrial engineering

A. The field of industrial engineering

B. Basic science industrial engineering

CHAPTER III. Organization of industrial engineering

A. Employment prospects of industrial engineering

B. The Challenge Of Industrial Engineering

CHAPTER IV. CONCLUDING REMARK

Summary/conclusions the results of the paper from Chapter 1 to

Chapter 3.

CHAPTER V. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 CHAPTER 1
HISTORY OF INDUSTRIAL
ENGINEERING
Development of science not held an impromptu way se, instead it happened

gradually, in which scientists contribute according to their ability. The discoveries

made by man are not centralized but spreads from Babylonia, Egypt, China, India,

Iraq, Greece and handed over to mainland Europe. This proves that humans are

faced with challenges that spur the power of creativity. When is the industrial

engineering profession born? Industrial engineering was born since the question

of production, since people must realize something to fulfill the purposes of life.

Production issues arose in the days of ancient Greece, the pre-when humans use

stones as the equipment. At that time the humans using stone tools to work, as a

cutting tool or joiner. Tools such as needles used for sewing, made of bone. Tools

used constantly changes with the way try and humans do the selection tools

appropriate for the purposes of employment. These improvements not only to

increase productivity on production issues and this happened. Although the

concept of industrial engineering has emerged in the days pre-ancient Greece, but

industrial engineering discipline firmly rooted at the time of the industrial

revolution (1750). This discipline was originally developed by some individuals

seeking to develop the principles of organization and management of advanced

production. The industrial revolution that occurred in the United Kingdom is

considered the modern era of industrial engineering discipline. The industrial

revolution has been changing dramatically the manufacturing process and

assisting the birth of the science concepts at a later date. Technological innovation

is happening at that time intended to discuss AIDS in the mechanization of some

traditional manual operations on the textile industry. Some technological

inventions during the industrial revolution can be mentioned, among other things,

the discovery of melt machine made by James Hargreaves (1765), the

development of water framed by Richard Arkweight (1769), and probably one of

the most important innovations at the time of the industrial revolution was the

invention of the steam engine by James Watt. Results of innovations Watt

believed would provide a cheaper source of energy, the cost of production and the

price of the lower and able to expand the market.

The industrial revolution also spawned new discoveries in the field of electricity.

For example, Samuel Morse who has merit in the development of aircraft wire

(1840), the invention of the light bulb by Thomas Edison (1880) Alpha which is

the early use of electricity for lighting. And in a row developed technology and

transmission of electric power plant.

The discoveries over the long history of Cider is a part of the emergence of the

discipline of industrial engineering, views and the development aspect of the

technology. On the other hand developed development concepts aimed at finding

an effective work processes and efficiency of human aspects and working

methods. Some names may be mentioned, among others, Adam Smith, Charles

babbage, henry towne, Frederick w ttaylor, etc.

Adam Smith (the wealth of nations, 1776) elaborated the concept of the design of

the production process to improve the efficiency of use of labor-power, which

emphasizes the importance of specialization. This discipline eventually evolved to

meet the needs of experts and skilled in terms of planning, organizing, operating

and controlling a system of production that are broad and complex. The need to

improve efficiency and effectiveness is the driving force of the establishment of

industrial engineering discipline.

So did Charles Babbage as a forerunner in the development of the concept of

Industrial Engineering Department about the need for a division of labor to

increase productivity in his book on economy of machinery and manufacrurers

1832. With the Division of Labor (in accordance with specialisasinya) work will

become more simple, time saving and cost.

In 1886, Henry Towne raised the importance of the insiyur pay attention to the

elements of the profitability of the decision taken in his writings The Engineers of

the US Economist who loaded on the ' Transactions of the American Society of

Mehcanical Englneers. Towne places emphasis on the importance of economic

sciences for the engineer in taking decisions.

Fredanc w. Taylor is a member of The AmericanSociety of Mechanical Engineers

(ASME) is known as the father of the engineering industry. Concepts were much

influenced by the Towne of the year 1874. Taylor worked as a mechanic in the

hydraulic company. Nine years later got married and received a Bachelor's degree

in mechanical engineering from Stevens Institute, later being promoted to head of

engineering at factories in the United States. Efforts at steel companies bring the

thought of what is known as the ' Scientific Management. Here the field of

engineering should be responsible towards the things that concern the design,

measurement, pe rencanaan, penjadualan as well as the control of work. In the

year 1881, Taylor did a study of cutting steel for 25 years and published in

Transactions of The American Society of. ' Mechanical Engineers in 1907 which

was the longest paper.

Fredanc w. Taylor is a member of The AmericanSociety of Mechanical Engineers

(ASME) is known as the father of the engineering industry. Next up at Bethlehem

Steel, Taylor did an analysis about the experiment penyekopan to lift coal and iron

seed seed. One spade full for seeds of coal weighs just 3.5 pounds. While one

spade full of seeds of iron weighs 38 pounds. Of these cases, Taylor concluded

that the scope of the same type are not suitable for all jobs. For Taylor it

commissioned two men to do the work penyekopan with the size of the spade that

vary from small to large capacity. After doing some experiments he found that

spade with a capacity of 21.5 pounds is the ideal weights. Productivity can be

improved dramatically so in the period of 3.5 years number of workers can be

reduced from 500 to become 140 workforce.

Research results more from Taylor is the determination method for the optimum

working hour arrangements. On the study of iron removal did Taylor lead to

determine the method of displacement, speed, working time and rest periods is

optimal. Before doing research Taylor chose the workers and given a briefing that

the point that the research conducted is not to measure the maximum strength of
the workers, but to know how big the energy spent by a worker in order to give

the maximum results. The research was conducted before the selected workers

trained in advance in order to have uniformity in doing the work. Results of the

study mentioned that the work was strongly influenced by the length of time of

work, length of rest periods, and the frequency of the breaks. Analysis of the

specifications and needs of the developing work known as Work or Assign

Method Study. Taylor also known as pioneer activities known by measurement of

work. This activity is emphasized on the determination of time using hour break

for a worker who do the work. Studies conducted Taylor basically emphasized on

improving the efficiency of applied to each part. The increase in the efficiency of

manual work in each section do not minimize the movement with a fruitful

experience, slow motion and movement. Work with enhanced mechanical aids

such as equipment utilizing jigs and fixture. Taylor developed systems in an effort

to increase the efficiency of the work is focused on the improvement of methods

of work, reduce work time and develop standards of work. On the other hand, the

idea of Taylor on increased efficiency and productivity on top of feeling worried,

even censure arising from a bevy of American Labor judge Taylor's opinion as a

serious plan to reduce human involvement is replaced with a machine.

Other industrial Engineering character is Frank b. Gilbreth, born in Maine

Fairfield July 7, 1868. He introduced the movement called Micromotion analysis

Studies at a meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Englneers (ASME).

At first he was a building contractor who was successful in the United States.

With his wife a Doctorate in psychology, has strengthened the role of the human
factor on the concept of industrial engineering. Gilberth was very instrumental in

the attempt to give the Foundation to identify and analyze the basic human

movements at a time when doing manual labor. In addition, Gilberth gave an

awful lot of awareness for the importance of the meaning of management

simplification in design, other way work procedures for how to work effectively

and efficiently. More Taylor with a different focus on the aspects of time, Gilberth

more emphasis on aspects of working methods.

One of the research done on top of Gilberth what he saw that in the development

process, the movement conducted the Masons is not very effective. To that end he

proposed the concept of the basic movements performed in human work. The

procedure is done by dividing the pekerjaaan becomes the basic movement

elements of the. In research about the installation of brick on building work,

Gilberth makes analysis of movements committed workers, and proposed the

concept will provide a reduction of the number of movements from 18 to 5.

Before this, the brick in normal conditions can only be put up 120 bricks per hour

per person. Results of innovation Gilberth gives the average level of the

installation of as many as 350 brick bricks per hour per worker. The rate of

increase is not obtained by accelerating the time craftsmanship, but rather with the

methods more effective. Traditionally, the installation of brick and brick are often

not consistent. Installation of the brick by brick the taking of forced workers

should be bowed and twisted the bricks to find the best side. The bricks are placed

in the box where the ladder to put relative boxes can not be adjusted, unlike the

case with the proposed Gilberth where brick was taken to somewhere that
arranged all of which bolt, on a palette. He considers that the taking of a single

brick will compensate its position with the bricks that others, by means of one of

the two bricks were encouraged to occupy positions previously acquired the brick

workers take the bricks again. She hoped that the head artisan brick can take the

bricks with very efficient. Therefore, He can minimize labor costs in drawing up

the bricks from a palette. He then provides a ladder that can be customized, the

right location for bricks and mortar, and the results of innovation is the rapid

progress in terms of productivity of work.

Other figures who developed the discipline of industrial engineering is Henry

Gantt who developed the procedure penjadualan work plan by using the map or

map beams Gantt. Ralph Barnes, Doctor first industrial engineering from Cornell

University in 1933. He is a work of classic books namely Motion end Time Study.

H. b. Maynard, G.J. Stegmerten and s. M Loury (1927) wrote the book Motion

and Time Study and the emphasis on the importance of the study of movement

and good working methods. In 1932, a. H, Mogenson publish "Common Sense

Applied to Time and Motion Study" focusing on the concept of movement studies

with work simplification approach. In addition to the figures above are still many

socialist pioneers who are considered meritorious in giving the Foundation the

development of industrial engineering, such as L.F. Alford, Arthur C Anderson,

w. Edward Deming, Eugene l. Grant, Roberth Hoxle, Joseph Juran suggested,

titarvzn e. Mundel and Walter She wart.

 CHAPTER II

THE ROLE OF INDUSTRIAL

ENGINEERING

Industrial engineering focused to the design, improvement and installation of

integrated system consisting of human, material, equipment and energy. This

section describes the 3 main roles to do an industrial engineering, namely

designing, improving and installing an integrated system. We start from the

concept of "integrated system". The system can be defined as an object identifiers

that consist of various components interacting in such a way so that the identity of

the last function reaches its destination. In this definition is clarified that an

integrated system must have a minimum of 4 component (sub-system) namely

human, material, equipment and energy. This means that all of the systems that

produce or improve added value either in the form of goods or services is an

object managed by the engineering industry. This is because almost all systems

must have these elements of the 4th.

Integrated show that the interactions that took place from the 4th such elements

geared towards a behavior system is more than just a simple merge of the 4th

item. A man is an integrated system which became human because all (sub-

system) interact in such a way. But if in the future we could have designed the

human body from its components then incorporate them if it will become a

human?
Variations occur in the education of industrial engineering in the world and also in

Indonesia, usually sourced from the definitions of the sub-systems in a system

(can be more than 4 Sub-System) as well as the difference in emphasis towards

sub-system which deepened his understanding. But all of them must have had at

least 4 this subsystem as the basis.

We divide an integrated industrial system as follows:

Each and every component/sub-system is a component that must be mastered in

doing 3 main tasks of an industrial engineering:

Design shows the ability to creatively combine the knowledge that has been

owned into a draft system. The system here is not just a factory system or

organization, but also can be a designing solution, i.e. the design solutions are

multidisciplinary, multidimensional and multiapproach.

Boost can be translated as management. Management experts say that there is a

difference between administration and management. Administration-oriented to

do the same thing constantly, while the rules precisely meaningful management

improvement to be done. Based on this definition certainly improve/management

demonstrate ability to perform troubleshooting, because the core of the

improvement is the ability to solve problems. This includes the ability of analysis,

systems thinking etc are useful in solving problems.

Installing demonstrates the ability to perform a defining the steps required for

installing against the draft system. Installing forced an industrial engineering to

think far ahead in designing and improving the system. This example is the

concept of translation project management, design for maintenance, design for

manufacture, design for six sigma (DFSS) etc. that is a concept design that

already incorporate ease of maintenance, manufacturing quality control even so

the product can be accepted by the market faster in optimal quality.

PART 2: for that it needs the knowledge and expertise in the fields of

mathematics, physics and social studies as well as the principles and methodology

of engineering/engineering this section shows basic academic requirements to

support the role of an industrial engineering and industrial engineering affirmation

that despite the social sciences still constitutes the field of engineering. That is

why in the first years of industrial engineering curriculum loaded with basic

environmental lectures such as calculus, linear algebra, physics, chemistry and so

on, though in charge of course adapted to the needs of industrial engineering.

PART 3: to specify, predict and evaluate the results obtained from an integrated

system. Part 3 is a logical consequence of the translation of part 1 of the definition

of industrial engineering, namely the 3 main roles of industrial engineering course

will create a new system or systems improvement with better performance. This

means repair or design should be oriented to the facts and data.

There are 3 problems in performance, i.e. how specifies the performance, predict

performance that have been specified and how to evaluate.

*Specifies: the performance must be specified at the beginning of a design or

improvement of the system, because each party may have a difference of

perception toward the meaning of performance. A financial expert said the good

performance of a system is cost savings, a good performance means say marketing

meets the needs of customers, a production manager says good performance is

conformance with standard products. All this performance there is nothing wrong,

but all of this performance can be contradictory and result in the system not be

everywhere. Specifies the means also an industrial engineering should specify

indicators, how to obtain indicators, search form data, a tool used to measure it,

the frequency of measurements etc.

*Predict: after be specified, of course when designing or improving a system

we've been able to get some sort of an idea of how the system functions and how

later the last performance. That is, the kinerjalah became benchmark you in

repairing and designing system.

 Evaluate: surely after the system repaired or designed and installed we

need to evaluate in real terms against the performance of yesteryear. If it has been

specified with a good run at this step then the process of evaluating performance.

certainly the results of the evaluation will be a feedback in the next repair.
 A.THE FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

Basically, the science of industrial engineering can be divided into three areas of

expertise, namely, Manufacturing Systems, industrial management, and Economic

and industrial system Techno.

* Manufacturing System

The manufacturing system is a system that utilizes industrial engineering

approach to quality improvement, productivity, and efficiency an integral system

that consists of humans, machines, materials, energy, and information through the

process of designing, planning, operation, control, maintenance, and repairs to

keep the harmony of human and environmental aspects of the works. The types of

the fields studied in this Manufacturing System is a system of production,

Planning and control of production, System Modeling, designing the layout of the

factory, and ergonomics.

* Industrial Management

Areas of expertise of industrial Management is a field of expertise that utilize

industrial engineering approach to the creation and enhancement of the value of

the system function and venture through the management process by resting on

the primacy of human resources in the face of a dynamic business environment.

The types of the fields studied in industrial management, among others, are

financial management, quality management, innovation management, human

resource management, marketing management, management decisions and

Economic Engineering.
* Economic and industrial system techno

Areas of expertise and Techno-industrial system of Economics is a field of

expertise that utilize industrial engineering approaches for the improvement of the

competitiveness of an integral system of labor, raw materials, energy, information,

technology, and infrastructure that interact with the business community, the

public, and Government. Fields that are studied in the industrial system and

Economy are Tekno Statistics industry, logistics systems, logic programming,

Operational Research, and Data Base Systems

B. BASIC SCIENCE INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

The basis of science industrial engineering is the science of operational sciences

which include analysis and design operations, surveillance operations, and

operations management. Three criteria must be done in order for the application of

industrial engineering was successful is quality, time, and costs in accordance

with the objectives of industrial engineering.

The goal of industrial engineering is the guarantee that the products or services

produced or in production at the right quality, at the right time, and the right cost

also.

* Method Engineering is the study that systematically examines the entire direct

and indirect operations to get a work system improvements with the intention of a

job would be easier to be done and done in a shorter time. In method engineering

design or analysis work are discussed concerning the study of employment (work

study) and measurement of work (work measurement).

*Ergonomics as the study of connectedness between people with work

environment especially with the results of the design work. Basically there are

four subcategories of ergonomics to be aware of with respect to the ability of a

human being do work that is skeletal/muscular (skeleton/muscular), sensory

(human locomotion), environment (environment), and mental.

*Planning and designing Facilities include the determination of the location of the

facility, placement or arrangement of the layout of the facility, and how big the
facilities will be placed. The goal of the planning and design of facilities is to get

the number of minimum cost in the placement of such facilities.

Simulation is a methodology to experiment with using a model of the real system.

The simulation can be applied widely and is not limited to such as queues of

people or goods at the airport and bank customers in queue.

*Material Handling material handling traditionally dikonotasikan as the transfer

of material or materials from one location to another or between work stations.

The principle of the best material handling is no material handling with the aim of

minimising the cost of the transfer of the material.

Operational Research is a scientific discipline that developed since the onset of

World War II and applied to the military world.

*Production systems is an activity to cultivate or regulate the use of existing

resources in the process of the creation of goods or services with the aim of fixing

the level of effectiveness and efficiency of the production process.

Inventory control functions primarily to accommodate the rate of flow which is

always not the same. And quality control is separating good and bad products or

compare the quality of the product with the specified terms

 CHAPTER III.
ORGANIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL
ENGINEERING
The discipline of Engineering Industries appeared and firmly rooted in the

time of the industrial revolution in the United Kingdom (1750). The industrial

revolution is considered the modern era of industrial engineering discipline, where

it has been changing dramatically the manufacturing process as well as helping

give birth to the concept of science. Industrial engineering discipline developed by

individuals trying to find/develop organizational principles and advanced

production management.

Some inventions during the industrial revolution:

Technology Aspects

o James Hargreaves found machine spun (1765).

o Richard Arkweight develop a water frame (1769).

o James Watt find steam engine.

o Samuel Morse develops aircraft wire (1840).

o Thomas Alfa Edison to find a lamp (1880).

Aspects Of The Development Of The Concept

o Adam Smith (The Wealth Of Nations, 1776); reconsideration of the

concept of the design of the production process to improve the efficiency

of use of labor, which emphasizes the importance of specialization.

 o Charles Babbage (On Economy of Machinery and Manufacturer,

1832); reconsideration of the need for a division of Labor (according to a

course) to increase productivity.

o Henry Towne (The Engineers of the US Economist, 1886) suggests

the importance of engineers noticed elements of profitability in taking

decisions. That means it takes the economics.

o Frederic w. Taylor (father of industrial engineering), offers the

concept that the field of engineering should also be capable and

responsible regarding the design, measurement, planning, scheduling or

controlling of work (software). F.w. Taylor often associated with Work

Measurement or Motion and Time Study.

Colleges need to support student activity units that are professional.

More opportunities open to recent graduates to become employees, because

without having to lose time to deliver the training before work can be sold.

For a position or a certain professional level, can provide a balanced

appreciation of the foreign power that have the same quality work.

The Government can be more proactive employment prospects looking for data

that is more up to date both within and outside the country to then informed to

society as on line via the internet.

The Government could record more detail the expatriates so that local engineers

can prepare and organize strategies to compete.

For it covers mechanical engineering opportunities in various fields so as to not be

so hard to find a position where a mechanical engineering will work. And

tantanganya is just another foreign labor, which is where the foreign worker first

have practical knowledge, foreign language, and have IT skills/Internet learning

where the place due to the foreign labor has units and facilities are adequate in

comparison By Indonesia itself.

 CHAPTER IV.

CONCLUDING REMARKS

Industrial engineering was born since the question of production, since

people must realize something to fulfill the purposes of life. Production issues

arose in the days of ancient Greece, the pre-when humans used the rock as his

equipment. At that time the humans using stone tools to work, as a cutting tool or

joiner. Tools such as needles used for sewing, made of bone. Tools used

constantly changes with the way try and humans do the selection tools appropriate

for the purposes of employment. Although the concept of industrial engineering

has emerged in the days pre-ancient Greece, but industrial engineering discipline

firmly rooted at the time of the industrial revolution (1750). This discipline was

originally developed by a few individuals who are trying to find claims that it is

developing the principles of organization and management of advanced

production. The industrial revolution that occurred in the United Kingdom is

considered the modern era of industrial engineering discipline.

Industrial engineering focused to the design, improvement and installation

of integrated system consisting of human, material, equipment and energy. This

section describes the 3 main roles to do an industrial engineering, namely

designing, improving and installing an integrated system. During this time the

prospect of industrial engineering graduates work quite nice with a salary high

enough, especially in an era of increasingly advanced industry. Corporation or

large-scale industry into great opportunities. Of course the great people in the

Industrial Engineer has an important role in an industry, just imagine reportedly

seorg Industrial Engineer expert in optimizing a large scale factory production

costs, so that reportedly could save the industry up to billions of rupiah. Industrial

engineering graduates employment includes in the field: the field of

production/oprasi and quality assurance, information systems, marketing, human

resource management, management consulting, etc...

a very heavy competition, not because of my fellow competitors Indonesia

even any foreign labor join compete, because the Era of globalization that

came so fast. To respond to the challenges of globalization, the role of the

College and the Government very in need, so that it can create a quality

industrial engineering graduates and with the support of the Government's

proactive can help industrial engineering graduates seeking employment and

create jobs
 CHAPTER V.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
https://kualitasproses.wordpress.com/pengantar-teknik-industri/

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http://www.ie.ui.ac.id/sse-ti-ui/definisi-teknik-industri-ui/

Sumber: http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknik_indu

http://adintase.blogspot.co.id/2012/04/ilmu-dasar-disiplin-teknik-

industri.html'http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknik_industri

'http://prodi-jurusan.blogspot.com/2012/09/prospek-kerja-teknik-industri.html