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Legal Aspects of Marine Environment Pollution by Oil

 
  
 




    
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Legal Aspects of Marine Environment Pollution by Oil


‫إاد س إاه د‬
‫" !  ري‬#$‫ر ی‬$ ‫إاف ا'آ‬
Abstract

This study aims to shed light on the reality of oil pollution, gravity and the laws and
international agreements of oil pollution, the study also aims to describe the most
important methods and measures that reduce oil pollution in both international level
and local level, through study's questions, which focused on the concept of pollution,
the marine environment and oil and the consequences of oil pollution and solutions to
avoid this phenomenon, title of the study has been chosen based on the great
importance and high risk of oil pollution on human life, animals and plants (on
environment in general) and on marine pollution in determent in addition to the
negative impact on the economy, the study reaches results that the environment from
a legal perspectives the natural framework in which to accommodate humans,
animals, plants and natural factors to maintain these objects through the process of
balance between them, the study found the recommendations that most important to
be adding a new article by the Constitution of Kuwait required the State to preserve
the environment of all kinds, and to highlight the importance of maintaining it, like
many constitutions which conferred constitutional protection of the environment such
as the constitution of Egypt, and the Basic Law in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The
study also found the need for the Kuwaiti legislature enacted legislation to a special
law to the environment, interfere with the report of the special provisions to address
the civil liability arising from pollution of the environment, away from the referral to
the general rules of the Civil Code, and that the Kuwaiti legislator collected texts
scattered in different pieces of legislation which relates to the protection of the
environment in one piece of legislation so as to facilitate reference, so as to achieve
the desired protection of the environment.
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77. 1 "l'origine de la pollution. Que peut ettre la conseeqqquence


d'une activitee normale et admissible"

78. 1 I'article 434-idu code rural.. il a son origine dans une loi du 15
AVR. 1829, don't l'article 25 punissait d' une amende de 30 a 100
F.U. et d'un emprisonnement d' un trios mois le braconnage par
empoisonnement de riviere.

79. 1 La victim d'un dommage ne peut en obtenir reparation que si


elle arrive a demo que celli – ci trouve directement son origine
dans la faute".

80. 1 V.J.C.P. 1972. III. ART. 1382/1383, precite. No 84.

81. J. Barros and D.M. Johnston, (1974), "The international law of


pollution" the free press, new York.

82. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2/8/2006.

83. A guide to contingency planning for oil spills on water,(2000)


IPIECA report series volume two, 2nd addition, Mar.

84. Oil spill responder safety guide,( 2002) IPIECA report series
volume eleven, .

85. James R. Fleming; Bethany R. (2006), Knorr of Colby


College. History of the Clean Air Act. American Meteorological
Society.

86. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2/8/2006.

87. www.zone.biomapegypt.org/hiaa/showthread.php.

88. Paul D. Bradly., Marine oil spills, (1974), Natural resources


Journal. Vol, 140, july,

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