Music
images as waterfalls, and fireworks.”
Music of The 20th Century
- The 20th century marked the invention of the
Gramophone records. The mass market of this invention
made musical compositions available to many. Prior to
this period, during the 19th century, only the elites or
the rich could listen to live classical music concerts in
theatres.
- When the Phonograph was invented and mass
produced sometime in 1890s, both the middle class and
the lower class could have the chance to listen to less
expensive recorded concerts.
Expressionism
- Modernist style that started in Germany at the
beginning of the 20th century and was initially an
expression in painting and poetry.
- This evokes moods and ideas which the artists seeks
to express meaning or emotional experience rather
than the physical reality.
- Conveys true emotions in exaggeration through the
application of atonality and dissonance or lack of
agreement and consistency in music.
- One of the most famous composer who applied this
technique is Arnold Schoenberg.
Arnold Schoenberg
- Great American composer born in Austria on
September 13, 1874 and died in Los Angeles,
California, USA on July 13, 1951.
- As a composer, his method organizing his music was
the use of 12 different tones. Which was greatly
influenced by the modern technique and development
in composition during that era.
1. A Survivor From Warsaw
2. Moses and Aron
3. Five Pieces of Orchestra
4. Suite for Piano
5. Chamber Symphony No. 1
Impressionism
- Impressionist music may be described generally as
having refinement, delicacy, and vagueness. Just like
the effect of impressionistic painting. This type of music
projects a hazy atmosphere and dreamlike quality.
- Popular examples of impressionist music are the works
of Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel of France. Their
music are those that have sounds that “call forth such
- In the Philippines, Dr. Antonio Molino was one of the
20th century Filipino composers who wrote art music. He
was called the “Claude Debussy of the Philippines” for
first introducing several important devices of
impressionist music.
Characteristics of Impressionism in Music
1. The rhythm of impressionism music is irregular
in terms of phrases.
2. It avoids the traditional harmonic progression.
3. It has unresolved dissonance.
4. It uses the whole-tone scale, uses the 9 th chord,
and also frequently uses modality and exotic
scales.
Claude Debussy (1862 – 1918)
- Achille-Claude Debussy was born in France on the
22nd of August 1862. His parents were Manuel-Achille
Debussy and Victourine Manoury Debussy’s mother
was a very independent woman who kept him and two
of his siblings in the care of her mother’s sister in law.
He was the favorite among the siblings and was sent to
his formal school at the Paris Conservatoire at the age
of 10.
1. La Mer
2. Clair De Lune
3. Children’s Corner
4. Petite Suite
5. Nocturnes
6. Syrinx
Maurice Ravel (1875 – 1973)
- Joseph Maurice Ravel was born on March 7, 1875 to
Marie Delourat and Joseph Ravel in the town of
Ciboure, France. He was baptized in a catholic
ceremony in the local parish church of Saint Vincent,
and then after three months, he and his family moved
to Paris.
- Maurice Ravel’s deepest emotional tie of his entire life
was his attachment to his mother who sang Spanish
folk melodies to him, and through her, he inherited a
love of the basque country, its people, and its folklore.
As well as a deep sympathy for the music of Spain.
1. Miroirs
2. Bolero
3. Sonatine
 4. La Valse
5. Daphnis El Chloe
6. Frontispice

Dissonance
- Is the lack of agreement and consistency in the
progress in the progress of harmony in music.

Modality
- Is derived from the word “Modal”, a general term
used with reference to melodic and harmonic
formations based on the church modes.

Electronic Music
- Electronic music came about as a result of the
transition from traditional music instruments and the
use of recording materials like vinyl records, compact
cassettes, and compact discs to the current digital
technology in music and recording.
- Process of creating music using computers in
synthesizing or producing digital audio signals. Using the
electronic way of producing sound, music is produced
out of range of traditional music instruments, it can
also create other sounds from nature and environment
which are of larger range, higher pitch, and with
different qualities of sound. The musical sounds that
are produced or composed can be played at a slow
speed, fast speed, and can be forwarded or rewound.

Edgar Victor Achille Charles Varese

- Is considered as the “Father of Electronic Music”. He is
an French composer who spent most of his career and
life in the United States of America.
- Varese’s music highlights rhythm and timber. He was
the proponent of the word “organized sound”, which
means grouping of rhythms and timbers to define
music itself. He added one layer of sound to the
polyphony to create a new form of sound.
1. Ionisation
2. Arcana
3. Hyperprism
4. Nocturnal
5. Ecuatorial
6. Tuning up
Arts
Style
- Styles surround us in our daily lives. We can easily
identify specific styles of cars, kind of stores, and even
brand name of different goods.
Impressionism
1. Impressionist paint quickly in order to capture
the “Impression” of the subject right at the
moment. As you can tell, impressionists are
much more interested in conveying mood and
atmosphere with their painting than creating a
detailed and lifelike replica of their subject.
2. Time and Motion are also conscious elements in
the works of the impressionists. They
concentrate on painting the changes in color
and shape caused by light at different times of
the day. In this way, impressionists are known
to work like scientists because they want to
catch the true effect of daylight on an object.
3. They also prefer painting outdoors because they
believe that the color of shade is influenced by
the surrounding colors, and therefore, must
shine and filter through the scene and flood
onto the objects in the painting.
Claude Monet
- The true pioneer of the impressionists--- he was
constantly exploring.
- “What do I see and how do I record it in painting?”
- Monet had a long lasting fascination in observing and
painting light and nature. Many of his beautiful
paintings show places in the garden he created for
himself and his wife. He would stay for long hours at
different times of day in his garden to paint it.
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
- Studied painting with several other painters who
became known as the impressionists. Renoir like to
paint lively groups of figures. He usually used the maids
in his house as his models. Renoir’s pictures were full of
sketchy patches of colors and contrasts of light and
shade. Renoir painted more than 6,000 paintings. Even
when he became crippled in old age, he carried on
painting by wedging brushes between his twisted
fingers.
Expressionism
- At the beginning at the 20th century. Some artists who
have been connected with impressionism began to find
fault with it. They felt that art should present a more
personal, expressive view of life. In Germany, the view
was eagerly accepted by several groups of artists. The
art movement in which artworks conveyed strong
feelings was called EXPRESSIONISM.
Edvard Munch
- Munch was the best known forerunner of
expressionism. His early life was tortured by sickness,
death, insanity, unhappy love affairs, and guilt--- A
classic way to understand his paintings.
Wassily Kandinsky
- Started out as a realistic painter but was among the
first to make truly abstract art in which color and form
take on an expressive life. Kandinsky believed that
shape, line, and color have emotional properties
capable of conveying heightened feelings.
Cubism
- One of the most influential art styles of the 20 th
century, which radically broke away from the long-
standing tendency in art to attempt to create the
illusion of a real three-dimensional space from a fixed
viewpoint on the two dimensional canvas.
- Cubist artists and cubism art, in fact, emphasized the
two-dimensional nature of the canvas instead of
creating the illusion of depth.
- They achieved this by not using perspective and using
tone (light and shadow) in a different way. By breaking
down objects into different planes, the artists showed
different points of view at the same time, in the same
space, as such suggesting their three dimensional form
while also pointing to the two-dimensional flatness of
the canvas.
Two Founders of Cubism
- Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque started with the
idea that all shapes in nature are based on geometric
shapes--- the sphere, the cone, and the cylinder. The
idea was unprecedented. For the first time, a shift from
focus on subject matter to the “abstract” properties of
line, shape, and composition became the new way of
seeing the world for artists. In this way, an art of the
senses was replaced by an art of the mind.
- Cubist fractured the laws of perspective by breaking
up space into jagged planes without a sense of logic---
even presenting the eye of one figure from a frontal
view and face in profile. Or, as in the case of the cubist
Georges Braque, by reducing architecture to its
geometric forms and reassembling them as faceted
planes that are comparable to “little cubes”. In
sculpture, the idea was to create an object that could be
assembled from multiple views---from the top, the side,
and the front.

How Did Cubism Influence Filipino Artists? Who Are

Some Famous Filipino Cubists?
- The distinctive themes and style that made use of the
geometric fragmentation technique in the work of early
Filipino cubists contributed significantly to the
introduction of modern art in the Philippines. Some of
these artists were Vicente Manansala, Cesar Legaspi,
and Cenon Rivera.
PE 8. Eat clean and safe food.
9. Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages.
Aside from being overweight or obese, the following are
the other risk factors related to lifestyle diseases:
1. Family history or premature heart disease
2. Cigarette smoking
3. Alcohol use
4. Physical inactivity
5. Unhealthy diet

Lifestyle Diseases
1. High blood Pressure
- It is also known as hypertension. It may
increase your risk of heart diseases, stroke,
kidney disease, and congestive heart failure.
- It can be controlled by having regular physical
exercise, losing excess weight, changing eating
habits, and less salt food intake.
2. High Blood Cholesterol
- It can lead to plaque in arteries which may also
cause the risk of heart attack.
- You can lower your high blood cholesterol by
engaging in some physical activities in some
physical activities, by eating less saturated and
trans fat and through weight management.
3. Diabetes
- No matter what type, it means you have too
much glucose in your blood, although the
reasons may differ. Too much glucose can lead
to serious health problems.
- You can prevent diabetes by reducing your
calorie intake and getting regular physical
exercise.

What nutritional guidelines can be observed as

part of healthful eating habits?
1. Eat a variety of food every day.
2. Maintain children’s normal growth through
proper diet and monitor their growth
regularly.
3. Consume fish, lean meat, poultry, and dried
beans.
4. Eat more vegetables, fruits, and root crops.
5. Eat a variety of food cooked in edible or
cooking oil.
6. Consume milk, milk products, and other
food rich in calcium.
7. Used Iodized salt but avoid excessive intake
of salty food.
Health
Consumer Health
- Buying health products and services.
- Knowing the facts and having deeper understanding
that enable people to make wise choices.
- Health information, health products, and health
services are all relating to bringing consumer health.
Health Consumer
- Someone who examines health information in
products and services.
- Consumer is the one who purchases and utilizes the
goods and services.
Health Information
- Everything that is seen, read, or heard in relation to
human and community health.
- In the form of print media, electronic and digital
media.
Health Products
1. Over-the-counter (OTC) Drugs
2. Cosmetic Products
A. Skin Care Products
B. Hair Care Products
C. Oral Care Products
Health Services
- Activities that are done to assess, maintain, or improve
the individual’s health can be considered as health
services.
- Include the diagnosis and the treatment of illness,
injuries, or disabilities.
How are health services evaluated?
 Location of service points; effectiveness of
doctors, clinics, and hospitals;
 Promptness and kindness when caring for
patients and family members;
 Ease of access to the authorization forms for
consultations;
 Price; and
 Diversity of available doctors; clinics, and
hospitals.
Who are the health professionals?
 Medical specialists, dental specialists, nurses,
and mental health professionals are some of
the health professionals who are engaged in
providing solutions to health related problems.
Health Services Providers
 The word “herbs” refers to any plant or part of
a plant. Thus, herbal medicine refers to the use
of plants or parts of plants like stems, roots,
barks, seeds, leaves, flowers, and fruits for
medical purposes.
Ventosa
 It is an alternative medicine in which glasses are
placed on some important points at the back of
a person.
Reflexology
 Another type of alternative medicine. It is done
by applying pressure to the feet, ears, or hands
by means of the thumb or particular finger.
Naturopathy
 It is used from the word “nature”, uses natural
ways to treat a patient.
 The physicians who employ this kind of
treatment try to restore the balance of the
mind and body of patients.
Massage Therapy
 Another form of alternative medicine that is
known to improve one’s well-being.
Quakery
 Promotion of false and unproven health
products and services for a profit.
Some of the claims of these health products are:
1. A scientific breakthrough
2. To have a secret ingredient/procedure
3. Being a miraculous cure
4. Wide range of illness
Quack
 It is a person or company involved in health
fraud which usually tries hard to appear
scientific.
Health Fraud
  It is an advertising, promoting, and selling of
products and services that have not been
scientifically proven safe and effective.

Alternative Medicine
 Includes the following: herbal preparations,
food supplements, massage therapy, and other
considered to complement regular medicine.

Herbal Medicine
 The word “Herb” refers to any plant or part of a
plant.
 “Herbal medicine” refers to the use of plants or
plants like stems, roots, barks, seeds, leaves,
flowers and fruits for medical purposes.

10 Philippine Medical Plants Approved by DOH

1. Ampalaya (Bitter Gourd)
 As a supplement in treating diabetes, burns,
coughs, and hemorrhoids.
2. Acapulko (Acapulco)
 For the treatment of insect bites, itchiness,
ringworms, infections, scabies.
3. Bayabas (Guava)
 Used as antioxidant, anti-allergy, antimicrobial,
and anti-diabetic drug.
4. Bawang ( Garlic)
 As a supplement in reducing blood cholesterol
level; used also as antibacterial and anti
inflammatory drug.
5. Lagundi ( Five-leaved chaste tree)
 For the treatment of cough, colds, and fever.
6. Nyog-nyogan (Chinese honeysuckle)
 For the elimination of intestinal parasites.
7. Sambong (Blumea)
 As a supplement in treating hypertension,
kidney stones, rheumatism cough and colds.
8. Tsaang Gubat (Wild Tea)
 For the treatment of skin allergies.
9. Ulasimang Bato or Pansit-pansitan (Peperomia
Pellucida)
 For treating arthritis or gout.
10. Yerbabuena (Peppermint)
 For insect bites, coughs and colds.