SAN FERNANDO, PAMPANGA

Name: JOHN PAOLO BAYRO LACANILAO (04210003511)

Section: MEDTECH 2-Y1-IRREG
Subject: CLINICAL BACTERIOLOGY - LECTURE

WEEK 8: INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENTS

Differentiate Staphylococci to Streptococci?

Staphylococci does not need enriched media (not fastidious) and found on the skin.
Streptococci needs enriched media (fastidious) and are found in the respiratory tract.
https://microbiologyinfo.com/differences-between-staphylococcus-and-streptococcus/

What are Microcci?

Micrococci are microbiologically characterized as gram-positive cocci, 0.5 to 3.5 μm
(micrometres; 1 μm = 10-6 metre) in diameter. Micrococci are usually not pathogenic. They are
normal inhabitants of the human body and may even be essential in keeping the balance among
the various microbial flora of the skin.
https://www.britannica.com/science/Micrococcus

What do you mean by CoNS? Give 5 examples, then, define and differentiate each.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are a type of staph bacteria that commonly live on a
person’s skin. Doctors typically consider CoNS bacteria harmless when it remains outside the
body. However, the bacteria can cause infections when present in large amounts, or when
present in the bloodstream.
EXAMPLE:
STAPHYLOCOCCUS CHROMOGENES - is a Gram-positive, coagulase-negative member of
the bacterial genus Staphylococcus consisting of clustered cocci. The species is associated with
mastitis in dairy animals.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS - is a Gram-positive bacterium, and one of over 40 species
belonging to the genus Staphylococcus. It is part of the normal human flora, typically the skin
flora, and less commonly the mucosal flora. It is a facultative anaerobic bacterium.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS HAEMOLYTICUS - is a member of the coagulase-negative staphylococci.
It is part of the skin flora of humans, and its largest populations are usually found at the axillae,
perineum, and inguinal areas. S. haemolyticus also colonizes primates and domestic animals.

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STAPHYLOCOCCUS SIMULANS - is a Gram-positive, coagulase-negative member of the
bacterial genus Staphylococcus consisting of single, paired, and clustered cocci.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS XYLOSUS (most common species) - is a species of bacteria belonging to
the genus Staphylococcus. It is a Gram-positive bacterium that forms clusters of cells. Like most
staphylococcal species, it is coagulase-negative and exists as a commensal on the skin of
humans and animals and in the environment.

What are Enterococci?

Enterococci are gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short chains
and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics alone. Two species
are common commensal organisms in the intestines of humans: E. faecalis (90–95%) and E.
faecium (5–10%).
Enterococci are most transmitted due to poor hygiene. Since it is naturally present in the
gastrointestinal tract, E. faecalis is found in fecal matter. Improper cleaning of items containing
fecal matter, or not washing hands after restroom use, can increase the risk of bacterial
transmission
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318337

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