Types of
by the Speaker.
Communication
Strategy
NOMINATION
 A speaker carries out nomination to
collaboratively and productively
establish a topic. Basically, when you
employ this strategy, you try to open a
topic with the people you are talking
to.
 Presenting a particular topic clearly,
truthfully, and saying only what is
relevant.
 It is a strategy that can also be applied
any time during the course of an
interaction as a way of continuing the
communication. When this strategy is
used, the topic is introduced in a clear
and truthful manner, stating only what
is relevant to keep the interaction
focused.
o "Do you have anything to
say?"
o "Have you heard the news
about the prettiest girl in
school?"
o "Now, it’s your turn to ask
questions."
o "Does that make sense to
you?"
RESTRICTION
 Restriction in communication refers to
any limitation you may have as a
speaker.  speak one at a time, so we can
 constraining the response or reaction
within a set of categories
 strategy that constrains or restricts the
Response of the other person involved
in the Communication Situation. The
Listener is forced to respond only
within a set of categories that is made
o In your class, you might be
asked by your teacher to
brainstorm on peer pressure.
o When you were asked to
deliver a speech in a specific
language. 
TURN-TAKING
 Turn-taking pertains to the process by
which people decide who takes the
conversational floor. There is a code
of behavior behind establishing and
sustaining a productive conversation,
but the primary idea is to give all
communicators a chance to speak.
 Recognizing when and how to speak
because it is one’s turn
 Requires that each Speaker speaks
only when it is his/ her turn during
interaction. Knowing when to talk
depends on watching out for the
verbal and nonverbal cues that signal
the next Speaker that the previous
Speaker has finished or the topic
under discussion has been exhausted
and a new topic may be introduced. At
the same time, it also means that
others should be given the opportunity
to take turn. Turn-taking
Communicative Strategy uses either
an informal approach (just jump in
and start talking) or a formal approach
(permission to speak is requested).
o Can we all listen to the one who
talk in front of us? 
o "Excuse me? I think we should
clearly understand what we
want to say about the topic."
o "Go on with your ideas. I'll let
you finish first before I say
something."
 TOPIC CONTROL
 Topic control covers how procedural
formality and informality affects the
development of topics in
conversation. This only means that
when a topic is initiated, it should be
collectively developed by avoiding
unnecessary
interruptions and topic shifts.
 Keeping the interaction going by
asking questions and eliciting a
response.
 This is simply a question-answer
formula that moves the discussion
forward. This also allows the Listener
or other participants to take turns,
contribute ideas, and continue the
discussion.
o "One of the essential lessons I
gained from the discussion is
the importance of sports and
wellness to a healthy lifestyle."
TOPIC SHIFTING
 end the interaction
 Topic shifting, as the name
suggests, involves moving from one
topic to another. In other words, it is
where one part of a conversation ends
and where begins.  quick and short. Sometimes it is
 Introducing a new topic followed by
the continuation of that topic
 Strategy that is useful in introducing
another topic. This strategy works best
when there is follow-through so that
new topic continues to be discussed.
o "By the way, there's a new
shop opening at the mall"
o “In addition to what you said
about the beautiful girl is that
she is also smart."
REPAIR
 Repair refers to how speaker address
the problems in speaking, listening,
and comprehending that they may
encounter in a conversation. 
 overcoming communication
breakdown to send more
comprehensible messages.
o "Excuse me, but there are 5
Functions of Communication
not 4."
o "I'm sorry, the word should
be pronounced as pretty not
priti."
TERMINATION
 Termination refers to the conversation
participants’ close-initiating
expressions that end a topic in a
conversation. 
 Using verbal and nonverbal signals to
 Ends the interaction through verbal
and nonverbal Messages that both
Speaker and Listener send to each
other. Sometimes the Termination is
prolonged by clarification, further
questions, or the continuation of the
topic already discussed, but the point
of the language and body movement is
to end the communication.
o "Best regards to your parents!
See you around!
o “It was nice meeting you.
Bye!"
o "That is all for today class,
goodbye!"
PRE-TEST
 your communication is hassled
up..
1. A. Nomination
2. B. Topic-Shifting
Clarity of purpose: You are not
3. D. Repair
sure about what to talk about .
4. B. Restriction
5. IDK
Flowing into the emotions:
6. C. Topic-Control
Sometimes you are so full of
7. C. Give instructions before the
feelings that you fail to convey
meeting starts to confine and limit
what you mean actually . Feelings
what they can say.
can be of anger, love, frustration,
8. C. "Excuse me, can you please
irritation etc .
repeat the question?”
9. A. "I will hear your suggestion
after you listen to my plan.”
for being misunderstanding to
10. A. "Did you know that washing
each other and to address is you
your hands with soap for 20
must clarify your words it is
seconds will protect you from
correct to can avoid problems that
Corona Virus?”
you encountered
11. D. "Everyone will be heard. Let’s
begin with you, Nathan.”
12. B. “Let me say it once again...
Simply thank them for their time
This is what I mean...”
and excuse yourself. “It's been
13. C. "Thank you for your time. It’s
great talking with you. I have to
nice talking with you. See you
go, but I hope we get the chance to
next time.”
chat again.” That's all you need.
14. A. "Why did you transfer to our
...
school?”
“Oh, Look at the Time”; I have to
Run”!
If you want to start a conversation
“Can you hold on, I have to Pee
with someone from anywhere,
Really Bad”!
start by greeting them and asking
“That's Very Interesting; Hold that
how's your day going, then say
Thought, I'll be Right Back”!
your guys name, and then start
asking each other questions.
Eventually when the two of you
asks questions, you guys will start
talking.

Lack of organisation in thoughts :

You communicate with people in
order to propagate your thoughts
and when they are not in harmony,