ORAL COMMUNICATION IN CONTEXT

LESSON 1: Nature and Process of communication

What is Communication?

C ommunication is a process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another
within and across channels, context, media, and cultures. There is a wide variety of contexts and situations
in which communication can be manifested; it can be a face-to-face interaction, a phone conversation, a group
discussion, a meeting or interview, a letter correspondence, a class recitation, and many more.

Nature of Communication

1. Communication is a process.
2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver)
3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions (nonverbal), or both spoken
words and nonverbal actions at the same time.

Let’s take a closer look at the illustration on how the communication process takes place in any given
situation.

Diagram 2: The Daphne and Rico friendship and love story

Process of Communication Example

The speaker Daphne loves Rico, her suitor, as a friend

The speaker encodes an idea or She thinks of how to tell him using their native
converts the idea into words or language.
actions.

The speaker transmits or sends out a She tells him, “Rico, mahal kita bilang
message. kaibigan.”

The receiver gets the message. Rico hears what Daphne says.

The receiver decodes or interprets He tries to analyse what she means based on
the message based on the context. the content and their relationship and he is
heartbroken.

He frowns and does not say something,

The receiver sends or provides because he is in pain.
feedback
Activity 1. A Real Sample
Now that you know what communication is and how it works, list down real examples of
communication that occurs around you. Do it on a separate sheet of paper/activity notebook.
What Where Who How
Talking with friends In school You and your You share your
friends experiences and
feelings.

Activity 2. Show the Process

Following the process of communication, write a scenario on how the process is done in actual
conversation. You can choose from the samples you have listed in Activity 1 table. Do it on a separate sheet of
paper/activity notebook.

Activity 3. Scribble and Speak Up!

Let us apply what you have learned by doing this activity. WRITE an introduction of yourself to others
in a way that will make them understand you easily. Write down what you will say in the box below. Then, be
ready to SPEAK UP in front of the camera. Record your introduction for 2-3mins. and post to EDMODO wall
or send in messenger.
Lesson 2: Elements of Communication

1. Sender
The sender is also known as the source of the message or information. The sender is responsible for
making putting meaning into his/her message. A sender is also known as the speaker or encoder.
2. Message
The message is the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions. As in
the illustration above, the message is all about communication which is lesson of the day. The message
by the way is an important element that is being shared by the sender and the receiver.
3. Encoding
 This is referring to the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the
speaker understands. The sender is also considered as the encoder in the illustration shown because it is
her who puts meaning into her message.
4. Channel
The channel is the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or nonverbal, wherein
the encoded message is conveyed.
5. Decoding
Decoding is the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver. The receiver
analyzes the message received before giving his/her response.
6. Receiver
The receiver acts as the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message.
7. Feedback
Feedbacks are the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver. It could come in many
forms. It could be through words, gestures, or actions.
8. Context
The context is the environment where communication takes place. It is a communication situation.
9. Barrier
Barriers are also called noise in communication. These are factors that affect the flow of
communication. Students’ talking to one another while the class discussion is going may distract the
attention of other students, or someone who has a toothache may not be able to concentrate at the
meeting.
Activity : Find the Elements
Read the sample telephone conversation below and afterwards, identify the elements found in the
conversation.

Identify the elements found in the conversation above.

Sender:
Encoding:
Message:
Receiver
Decoding:
Channel:
Context:
Feedback:
Barrier:

Lesson 3: Functions of Communication

1. REGULATION/CONTROL
  Communication can be used to control human behavior. It can be used to regulate the nature and amount
of activities humans engage in. It ranges from simple requests to laws governing countries and large

2. SOCIAL INTERACTION

 Social interaction refers to the use of communication to socialize or interact with other people.

 We use it every day when we hold conversations with our friends or classmates, or when we express how we feel
when we felt offended or when we feel happy and state our opinion

3. EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION
 Emotional expression as a function of communication refers to the use of expressions such as love, fear, anger,
joy, hope, or any other emotion.
 Emotional expression is also a form of communication. As with how you talk with someone depending on your
relationship with that person, emotional expression can also be communicated differently depending on how
emotionally close you are to the person.
4. MOTIVATION
 Motivation as a function of communication refers to a person using language to express desires, needs,
wants, likes and dislikes, inclinations, choices, and aspirations.
5. INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
 It is the most basic function of communication that provides data and information for effective completion of
tasks, solution of problems, and elimination of uncertainty.
 Information exchange is the core reason why we communicate. Information is needed for an individual to build a
harmonious relationship with others and with its environment. Information and communication will always be
linked to each other.

Activity. Personal Matter

DIRECTION: Cite an example situation where you used the given functions of communication. Write your answers on
the rectangular callout. Do it on your activity notebook.

For example:

Control- My mother scolded me. Her anger made me keep quiet.

Activity: Write Away

Choose just one of the scenarios you have mentioned in Activity: Personal Matter and explain the
scenario involving you in not less than 100 words and how that particular FUNCTION of communication become
so significant in your life.