|CHAPTER 17 -Keys Key is a machine member employed at the interface of Pair of a mating male and female circular cross-sectioned members to prevent relative angular motion between these mating. Keyway is a female mating member which forms a groove in the shaft to which the key fits. COMPRESSED: AREA OF THE KEY hf w SHEARED AREA OF THE KEY SSIFICATIONS OF KEYS 1. Constant cross-section 2. Variable cross-sections T.Square Key 3. Round Key 2.Flat Key 4. Bart Key OF CONSTANT CROSS-SECTIONED KEYS Square Key Flat Keyeh Sl a 222 Chapter 17 - Keys ** % MACHINE DESIGN FORMULAS 223 F DESIGN CALCULATION 1, Shearing Stress on the KEY f Round Key Barth Key where: MS TYPES OF VARIABLE CROSS-SECTIONED KEYS S, = shearing i 4. Woodruff key stress, MP2 or Psi 2. Saddle key F = applied force = 3. Gib-head key or load , Nor ib L = length of : the key , 7 or in. TYPES OF VARIABLE CROSS-SECTIONED KEYS W= widthiof the key san on a : D = diameter of the shaft, mm or in. T = torque, W-mm_ or /b-in. 2. Compressive Stress on the KEY Ee + We where: S< = compressive stress, MPa or Psi F = applied force or load , Wor ib L = length of the key , mm or in. h = thickness of the key, mm or in. D = diameter of the shaft, mm or in, T = torque, WV-mm_ or /b-in. OTHER TYPES OF KEY 1. Feather Key 2, Kennedy Key 3. Pin Key Note: When power is transmitted from one shaft to another, machine member 3. For Square KEY such as pulleys and gears are needed. These machine members are normally fastened to the shafts by means of keys. As the power & | transmitted, the key is subjected to shearing as well as compression while the shaft and hub are subjected to compression. = pa cn a Ne a 2. a, = = -—224 Chapter 17 - Keys * Se Se 1 where: D = diameter, mm or in. W = width, mm or in. 4. Dimension of KEYS made of Same Material When the key is made of the same material as the shaft 7 the length of the key required to transmit the full power — capacity of the shaft is determined by equating the shear © strength of the key to the torsional shear strength of the shaft. thus; where: L = length of the key w = width of the key D = shaft diameter 5. The Factor of Safety on KEYS If the factor of safety is given the compressive and shearing stresses on the keys can be computed as follows: where: S\s = Yield shearing stress of the key, MPa or pst Sye = yield strength in compression of the weakest three members , MPa or psi FS = factor of safety S; = shearing stress, MPa or psi S. = compressive stress, MPa or psi a TYPES OF LOADING Emcor Loading | ey Loading | HINE DESIGN FORMULAS suggested Factor of Safety on Yield Strength FACTOR OF SAFETY 225 be ey Ie