REVIEW 2 – TEST 1

Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition(s) or particle(s).

1. This soup is too hot to eat. I’ll wait for it to cool ____________ .
2. Tim is seventeen and at the moment he doesn’t care very much ______________
anything except clothes.
3. Last year Ross was charged _______________ a variety of crimes, including assault
and car theft.
4. Tom is falling ________________ his work at school.
5. It’s a long journey so remember to fill _____________ the petrol tank before you go.
6. Luckily, the bomb which went ________________ near the bank last Friday didn’t
kill anyone.
7. One of them was injured so the team had to drop ________________ the competition.
8. A car suddenly pulled ________________ in front of me and I couldn’t stop in time.
9. Don’t worry. The pain should wear ________________ fairly soon.
10. Luckily, the rain held ________________ so we were able to play the match.
Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided in
the column on the right. (0) has been done as an example.
Dealing with phobias
Do you feel hysterical at the thought of spiders? Do you start to shake if you think
that you might have to touch cotton wool? It is estimated that between three to five
million Britons suffers from such phobias, and the (0) majority (MAJOR) of these
people do not (1) _______ (GO) any form of treatment. Most (2)_______
(RATION) fears begin in the first instance as mild forms of (3) _______
(ANXIOUS), and only develop gradually into (4)_______ (BLOWN) phobias. They
seem to be becoming increasingly frequent in all expansion of technology, people
who are (5)_________ (CUSTOM) to controlling their (6) _______ (STYLE) with
the push of a button panic when things go wrong. Men are less likely to suffer from
such fears than women, but attempts by either men or women simply to
(7)_________ (REGARD) them can exacerbate the problem.
Nowadays, however, phobias can be treated. The easiest option is prescription drugs,
which effectively control the physical symptoms, but may have (8)_______
(DESIRE) side-effects. The other option is behavioural therapy, in which you
gradually learn to (9)_______ (COME) your fear through facing up to it. This is a
safe and lasting (10)______ (ALTERNATIVE) to drug treatment.
Read the following text and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE
word in each gap. (0) has been done as an example.
The Fight for the Summit
At 1.30 on May 12 1988, at the British mountaineer Stephen Venables was confronted
(0) with an agonizing dilemma. (1)___________ an epic, month-long ascent of the
Kangshung face of Everest, he had reached the final staging point before the summit
itself. He was hours (2)_________ schedule, close to exhaustion and utterly alone, his
companions (3)_______ fallen far behind. He knew that if he did decide to push

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(4)__________, he would have to spend a night on the mountainside in plunging
temperatures, (5)_________ frostbite almost inevitable and his very survival
(6)_____________ stake.
As he wondered whether to continue or turn back, Venables saw the final section
of the summit ridge, recognizing it (7)_____________ the photograph taken by the
(8)_____________ climbers ever to reach the summit during the British ascent in 1953.
Venables later said that it was the mythology of the place and a chance to become part
of it that willed him on. He arrived on the summit two hours later, waiting just ten
minutes (9)_____________ starting his descent. He (10)_____________ indeed suffer
frostbite, and almost died as he struggled back to base camp. Later he had three toes
amputated – but resolved to carry on climbing.
Read the following passage and answer the questions. (15 points)
London’s Cycle Hire Scheme
A London is a ‘world city’: one of the most important economic and financial hubs of
the world. It has a population of around eight million people and contains hundreds
of iconic buildings which are recognized the world over. London receives around 20
million visitors each year, a large proportion from overseas, who mingle with further
millions of people who travel into the city from a wide area to work in the central
area. It is frequently rated as providing the most satisfying ‘cultural experience’ for
visitors to any city.
B One of the challenges involved in managing (and living in) such a city is the ability
to move people efficiently around it, for the purposes of work and leisure, and at
reasonable cost. The London black cab is one response to this problem, but it also
contributes to the number of vehicles that are on the roads. The much quoted result of
millions of daily vehicle movements is a very low average speed for traffic on
London’s roads and frequent congestion problems.
C Many cities have taken steps to reduce the amount of traffic on the roads by adopting
a range of measures which can broadly be described as either ‘carrots’ or ‘sticks’:
those which either promote, or discourage certain activity. London has already been
forced into trying a number of measures to reduce traffic congestion. These have
included:
• Traffic management systems which included the world’s first traffic light. It was
installed outside the Houses of Parliament in 1868 to reduce congestion in this
area.
• An underground system which was the first in the world. The first section opened
in 1863, and the network is still developing. Since 2003, it has been managed by
Transport for London. The classic London Tube map forms part of the city’s
cultural heritage, and has been much copied and adapted elsewhere.
• The Cross Rail development: due to provide high frequency rail services through
two new tunnels under Central London from 2017.

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 • The congestion charging system – introduced in 2003, and extended in 2007 –
charges many motorists (there are some exemptions) £10 to enter the central
charging zone between 7 a.m. – 6 p.m. Monday to Friday.
• The Oyster card – an automated charging system which speeds up the use of public
transport using a specially chipped card, which can be pre-charged with ‘credit’.
D The latest solution is the Barclays London Cycle Hire Scheme. In 2010, London
joined a growing list of cities that had turned to the bicycle for a possible solution to
traffic congestion. Cities like Amsterdam have long since been associated with
bicycles. Other cities that already have cycle hire schemes include Copenhagen and
Barcelona. In Paris, the system is known as the Velib scheme, a word which merges
the word for bicycle with freedom. It is funded by advertising. The London scheme
was launched on the 30th July 2010 with an initial total of 5,000 bikes spread around
315 locations, with plans for further extensions. The bikes are fairly robust so that
they can withstand the knocks of daily use. They are fitted with dynamo-powered
LED lights, have three gears, a chain guard and a bell. Each bike is also fitted with a
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) chip, so that its location can be tracked. The
bikes have puncture-proof tyres and are regularly checked over for mechanical faults.
E It is hoped that people will experience London in a more direct way. instead of
descending into the earth, they will cycle the streets and thus gain ‘a different view’
of London and improve their own mental maps of the city. They will also be getting
exercise, which in an age of soaring obesity rates can only be a good thing, can’t it?
Enough reading, time for you to get out there and start pedalling!
Choose the most suitable headings for sections A – E from the list of headings
below. Write the appropriate numbers (i – ix) next to the sections. There are more
headings than sections, so you will not use them all.
List of headings
i Current and past actions
ii Congestion and pollution
iii Problems on the roads
iv The best city in the world
v A centre of activity
vi The many benefits of cycling
vii Cycling in European cities
viii A new initiative
ix Rail systems
1. Section A ________
2. Section B ________
3. Section C ________
4. Section D ________
5. Section E ________
Complete the summary below. Use ONE WORD from the reading for each gap.

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 The Barclays London Cycle Hire Scheme was started in 2010 in the hope of
providing a (6)_____________ for the existing transport issues. The money that was
necessary to have a scheme like this was sourced from (7)_____________ and allowed
London to have (8)_____________ bikes initially, but there are likely to be
(9)_____________ to the scheme. The bikes have a tracking (10)_____________, are
properly equipped and regularly maintained.

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the sentence given,
beginning as shown.
0. I'm having a lot of trouble now because I lost my passport last week.
If I hadn’t lost my passport last week, I wouldn’t be having so much trouble now .
1. When the police caught him, he was climbing over the garden wall.
The police caught __________________________________________________ .
2. It's sad, but unemployment is unlikely to go down this year.
Sad __________________________________________________ .
3. It is believed that the man escaped in a stolen car.
The man is __________________________________________________ .
4. Since we had nothing else to do, we decided to go for a walk
Having __________________________________________________ .
5. 'Nothing will persuade me to sleep in that haunted house,' she said.
She flatly __________________________________________________ .
Rewrite the sentence in such a way that it has the same meaning to the original
sentence. Do NOT change the word given. You must use between three and eight
words, including the word given. (0) has been done as an example.
0. The two situations are completely different. common
The two situations don’t have anything in common with each other.
1. Some people accept that life is full of problems. resigned
Some people __________________________________________ full of problems.
2. The company tried unsuccessfully to secure a bank loan. avail
The company’s ____________________________________________ a bank loan.
3. If they catch anyone dropping litter in Singapore, they immediately make them pay
a fine. fined
In Singapore anyone caught ________________________________________ spot.
4. Far stricter measures have been introduced to combat drug dealing. clamping
The authorities are ___________________________________ drug dealing.
5. If you don’t wear a seatbelt in the car, you may risk your life. jeopardy
Not wearing a seatbelt in the car can ___________________________ .

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