COURSE PACK 1

Historical antecedents in which social considerations changed the

course of science and technology
Practice CP1

1. Complete the matrix below by making your own ranking of the 10 inventions (from the video or
from the notes provided) according to its impact to the society.

NAME OF INVENTOR/ What could have been

DATE OF EXPLAIN THE IMPACT OF THE
INVENTION/ COUNTRY the antecedent of this
INVENTION INVENTION TO THE SOCIETY
DISCOVERY OF ORIGIN invention?
1. Medicine 1928 Alexander Because of some Medicines maintain our body’s
Fleming illnesses and diseases health, prolong our life span,
that occurred. Plague prevent us from illnesses, and
occurred and many infections from others. When
people died because people reach in their old age,
there were no available complex of several illness occurred
medicines to treat the that apart from healthy diet and
sick people. exercise, medicines are the ones
that could also help them to survive
and be completely treated
th
2. Electricity 1752 Benjamin In 18 century the Every technology exists; laptops,
Franklin majority of light was computer, cellphones, washing
produced by burning machine, rice cooker, camera,
some form of oil vehicle, machines and water these
through lanterns. all worked because of electricity.
Theaters used coal gas We use the light in dark places. We
lighting for their venues shower ourselves from the flowing
and the smell caused water in our homes that is powered
people light by electricity, and we use this to
headedness. They opted charge flashlights, phones and other
for another solution and gadgets we have to help in our
then battery existed as businesses and school works.
a close form of having
the live electricity we
have now.
3. Engine 1712 Thomas Steam pump was first Engine works in mechanical
Newcomen invented before the machines which industries used to
engine. Its purpose is to achieve productivity more
pump the water from efficiently. Without the utility of
rivers, to drive the hoist engines, it would take hours, days,
of rotary mines for and weeks for us to travel from
pulling trucks along home to workplace, school, church,
 railway tracks. It is used market, beaches, and malls.
by trains that are Because of its existence, it took us
powered by steams to faster than walking or riding a
transport from one bicycle.
place to another.
4. Computer Early 40’s Zuse Konrad Abacus was the first and Computers have this huge impact to
oldest computer that the society. As a digital tool, they
existed. It was used to are used to make and store
perform calculations by information. It holds the distance
using numbers, letters, learning or online classes be more
and signs. It used stones accessible. Tourist spots, celebrities
and beads on wooden and worldwide events, news, places
or metal tablets. in the maps, playing games,
ordering foods, and transacting
business have taken place
effectively without going out from
our homes.
5.Medical 1941 Fe del Bamboo incubator was Medical incubators are the life
Incubator Mundo used in 1941. It was savers of premature babies.
composed of two native Premature babies are incubated to
laundry baskets made help their organs form and thrive
of bamboo of different after they were out from the
sizes. The baskets were mother’s womb. They are usually
placed one inside the very weak and so they need
other. incubator to help them survive for
the first weeks of living.
6.Refrigeration 1755 William Ice harvesting was for Food preservation by the use of
Cullen centuries the only refrigeration has prevented the
method of food foods from becoming spoiled. They
refrigeration. From the are widely used in industries that
pretty primitive yet produce and sell meats, milk, ice
ingenious to modern creams, and cooked foods. They are
technology which relevant in homes especially for
allowed people to have those left-overs that can be re-
refrigerators in their heated after then.
house and not depend
on nature.
7. Compass Between 9th China Ancient travelers used Compass is a smart tool to navigate
and 11st the northern star to places for leisure, business, and
Century know the direction of family vacations. It is very
where they are headed. significant for merchants, nomads,
It helped them locate and travelers to travel places that
their destination. are safer than others and stay on
track while stopping at some places
to eat and rest.
8. Paper 2nd Century BC/ China Ancient people carved Paper stores the information,
100 BC their writings and ideas/knowledge of person: culture,
 artworks in stones and contracts, rules, notes, any types of
woods. Their messages letters that could be love, excuse,
were written in the thank you, solicitation, apology
leaves of plants to letters and etc. also for students
inform people. taking notes for studies. that were
all relevant to the masses. Forgetful
person could remember things,
cunning person couldn’t pass from
the contracts, wise person could be
wiser and these are some things
that proved paper is very
important.
9. Printing Press 1450 Johannes Before, ink by hand was The printing press effect is to
Gutenberg traditionally used to put spread or disseminate information
literatures in paper quickly to the people around the
which can took years in world. Literatures were very trendy
order to make it a book in the past and many philosophers
and be distributed by and authors ought to publish their
people. works as soon as they can and
printing press has helped them
achieve it.
10. Karaoke 1975 Roberto L. Music minus one and Karaoke holds the enjoyment in
del Rosario bands were created every party celebration. It keeps the
before. fun going for hours with drinks and
talks. Singing with friends and
family is one of their mechanisms to
cope up from stress in work,
business, and studies.

2. Discuss the importance of the invention that you have chosen as your top 1 in the list.

I choose medicine as a top 1 in my list because as timeless as it seems, health is my first priority
above all. Without the modern invention of medicines, we will constantly live in sickness and
diseases that almost everyone we could get to mingle on will be infected. It enables us to extend
our life span and thus continue to live and inspire more people. It gives us second chances if not
more of it. It makes the world a lot healthier and achieve more in life knowing that there are
medicines that could let us sleep peacefully at night, eases away stress and reduces high blood
pressure in most middle-aged men and women.