10/9/21, 1:07 PM Central Cooling System On Ships - Full Explanation

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Central Cooling System On Ships – Full Interview Preparation

Explanation
 July 15, 2020  themarinewhales  4 Comments  central cooler, central cooling system, marine systems, system of ships

Below figure shows a Central Cooling System on Ships. This system does not have cylinder cooler.

At a time only one central cooler is in use and another one is on standby mode (Let the LT water pass
through the standby central cooler also but the seawater valves of the standby cooler should be closed).

Generator jacket water/ Auxiliary engines are used to heat up the jacket water of the main engine at the Interview Preparation
time of manoeuvring because there is no Main engine heater in this system.
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Trainee Marine Engineer
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Marine Engineering
Interview Questions
 July 12, 2020  2

Trainee Marine
Purpose of Central Cooling System Engineer Interview
Questions (2020)
 July 12, 2020  0
Central Cooling System is used on ships in order to reduce the problems caused by seawater when we use
it as a cooling medium.
Interview Questions
for Trainee Marine
There are many problems cause by seawater such as corrosion, scale formation, marine growth etc. Engineers
 July 12, 2020  2
These problems can be greatly eliminated by the use of a central cooling system on ships as in this system
we use fresh water for the cooling purposes.

RELATED READ:- Plate Type of Heat Exchanger Merchant Navy Aspirants

IMU CET 2020

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10/9/21, 1:07 PM Central Cooling System On Ships - Full Explanation

Central Cooling System

One central cooler is in use and another one is on standby mode.

When the cooling efficiency goes down then there is a need to change over the present central cooler.

Two generators are always run during the manoeuvring.

This system is further divided into three systems.

    1.    Seawater system.

    2.    High-temperature freshwater system.

    3.    Low-temperature freshwater system.

Let us understand each system one by one.

RELATED READ:- Shell And Tube Type of Heat Exchanger

1. Seawater system
The seawater pump takes suction from a high or low sea chest via a sea suction strainer and a
set of valves.

The seawater pump is a dual-speed centrifugal pump i.e. they can run on both high and low
speed. The characteristics of the pumps are utilised during the manoeuvring and in the cold
areas.

The seawater pumps are two in number so that in case of failure of any one pump will not
affect the seawater circulation. The outlet valve of the pump is a non-return valve

The seawater is circulated through two central coolers and discharged into the sea by the
overboard discharge valve.

RELATED READ:- Complete Guide To Central Cooling System

2. High-temperature freshwater system

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10/9/21, 1:07 PM Central Cooling System On Ships - Full Explanation
High temperature freshwater system is circulated through the main engine and auxiliary diesel
engine by the high-temperature freshwater pumps.

The high-temperature freshwater pumps are two in number so that in case of failure of any one
pump will not affect the HT water circulation in the system. The outlet valve of the pump is a
non-return valve.

The freshwater when enters the engine is at a temperature of 65oC. It cools the jackets of the
cylinder liner, cylinder head, exhaust valve and turbocharger casing in both main engine and
auxiliary engine.

The high-temperature water, if required can be used as a heating medium for the freshwater
generator where the heat of this water is used for the evaporation of the seawater.

There is a temperature sensor on the high-temperature water line just after the HT water pump
discharge. The temperature sensor provides a signal to the controller which operates the 3-way
valve which mixes the low and high temperature water to produce the required inlet
temperature which is about 65oC.

There is a makeup line provided from the expansion tank to supply the makeup water in case of
any loss of freshwater from the system.

RELATED READ:- Jacket Water Cooling System For Main Engine

3. Low Temperature (LT) Fresh Water System

Low temperature freshwater is circulated by the low-temperature freshwater pump.

The low-temperature freshwater pumps are two in number so that in case of failure of any one
pump will not affect the seawater circulation. The outlet valve of the pump is a non-return
valve.

The pump circulates water through-

Air conditioning and refrigeration system

Compressor inter and aftercooler

Auxiliary engine coolers

Shaft bearings cooler

Hydraulic oil coolers

Main engine lube oil cooler

Main engine charge air cooler

The temperature of the freshwater is maintained at about 35oC in the central cooler. This water
after circulating through various components attains a temperature of about 45oC.

There is a three-way valve at the discharge side of the central cooler. This valve is used to
regulate the temperature of freshwater in the low-temperature system.

RELATED READ:- Water Ring Primer

What Are The Things We Need To Do If

The Temperature Falls Below 35 C? o

Sensor will sense and sends the signal to the controller, the controller sends the pneumatic
signal to the temperature control valve and the by-pass valve will fully open so that the whole
amount of water will not pass through the central cooler.

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10/9/21, 1:07 PM Central Cooling System On Ships - Full Explanation
At the same time throttle, the outlet valve of the central cooler so that less amount of water will
pass through the central cooler.

If the water is completely by-pass through a 3-way valve or temperature control valve then at
the same time the pressure control valve will open to reduce the sudden pressure rise in the
system.

There is a need to open the pressure control valve because pump pressure also increases due
to a straight pipeline.

What Are Things We Need To Do If The

Temperature Rises Above 35 C? o

Sensor will sense and sends the signal to the controller, the controller sends the pneumatic
signal to the temperature control valve and starts throttling the by-pass valve so that whole
water will start coming from the central cooler and simultaneously the pressure will decrease
from the straight pipeline.

So that the pressure control valve will start closing to maintain the pressure.

Now water is passing through the central cooler, so there will be a reduction in the pressure
which if further reduced, it will not be sufficient for other coolers. This is why we close the
pressure control valve to maintain that pressure in the various heat exchangers.

 ***

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