PHYS 242: TUTORIAL QUESTIONS SET II 2021

Question 1

Given that,

𝑦 = 6.0sin⁡(0.02𝜋𝑥 + 4.0𝜋𝑡)

Equation of a wave is
𝑦 = 𝐴 sin(𝑘𝑥 − 𝜔𝑡)
(a) Comparing to the equation of a wave, the amplitude is 6cm.

(b) 𝑘 = 0.02𝜋,
2𝜋
𝑘=
𝜆⁡
2𝜋
=> ⁡𝜆 =
𝑘

2𝜋
𝜆=
0.02𝜋
𝜆 = 100⁡𝑐𝑚 = 1𝑚⁡

(c.) 𝜔 = 4𝜋
But 𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓
𝜔
𝑓= ⁡
2𝜋
4𝜋
𝑓=
2𝜋
= 2𝐻𝑧

(d) 𝜐 = 𝜆𝑓
= 1⁡𝑚 × 2⁡𝐻𝑧
= 2⁡𝑚𝑠 −1
(e)
𝑑𝑦
= −𝜔𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑘𝑥 − 𝜔𝑡)⁡
𝑑𝑡
𝑚𝑎𝑥 = |−𝜔𝐴| = 6⁡𝑐𝑚 × 4𝜋𝐻𝑧
= 0.24𝜋𝑚𝑠 −1

Question 2
𝑓 = 500⁡𝐻𝑧
⁡𝜐 = 350⁡𝑚𝑠 −1

𝜐 350⁡𝑚𝑠 −1
𝜆= = ⁡
𝑓 500⁡𝑠 −1
= 0.7⁡𝑚⁡
𝜙 = 600
𝜋
= ⁡𝑟𝑎𝑑⁡
3
2𝜋𝑥
𝜙=
𝜆
𝜙𝜆
=> 𝑥 = ⁡
2𝜋
𝜋 0.7
⁡𝑥 = ×
3 2𝜋
0.7
= 𝑚 ≈ 0.116⁡𝑚⁡ ≈ 12⁡𝑐𝑚
6
1 1
𝑇= = = 2 × 10−3 s ≡ 2𝜋⁡phase⁡difference
𝑓 500
𝑡 = 1 × 10−3 s
Since t is half of T, then the associated phase difference will be half of that
associated with T. The phase difference is therefore 𝜋 or 180°.
 Question 3
𝜇 = 1.3 × 10−4 ⁡𝑘𝑔𝑚−3 ⁡
𝑦 = 0.021 sin(𝑥 + 30𝑡)
𝑇 = 𝜐2𝜇
⁡𝜐 = 𝜆𝑓
𝑘 = 1⁡, 𝜔 = 30
2𝜋
=𝑘
𝜆
2𝜋
=> 𝜆 = = 2𝜋⁡𝑚⁡
𝑘
𝜔 = 30
2𝜋𝑓 = 30
30
⁡𝑓 = ⁡𝐻𝑧
2𝜋

30
⁡𝜐 = 𝜆𝑓 = 2𝜋⁡𝑚 × ⁡𝐻𝑧 = 30⁡𝑚𝑠 −1
2𝜋
𝜐 = 30⁡𝑚𝑠 −1

𝑇 = |30⁡𝑚𝑠 −1 |2 × 1.3 × 10−4 ⁡𝑘𝑔𝑚−3

= 0.117⁡𝑁⁡ ≈ 0.12⁡𝑁
Question 4

(a) Amplitude = 5⁡𝑐𝑚

(b) Wavelength = 40⁡𝑐𝑚⁡

(c)
Given that,
𝑇 = 3.6⁡𝑁⁡
𝑇 = 𝜐2𝜇
 𝜇 = 25⁡𝑔𝑚−1 = 25 × 10−3 𝑘𝑔𝑚−1
𝑇
𝜐2 =
𝜇

𝑇
𝜐=√
𝜇

3.6𝑁
⁡𝜐 = √
25 × 10−3 𝑘𝑔𝑚−1

= 12⁡𝑚𝑠 −1
(d) From the graph,
⁡𝜆 = 40⁡𝑐𝑚
This is the separation associated with the period 𝑇
𝜆
Therefore, the quotient 𝑇 gives the wave speed

𝜆 0.4⁡𝑚
∴𝑇= = = 0.033⁡𝑠
𝑣 12⁡𝑚⁡𝑠 ⁡−1
(e)
2𝜋
𝑇=
𝜔

2𝜋
𝜔=
𝑇

2𝜋
𝜔= = 188.68⁡𝑅𝑎𝑑⁡𝑠 −1
0.033⁡𝑠

𝑀𝑎𝑥⁡𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = |𝜔𝐴|

= 5 × 10−2 𝑚 × 188.68
= 9.4⁡𝑚⁡𝑠 −1

(f)
𝑦 = 𝐴 sin(𝑘𝑥 − 𝜔𝑡)

2𝜋 2𝜋
𝑘= 𝜆
= 40⁡𝑐𝑚 = 0.157⁡
 ⁡𝑦 = 0.05⁡sin⁡(0.16𝑥 + 188.7𝑡)

Question 6

𝑦1 = 𝐴⁡sin⁡(5𝑥 − 10𝑡)

𝑦2 = 𝐴⁡sin⁡(4𝑥 − 9𝑡)
(i) Combine disturbance

𝑌 = 𝑦1 + 𝑦2

= 𝐴[sin(5𝑥 − 10𝑡) + sin⁡(4𝑥 − 9𝑡)]

𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
Where 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵 = 2 sin ( ) cos ( )
2 2

5𝑥 − 10𝑡 + 4𝑥 − 9𝑡 5𝑥 − 10𝑡 − 4𝑥 + 9𝑡
𝑌 = 2𝐴[sin ( ) cos ( )
2 2
9𝑥 − 19𝑡 𝑥−𝑡
𝑌 = 2𝐴[sin ( ) cos ( )
2 2
(ii) Group velocity
𝑑𝜔
⁡𝑣𝑔 =
𝑑𝑡
∆𝜔 5−4
𝑣𝑔 = = = 1⁡𝑚𝑠 −1
∆𝑡 10 − 9
𝑥−𝑡
(iii) cos ( )
2

9𝑥 − 9𝑡
sin ( )
2

𝑥
For zero amplitude: cos (2) = 0
𝑥
Distance between zero amplitude = 2
𝑥
Comparing with cos (2) = 0⁡
 𝑥 𝜋
= (2𝑛 + 1) ⁡
2 2
𝑥 = (2𝑛 + 1)𝜋
𝑥 = 𝜋, 3𝜋, 5𝜋
So, distance is (3𝜋 − 𝜋) = 2𝜋
or, (5𝜋 − 3𝜋) = 2𝜋