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SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

PROPOSED CURRICULUM OF VIII SEMESTER-2016-2017 BATCH

Sl.
Sub. Code Subject Tittle L T P S C
No

1. ME8T01 PROJECT MANAGEMENT 4 0 0 0 4

2. ME8T02 MANUFACTURING PROCESS-III 4 0 0 0 4

3. ME8PE31X PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - IV 3 0 0 0 3

4. ME8PE41X PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - V 3 0 0 0 3

5. ME8PW01 PROJECT PHASE -2 2 4 12 0 10

6. ME8TS01 TECHNICAL SEMINAR 0 0 0 1 1

Total 16 04 12 01 25

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - IV PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE - V

Sub. Code Subject Tittle Sub. Code Subject Tittle

ME8PE311 CRYOGENICS ME8PE411 ARTIFICIAL


INTELLIGENCE

ME8PE312 ORGANISATIONAL ME8PE412 DESIGN OF


BEHAVIOUR & EXPERIMENTS
PROFESSIONAL
COMMUNICATION

ME8PE313 FOUNDRY TECHNOLOGY ME8PE413 INDUSTRIAL


MANAGEMENT

ME8PE314 OPERATION ME8PE414 NON-DESTRUCTIVE


MANAGEMENT TESTING

ME8PE415 MECHATRONICS & IOT

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Syllabus for the Academic Year – 2020 - 2021

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Subject Code: ME8T01 L-T-P-C: 4-0-0-4

Course Objectives:

Sl.No Course Objectives

1 Understand the principles and components of project management

2 Appreciate the integrated approach to managing projects

3 Elaborate the process of managing project cost and scheduling

Apply the project management tools and techniques


4

Unit Description Hours

I Concepts of Project Management: Concepts of a Project, Categories of 10


projects, Phases of project life cycle, Roles and responsibility of project
leader, tools and techniques for project management Planning: Capital
Expenditures: Importance and difficulties, Phases of capital Budgeting,
Levels of decision making, Facets of Project Analysis, Feasibility Study: A
schematic diagram, Objectives of Capital Budgeting.

II Generation and Screening of Project Ideas: Generation of Ideas, Monitoring 10


the Environment, Corporate Appraisal, Scouting for project ideas, Preliminary
Screening, Project rating index, Sources of positive net present value, On
being an Entrepreneur. Organizing and staffing the project team: Skills /
abilities required for project manager, Authorities and responsibilities of
project manager, Project organization and types accountability in project
execution, controls, tendering and selection of contractors

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

III Market & Demand Analysis: Situational Analysis and Specifications of 11


Objectives, Collection of Secondary Information, conduct of Market Survey,
Characterization of the Market, Demand Forecasting, Market Planning. Tools
& Techniques of Project Management: Bar (GANTT) chart, bar chart for
combined activities, logic diagrams and networks, Project evaluation and
review Techniques (PERT) Planning, Computerized project management.

IV Project Scheduling: Project implementation scheduling, effective time 11


management, different scheduling techniques, resources allocation method.
PLM concepts. Co-Ordination and Control: Project direction communication
in a project, MIS project co-ordination, project control requirement for better
control of project or role of MIS in project control, performance, control,
schedule control, cost Control.
V Performance Measures in Project Management: Performance indicators, 10
Performance improvement for the CM & DM companies for better project
management, project management and environment. Project Management
Models and Certifications: An Introduction to SEI CMM model and Project
Management Institute USA – Importance of the same for the Industry and
practitioners. Case Studies on Project Management: Case studies covering
project planning, scheduling, use of tools & techniques, performance
measurement

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from
each unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Course Outcomes:

Course Descriptions
outcome

Explain the basic concept of project management and roles and responsibilities
CO1 of project leader (Level-2).

Discuss the generation and screening of project ideas and describe the
CO2 procedure involved in awarding the project (Level-2).

CO3 Analyze the different market scenarios while allocating the project and discuss
the tools and techniques used in PM (Level-3).

Demonstrate the ability to schedule, coordinate, control the projects and


CO4 describes the various performance measurement techniques in PM and analyze
the PM environment (Level-3 & 4).

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

Project planning analysis, selection, ISBNO-07-462049-5 ,


1 Prasanna
implementation & review 2002
Chandra,

2 Project Management a system Harold Kerzner CBS publishers and


approach to planning scheduling & Distributors,2002
controlling

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Reference Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

Project Management Beningston Lawrence McGraw-Hill, 1970


1

A Management-Guide to Eastern Economy of PHI,


2 PERT and CPM Weist & Levy ,
2002

PERT & CPM, Affiliated East West Press


3 L.S.Srinnath,
Pvt.ltd, 2002.

Project management with Moder Joseph and 2nd Edition, New York VAN
4 PERT and CPM, Philips cerel R. Norstrand, Reinhold-1976

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: MANUFACTURING PROCESS-III

Subject Code: ME8T02 L-T-P-C: 4-0-0-4

Course Objectives:

Sl.No Course Objectives

Understand modern manufacturing operations, including their capabilities, limitations


1 and how to design for lowest cost.

2 Gain insight into how designers influence manufacturing schedule and cost.

3 Learn how to analyze products and be able to improve their manufacturability and
lower costs.

Understand the relationship between customer desires, functional requirements,


4 product materials, product design, and manufacturing process selection.

Unit Description Hours

I Classification of metal working processes, characteristics of wrought 12


products, advantages & limitations of metal working processes. Concepts of
true stress, true strain, tri-axial & biaxial stresses. Determination of flow stress
Principal stresses. Tresca & von mises yield criteria, concepts of plane stress
& plain strain. Brief description of methods of metal determination analysis.

II Expression for forging pressures and load in open die forging & closed die 10
forging by slab analysis, concepts of friction will and factors affecting it, Die-
Design parameters. Expression for forging pressure and load in open die
forging and closed die forging material flow lines in forging. Forging defects,
Residual stresses in forging. Simple problems.

III Powder Metallurgy Process details and special characteristics of powder 10


metallurgy process. Compaction techniques like CIP and HIP, applications of

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

powder metallurgy. Specimen characteristics of powder metallurgy


components.

IV Expression for rolling load. Roll separating force. Frictional losses in bearing 10
etc. power required for rolling, effects of front and back tensions, friction &
friction hill, maximum possible reduction, Defects in rolled products, Rolling
variables, simple problems.
V Sheet metal forming, forming methods dies & punches, progressive die, 10
compound die, combination die, Rubber forming open back inclinable press
(OBI Press), piercing and blanking, bonding, deep drawing, forming limit
criterian, defects drawn products strength forming. Roll bending & contouring,
simple problems.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from each
unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Course Outcomes:

Course Descriptions
outcome

Define about all basic concepts of Metal forming Process and Powder
CO1 metallurgy.

Explain & understand the grain flow stress induced during the metal working
CO2 process.

CO3 Apply & evaluate the different parameter influencing metal forming.

Analyze & compare metal forming & powder metallurgy process with
CO4 applications.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

Mechanical metallurgy (SI units) G.E. Dieter, Mc Graw Hill pub.2001


1

Manufacturing Engineering and Serope Kalpakjian Pearson education, 3rd


2
Technology and Stevan R. Edition,2009

Reference Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

1 Materials and Processes in E.paul, Degramo, Prentice -hall of India


J.T. Black, Ronald
Manufacturing 2002
A.K.

2 Principles of Industrial metal C B S Publication.


G.W. Rowe,
working process 2002

3 Amitabha Ghosh & East –West Press


Manufacturing Science
A.K. Malik 2001

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: CRYOGENICS

Subject Code: ME8PE311 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

UNIT Description Hours

I INTRODUCTION TO CRYOGENIC SYSTEMS: Applications Areas 8


of Cryogenic Engineering, Low temperature properties of engineering
materials – Mechanical properties, Thermal properties, Electrical
properties, Introduction the Thermodynamically Ideal system
Production of low temperatures – Joule Thompson Effect, Adiabatic
expansion.

II GAS LIQUIFICATION SYSTEMS: Liquification systems for Air 7


Simple Linde – Hampson System, Claude System, Heylndt System,
Dual pressure, Claude. Liquefaction cycle Kapitza System.
Comparison of Liquefaction Cycles Liquefaction cycle for hydrogen,
helium and Neon, Critical components of liquefaction systems.

III GAS CYCLE CRYOGENIC REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS: 8


Classification of Cryo coolers Stirling cycle Cryo – refrigerators, Ideal
cycle – working principle. Schmidt’s analysis of Stirling cycle Various
configurations of Stirling cycle refrigerators Integral piston Stirling
cryo-cooler, Free displacer split type Stirling Cryo coolers, Gifford
Mcmahon Cryo- refrigerator, Pulse tube refrigerator, Solvay cycle
refrigerator, Vuillimier refrigerator, Cryogenic regenerators.
GAS SEPARATION AND GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEMS:
Thermodynamic ideal separation system, Properties of mixtures,
Principles of gas separation, Linde single column air separation.
Linde double column air separation, Argon and Neon separation
systems. Adsorption Process, PSA systems.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

IV ULTRA LOW TEMPERATURE CRYO – REFRIGERATORS: 8


Magneto Caloric Refrigerator 3He-4He Dilution refrigerator.
Pomeranchuk cooling.Measurement systems for low temperatures,
Temperature measurement at low temperatures, Resistance
thermometers, Thermocouples, Thermistors, Gas Thermometry.
Liquid level sensors.
VACUUM TECHNOLOGY: Fundamental principles. Production of
high vacuum, Mechanical vacuum pumps, Diffusion pumps, Cryo-
pumping, Measurement of high vacuum level, Cryogenic Insulation:
Heat transfer due to conduction, Evacuated porous insulation Powder
& Fibers Opacified powder insulation, Gas filled powders & Fibrous
materials Multilayer super-insulation, Composite insulation.
V CRYOGENIC FLUID STORAGE AND TRANSFER SYSTEMS: 8
Design of cryogenic fluid storage vessels, Inner vessel, Outer
Insulation, Suspension system, Fill and drain lines. Cryogenic fluid
transfer, External pressurization, Self pressurization, Transfer
pump.

APPLICATION OF CRYOGENIC SYSTEMS: Cryogenic application


for food preservation – Instant Quick Freezing techniques 11.2 Super
conductive devices, Cryogenic applications for space technology.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from
each unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Course Outcomes

Course Descriptions
outcome

CO1 Learn about basic principles of cryogenic systems.

Learn about gas liquefaction systems, gas cycle cryogenic


CO2 refrigeration systems and gas purification systems.

Learn about ultra-low temperature cryo refrigerators and vacuum


CO3
technology used in cryogenic fluid storage and transfer systems.

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and


No Year of Edition

Oxford Press,
1 Cryogenic Systems Randall Barron
1985

Thomas M. Flynn, Marcel Dekker,


2 Cryogenic Engineering
Inc N.Y. Basal 1997

Reference Book:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year


No of Edition

Klaus D. Plenum Press,


1 Cryogenic Process Engineering Timmerhaus & New York &
Thomas M. Flynn, London 1989.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR & PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION

Subject Code: ME8PE312 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

Course Objectives:

Sl.No Course Objectives

To understand the nature of human behavior in corporate and other organizations.


1

To learn about the concepts of different styles of motivation, company leadership,


2 power and authority.

To know about the strategies of organization, organization design and to measure


3
organization effectiveness.

To learn and adopt team work and collaboration.


4

Unit Description Hours

I INTRODUCTION: Definition of Organization Behaviour and Historical 08


development, Environmental context (Information Technology and
Globalization, Diversity and Ethics, Design and Cultural, Reward Systems).

II THE INDIVIDUAL: Foundations of individual behaviour, individual 08


differences. Ability. Attitude, Aptitude, interests. Values.

III Learning: Definition, Theories of Learning, Individual Decision Making, 08


classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social learning theory, continuous
and intermittent reinforcement.

Perception: Definition, Factors influencing perception, attribution theory,


selective perception, projection, stereotyping, Halo effect.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

MOTIVATION: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, Mc-Gregor's theory X


IV and Y, Hertzberg's motivation Hygiene theory, David Mc-Clelland’s three 08
needs theory, Victor Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation.

THE GROUPS: Definition and classification of groups, Factors affecting group


formation, stages of group development, Norms, Hawthorne studies, group
processes, group tasks, group decision making.

CONFLICT & STRESS MANAGEMENT: Definition of conflict, functional and


V dysfunctional conflict, stages of conflict process. Sources of stress, fatigue 08
and its impact on productivity. Job satisfaction, job rotation, enrichment, job
enlargement and reengineering work process.

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION: Useful definitions, communication


principles, communication system, role of communication in management,
barriers in communication, how to overcome the barriers, rule of effective
communication.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student must answer any one question from each
unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Course Outcomes:

Course Descriptions
outcome

CO1 Manage the art of getting work in the corporate and other organizations.

CO2 Identify leadership styles which can be applied to reach the organization’s goal

CO3 Appreciate the different motivational factors and the importance of team building
strategies.
Discuss the importance of effective communication and stress management in
CO4 business.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

1 Organizational Behavior, Aswathappa Himalaya Publishers. 2001

Reference Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of Edition


No

Hellriegel, Thompson Learning, 9th


1 Organizational Behaviour Srocum and Edition, Prentice Hall India,
Woodman, 2001

VSP Rao and


2 Organizational Behaviour Publishers.2002
others, Konark

(Human 9th Edition, John Newstron/


3 Organizational Behaviour behaviour at
work) Keith Davis. 2002

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: FOUNDRY TECHNOLOGY

Subject Code: ME8PE313 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

Unit Description Hours

FOUNDRY METALLURGY: Oxidation of liquid metals, gas dissolution in


I liquid metals, methods of degassing, fluidity, factors affecting fluidity, fluidity 08
tests, hot tearing, shrinkage of liquid metals.

CASTING DESIGN: Introduction to casting design, redesign considerations,


design for minimum casting stresses, design for directional solidification,
design for metal flow, safety factors, design for low pattern cost and model
making as an aid in design.

SOLIDIFICATION OF CASTINGS: Crystallization and development of cast


II structure - nucleation, growth and dendritic growth. Structure of castings - 07
significance and practical control of cast structure, grain shape and
orientation, grain size, refinement and modification of cast structure. Concept
of progressive and directional solidification, solidification time and derivation
of Chvorinov’s equation, influence on mold characteristics and cast metal.

RISERING AND GATING: Need for risering, general considerations of


III risering, riser shapes, riser size, and location. Requirements of a riser. Sand, 08
insulating, and exothermic materials used for risers. Riser feeding distance
and theory of risering. Internal chills, external chills, use of mould materials of
different chill capacities, padding for directional solidification. Open type and
blind risers. Riser treatment using exothermic and insulating compounds.
Gating system – theoretical consideration of gating, laws of fluid flow,
turbulence in gating system, use of ceramic foam filters in gating, need for
tapered sprue, gating ratio, simple problems.

SPECIAL MOULDING TECHNIQUES: Principles, materials used, process


IV details and application of no-bake sand systems, vacuum moulding, flaskless 08
moulding, and high pressure moulding.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

CUPOLA MELTING: Developments in cupola melting – hot blast cupola,


water cooled cupola, balanced blast cupola, cokeless cupola, cupola charge
calculations.

FERROUS FOUNDRY: Melting procedures, casting characteristics,


production, specification, and properties of some typical steels, grey cast iron,
malleable iron, and spheroidal graphite cast iron castings.
NON-FERROUS FOUNDRY: Melting procedures, casting characteristics,
V production, specification, and properties of some typical aluminum, copper, 08
and magnesium based alloy castings.

MODERNIZATION AND MECHANIZATION OF FOUNDRY: Need for


modernization, and mechanization, moulding and core making, melting,
pouring, shake out equipment and fettling, dust and fume control, material
handling equipments for sand moulds and cores, molten metal and castings,
reclamation of sands. Pollution control – norms, and agencies.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from each
unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Course Outcomes:

Course Descriptions
outcome

CO1 Learn about metallurgy and casting design

CO2 Learn about risering and gating design

CO3 Learn about special moulding techniques including mechanization of foundry.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

Principles of metal casting Heine Loper & TMH – 2005


1
Rosenthal

2 Principle of Foundry Technology P. L. Jain TMH – 2006.

Reference Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

1 Castings John Campbell Second edition, Elseivier

2 Foundry Technology P. N. Rao

3 5th Edn. Sapna Book House,


Manufacturing Process I Dr. K. Radha Krishna
Bangalore

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: OPERATION MANAGEMENT

Subject Code: ME8PE314 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

Course Objectives:

Sl.No Course Objectives

To get acquainted with the basic aspects of Production Management.


1

To expose the students to various aspects of planning, organizing and controlling


2 operations Management.

To understand different operational issues in manufacturing and services


3 organizations.

To understand different problem-solving methodologies and Production Management


4 techniques

Unit Description Hours

I Operations Management Concepts: Introduction, Historical development. 08


The trend: Information and Non-manufacturing systems, Operations
management, the environment of operations, Factors affecting Domestic and
International productivity.
Decision Making:
Operations Decision Making, Decision methodology, Use of models,
Economic models: Break Even analysis, Statistical models.
II Forecasting Demand: Forecasting objectives and uses, Forecasting 08
variables, Opinion and Judgmental methods: Delphi Technique, Nominal
group technique and Market survey. Time series methods, Exponential
smoothing, Regression and correlation methods, Application and control of
forecasts.
III Aggregate Planning and Master Scheduling: Planning and scheduling 08
Strategies, Variables used in Aggregate planning Objectives of aggregate are
planning, Aggregate planning methods, The master production schedule,
Master scheduling process, Master scheduling methods.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

IV Capacity & Location Planning: Importance of capacity decisions, defining 08


and measuring capacity, determinants of effective capacity, determining
capacity requirement, developing capacity alternatives, evaluating
alternatives, Need for location decisions, nature of locations decisions,
general procedure for making locations decisions, evaluating locations
decisions, facilities layout – need for layout decisions, Types of processing

V Scheduling and Production Controlling Activities, Objectives and Data 08


requirements. Scheduling strategy and guidelines, Scheduling methodology,
priority control, capacity control.
Single Machine Scheduling: Concept, measures of performance, SPT rule,
Weighted SPT rule, EDD rule. Flow –shop scheduling, Johnson’s rule for ‘n’
jobs on 2 and 3 machines, Job-Shop Scheduling, Types of schedules,
Heuristic procedure, scheduling 2 jobs on ‘m’ machines.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from each
unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Course Outcomes:

Course Descriptions
outcome

CO1 Explain the concept and scope of operations management in a business context

Recognize the role of Operations management among various business functions


CO2 and its role in the organizations’ strategic planning and gaining competitive
advantage.

Analyze the appropriateness and applicability of a range of operations


CO3
management systems/models in decision making.

CO4 Assess a range of strategies for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of
organizational operations

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Text Books:

Sl No Text Book title Author Volume and Year


of Edition

Productions & operations 5th edition PHI,


1 Adam & Ebert
management 1998

Production and Operations PHI learning private


2 Pannerselvam. R.,
Management ltd. 2nd ed. 2008

Reference Books:

Sl No Text Book title Author Volume and Year


of Edition

Modern
Wiely Eastern Ltd.,
1 Production/Operations Buffa
4th edition
Management

Production and Operations Tata-McGraw Hill.,


2 Chary, S.N.,
Management 3rd edition

3 Operations management - James Dilworth. PHI, 3rd edition

Operations Management - Lee J Karjewski and 6th edition, Pearson


4
strategy and Analysis Larry P Ritzman Education Asia

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Subject Code: ME8PE411 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

UNIT Description Hours

I ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: Introduction, definition, underlying 7


assumption, importance of A1, AI and related fields.

II SPACE REPRESENTATION: Defining a problem. Production systems 8


and its characteristics, Search and Control strategies – Generate and Test,
Hill Climbing, Best – first Search, Problem reduction, Constraint
Satisfaction, Means – Ends Analysis.

III KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION ISSUES: Representations and 8


Mappings, Types of knowledge – Procedural Vs Declarative, Logic
programming. Forward Vs Backward reasoning, Matching.

USE OF PREDICATE LOGIC: Representing simple facts, Instance and


Isa relationships, Syntax and Semantics for Prepositional logic, FQPL and
properties of Wffs, Conversion to Clausal form, Resolution, Natural
deduction.

IV STATISTICAL AND PROBABILISTIC REASONING: Symbolic reasoning 8


under uncertainty, Probability and Bayes’ theorem, Certainity factors and
Rule based systems, Bayesian Networks, Shafer Theory, Fuzzy Logic.

EXPERT SYSTEMS: Structure and uses, Representing and using domain


knowledge, Expert System Shells. Pattern recognition Learning
classification patterns, recognizing and understanding
speech. Introduction to knowledge Acquisition, Types of Learning.
V TYPICAL EXPERT SYSTEMS: MYCIN, Variants of MYCIN, 8
PROSPECTOR, DENDRAL, PUFF, ETC.

INTRODUCTION TO MACHINE LEARNING: Perceptrons, Checker


Playing Examples, Learning Automata, Genetic Algorithms, Intelligent
Editors.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from
each unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Course Outcomes

Course Descriptions
outcome

CO1 Learn about predicate logic, space representation.

CO2 Learn about statistical and probabilistic reasoning

CO3 Learn about expert systems

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

1 Artificial Intelligence Elaine Rich & Kevin M/H 1983.


Knight,

2 Introduction to AI & ES Dan W. Patterson, Prentice Hall of India, 1999.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Reference Book:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year


No of Edition

1 Springer Verlag,
Principles of Artificial Intelligence,
Berlin

2 Artificial Intelligence in business,


Wendy B. Ranch
Science & Industry

3 Waterman, D.A.,
A guide to expert systems Wesley inc. 1986
Addison

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS

Subject Code: ME8PE412 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

UNIT Description Hours

I INTRODUCTION: Strategy of Experimentation, Typical applications 7


of Experimental design, Basic Principles, Guidelines for Designing
Experiments.

II BASIC STATISTICAL CONCEPTS: Concepts of random variable, 8


probability, density function cumulative distribution function. Sample
and population, Measure of Central tendency; Mean median and
mode, Measures of Variability, Concept of confidence
level. Statistical Distributions: Normal, Log Normal & Weibull
distributions. Hypothesis testing, Probability plots, choice of sample
size. Illustration through Numerical examples.

III EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Classical Experiments: Factorial 8


Experiments: Terminology: factors, levels, interactions, treatment
combination, randomization, Two-level experimental designs for two
factors and three factors. Three-level experimental designs for two
factors and three factors, Factor effects, Factor
interactions, Fractional factorial design, Saturated Designs, Central
composite designs. Illustration through Numerical examples.
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION METHODS: Measures of
variability, Ranking method, Column effect method & Plotting
method, Analysis of variance (ANOVA) in Factorial Experiments:
YATE’s algorithm for ANOVA, Regression analysis, Mathematical
models from experimental data. Illustration through Numerical
examples.

IV QUALITY BY EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Quality, Western and 8


Taguchi’s quality philosophy, elements of cost, Noise factors causes
of variation. Quadratic loss function & variations of quadratic loss
function. Robust Design: Steps in Robust Design: Parameter design
and Tolerance Design. Reliability Improvement through
experiments, Illustration through Numerical examples.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

EXPERIMENT DESIGN USING TAGUCHI’S ORTHOGONAL


ARRAYS: Types of Orthogonal Arrays, selection of standard
orthogonal arrays, Linear graphs and Interaction assignment,
Dummy level Technique, Compound factor method, Modification of
linear graphs. Illustration through Numerical examples.
V SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO: Evaluation of sensitivity to 8
noise. Signal to Noise ratios for static problems: Smaller-the-better
type, Nominal-the –better-type, Larger-the-better type. Signal to
Noise ratios for Dynamic problems. Illustration through Numerical
examples.

PARAMETER AND TOLERANCE DESIGN: Parameter and


tolerance design concepts, Taguchi’s inner and outer arrays,
parameter design strategy, tolerance design strategy.
Illustration through Numerical examples.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from
each unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Course Outcomes

Course Descriptions
outcome

Learn about basic statistical concepts, analysis and interpretation


CO1 methods.

CO2 Learn about experimental design and taguchi orthogonal arrays.

CO3 Learn about parameter and tolerance design concepts.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year


No of Edition

1 Design and Analysis of Experiments Douglas C. 5th Edition Wiley


Montgomery India Pvt. Ltd. 2007

2 Quality Engineering using Robust Madhav S. Phadke, New Jersy 07632,


Design, Prentice Hall PTR, 1989.
Englewood Cliffs,

Reference Book:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year


No of Edition

Thomas B. Barker, Inc ASQC Quality


1 Quality by Experimental Design
Marcel Dekker Press.1985.

Experiments Planning, analysis, and C.F. Jeff Wu John Wiley


2
parameter Design optimization Michael Hamada Editions. 2002.

Reliability Improvement by W.L. Condra, Inc ASQC Quality


3
Experiments Marcel Dekker, Press.1985.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT

Subject Code: ME8PE413 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

UNIT Description Hours

I INTRODUCTION: Historical perspective, contribution of Taylor, 7


Henry Fayol, Gilbert, Charles Babbage, Henry Gantt to the
evolution of management science in the Indian context.
Ownership of Industries Proprietorship, partnership, joint stock
companies, public and private undertakings, co-operative
organizations.

II QUALITY PHILOSOPHY: The Meaning of Quality and Quality 8


Improvement; Brief History of Quality Methodology; Statistical
Methods for Quality Control and Improvement; Total Quality
Management (quality philosophy, links between quality and
productivity, quality costs legal aspects of quality implementing
quality improvement). Definitions and aims of standardizations,
techniques for standardization (Statistical Principles, Codification
system, variety control and value Engineering).

STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL: Chance and assignable


causes, Statistical Basis of the Control Charts -basic principles,
choices of control limits, significance of control limits, control
limits, analysis of pattern on Variable attribute control charts ( no
numerical)

III WORK STUDY, INCENTIVES, HEALTH AND SAFETY: Work 8


study-Motion study and Method time study, principles of motion
economy, charts and diagrams, Job evaluation systems, Multi
skilling, Wage payment and plans, Incentive schemes, Training
and Development, Safety Regulations and safe practices.

MOTIVATION AND BEHAVIOR: Hawthorns studies and its


findings Maslows theory X and Y theory, Immaturity theory
motivation hygiene theory, Pretence of needs and satisfaction of

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

needs, goal oriented behavior, integration of organizational goals


and needs of employee.

IV MANAGEMENT AND BEHAVIORAL APPROACH: Contribution 8


of Elton Mayo and Skinner to behavior sciences. Skills of a
manager at various levels in an organization and inter-related
systems, understanding past behavior, predicting future
behavior, directing, changing and controlling behavior.
PROCESS MANAGEMENT: Definition of process management.
Major process decisions-process choice, vertical integration,
resource flexibility, customer involvement, capital intensity,
relationships between decisions, service operation, economics of
scoop and gaining focus. Designing process-process
rearranging and process improvement.
V MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY: Meaning and role of 8
technology-primary areas of technology management,
management of technology and its role in improving business
performance. Creating and applying technology-R and D stages
and technology fusion. Technology strategy. Implementation
guidelines.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from
each unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year


No of Edition

1 Principles of Management Koontz O Donnel, Mc.Graw Hill


Intl.Book Co.

2 Statistical Quality Control E.L. Grant and R.S. 7th edition,


Leavenworth, McGraw- Hill
publisher

Reference Book:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year


No of Edition

TATA McGraw Hill


1 Essentials of management Koontz Weirich, Intl. Book Co., 7th
Edition.

Management of Organizational Hersey Paul and


2 PHI.
Behaviour Kenneth H,

Lee J.Krajewski Fifth Edition


Operations management-strategy
3 and Larry P.
and analysis Addison-Wiley.
Ritzman,

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Course Outcomes

Course Descriptions
outcome

CO1 Understand Essential principles of Total Quality Management.

CO2 Understand Essential principles of Statistical process control.

CO3 Understand Concepts of Work study, motivation and behavior.

CO4 Understand Elementary process and technology management.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

Subject Code: ME8PE414 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

UNIT Description Hours

I INTRODUCTION. An Overview. Factors influencing the Reliability of 8


NDE. Defects in materials. Defects in composites. NDT methods
used for evaluation of materials and composites.
RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION. X – ray radiography: Principles of
X – ray radiography, equipment. Production of X -rays, absorption,
scattering, X-ray film processing; industrial radiographic practice,
micro-radiography.

II Gamma ray radiography: Radioactivity, gamma ray sources, film 8


radiography, application, examples. General radiographic
procedures. Reading and Interpretation of Radiographs. Defects in
welding.
Principle of wave propagation. Ultrasonic equipment. Variables
affecting an ultrasound test. Basic methods and general
considerations. Testing of products. Ultrasonic testing of composites.

III ULTRASONIC INSPECTION. Ultrasonic application for thickness 8


measurement. Types of scanning, types of indication. Welding
inspection, tube inspection, test standards, determination of elastic
constants.
LIQUID PENETRANT TEST. Basic concept. Test equipment. Test
Parameters & Procedure. Safety precautions.

IV MAGNETIC PARTICLE TEST. Methods of generating magnetic field. 8


Demagnetization of materials. Magnetic particle test: Principles, Test
Equipment and Procedure. Interpretation and evaluation.
EDDY CURRENT TEST. Principles of eddy current. Factors affecting
eddy currents. Test system and test arrangement. Standardization
and calibration. Application and effectiveness.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

V Thermal Inspection: Principles, equipment, inspection methods, 7


applications.
Optical Holography: Principles, applications, holographic recording
interferometer techniques of inspection.
Acoustic Emission Inspection: Principle, comparison with other
NDT methods, applicability, acoustic emission waves and
propagation. Instrumentation principles.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from
each unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students

Course Outcomes

Course Descriptions
outcome

Identify various surface flaws by using liquid penetrants and magnetic particle
CO1 tests

CO2 Understand radiography and ultrasonic techniques

Demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of acoustic emission


CO3
Techniques.

Recognize a conceptual understanding of principles of thermograph and


CO4 various techniques of optical holography

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year


No of Edition

1 Non-Destructive Test and Evaluation J Prasad and C G Tata McGraw-Hill


of Materials Krishnadas Nair Publishing Co. Ltd.,
2008.

Reference Book:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

Vol-17, 9th Edition, Non


destructive evaluation &
1 Metals Hand Book Baldev Raj, T. quality
control, American
society of metals. 2001

Nondestructive Baldev Raj, T. Jayakumar, Narosa Publishing


2
Testing M. Thavasimuthu, House, 1997.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: MECHATRONICS & IOT

Subject Code: ME8PE415 L-T-P-C: 3-0-0-3

Course Objectives:

Sl.No Course Objectives

Understand the evolution and development of Mechatronics as a discipline and


1 understand the genesis, impact of IoT applications and architectures in real world
Substantiate the need for interdisciplinary study in technology education & Illustrate
2 diverse methods of deploying smart objects and connect them to network.
Understand the applications of microprocessors and Actuation systems in various
3 systems and to know the functions of each element.
Demonstrate the integration philosophy in view of Mechatronics technology and
4 understand the role of IoT in various domains of Industry

UNIT Description Hours

I Introduction to Mechatronic: - Definition, Multidisciplinary 9


Scenario, Evolution of Mechatronics, Design of Mechatronics system,
Objectives, advantages and disadvantages of Mechatronics.
Transducers And Sensors: - Definition and classification of
transducers. Definition and classification of sensors. Difference
between transducer and sensor, Principle of working and applications
of light sensors, proximity sensors and hall effect sensors
II Microprocessor & Microcontrollers: Introduction, Microprocessor 9
systems, Basic elements of control systems, Microcontrollers,
Difference between Microprocessor and Microcontrollers.
Microprocessor Architecture: Microprocessor architecture and
terminology-CPU, memory and address, I/O and Peripheral devices,
ALU, Instruction and Program, Assembler, Data, Registers, Program
Counter, Flags, Fetch cycle, write cycle, state, bus interrupts. Intel’s
8085A Microprocessor.
Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

III Electrical Actuation Systems: - Types of Switching Devices, 9


Mechanical switches, solid-state switches, Solenoids, DC & AC
motors, Stepper motors.
Pneumatic & Hydraulic Actuation System: - Actuating systems,
Pneumatic and hydraulic systems, Classifications of Valves,
Pressure relief valves, Pressure regulating/reducing valves,
Cylinders and rotary actuators.
IV Introduction to IOT: What is IOT, Genesis of IoT, IoT Impact, IoT 6
Challenges, IoT Network Architecture and Design, Comparing IoT
Architectures, A Simplified IoT Architecture, The Core IoT
Functional Stack

V Smart Objects: The “Things” in IoT, Sensors, Actuators, and Smart 6


Objects, Sensor Networks, Connecting Smart Objects: IoT Access
Technologies- IEEE 802.15.4, LoRa WAN, NB-IoT and Other LTE
Variations.
Smart and Connected Cities: Smart City Use-Case Examples.

Question paper Pattern:

Two questions to be set from each unit and student has to answer any one question from
each unit. Totally 5Q need to be answered by the students

Course Outcomes

Course Descriptions
outcome

Illustrate various components of Mechatronics systems and Interpret the


CO1 impact and challenges posed by IoT networks leading to new architectural
models
Assess various control systems used in automation and Compare and
CO2 contrast the deployment of smart objects and the technologies to connect
them to network.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Develop hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical control systems and Illustrate


CO3
different sensor technologies for sensing real world entities

Identify the applications of transducers & sensors and application of IoT in


CO4 smart city.

Text Books:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year


No of Edition

1 Mechatronics-Principles, Concepts Nitaigour Prem Tata McGraw Hill,


and Applications Chand Mahalik, 1stEdition, 2003
ISBN.No.
0071239243,
9780071239240.

2 Mechatronics –Electronic Control W.Bolton Pearson Education,


Systems in Mechanical and 1st Edition, 2005
Electrical Engineering ISBN No. 81-7758-
284-4

3 IoT Fundamentals: Networking David Hanes, 1st Edition,


Technologies, Protocols, and Use Gonzalo Salgueiro, 2017,Pearson
Cases for the Internet of Things Patrick Grossetete, Education (Cisco
Robert Barton, Press Indian
Jerome Henry Reprint). ISBN: 978-
9386873743

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Reference Book:

Sl Text Book title Author Volume and Year of


No Edition

Tata McGraw-Hill, 1 st
1 Mechatronics HMT Ltd. Edition, 2000. ISBN:
9780074636435.

The Internet of
Things: Key Olivier Hersent, David Wiley publications, 2018
2
Applications and Boswarthick, Omar Elloumi ISBN:978-81-265- 5765-3
Protocols

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: PROJECT PHASE -2

Subject Code: ME8PW01 L-T-P-S-C: 2-4-12-0-10

Descriptions

Scheme of Evaluation
Project Phase - II Demonstration: Students have to demonstrate the working model of
the Project to their respective guides.

Evaluation Scheme-I (50% percent of CIE):


Continuous evaluation will be done by respective Project Guides based on the
Regularity, Technical Knowledge and Competence, Communication Skills,
Demonstration skills, Collaborative Learning and Documentation Skills of the students.

Evaluation Scheme II (50% percent of CIE):


Students are evaluated by the team of faculty members based on the Presentation,
Technical Competence, Slides Preparation Team Working Abilities, Questionnaires and
overall Performance in the Seminar-1and Seminar-2 of Project Phase - 1Students are
required to meet their respective project guides on a stipulated day once in a week and
update their progress and get signature from the guides without fail.

Course Outcomes

Course Descriptions
outcome

Design /fabricate a suitable system to solve the problem identified (project


CO1 work phase – I) and plan to work as a team.
Apply and implement the suggestions to the project work to solve the
CO2 identified problem.

CO3 Analyze the performance of the project and demonstrate the project

Compile the project work document and present the project work to the
CO4
audience

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Semester: VIII

Subject Name: TECHNICAL SEMINAR

Subject Code: ME8TS01 L-T-P-S-C: 0-0-0-1-1

Sl. Course Objectives


No

1 Survey the changes in the technologies relevant to the topic selected.

2 Improve the communication skills and stage presence in the students


3 Compile report of the study and present to the audience.

Descriptions

Guidelines for preparing Technical Seminar


1. Selection of topic/area:
Select a paper according to the specialization of students. Papers from any other
approved journals can also be selected.

2. Approval to the selected topic:


After selecting the paper, get approval from the concerned faculty in charge.

3. Study of topic:
Students are requested to acquire a thorough knowledge on the subject by referring back
papers and reference books (These may be included as references at the end of the
paper) on the corresponding area.

4. Seminar:
Final seminar should be presented by the students through slides.

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY- TUMAKURU

(A constituent College of Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru)

Course Outcomes

Course Descriptions
outcome

Identify the latest technologies relevant to the topic selected through


CO1 literature survey.

CO2 Plan and organize content in the presentation effectively.

Communicate the content effectively to the audience and answer


CO3
satisfactorily to the quires.

CO4 Compile the report of the study

Department: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

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