Room 15

1
สารจากผู้อํานวยการ
สถาบันพิพิธภัณฑ์การเรียนรู้แห่งชาติ
(มิวเซียมสยาม)
“มิวเซียมสยาม” «½h}¸h¬¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸ £®}¸g£|©¬jo~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥ g·£h¦oÆ cl¦oÆ ®hg£~|«ih¬¡¢o«l£¡»«h§Ç £|l{£p£» h¢g¥r£g£¬jho}·£o±g¢|«½hol»l£©¸

|Ë£h¢go£h¥£¬¡¢zh£ol»l£©¸ ol»g££rh ¢og¢|Ë£h¢gh£g¢xh}i«½h¥¥ ¢{y»g£«ih©¸ ®höiÆix£h£g£p£gol»l£©¸«|¥ «§ÆhË££p¢|Ë£«½hh¥g£r¨|iÆo h¥g£ “ถอดรหัสไทย”
}£¬hl¥|“Discovery Museum”«¥Æ«b|®¸¥g£«§Æc«½h}¸h£«§Æ«½h¥¥¢{y»¬h®·®h¨l «½hh¥g£i}Æ · |ol»l£©¸ £p£gh¥g£r¨|«|¥©go«§Æ o£®h|i}«j¸£g¢¥~ri i }¥ ®h¼pp¨h¢ ¢ö«h§Ç £
¬·og£«ih©¸}|ri¥} ¨·o¢o¸£o¡g£{»®hg£r¥¥¢{y» «§Æp¨|¡g£l££g©¸©·g£l¸h ®¸li £·¢¬¡¢o«½hh¥g£g¦oÆ ~£iÆ ££~¢®¸h¢ ¨l¢¢h«§Æ o£«}¨g£{»§~£hg£{»p¼ p¨h¢
l£l¥|®·± |¸}h«o}|«£ ¢h«½hg£«ih©¸·£o¯·©¸p ¬¡¢oË£h¸£iÆh¢h¨h ·§g¢ ¯|¸¡g|¸¸op¢|¬|o¸o|hË£«hg«·£«§Æo£iÆp¡g¡}¨g}·l£l¥|¡¸hl£«½h¯®h¬o·¨
«l§j·£¥¥¢{y»§Æh±¢Æ¡««§Æ·¸£o£}x£hg¡hg£«ih©¸¬¡g£¥£p¢|g£¥¥¢{y» }·£o±®¸g¢©¸r
®¸il¨{£¬¡¡¥¥£
®hh£jo~£¢h jjl¨{l¨{£¥h»«l§o¢{y£¢g»¢g®hg£¢zh£«h§Ç£ol»l£©¸joh¥g£
®hx£h¡«½h}¸h¬¥¥ ¢{y»g£«ih©¸ “มิวเซียมสยาม”¯|¸¸£ol»h¥ g£i«Æ h¸hg£iw¥¢ ¢h»¡·£o r¨|hiÇ ¬¡iÆ¦g£~£¢h l¨{p¥¡h¢h» ¥}ir£ | £h}¥ ¢g|ilË£ ¢Çol{¡Ë£o£hjo¥«si£
h¥g£g¢©r¸ hgp£ghiÇ ¢o«h¸hg£p¢|g¥pg¬¡h¥g£r¢Æ l£iÆ £g£«r§Æ o©g· £«ih©¸ }|ph©¸i·h«giÆj¸o¨g·£hiÆ·g¢h «i«io ¢zh£«h§Ç£h¥g£iÆol¨{l·£¬g·g£¦g£}·|
·£o§Æh»®¸g¢«£rh¬¡¡r£rh¢Æ¯ h¥g£ “เรียงความประเทศไทย” «½hr¨|h¥g£~£ ~£¢h ¢o«½h·£o¥Æo·£h¥g£r¨|hiÇp¡££~Ë£®¸©¸«j¸£r¯|¸«ih©¸~¦oiÆ£«}¨}|phg¡hg£¢zh£
r¨|iÆh¦Æo p¢|¬|o«§Æo£«giÆg¢¡¢}¥£}»}¢Ço¬}·¢¨{©¥ ©·¨lojo£¡« ph£«½h p£gx£h£gjo¬hl¥|ph«g¥|«½h«g¢g{»«q£¡jol£«½h¯¬¡l£«½hr£}¥¯¢hh·£©¥®pjo«£
¡«¯®h¼pp¨¢h|p¢|¬|o£«½h¡¡«£g·£c ¼pp¨¢hh¥g£r¨|_«iol£¡«¯`
¯|¸h£Ë ¯p¢|Ë£«½hh¥g£«l§Æ hiÆ «§Æ g¡p£g£®hg£«j¸£~¦o¬·o«ih©¯¸ ¢og¨· «³££|«q£¡ h££««Åh
g¨·«|Åg«£rh®h¨g©¥£l¢Æ¡«¯ o©¸Ë£hg£Ë£h¢go£h¥£¬¡¢zh£ol»l£©¸
¬¡©¸Ë£hg£~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥
2 3
สารบั
CONTENTS
ญ
002—009 010 018 018 070 076 084 090
๑ ๒ ๓ ๔ ๕ ๖ ๗
สารจาก ไทยรึเปล่า? ไทยแปลไทย ไทยตั้งแต่เกิด ไทยสถาบัน ไทยอลังการ ไทยแค่ไหน ไทย ONLY
ผู้อํานวยการ IS THIS THAI? DEFINING “THAINESS” BIRTH OF THAINESS THAILAND’S THREE PILLARS MAGNIFICENTLY THAI DEGREES OF THAINESS ONLY IN THAILAND
สถาบันพิพิธภัณฑ์
การเรียนรู้แห่งชาติ
(มิวเซียมสยาม) 102 110 118 126 132 146 152
ไทยแถลง
INTRODUCTION
ผังนิทรรศการ
FLOOR PLANS ๘ ๙ ๑๐ ๑๑ ๑๒ ๑๓ ๑๔
ไทย INTER ไทยวิทยา ไทยชิม ไทยดีโคตร ไทยเชื่อ ไทยประเพณี ไทยแชะ
INTERNATIONAL THAI LESSONS IN THAI TASTE OF THAI THAINESS, BORROWED THAI BELIEFS THAI TRADITIONS THAI STUDIO
4 5
ไทยแถลง INTRODUCTION
“ความเปลี่ยนแปลง” “ถอดรหัสไทย” h¥g£r¨| _~|¢¯` ¡g|¸¸o “Change” “Decoding Thainess” LastlyTOWARDSTHEENDOF+ING2AMA)8ŋSREIGN
p¢|¬|o¸oll¨«h§Ç £¨g¨l|¬}·¡ UPUNTILTODAY4HAINESSISNOTTHATDIŸERENT
hilÆ § ¥oÆ iÆ £Ë ®¸l£«½h¯£l££irÆ |¢ «ph h¥g£r¨|iÆ jo¥«si£ «g¥|j¦Çh£ ¸oi«h§Ç«§Æo¬g«½h¥¡ i¢g{¡«q£¡}¢ Changes MAKE IT DIŹCULT TO CLEARLY DEŴNE 4HESECONDPERMANENTEXHIBITIONBYŊ-USEUM FROM THE PREVIOUS ERA BUT THERE IS MORE
¯·¯|¸ «££pp¡«Åh¢|¢ojo«g·£«½h¯¬}·®h ·£g£ol£s¢s¸h¢h¬¡l¨«l§jo ¬}·o¢Ç |©go«½h«h§Ç «|ig¢h|¸¬hl£l¥| 4HAINESS 7E MAY REGARD OLD TEMPLES AND 3IAMŋEMERGEDAMIDSTCONFUSIONANDVAGUENESS AWARENESS ABOUT 4HAINESS IN LINE WITH
j{¡«|ig¢hjo®·± ®·£ghg rv£ · l£«½h¯hiÆ«o ¢gl§g£~|¢l£«½h¯ PALACESAS4HAIBUTMEANWHILENEWPRODUCTS ABOUTTHEWORD4HAINESS SIGNIŴCANTEVENTS
®}o gÅ ¢ o g£«½ h ¯¯|¸ hiÆ l§ l£¢ h WITHTRADITIONAL4HAIMOTIFSSUCHASATRADI-
·£h®hg£ol£«½h¯ l£«½h¯il£«iÆh¬o«½hr·o«£ ¥«si£ £pp¡¯·®r·©¸®¸lË£}iÆ|iiÆ¨|·£ TIONALTHEATRICALHEADPIECEORBANANALEAVES 4HAINESSWENTTHROUGHMAJORCHANGESOVERŴVE _$ECODING4HAINESS`CONSISTSOFGALLERIES
®u·±©· ¨lË£l¢ul§ยุคแรก}¢oÇ ¬}·¢¢rg£ _l£«½h¯l§¡¯`¬}·«£«i«io CANALSOBESEENAS4HAI4HISISTHECONFUSION ERASThe first eraWASDURINGTHEREIGNOF COVERINGALLOFTHOSEERAS%ACHGALLERYHAS
«£ _l«¸h»` «§ÆohiÇg¢h£}·£l¢Çop£g iÆ ph~¦o¨lg£«iÆh¬og£glohiÆ«½h ¬¡~|¢l£«½h¯ ¯¸·£o«ioiÆp¡ UNDERLYING4HAINESS +ING2AMA)6UPUNTILTHEMAJORREFORMSOF ITSOWNDISTINCTIVETOPICBUTALLTHETOPICSARE
£gwg£{»}£· o±¢oÇ iÆ o¢ ¯·¬h·®p·£¢hl§¡¯g¢h ¨ljog£«¥Æ}¸h¸£ol£«½h¯ |i r£}¥ Ë£®¸r¸© «g¥|¬hl¥|¬¡¬o¢h|£®pipÆ ¡l¸h 4HAINESS WAS ŴRST CREATED WITH THE UNITEDUNDERTHECONCEPT_$ECODING4HAINESS`
¬h· ¬¡iÆË£l¢u g££lË£}«§Æol£«½h¯ £h£¬¡¡£g¢}¥» «½h©h»g£oยุคต่อมา lË£}hiÇ¯g¢«£ 7EHAVECOMMENTEDONTHEAMBIGUITYOF4HAI PILLARSOF.ATION2ELIGIONAND+INGATITSCORE
p£g¬·ol£©}¸ £· o±¢oÇ o£h¥r£g£o£h¥p¢ § «½ h ¨ l ¢ o «iÆ h¬og£glo ph~¦ o ¨ l NESS ON MANY OCCASIONS -ORE IMPORTANTLY Ŋ-USEUM3IAMŋMIGHTNOTOŸERTHEONLYANSWER
¬¸¬}·g©«g¥ gÅ¬p¡¯·£gwlË£}«§ÆohiÇ ¢Ço± l£«½h¯i© ¬_¢xh¥`«½hohË£ ¬h·hh lË£}iÆ|iiÆ¨| ·£p£gg£«ih©¸ THEQUESTTODEŴNE4HAINESSTHROUGHRESEARCH LaterAFTERTHEPOLITICALREFORMUPUNTILTHE TO_7HATIS4HAINESS`BUTWEHAVECOLLECTED
iÆ~©g©|~¦og¢h©·¨giÆ¢h ir£}¥£h£¬¡¢xh©u«½h¬ghg£oph~¦o ¨ o ¬¡g£~|¢ jo© ¸ r «o s¦Æ o hiÆ l§ ACADEMIC PAPERS AND EVEN 'OOGLE SEARCHS S 4HAINESS WAS DEŴNED BY #ULTURAL PRESENTEDANDATTEMPTEDTODECODE4HAINESS
ยุค ๒๕๐๐p¦o«½h¨ljor£}¥£h£¬¡g£eh¿ © «³ £ £¢ g jo«£®hx£h¡¥ ¥ ¢ { y» « §Æ YIELDSNOCLEARRESULTSEVENTHOUGHITISA -ANDATESWITH.ATION2ELIGIONANDTHE#ON- INAWAYTHATHOPEFULLYINSPIRESOURVISITORSTO
£ol¢oÇ l£«½h¯«ogÅ~g© ¬·or¢hÇ ~©ggi|g¢h¬¡ ~£¢h¡£g¢}¥» ®¸«½h¢gjol£«½h g£«ih©¸ TOPICWEDISCUSSEVERYDAY STITUTIONATITSCORE CONSIDERTHATQUESTION
i«p¸£joË£®¸l£«½h¯s¦oÆ il££g£ ¯}·£p¦o~¦oยุคโลกาภิวัตน์ ¬¡ยุคพอ
«g¥hg·£p¡il£Ë }}£}¢g£«½h}¢¼u£«§Æ o เพียง «½h¨liÆ _rhr¢Çhg£o` ¯|¸hË£l£ 3OMETIMES4HAINESSISDIVIDEDDISCRIMINATORY After the 1960s.ATION2ELIGIONAND+ING /FCOURSETHEBESTANSWERCOMESFROMONEŋS
_¯g·£`¬¡_¯·¯`«g¥|j¦Çh «½h¯ghggp£i}«|¥± ¬}· ~£¢h AND EXCLUSIVE SO IT IS DIŹCULT TO SAY WHAT ONCEAGAINBECAMETHEMAINPILLARSOF4HAINESS OWNLEARNINGPERCEPTIONANDDECODINGMETHOD
¢g¢olo«½h«£¢g©· ¨|¸£l§ ยุคปลาย 4HAINESS IS OR DETERMINE WHATŋS 4HAI AND 4HISISOURULTIMATEGOALASALEARNINGSPACE
รัชกาลที่ ๙ph~¦o¼pp¨¢h©¬l£«½h¯¯· WHATŋSUN4HAI )NTHEAGEOFglobalizationS ANDthe ANDDISCOVERYMUSEUM
¬}g}·£op£g¨lg·hh¸£hiÇ ¬}·£pig£{ol»«§Æ o Sufficiency Economy eraS THEMIDDLE
l£«½h¯j¦Çh}£«}¨g£{»Ë£l¢u}·£o± ¥«si£ CLASSREDEŴNED4HAINESSBREAKINGAWAYFROM Ŋ-USEUM3IAMŋ
TRADITIONALFRAMESBUTTHETHREEMAINPILLARS
STILLREMAINEDTHEHEARTOF4HAINESS
6 7
ผังนิทรรศการ FLOOR PLANS
๘ ๒
ไทย INTER ไทยแปลไทย
INTERNATIONAL THAI DEFINING “THAINESS”
๔
ไทยสถาบัน
THAILAND’S
๑๑ ๑๐ ๙ ๗ ๑๒ ๑๓ ๑๔
THREE PILLARS
๓ ๑ ๕ ๖
ไทยดีโคตร ไทยตั้งแต่เกิด ไทยรึเปล่า? ไทยอลังการ
THAINESS, ไทยชิม ไทยวิทยา ไทย ONLY ไทยเชื่อ ไทยประเพณี ไทยแชะ ไทยแค่ไหน
TASTE OF THAI LESSONS IN THAI ONLY IN THAILAND THAI BELIEFS THAI TRADITIONS THAI STUDIO BIRTH OF THAINESS IS THIS THAI? MAGNIFICENTLY THAI DEGREES OF THAINESS
BORROWED
ชั้น ๒ ชั้น ๓
THE 2ND FLOOR THE 3RD FLOOR
ถอดรหัส
¸ohiÇ¯|¸l£l¥|l£«Åhjo¢ol}·£gwg£{»_l£«½h¯`
iÆ«½h¼u£j¸~g«~io¬¡¢o£j¸¨}¥¯·¯|¸ £gwg£{»«·£hiÇ«g¥|j¦Çh·£o
¯·¨|·h¬¡¯·ii·£·£p¡|oh¢Æh«£¡_l£«½h¯ìl££g
£«l§Æh¯¬¡«iÆh¬o¯}£¨l¢ph£gp¡£lË£pË£g¢|l£®|±
ไทยรึISเปล่ า?
THIS THAI?
๑
¯|¸·£or¢|«ph
DECODING
4HISGALLERYBRINGSTOGETHERIDEASANDOPINIONSSURROUNDINGTHEIDEAOF What is “Thainess”?

_4HAINESS`WHICHISADEBATABLETOPICTHATCANNOTBEEASILYRESOLVED “ความเป็นไทย” คืออะไร?
3UCHASIMPLEQUESTIONYETSODIŹCULTTOANSWER
4HEQUESTIONCONTINUESANDSEEMSIMPOSSIBLETODEŴNECLEARLYBECAUSE lË£~£®g¸}¢¬}·¢Ço¢¢Ço¦h 7HETHERYOUŋREA4HAIORNOT4HAINESSISHARDTODEŴNE
4HAINESSISDIVERSEDYNAMICANDEVER CHANGING
«r§Æ§¯·¯pih¢ÆogÅ¢ooo
What is “Thainess”?
4HE7AI4EMPLES0ALACES0OLITENESS)STHATIT
“ความเป็นไทย” คืออะไร?
¯¸¢|¢o«go®pp¢o¬l·hiÇ« What counts as “Thainess”?
)STHIS4HAI
(OW4HAIISIT
“ความเป็นไทย” อยู่ตรงไหน? (OWISIT4HAI
¯¦«·£ So many answers surround us.
¯¬l·¯h 4AKEACLOSELOOKANDYOUWILLSEE
¯¢o¯o ,ETŋSDECODE4HAINESSSOYOUCANTAKEITHOMEWITHYOU
คําตอบหลากหลายอยู่ใกล้ตัว
หาให้เจอ ความมัวจะหายไป
แล้ว_~|¢¯`ใส่ถุงกลับบ้านกัน
ไทยรึเปล่า?
๑
13
IS THIS THAI?
12
๑
IS THIS THAI?
เทรนด์ใหม่
โชว์ชุดไทยรับปริญญาเมืองนอก
A NEW TREND!
Wearing Thai Costumes for Commencement
หน้าไม่ไทย? ในละครย้อนยุค
FARANG FACE, CHINESE LOOK
In a Period Drama?
«§Ç«e¿£|~£hi¥¨¢h»¯iiir·o «§Ç«e¿£|rhg£h}»r¢r££
)MAGE#OURTESYOF4HAI4ELEVISION#HANNEL )MAGE#OURTESYOF#HONNAKARN*ATCHAVALA
14 15
๑
IS THIS THAI?
โอเคมั้ย?
เลดี้กาก้า สวมชฎาขึ้นคอนเสิร์ต ทศกัณฐ์หยอดขนมครก...ได้มั้ย?
ARE YOU OK? RAVANA, THE GREAT KING
Lady Gaga Donning the Thai Theatirical Headdress Can he cook?
16 17
¸ohi«Ç }Å¯|¸}©¸ r»¬¡¥hÇ r¢gj¸©®hg£_~|¢¯`¢}~¨p|¢ ¬|o¢oÇ |

l§¥oÆ i~Æ g© hË££®r¸«½h}¢¬hl£«½h¯®h¬}·¡¨l¢¢}~¨p|¢ ¬|o¬}·¡r¥hÇ
p¡~©g~|¢«§Æ¬l££·£«}¨®|¥ÆohiÇp¦oil£«½h¯«g¥|j¦Çhp£g
®l «§Æ¯· ¬¡|¸«}¨®| iÆ¬h·± ~¸££g¸£ol£«½h¯j¦Çh£|¸
ไม่น่าเชื่อว่า
เราค้นหาคําจํากัดความ “ความเป็นไทย” แทบไม่ได้
แม้คําๆ นี้ จะถูกนํามาใช้อยู่ตลอดเวลา
ทําไมความเป็นไทยต้องลึกลับขนาดนั้น
เพราะ
มันมียุคสมัย มีวันหมดอายุ และมีคนสร้างขึ้นใหม่
มันมีความเคลื่อนไหว มีการผสมผสาน และมีความหลากหลาย
ไทยตัBIRTH้งแต่
๓ เกิด
OF THAINESS
}¢«o o«§gjor¥Çh®|gÅ¯|¸®h¸ohiÇ¯¡g ¢o·£p¡¯|¸l£«½h¯
g¢¸£h¯¢hi นี่คือเหตุผลว่า ทําไม “ความเป็นไทย” จึงไม่มีคาํ จํากัดความ
DECODING
4HAINESS`!LLOFTHEITEMSSHOWNHEREREPRESENT4HAINESSINDIŸERENTERAS
%ACH OF THE ITEMS IS DECODED AND ANALYZED TO SEE WHY IT REPRESENTS
4HAINESSWHOSAIDSOWHENANDWHY)FYOUWANTTOCREATEYOURVERSION
OF4HAINESSPICKANYOFTHEITEMSTOASSEMBLE4HAINESSINYOUROWNWAY
แบบสําเร็จรูปพร้อมใช้
ดังนั้น การ “ถอดรหัสไทย” เพื่อค้นหาที่มาที่ไปของความเป็นไทย

อาจจะทําให้เราเห็นและเข้าใจความเป็นไทยได้ชัดเจนยิ่งขึ้น
เพราะวันนี้ เราก็เป็น “ผู้สร้าง” ความเป็นไทยคนหนึ่งเหมือนกัน
"ELIEVEITORNOT
7ESTILLCANŋTDEŴNE_4HAINESS`
ALTHOUGHTHISWORDISUSEDALLTHETIME
7HYDOESITHAVETOBESOCOMPLICATED
ไทยแปลไทย
๒
DEFINING “THAINESS”
"ECAUSEí
4HAINESSCHANGESFROMERATOERA
ANDEACHDEŴNITIONCOMESWITHANEXPIRYDATE
)TOFTENGETSREMADE
)TISDYNAMICECLECTICANDDIVERSE
4HISISWHY_4HAINESS`DOESNOTHAVEACLEARDEŴNITION
3ODECODING4HAINESSTOŴNDOUTITSORIGINISAGOODWAY
TOHELPUSSEEANDUNDERSTAND4HAINESS
7EAS4HAIPEOPLEAREALSOCREATORSOF4HAINESS
ไทยแปลไทย
๒
DEFINING “THAINESS”
๑๔
ไทย ONLY
ไทยตั ้งแต่เกิด
23
๓
ONLY INOFTHAILAND
BIRTH THAINESS
22
££¥h¥£
Prasat Phimai Tem
Temple
IN.AKHON2ATCHASIMA0ROVINCE
IN.AKHON2ATCHAS
«§Ç«e¿£|¥}£~¥¡r}¥
Image Courtesy of Atitaya Tirachot
g·hp¡«g¥|l£«½h¯ £{¢}~¨®h¨lg·h¡¢}¥£}»«§Æ £¸£«½h¢zh·£o|¸£h££ ¡¥¢}»g¥«} ¥¡i¥r¢

®h¢g·h¡¢}¥£}»£|i¨j¢ g·£ciÆ¬¸«g¥|j¦Çhg·hp¡i£{£p¢g¯|¸sËÇ£ jo««ri}¡¢hg«qio®}¸ lh¬~hiÇg¥h £¨©· ¡·£o¨}iÆ l¸h
¬}·l£«g·£¬g· l£o|o£ ¬¡g£¬|o~¦o £¸£g¢h¢oÇ h¢hÇ ¬¡g¥h£h£h¬¸¢oÇ u |«|Åp g¡£|Ë£o£r£h¨£®h
¨£¬¡¢}hg¥h»}h}¸h £®h¨l£{ ¸¸£h«riop¦o«½h «j ·£ ¯ £ hgp£g¡¸h c«½h©«l£®hh¥g£££h¯|¸
©¸lh¢o¬·og¨·g¢h}£g¨·r£}¥¢h¨»££ ¢u¢g{»l£«g·£¬g·jo£{£p¢g¯ s¦Æo l£¨|©{» _j¸£®hh£ £®hhËÇ£` ¢¥¥p£g¥h«|i¬¡r£
§g¨·©h»Ë£h£p®h¸o~¥Æh}·£o± _l£«g·£`hiÆ«o«½hl¨{¢}¥h¦ÆoiÆ~©ghË££®r¸ jo©¥£lhiÇ¬¸¢o·og_h¥ìÆ ~¸££l«h§i¥¡«rio¬h £lg£o
¸£ol£«½h¯ }og¢h¯··£r£}¥¯h££®| i ¨j¢ ¨£ £l®}¸gÅi¡¥¢}»
¬¸¨l«·£h¢Çhp¡«½h¨liÆig£¸£ol»©¬
g¥«}ol»hiÇ«½h¢u¢g{»jo¨
¥¢zhiÆ«½hjo}¢«o¬¸gÅ}£ Dating back more than 2,000 years, long before the kingdom &ERMENTED ŴSH (pla ra) is a common dish in
£h£®h|¥h¬|h£l®}¸
of Siam was founded, Bang Chiang pottery is ancient yet 3OUTHEAST!SIA)THASBEENALOCALFAVORITEFOR
¬}·l£«½h¯_¬£}x£h`¢o¯·«g¥|j¦Çh EXQUISITELYMADE)TREŵECTSAPRE HISTORICCIVILIZATIONAND centuries, enjoyed among Mon, Khmer, Burmese,
´
This statue of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara is
«£¡Ë£h¦g«§Æor£}¥}£¬¢®·¢o¯·i attests to Thailand’s long history. Its antiquity makes it 3IAMESEAND,AOPEOPLES&ERMENTEDŴSHREŵECTS
A3RIVIJAYANARTIFACTFROMTHETH THCENTURY
a perfect representation of Thainess. the fertility of the region and is a shared taste
¢op£g_r£}¥`«g¥|j¦Çhg£¸£o_l£«½h¯` in food.
DISCOVEREDBY0RINCE$AMRONGIN
4HEŴGUREISAMahayana
¯ ¯ Buddhist
p¦o«g¥|j¦Çh}££ IMAGEWITH)NDIANAND*AVANESE
INŵUENCE
"EFORE4HAINESSCAMEABOUTDURINGTHE$VARAVATI3UKHOTHAI
!YUTTHAYAANDEARLY2ATTANAKOSINPERIODSPEOPLEWEREDIVIDED
BYTHEIRETHNICITYLANGUAGEANDALLEGIANCETOLOCALAUTHORITY
ŵGURES
7HILETHEREWEREDISTINCTCULTURESANDTRADITIONSTHEREWAS
NOSTANDARDDEŵNITIONOF4HAINESSBECAUSETHEREWASNOCONCEPT
OFNATIONATTHETIME
4HAINESSWASCONCEIVEDAFTERTHECONCEPTOFNATIONCAMEINTO
BEING
24 25
«p|i» o¨· j¸£¥{y»~§ «½hg£l¥|l¸h¢
«iÆ h«§Æ ¸£ol£¬}g}·£o«p|i» o¨·
j¸£¥{y»i·h¡gjo¥¡£±
g¨g¢h¢Ço¨j¢¸£hh£«j¬¡
·£¬}·«§Æ g¢h¬¸g£«½h«g¢g{»
jo¨j¢«½h«p|i»ig©¬h¦ÆoiÆ~©ghË£
£®r¸¬|ol£«½h¯
4HELOTUSBUD SHAPEDSTUPAKNOWNASPhum Khao
Bin, is considered a cultural amalgamation. The shape
¥£p£¦g¨j¢ ¢giÆ ~©g®r¸«½hp¨|«¥Æ}¸h
WASINŵUENCEDBYVARIOUSCULTURESñ3UKHOTHAI
¡¢}¥£}»r£}¥¯ ££¯ ¬¡¡£ ,ANNA+HMERAND"URMESEñMIXEDTOGETHERINTO ¢oÇ ¡¨£h£¬¡¡¨©¸h¯|¸ £¢gr£|g¢|ir¨ p¢o¢|¨j¢
g¢}¥»®h¨|l}¥jo¯l§·glo©g a Sukhothai style. This stupa shape is always used ¢p£g¥¥¥h«|i¬¡i¢og£¬}·g£ £gw£«¸hiÆi«l¸£¥¥¬
¢rg£iÆ h·£p¡o«Åhl£Ë£l¢u®h«h§Ç £jo as a representation of Thainess. «§g¢¢¬}·ogÅ£Ë ®¸«g¥|«½h«g¢g{» ¥h«|i i¢og£ g·hp¡¢zh££
lË£·£_¢olg`l§«§olg}·£®h¢¢}hg¥h»
¥£p£¦g¢ghiÇ iÆp¡®r¸¬|o}¢}hjo¯¯|¸ p¦o ¯j¦Çhpho|o£¯·¬¸}¸hgË£«h¥| «½h¬·£op¥}g¯ «£p¡
p¦o«iÇh«½hlË£·£¢olg
o¬¡£r£h®¸g¢ «s» p»h £¥Æo ¡¨©£oi£¢¨j¢ol»hiÇ ¢Ço «Åh£hiÇ·l¢Ço«§Æig£©|~¦o
®h¨}iÆ ¥}¢{y»¬h|»«h_«l§Æ o¢olg`
«§Æ¬|ol£«½h_r£}¥`¬¡_l£«½h¯` o|o£i«g¢g{»«q£¡~¦ojh£|·£«Åh ¨£h£§¥¡¢¨j¢
p£g£g£«½h¥hl¸£|h¥jo}·£o¡«·£o£g
}·r£g ¬¸©¸¯|¸¢hi·£_hiÆ¯`
}·£¯|¸g£«½h¢u¢g{»h¦Æojo¨j¢«§o®h¨|l}¥ ! STONE ENGRAVING AT 7AT 3I #HUM IN
4HEŴRST3UKHOTHAISTONEINSCRIPTIONISCONSIDEREDTOBE jol£«½h¯ Buddhist teachings and Buddha statues were 3UKHOTHAI0ROVINCEDEPICTSTHESTORYOF
THEBEGINNINGOF4HAIHISTORY4HAILANGUAGEAND4HAI STYLE brought to Siam from India and Sri Lanka, but THE"UDDHA4HESTYLEAPPEARSTOHAVE
KINGSHIPWHICHISCHARACTERIZEDASASYSTEMOFBENEVOLENT Sangkhalok pottery got its name from the district it originated from gradually, they were adapted to suit the Thai )NDIANAND3RI,ANKANINŵUENCES"EFORE h¢o®u· iiÆ£p£g _£¢o©£` jor£ }·£ig£¢zh£ ®·l£
patriarchy where “the father protects his children.” ñ3AWANKHALOK$ISTRICTIN3UKHOTHAI0ROVINCE)NTHETHCENTURY culture, thereby adopting a Thai style which is AUNIQUELY4HAISTYLEWASDEVELOPEDTHIS ¡{i}¡|¥x»·o·£g£«r¥|phg£«½h¥¡¯i¢gx£hr¢|«ph
King Rama IV saw the importance of words in this Sangkhalok pottery, which were considered luxury products at the as exquisite as the original style. was the style often seen in Buddhist or
·£«¥Æ«·hg¢h£}¢Ço¬}·}¸hgöi¨£
INSCRIPTIONWHICHREŵECTEDTHE4HAIIDENTITYANDTHEREFORE time, became popular export goods among the Japanese and other This Walking Buddha from the Sukhothai Era Sukhothai art.
PRESENTEDTHETRANSLATEDVERSIONTO3IR*OHN"OWRING countries in Asia and Europe. IS MARVELOUS AND UNIQUE AND IMMEDIATELY .ANG9AISHADOWPLAY ORIGINATEDFROM*AVANESE_7AYANG0URWAÀNCIENTPUPPET
£«¸hp£gh¢o§¡r¨¥£p£¦g£liÆ
"RITISHAMBASSADOR ASAPROOFTHAT3IAMWASACIVILIZED Later, Sangkhalok pottery became a Sukhothai signature, a city which RECOGNIZABLEAS4HAI ¡p£¦g¢g¯££«¸hpË£¢gh¬·h¥h«giÆ g¢ THEATREART 4HEARTFORMDEVELOPEDGRADUALLYWITHNEWELEMENTSANDSTYLESBEING
nation with a long and continuous history. REŵECTSIDEAL4HAINESS r£|g}·£o±®hr£|g¸£¸r£}¥iÆ ¡|¢¯¸®h«p|i» |¢ ir¨ ¨j¢ ADDEDUNTILITBECAMEA4HAIART4HEREISCLEAREVIDENCETHATTHEARTHASBEENAROUND
£p£gh¢o§|gr·£o¥¶¯|¨|Ë£¥»g¨ |l{¡gg£p¢|¥»«g££o¡¢}¥£}»
p¢|¥»|log£§£h|g¢zh¯ Ë£h¢gh£g¢xh}i SINCETHEEARLY!YUTTHAYA%RAORATLEASTYEARSAGO
26 27
¢|¡i¢}h£|££
Wat Phra Kaeo
¢|¡i«ru»¨£ «§Ç«e¿£|i¢wx»¢|¥Ê ¡¨¯£¢|¡«r}¨h
7AT0HRA3I3ANPHETIN!YUTTHAYA0ROVINCE Image Courtesy of Srirath Somsawat The Reclining Buddha at Wat Pho
p£gg£¡«·hg~¢ggbjo¥h«|i®}¸iÆh¥
¡¬g¸g}¯|¸¢g£¥©ph»¬¸·£«½h «·h«§Æ o££{¡¬·£¯©r· £j¸£¯
¡¨©®h¥¡¸£hh£ g¨r·£o¡«£ «jg££«½h_r¢gh£l|¦g|Ë£»`¢
¸£oj¦hÇ ®h¸£hh£g·h~©g¢u«r¥u¯«iop¢hh» }¸hgöi¨£
hï ¬¡gö« }£Ë£|¢¡¬g¸g} jh¯«½h_jo©oì¬¬hiÆ«l·ol¢|
~§«½h¡¨©¡pË££r£{£p¢g¯ ®h£rË£h¢g«½h¢}¥jor£}¥ p¦o~©g®r¸«½h
4HE%MERALD"UDDHAISEVIDENTLYA,ANNASTYLEBUILT ¢u¢g{»l£«½h¯·£oh¦Æo
in Lanna (the ancient kingdom once situated in the
NORTHOF4HAILAND BEFOREBEINGMOVEDTO6IENTIAN Kathakali, a classical Indian dance, often presented
,AOS 4HONBURI AND "ANGKOK RESPECTIVELY 4HE the story of Ramayana. The performance spread to
Emerald Buddha is considered the palladium of the *AVATHE+HMEREMPIREANDLATER!YUTTHAYA)TWAS
Kingdom of Thailand. DEVELOPEDINTOkhon, a performance in the Siamese
royal court.
Thai khonFOLLOWSAVERYSTRICTCODEANDISCONSIDERED
a high royal art. It is a national heritage and a perfect
portrayal of Thainess.
p¥}g¯iiÆ££g£ «r·h pih ¥h«|i

io¢ g£g·hp¡¢zh£¸£ol»ph¯|¸© ¬jo
«£«o«½h«g¢g{»¯
|¸|£ «¸h£ iÆi¬¬h §|£
£h£h¬¡~©g®r¸®h§ÇhiÆ¢g|¥Ê¥¥Ê¬·ol£«½h
¯«r·h¢|¢op¥}g¯p¦o«½h|g¯iÆ
jh£h¬hiÇ«½hiÆ©¸g¢h·£«½hjh¯¬h· ¬¸p¡i¡¢}¥¬¡ ||«|·hr¢|«ph
l£«½h£p£g}·£or£}¥ ¬}·gÅ~©g¢«iÆhph¬¯·«§ 4HAIPAINTINGWASINŵUENCEDBYMANYCULTURESñ#HINA
«l¸£«|¥¢oÇ r§Æ r£}¥¬¸g¡¢oÆ ©·£oh¸£}£~©gö®·®·l£ )NDIAAND3RI,ANKAñBEFOREDEVELOPINGITSOWNSTYLISTIC
¡{i}phg£«½h_jh¯` identity.
The strokes and lines are steeped in history, gracing sacred
You know instantly that this is Thai dessert. Despite its Western origin, PLACESTHATREŵECT4HAINESSSUCHASTEMPLESANDPALACES
ITHASBEENSOLOCALIZEDTHATITHASBECOMEFULLY4HAIFROMTHENAMETO Thai painting has become a form of Thai heritage.
the shape.
28 29
gË£«h¥|l£«½h¯
«§Æl£«iÆh¬ojog«j¸££g¡©¥£l««ri
·£oig«iÆo¯·¯|¸£¡«pË£«½h}¸o¢}¢«§Æ o¨ïÆ«ig·£ o£|¯ ¢g
l£©·| £gw©®· h£h}»¡l¸h¨l~§«½h
«g¢g{»¯·£oh¦oÆ ohihÇ ¥ g¢h£
}¢oÇ ¬}·¢¨£ph~¦o¢¢rg£iÆ
®hr·o£iÆh¢p£g¢rg£iÆ«½h}¸h£ ¢|ig¢ {¡«§ho£|¯jo
_l£«½h¯`~©g¸£oj¦Çh«§ÆË£h£p£og£«§o ol»g¢}¥»®h©jo¡h££{»¡¢
¨¨ ¬}·¢|iph£«§Æ ©g|g¯¸§
¬¡¢zh«j¸£©··hg£o|i¡£g¢}¥»«½h «gÅ¢|©¯¸ohiÇ|l£h¥®h¢
«h§h£l«§Æ©·®hhËÇ£olÿ«§Æ}¸og£
¢rg£iÆ«r·hg¢h
©h»g£oi¡«{i¥¡£££h£«½h¢zh ¡£r¥i £r£¥«g§g£«|Åpj¦hÇ lo£r»«½h¡£g¢}¥»
«£¡«¥h «½h¬·£op£gl}¥¥h|© ¬}·
¬·or£}¥·£o«|ig¢h¢zh¸o~¥Æh®h¨lhiÇ~©gp¢|©·®h |¸©¬iÆ¢«iÆh¯«§Æ _·£h§
·£o©{»¬}·«|¥«½h«hi·£o¥h|©¯hË££¢«iÆ h«¥Æ «}¥
¯` Ë£®¸«g¥|u£h£l _h¸£¯` ¬¡
§ÇhiÆiÆ_¯·®r·¯`g·hp¡~©g®¸g£«½h_¯` ¥i ¨ ®hr·o}¸h¬¸l·|Ë£«h¥h}£·£o¥h|©php¥i |¢oh¢hÇ ¨llË£l¢u
¥oÆ Ë£®¸g£¡£r¥gi ¡h¨£}£
¡£«£¥£r¯·®r·¡¨©¬}·«½h««p¸£¡pË£¡«¸£oj¦hÇ
®hiÆ¨| ®hg£_¥«g`¡«p¸£¬·h|¥hp¦o«½h£{»©¸¡g¡£r¥i }£¡£r|Ë£¥jo¡£«|Åp¡p«g¸£«p¸£©· ¢ ·£«§o¯«£hiÇ
£or£lil£«½h¯}·«h§Æo£p£g
i«}¨g£{»¥|±p¡}¸o«i¥£££}·£l¢oÇ ¬}·«¥u®¸«i }¨
4HE2OYAL#ORONATION#EREMONYSIGNIŴESTHEOŹCIALRECOGNITIONOFTHERULINGMONARCH ¢¨£
by society. Formerly, it was a Hindu ceremony, but Buddhist elements were later
|¸h¯|¸«£ r¡p¡i«|£ol»®|ol»h¦ÆoiÆl¥¢g»¢g£©· 4HE_-AHADTHAI`HAIRCUTISOFTENSEENINPERIODŴLMS
_l£«½h¯`~©g¢zh£j¦Çhphg¡¢Æoi«£¢giÆ¢Æhlo added at the beginning of the ceremony. The person who performs the coronation is The Hindu god Narai, a symbol of the King, sits on a p¦olp¡Ë£©«¡ol»h¢Çhj¦Çh¯¸¢gg£¡©r£ and TV dramas. This hairstyle was popular from
¬jÅo¬o®h©jor£}¥£h£¬¡¡£g¢}¥» a Brahmin priest. Naga serpent when in water, and on the legendary
Garuda bird when in the sky. Hinduism was adapted Phra Siam Thewathirat is not a Buddha image, but is an image of the deity who protects
the Ayutthaya Era to the reign of King Rama V.
The “Thad” hairstyle looks similar to the “Ma
¥Æo}·£o±£®}¸~£¢h¢ghiÇl§}¢¬|o_l£«½h¯` £p£gp|£«}¨¬·or£}¥g¥£gg¡o¢zh
h¢o§£·£h¨g¸op»h¢h ¢Çohl¢|¬¡«§or£¼¾o¡«pih
to suit the Thai culture, and therefore the Naga the country. It was built during King Rama IV’s reign, as the King felt that Siam had hadthai” style, but the sideburns were kept long
HASA4HAI STYLEFACE4HEROYALBARGEPROCESSION RISKEDLOSINGITSSOVEREIGNTYMANYTIMESBUTHADALWAYSMADEITTHROUGH4HEREMUST and tucked behind the ears or decorated with
®h¨l¢}·£ |¯£»«c¾«}}£¢zh»p¢|¥»|Ë£h¢g¥»¥«»¨¹l»
)MAGESFROM/ŹCEOF.ATIONAL!RCHIVES$EPARTMENTOF&INE!RTS-INISTRYOF#ULTURE which has existed since the Ayutthaya Era, is one BEADIVINEBEINGWATCHINGOVERTHECOUNTRYANDTHEREFOREANIMAGEWASBUILTTOPAY ŵOWERS4HESTYLELOSTITSAPPEALDURINGTHEREIGN
3IAM4HROUGHTHELENSOF*OHN4HOMSON INCLUDING!NGKORANDCOASTAL#HINA
"Y0AISARN0IEMMETTAWAT0UBLISHEDBY2IVER"OOK0RESS of the ceremonies that represents Thainess. tribute to this deity. of King Rama V.
4HE/RIGINOF4HAINESS
!STHEWORLDBEGANTOCHANGE!SIAWASINEVITABLYAFFECTEDINCLUDING
THE+INGDOMOF3IAMWHICHHADTOADAPTORDIE
)NTHESDURINGTHEREIGNOF+ING2AMA)6THEIDEAOF_4HAINESS`

WASCREATEDINORDERTOINTRODUCEPOLITICALANDCULTURALCENTRALIZATION
WITHTHEKINGATTHECENTER4HEKINGDOMBEGANTOBEUNIŵEDINTERMSOF
CULTUREARTSLANGUAGEANDRELIGION$URINGTHISPERIODLOCALCULTURES
WERECATEGORIZEDAS_NON 4HAI`BUTWERELATERASSIMILATEDINTO4HAINESS
_4HAINESS`DEVELOPEDGRADUALLYUNTILASTRONGCOREWASFORMED
!TTHECOREOF4HAINESSISTHETRIADOF_NATIONRELIGIONANDKING`
&ROMTHATPOINTONEVERYTHINGTHATCAMEUNDERTHISTRIADWASCONSIDERED
APARTOF4HAIIDENTITY

£¡«g¸£«j¸£©·¨l£®· ®hj{¡iÆ·££©£«j¸£h}·£o}g«½h£{£h¥ljor£}¥}¡¢h}g !SITSNEIGHBORS-YANMAR-ALAYU,AOSAND#AMBODIABECAMECOLONIZEDBY%UROPEANCOUNTRIES
THE+INGDOMOF3IAMENTEREDANEWERA
¡£«|Åp¡p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢¢rg£iÆ¯·£p}·©¸|¸_gË£¢oò«§giÆp¡}·©¸|¸_¼uu£`
+ING2AMA)6REALIZEDTHAT
£r©}£«j¸£«³£~£«l§Æ ool£r{£g£¬|·
S
o¬|o®¸«Åh·££¡«i¡¢}¥£}»il£«½hr£}¥¬¡«½hr£}¥£¡ ITWOULDNOTSUFŵCETOŵGHTUSINGFORCEñWEMUSTŵGHTUSINGWISDOM
o¬¡¢}¥£}»£p£g¥£p£¦g¡£r£h©}r£¢og +ING2AMA)6PROVEDTHATTHE+INGDOMOF3IAMWASASTRONGCOUNTRYRICHINHISTORYWHICHWASHOMETOCIVILIZATION ¡«p¸£h«ihiÆ{¡£r¢oo¬}h¡«
o®r¸h£_£`«½hr§Æ¡«¬hg£®r¸r§Æ«§oo¬«g·£ (IS-AJESTYTRANSLATED3IAMESEHISTORYFROMSTONEINSCRIPTIONSANDGAVEITTOTHE"RITISHAMBASSADORS ¢Æo««§Æc
4HE+INGDOMBECAMEKNOWNAS_3IAMÌNSTEADOFBEINGREFERREDTOBYCITYNAMES
o«¥Æ¢ö«iÆh¬o£¡««§Æ®¸«·£¢hg +ING2AMA)6TRANSFORMEDTHE+INGDOMOF3IAMTOKEEPUPWITHTHEWORLD 3IAMESE AMBASSADORS OŸERED ROYAL TRIBUTES TO &RENCH
_l£«½h¯`«¥Æ}¸hj¦Çh¸£o¬¸{p¨|hiÇ !TTHISPOINT_4HAINESS`HADBEGUN Emperor Napoleon III at Royal Château de Fontainebleau in
&RANCEIN
£p£gh¢o§£r£{£p¢g£{¡£r¢oo¬}h|i|i¥©¥¥~i
¢rg£iÆ¡£r£h£¡¬g¸g}
£hiÇ®¸¬g· «s» p»h «£»¥o £r©}
¢og ¬|o~¦ol£«½h£r£{£p¢g
iÆ i £h£¨ «½ h ¢ g ¬· o l£«r§Æ
hiÆl§l£££l¢ÇoË£l¢ujo¡£«|Åp¡p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢ l£¢£
¢rg£iÆ o®r¸¢gx£h£o¡¢}¥£}» ¬¡|i}¢h¨·o«§o ¬|o
King Rama IV presented this image of the Emerald
_£g` jol£«½h¯ ·£h¥£p£¦g¢giÆ |¸h¡¢}¥£}» "UDDHA TO 3IR *OHN "OWRING ANENVOYOF THE
r£}¥g¢¯~¦o¢¨j¢ «§Æ¬|o~¦ol£«g·£¬g·¬¡i£jo "RITISHGOVERNMENT TO SHOW THAT 4HAILAND HAD
£¡« Buddhism as its core belief. ®h|£«l§Æ ool£r{£g£iÆ ¡£«|Åp¡p«g¸£«p¸£©· ¢ ·o¯¡£r£h¬|·¡«p¸£h«ihiÆ
Image from The Kingdom and People of Siam by Sir John Bowring ¬·o¢oÆ «ijoË£l¢u£r¥hÇ ¢oÇ ¡£og¨vs¦oÆ «½h«l§Æ o¥¥r¢hÇ ©ojo¯«£¯·£¡£r¡ol»
+ING2AMA)6USEDHISTORICALARTIFACTSTOESTABLISHTHECOUNTRYŋSGLORIOUSPASTCIVILIZATION 0UBLISHEDBY/XFORD5NIVERSITY0RESS
l¢ÇohiÇ¬h·r¢|¬}·¥Æojoh¢Çh·«½h}¢¬hjo¡£g¢}¥»£¬¡¡¸h_££¡`¯|¸«½h·£o|i
ANDTOPROVETHEROOTSOF4HAINESS4HE+INGTRANSLATEDINTO%NGLISHTHEŴRSTSTONE
inscription dating to the Sukhothai Era in order to show that Siam had a long and +ING2AMA)6SENTMANYROYALTRIBUTESTO+ING.APOLEON)))OF&RANCEINCLUDINGROYALCROWNSANDHIGH RANKREGALIA4HEOBJECTIVEOF
CIVILIZEDHISTORY THESETRIBUTESISNOTKNOWNBUTITCANBESURMISEDTHATTHEYREPRESENTEDTHE+INGOF3IAMANDREŵECTED3IAMESECIVILIZATION
£p£gh¢o§£r£{£p¢g¬¡£v£«· |«s»p»h«£»¥o
£p£gh¥}£¥¢zh
p¢|¥»|©h¥¥}}¸£¡«¯©h¥¥log£}Ë££¢ol£}»¬¡h¨£}»
32 33
£¡««j¸£©·¨l¢®·
h¢}¢Ço¬}·¢rg£iÆ¬¡
4HE+INGDOMOF3IAMHADENTEREDANEWERA
DURINGTHEREIGNSOF+ING2AMA66)AND6))
¬·£ojo«§Ç¨¨jo¯hiÇ ¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£ «|¥i¡ihÆ o¢Æ p¢gi£££p¡}¸o«½h£l£¬¢oÆ ¸h±}£¡£r¡ol»

«p¸£©·¢o¡¨g}»j¦Çh¢op£g«|Åp¡£r|Ë£«h¥hg¢p£gg£ jo¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©· ¢ ¬}·«|Åp«p¸£¡££i¨ ¥ o»
«§h¡«¥h«|i«§Æc ¢g{¡«½h«§Ç©ij£l}¢Ço r·o¨hh£l ©¸ £Ë «Åp£rg£¬·h|¥hg£¢ol©j¡£r£h®¸¸£o|«½h
g¡|¨¸£«Å|l¸£«§Çjo£¢og _«§Ç¬o` § ££¬¯¬jo¡iÆh¢Æop¢gi£££p¦og«½h_¢Æo®·rv£`·£o
2AJ 0ATTERN hiÇ }¢|~£|r·£o«§Çr£«§og¢g¢}}£ ¡« iÆ«Åh®h¼pp¨¢h«½hg££h¯g¢¢Æo·g¢h·£o¥«
Courtesy of the National Museum of Singapore, National Heritage Board
¥h«|i ¬}·}·£g£«½h _r¨|¯` |h¥Ë£¢«p¸£·£§
The Chakri Maha Prasat Throne Hall was supposed to look purely Western, following the royal
©¸iÆ}¸og£¬}·o¯ command of King Rama V. Sri Suriwongse, the regent, proposed that the roof should be Thai,
The style of the Thai men’s jacket was designed by similar to the roof of the throne hall in the Ayutthaya Era. Therefore, the Chakri Maha
+ING2AMA6AFTERHISROYALVISITTO)NDIAIN Prasat Throne Hall turned out looking Western with a Thai crown. This was
)TISAWHITEJACKETWITHA-ANDARINCOLLARANDŴVE a marriage of Thai and Western motifs and a harmonious blend of
buttons, similar to a British soldier’s uniform. Called two cultures.
a Raj pattern jacket, this type of shirt was made by a «§Ç«e¿£|i¢wx»¢|¥Ê
Kolkata tailor in India. Later, it became a traditional Image Courtesy of Srirath Somsawat
Thai costume worn by grooms or those who wanted

to wear formal Thai clothes.
~hh«p¥ugö }¢|j¦Çh}£lË£jjo¢Æo®h¢¢rg£iÆ il££ «§Æl¢Ço¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢

g¥«}g·£«¥Æ¸£oj¦Çh®hc ¬¸«Åp®hc «£¢gp¡ ¢rg£iÆ «|Åp¡£¥ol»¯|¸¡£r£hr¸£o
¯|¸«Åh}¦g£¸£hr·o _¢®·` ¡h©·g¢£ri¥}¬|¢Ço«|¥jo Ë£¥|hiÇ¯¸«½hiÆ¡¦g«§Æ¢hiÆih£l
r££h~hh£hiÇ« ®hx£h¡¢}»l©·¡£i ¢}»h¢g«§Æ¸£h«§o
¬¡¢}»®h¥~i¯
Charoen Krung Road or New Road was constructed following Westerners’ requests
DURINGTHEREIGNOF+ING2AMA)6)TISABOUTMILESLONGANDBUILDINGBEGANIN +ING2AMA6VISITED3INGAPOREANDPRESENTEDTHISBRONZE
AND WAS COMPLETED IN /N THIS ROAD YOU CAN SEE MODERN BUILDINGS EXISTING ELEPHANT AS A TOKEN OF FRIENDSHIP ON -ARCH
alongside a more traditional way of life. The elephant has contributed to Thai society as a royal animal,
£p£gp|£«}¨¬·or£}¥g¥£gg¡o¢zh AWARANIMALANDANINTEGRALPARTOF4HAIPEOPLEŋSLIVES
)MAGESFROM/ŹCEOF.ATIONAL!RCHIVES$EPARTMENTOF&INE!RTS-INISTRYOF#ULTURE
Special Thanks to Cherry Thian
34 35
¡£¥r¢og¨v
4HE'REAT#ROWNOF6ICTORY
g£®r¸_}£lÿ`Ë£¢h¢o§£rg£hiÇ«½h«g¢g{»·£oh¦Æojo¯
}£p¢gi lÿl§£h¡jo¡h££{»
q¢}r¢Çh£~¦og£glo
4HE#HAKRI$YNASTY%MBLEM il££~¦o¡£rË£h£pjo¡£g¢}¥»iÆo«½hol»¡h££{»}£
¬£r£¥¯} 5SINGTHE'ARUDAEMBLEMINOFŵCIALGOVERNMENTLETTERSISATRAITOF4HAINESS
2OYAL3EVEN 4IERED5MBRELLA 'ARUDAIS.ARAIŌSMOUNTSOTHISEMBLEMSIGNIŵESTHATTHEKINGISBELIEVEDTOBE.ARAIŌSAVATAR
REPRESENTINGMONARCHY
«l§Æo£rgg¨¢{y» }£¡lÿ·£»«½h¡£r¢upg¡pË£¬·h|¥h
«l§Æo£rgg¨¢{y» ¬}·«|¥«½h©h££{»olÿ
¡¬ojl»r¢i¬¸£op£i £¡g¢|£¥rhi
#ROWN*EWELS 'ARUDAISTHEROYALEMBLEMOF4HAILAND
#ROWN*EWELS &ORMERLYITWAS.ARAIMOUNTEDON'ARUDA
3CEPTER0ALM,EAF&AN
4HE3WORDOF6ICTORY9AK4AIL7HIP
lri»g£ £ri»£|¯ }·£¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢

!N%LEPHANT,IONALIONWITHATRUNK 4HE+INGOFTHE,IONSTHE2AJASIHA o}¥·£}£¬·h|¥hiÆ«½h_}££»`h¢Çh¢Æo«g¥h¯
ORA'AJASIHA -AHADTHAI$EPARTMENT
+ALAHOM$EPARTMENT
p¦o|®¸«|Åp«p¸£³£ g¡£h¥£h¨¢|}¥o»
o«jih~£®·|®r¸¬·£olÿË£·£o«j
·¬|o£r£{£«j} ¡£¢o£h¢}h»¢}h£r£{» ,ATER+ING2AMA6SAIDTHATTHEROYALCOATOFARMSLOOKEDTOO7ESTERN
¨£h£ ANDORDERED0RINCE.ARISTODESIGNANEWONEUSINGA+HMER STYLE'ARUDA
r¸£o£«i£
#HAINOFTHE/RDEROFTHE.INE'EMS"UDDHISM
r¸£o«§g¡«£r£
g¥r¡«£r£©
!PLAQUESYMBOLICOFTHEEMPIRE «l§Æo£r¥¥£{»p¨p«g¸££r}¡g©
4HREE HEADED%LEPHANT3IAM 4HE/RDEROF#HULA#HOM+LAOROYALFAMILY
7HITE%LEPHANT,AOSADEPENDENCY
$AGGER-ALAYUADEPENDENCY }£lÿhiÇp¡ig£«iÆh¬¨g¢rg£«§Æ¡£g¢}¥»o·£h¡£r¥i£r£¥«g¬¸
_Ò«ËoÒn©}£hË£lÒliÿz¥£¥g£`
_l£¸«iojo¨ll¢Çoo©¸©· 4HE'ARUDAEMBLEMCHANGESWHENTHEREISANEWKINGAFTERTHEROYALCORONATIONCEREMONY
«l§Æo£rgg¨¢{y» qo¡ol»lö
qo¡£«r¥ooh 4HE'OLDEN#LOAK «½h|©·g¢h·«½h«l§ÆoË£l£«p¥u®¸Ë£«Åp`
#ROWN*EWELS _5NITYBRINGSHAPPINESS`
'OLDEN3ANDALS
}£lÿol»hiÇ®r¸Ë£¢gË£g¢¡£¥¯hgp£ghiÇ¢o®r¸}£lÿË£¢h¢o§£rg£}·£o±
}£¬·h|¥h£¬¨hiÇs·h¢¯¯¸®h©¬¢Æo·£o£g£ 4HIS'ARUDAEMBLEMISUSEDTOGETHERWITHTHEKINGŌSSIGNATURE)TISALSOUSEDINOFŵCIALGOVERNMENTLETTERS
4HE%UROPEAN STYLE3IAMESECOATOFARMSCONTAINSALMOSTALLTHEELEMENTSOFA%UROPEANCOATOFARMS
HOWEVERALLTHECOMPONENTSOFTHEEMBLEMARETRADITIONAL4HAIROYALSYMBOLS
36 37
¬hiqÆ ¢hi~Ç g© ®r¸s£ËÇ ¬¸sË£Ç «·£«§Æ
¬hiÆ£r£{£p¢g£q¢¬gjo¯ }gËÇ£|i}¬·og£©u«i
c¬|o®¸«Åhj«j}¬·o_¡£r ¬h·hhhiÆ«½h«§Æojo _r£}¥h¥`
Ë£h£p`¬¡gË£h|·£©¸ iÆ ©®· hj«j}jo ¬¡g£¨g«¸£
¬hiÆhiÇ ¸h}¸o¢ _l£«½h¯` ¬}·_l£«½h¯`©g}¥|©g· ¢ «§Æ o
¢l£«½h _r£}¥¯` «£¡hiÆl§ «r·hhiÇ«
qh|¬|ol£«½h«p¸£jo¡¢}¥£}» 4HISMAPHASBEENSHOWNOVERANDOVER
Ë£«h£¡£r¢}~«j£¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£ ¢zh ¬¡g£glo ®hj«j}|¥h AGAINTOREMINDUSOFTHELANDWEŋVELOST
¬|hhiÇ /F COURSE THE AIM IS TO EVOKE STRONG
«p¸£©·¢ «giÆg¢g{iiÆ£}¸o«i|¥h¬|h®¸¢Æo« nationalist sentiment, an emotion which
«§Æc 4HE ŴRST MAP OF THE +INGDOM OF 3IAM IN is linked to Thainess.
shows the King’s jurisdiction and ownership. Anyone
_)KNOWTHATSHOULD3IAMŋSSOVEREIGNTYCOMETOANENDMYLIFEWOULDEND` residing in the area was required to follow the
wrote King Rama V when Siam ceded considerable territory to France in code of Thainess and acknowledge that they were
a part of the Thai nation. The map was a sort of a
p£gh¢o§¨|£«}¨g£{»|¯gg»h£h£ deed that showed ownership and authority within
p¢|¥»|rlh¢g»³¡p¨p«g¸£ THESPECIŴEDAREA
38 39
g£«|Åp¡£}¸h §g£«|Åp·£oË£o ¯·«½h
£og£jo¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©· ¢ ¯|¸
¡¸h£g¢}¥®» h¨|l}¥jo¯l§_·glo©g`
s¦Æo£viÆig£¯|¸¢«|Åp¬ _®g¸r¥|` ~§«½h¢h
¬·ol£§Çc}¥iÆ¨|®hri¥}
+ING2AMA6ŋSUNOŹCIALVISITSWHENTHE+INGVISITEDHISPEOPLE
INCOGNITO REŵECTED THE SYSTEM OF BENEVOLENT PATERNALISM IN
WHICH THE _FATHER GOVERNS HIS CHILDREN` &OR A COMMONER TO
HAVEACHANCETOMEETTHE+INGONSUCHANOCCASIONWOULDBE
the greatest joy in life.
£p£gp|£«}¨¬·or£}¥g¥£gg¡o¢zh
)MAGESFROM/ŹCEOF.ATIONAL!RCHIVES$EPARTMENTOF&INE!RTS-INISTRYOF#ULTURE
|¢|¬op£g«§Ç }ir£¢og¢¥l}«ih £l£¡{i}·hr¸o|o£jor£¢o¯··£p¡£p£g

«¥Æ «½hihÆ ¥ ®h©· }irh¢Ç ©o®h¢¢rg£iÆ ¢h¦gh¢o§§¡l¢h» «Åh«§Æ¯· gÅh¦g~¦ol£ ¢¥h«½hiÆ©¸p¢g®hx£h¡«§o}£g£g£«§Æ
¬}·ig£|¢|¬o®¸«j¸£g¢©¥£g£¸£h«£ «½h¯¯|¸|¢}h¢}¥ ¢ÇohiÇ«£¡_r£¢o`¢Ço«p¸£h£¬¡ ¡£{c§®h}¸h¢rg£iÆ £«g·£
£gj¦hÇ phg£«½h_£pË£`jor¨|¯|¢oh¢hÇ h¢go£h¸h«½h¬·£oiÆ ¢g¢h·£«½h_£}o`jo ¢¥hjo_¯s`®h¨lh¢hÇ g£«½h£pË£ig
o£h¡«{ijo¯¯·£· o£hrg¡o l£«½h¯h¢Æh«o £iÆ®r¸«§Æ·ogg¥pgg£¢g·h¬
¡g|h£oo£ §¬¸¬}·«|Ågh¨£¬}·o _¯l£¥g`
4HEREŴNEMENTOFROYALLIFESTYLESASREPRESENTEDINCHRONICLESBOOKS
r¨|¡pË£r£}¥ gÅ«§Ç¬jh©¬hiÆ¬¡ | OR46DRAMASNEVERFAILSTOEVOKEASENSEOF4HAINESS4HISISBECAUSE (UA(INWASKNOWNASAHOLIDAYTOWNBACKIN
h¥iÆ¨| the residents of the royal court, from royalty to their courtiers, are during the reign of King Rama VI. The “elite” status of
considered the epitome of Thainess. Hua Hin represents an image of a classic Thai holiday.
)NTHESAFTER+ING2AMA6VISITED%UROPETHE
Victorian lace blouse became popular among Siamese £p£gp|£«}¨¬·or£}¥g¥£gg¡o¢zh
)MAGESFROM/ŹCEOF.ATIONAL!RCHIVES$EPARTMENTOF&INE!RTS
elite women. The blouse was adapted to suit the Thai Ministry of Culture
CLIMATEANDTHISTYPEOFBLOUSEHASBECOMERECOGNIZED
ASATRADITIONAL4HAICOSTUME!TTRADITIONALFESTIVALS
and ceremonies, from ordination ceremonies and the
,OY+RATHONG&ESTIVALTOBEAUTYPAGEANTSANDEVEN
in kindergartens, this type of lace blouse is the most
popular choice.

®h¢hiÇ«o )NTHISERA
+ING2AMA6)AND0RINCE$AMRONG
¡£«|Åp¡og¨v«g¸£«p¸£©·¢
CREATED_4HAINESS`
«|Åp g¡£|Ë£o£r£h¨£ BASEDONHISTORYANDMEMORIES
o¸£o_l£«½h¯`j¦Çh 4HECOREOF4HAINESSWASCENTERED
p£g¡¢}¥£}»¬¡_l£opË£`jor£}¥ ON.ATION2ELIGIONAND+INGí
Ë£®¸l£«½h¯i¢g¦|iÆ¬h·hhr¢|«ph «|Åp g¡£|Ë£o£r£h¨£
Prince Damrong Rajanubhab
l§r£}¥£h£¬¡¡£g¢}¥» £p£gp|£«}¨¬·or£}¥g¥£gg¡o¢zh
)MAGEFROM/ŹCEOF.ATIONAL!RCHIVES$EPARTMENTOF&INE!RTS-INISTRYOF#ULTURE
o¯}ol»«g¥|p£g¬hl¥|jo¢oÆ i«Æ jihl£ 4HETRICOLORŵAGWASSUGGESTEDBYAFOREIGNER

whose letter was published in the Bangkok Daily
oh¢o§¥» gö««|¥«» q¢¢hiÆ
MailNEWSPAPERON!UGUST4HELETTER
¥o£l ¥p£{»or£}¥¯s¦Æoj{¡h¢Çhi STATEDTHATTHETHENWHITEANDREDŵAGWAS_NOT
¬~¬|o¢j£·£ _¯·o·£Ë£¢¡«` graceful enough for the country,” and suggested
p¦o¬h¡hË£·£ ¬~}og£olp¡«½hihËÇ£«o¥hs¦Æo THATABLUESTRIPEñTHESYMBOLICCOLOROFTHE
+INGñBEADDEDATTHEMIDDLE+ING2AMA6)
«½hi·h¡ol» l££~¦o¡£«|Åp heard this idea, and said, “It looks beautiful,
¡og¨v«g¸£«p¸£©·¢¢rg£iÆp¦o| ®¸ and I must admit that it is more striking than
_o«jih¬j¦hÇ |©goÅ £|i¬¡}¸o¢·£jo THECURRENTŵAG`
«k£kË£j¦Çhg·£oiÆ®r¸©·¢|hiÇ`
lo£¡£ro£|£hiÇ ¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢i¡£r|Ë£¥ h¢o§rhr£}¥¯ ¢g¯ h¢o§¬|o
®¸p|¢ Ë£j¦hÇ |ol¢|«§g«§Æ o®h¡£ro£|£®¸r£· o«jih©¬¡®¸«jihlË£lo £o£|££
g«·£«§Æo ¢Ço|i£ £ ¬¸hË£¯¡|¢¡«¨®¸¡r£rhr ®ho£h h¢o§«·hiÇ~§«½h}¸h}Ë£¢jog££o£gx£h_g£«ih`
lË£·£_o£|£ò» }£ £~¦o«§Æo£¡¢}¥ ~£hiÆ ¨ ¢}~ip¡©· ¯iÆ h¬h·o¢ «½hiÆ ¡£r£h«¥o¡«|Åp «p¸£³££¨¢|{i¢ ¡¢}¥£}»¯¬h_¢gr£}¥`·£|¸«§Æog£gË£«h¥|r£}¥¬¡
jo¡£ro» ~g«~iog¢h©· ¬}·¡£r£h¨£i» g£«ih©l¸ £«½h£jo¸£h«§op£g¡£ro£|£«½h«§Æ oË£l¢u©o¨|®h¨l¢ rhr£}¥¯g£}·©¸«§Æ¸£or£}¥igjo©¸hË£s¦Æo~©g®r¸«½h
h¢o§o£|£jo¯·h®u· «jih®· rË£¡ ¬g¸¯j jo«|Åp¡h«o¡lr££g¦g h¦Æo|¢oiÆ«|Åp g¡£|Ë£o£r£h¨£o§h¢h·£_«§ÆohiÇpË£«h¬¸Ë£l¢u¥Æo ¬¬h®hg£¸£ol£«½h¯®h¢}·£
®hr·o}¸hgö¢}hg¥h»·h®u·p¡«½h«§Æ o¡£rg{ig¥p iÆ ¡£r£h¨{»|h«p|i» p¢o¢|¨{ï g·£¢Ço|~¸£¯·h«§ÆohiÇ·£h¡¯««i|ig·£`
Translation of The Tai Race Lak Thai ANDThe Description
jo¡£g¢}¥»¡ol»}·£o±®h|i}¬hl¥|«§Æog£«i l§£iÆ~©g®r¸¬|ol£«½h¯®h«§Æojo Paintings depicting royal chronicles were painted together with poems written following King Rama of the Chronicles of Siam
¡jo¨¨¯«§Æ¢g£«g£r¬¡l£«½h¯¸h r£}¥¬¡g£«i¡jo¨¨¯ V’s command. The King picked certain stories from the royal chronicles and asked painters to draw These three books laid the foundations of nationalistic history. They talk
about the origin of Siam and the Siamese people, the quest to build a nation,
¸£o¥oo£|£«·£hiÇ PICTURES4HEIMAGESWEREPLACEDONTHEROYALFUNERALPYREATHISDAUGHTERŋSFUNERAL
It’s still debated where the battle actually took place, ,EARNINGTHECOUNTRYŋSHISTORYTHROUGHTHEROYALCHRONICLESWASCONSIDEREDVITALINTHEPAST0RINCE ANDPREVIOUSHEROES4HESEELEMENTSWEREUSEDTOCREATE4HAINESS
but the statue of King Naresuan riding an elephant in Suphan Damrong expressed, “This is more important than anything else. If you do not teach these things,
.´
_0HONGSAWADANÌN4HAIMEANS_CHRONICLES`4HEWORDCOMESFROMVAMSA jjl¨{
AVATARA)TREFERSTOSTORIESOFTHEROYALFAMILY
¯ "URIPROVINCEHASALWAYSBEENUSEDTODEPICTNATIONALISMAND there is no point teaching anything else.” Ë£h¢go£h¥¢£gp¨£og{»£¥£¢
4HAIANCESTORSŋSACRIŴCES 3PECIAL4HANKSTO
Most Phongsawadan or royal chronicles were rewritten and edited in £p£gh¢o§¡¡¢}¥ «|Åp¡h«££r|«|Åp¡«p¸£o»«g¡£|Ë£o£r£h¨£p¢|¥»|Ë£h¢g¥»}¥rh /ŹCEOF!CADEMIC2ESOURCES#HULALONGKORN5NIVERSITY
THE%ARLY2ATTANAKOSINPERIOD4HEYUSUALLYDESCRIBETHEPREVIOUSKINGSŋ
ROYALDUTIESAND4HAIANCESTORSŋSACRIŴCESTOSAVETHECOUNTRY
42 43
£¡©o¸£¡¸hl£«½h¯¯|¸£¥}¥¢Çol£¨·o«§og¸£h¸£¬·o¢r¢l£©g¢hg¢~£¢h¡£g¢}¥»
g£h¢~§¡£g¢}¥»·£o«£r£¯~¦og£©r£_«|Åp·`
p¡«Åh¯|¸·£©¬jog£_¢g`¡£g¢}¥»jolh¯i£g£¥}¥££«}¨¬}·gÅo}¢¯|¸¬4HAI/NLY
4HE%QUESTRIAN3TATUEOF+ING2AMA6REPRESENTS4HAINESSINMANYASPECTSINCLUDINGTHECOUNTRYŋSCIVILIZATIONANDITSDEEPCONNECTIONWITHTHE+INGWHOHASTHESTATUSOF
AGOD4HAIPEOPLELOVETHEIR+INGINDIŸERENTWAYSALLOFWHICHAREDISTINCTIVELYANDEXCLUSIVELY4HAI
«hig£¢¡£r£h¥uu£p£g¡¨jjo¡««½h4HAI/NLYig¬ £¡£«|Åp¡og¨v«g¸£«p¸£©·¢o¬}·o_¬|o`
«o«¥u¡£i ¬£g «¥Æi®h¢¢rg£ 4HE2OYAL!NTHEMMODERNVERSION h¦Æo «¥Æ}¸hj¦Çh®hc ®h¢rg£iÆ ¬¡~§«½h«hiw¥¢}¥§«h§Æo£ ¢Ço¡ol»|¸«l§Æo _¡£¥r¢¨` }£¬«|Åp
iÆ¬}·¡¡¬g®r¸«o'OD3AVETHE1UEENphg¡¢Æo was composed during the reign of j¢Çh}hh¦Æojog£¢¡£r£h¥uu£l§g£g·£lË£w¥u£{«§Æor£}¥£h£ ¡h«£g¦g ¡g|¸¡©£·o¯i¬|o
King Rama V. Initially, God Save the
i¡£r|Ë£¥£· £lp¡i«o¡pË£r£}¥«»rh¢Æ ¬g Queen was used as the royal anthem,
¬¡¡£g¢}¥» «§|hg qo¡ol»¬¬|o ¸£l£|©g¸r£j¸£os¸£
hË£«o¯«|¥o¡¨h¥ ¨¢h«§Æ h £Ë£«½h but the King felt that Siam should ~ö¡£ i¡¢o£h¢}h»£r£{» ¡¢}~»s¸£
2ECEIVINGAGRADUATINGDIPLOMAFROMTHEKINGISANOTHER4HAILAND ONLYTRAIT4HISPRACTICEBEGAN
¬£g|h£«¨|«sh(EUTSEN }·£ig£¢ö HAVEITSOWNROYALANTHEM4HEŴRST
INDURINGTHEREIGNOF+ING2AMA6))ANDHASCONTINUEDEVERSINCE!PARTOFTHE'RADUATION
o~§¡¬o|£l£l·£ o¢|®h ¡¢}~»j£o
®·|}»r©giÇ 0YOTR3CHUROVSKY r£¢«si VERSIONWASAREMAKEOFATRADITIONAL ~§®¯·o¡££
#ONVOCATION#EREMONYISTOPLEDGELOYALTYTOTHECOUNTRYRELIGIONANDKING
Thai song, arranged by a Western
¬¡«h§Ç¸o«½h¡h¥h»jo«|Åp «p¸£³£g¡£ musician named Heutsen. For the £p£g¡¢}¥p¨£og{»£¥£¢
In this image, King Rama VI is dressed in all red following the Ayutthaya
h¥£h¨¢|}¥o» NEWVERSION2USSIANMUSICIAN0YOTR )MAGE#OURTESYOF-EMORIAL(ALLOF#HULALONGKORN5NIVERSITY
Era’s war uniform for the king. He is wearing crimson silk pants, a red
g£r¨h¨j¢¸o«o«¥u¡£il¢Ço¥Æo®u·iÆ¨| 3CHUROVSKYCOMPOSEDTHEMELODYAND silk shirt, a cloth belt, socks, and gold lace decorated with the auspicious
Prince Naris wrote the lyrics.
«g¥|j¦hÇ «§Æ ~£¬|·¡£«|Åp¡«p¸£©· ¢ ¢rg£iÆ nine gems. In his left hand, he’s holding a sword, and in his right hand
{¸oh£o«§Æ¢hiÆ }¨£l«igg¢h Ë£«h£p£gh¢o§¡rï ARETREELEAVES(EŋSNOTWEARINGAHAT
p¢|¥»|o¥»{¥zh£g
·£_«»r¢Æh·£h¨¸` £p£gp|£«}¨¬·or£}¥g¥£gg¡o¢zh
)MAGEFROM/ŹCEOF.ATIONAL!RCHIVES$EPARTMENTOF&INE!RTS-INISTRYOF#ULTURE
44 45
££~¦op¨|«iÆhË£l¢uigl¢Çoh¦Æo 3IAMCAMETOACROSSROADSONCEAGAIN
WHENITCONVERTEDFROMANABSOLUTEMONARCHYTO
l§g£«iÆh¬og£glop£g©{£u£¥¥£r»
ADEMOCRACY

£«½h¡¡r£¥¯} 4HE ROYAL FAMILY WHICH HAD BEEN THE CORE OF
Ë£®¸~£¢hg¢}¥»iÆ«l«½h¢gjol£«½h¯ 4HAINESSSAWITSROLEREDUCED
~©g|£o 4HEREWASASHIFTIN4HAINESSñ
!CONSTITUTIONANDTHEPEOPLEŌSFREEDOMCAMEINTO
¬¡«g¥|¥Æo®·j¦Çhg¢_l£«½h¯` THEPICTUREí
l§¢xh©u¬¡¥¥«i£jo¡r£rh
¨|l{¡£v
Memorial Plaque Commemorating
3IAMESE2EVOLUTIONOF
h¨£i»¡r£¥¯}h~hh£r|Ë£«h¥h
~¸£_l£«½h¯`«½h}¸h¯¸ «½h¬¢Æo«p§¯ «§Æ«½hh¨{»jog£
gÅ~§¯|¸·£«½h}¸h¯¸iÆ¢Æo£g·£o¢Æhlo¬¸ «iÆ h¬og£glo|Ë£¥«i b|®h¢hr£}¥
¢h¢hÇ l§¢hiÆ ¥~h¨ £hg¬
®hr·o¢rg£iÆ |·o¨²££gï£}£p£»
phg¡¢Æoig£«iÆh¬og£glo®hc ¥¶i¡ill¨g£g·¸£o¬¡¥¥«|r
l£«½h¯~©gj¢¢«iÆh_¬gh`¯ ¬o¥¢u«½h©¸r·¼¿hh¨£i»
«£h¢Çh¥ÆoiÆ¬|ol£«½h¯ 4HE$EMOCRACY-ONUMENTON2ATCHADAMNOEN!VENUE
~©ghË££®r¸«½h«l§Æo§¸£o_r£}¥h¥` a mix of Thai and Western styles, is the symbol of
THE REVOLUTION)TWASOŹCIALLYOPENEDONWHAT
r£}¥®hl££®·l§¡r£rh¬¡¢xh©u WASTHEN.ATIONAL$AYñ*UNE4HEMONUMENT
~£¢hg¢}¥»~©g|£o WASDESIGNEDBY7ESTERN EDUCATED0UM-ALAKULAND
THECONSTRUCTIONWASOVERSEENBYTHE)TALIANARTISTAND
ph~¦or·oc~£¢h¡£g¢}¥»p¦og¢£«½h 3ILPAKORN5NIVERSITYPROFESSOR#ORRADO&EROCIWHO
laid the foundations of Western art in Thailand.
_¬gh`jol£«½h¯«r·h«|¥
)F4HAINESSWEREATREEITWOULDBEATREEWITHDEEPSTRONGROOTS

ESTABLISHEDSINCE+ING2AMA)6ŌSREIGN
4HECHANGEOFTHESYSTEMOFGOVERNMENTINCAMEWITHASHIFTINTHE
£¡£«|Åp¡g«g¸£«p¸£©·¢¢rg£iÆ ¡£r£h
COREOF4HAINESS ¢xh©u®h¢hiÆ ¢h£l«§Æ®¸ig£glo¬
!TTHETIMENEWREPRESENTATIONSOF4HAINESSWEREUSEDASTOOLSTO ¡r£¥¯}¢hi¡£g¢}¥» o«½h¡¨j¬}·g£«iÆ h¬o
CONSTRUCT_NATIONALISM` l¢Çoh¢Çh ¯·¯|¸Ë£®¸lo¸£o r£}¥ £h£ ¡£g¢}¥»
4HENATIONINITSNEWDEŵNITIONREFERREDTOTHEPEOPLEANDTHECONSTITUTION «£¢gjol£«½h¯«iÆh¬o¯
4HEROYALFAMILYŌSROLEBECAMESMALLER
)TWASNŌTUNTILTHESTHATTHE+INGONCEAGAINBECAMEONEOFTHE King Rama VII granted the Constitution of the Kingdom of Siam on December
PILLARSOF4HAINESS ASYMBOLICGESTUREOFGIVINGPOWERTOTHEPEOPLE3INCETHISTIME
4HAILANDHASBEENACONSTITUTIONALMONARCHYBUTTHECHANGEDIDNOTAŸECTTHE
_NATIONñRELIGIONñKING`TRIADWHICHISTHECOREOF4HAINESS
46 47
«or£}¥«»r¢Æh¬g«g¥|j¦Çh}¢Ço¬}·c «§Æ ®h¨lh¦Æo©¸hË£jo¡«¯ }¸og£p¡«r¥|r©
¨g®p®¸lh¢gr£}¥ £¢lli ¬¡iÆË£l¢u®¸«g¥| igjo¨¨¯iÆ¯·®r·¡£g¢}¥»
l£«§Æ ®®h¥oÆ i«Æ g¥|j¦hÇ ®·l§ ¢xh©u¬¡ |£h¨£i»i¨¨£¢urhp¦o«g¥|j¦Çh·£o
¡r£¥¯}¬}·«»rh¢Æ hi®Ç r¸©¯· ·h£hgÅ«iÆ h £g£®h¨lhiÇ ¬¡¯|¸¢l£h¢~§¢£p£g
}·£ig£«iÆh«or£}¥®· |}¸og£®¸ lh¯«r·hg¢h
il£«½h£g£gj¦Çh ¢x£p¦o}¥|}·j®¸
During one period of Thai history, the leader of the country
¡«ph|¨¥£ol»«½h©¸¡¢h»Ë£ho ¬¡j®¸ wanted to celebrate the heroic deeds of Thai ancestors who were
Ë£ho«½h«oiÆ li £©¸ g¦ l¸£l¦og¢«or£}¥ NOTKINGS-OMUMENTSOFSIGNIŴCANTCIVILIANSTHUSEMERGEDAND
TODAYAREGREATLYREVEREDBY4HAIPEOPLE
¢Æo«iÆr§Æ££»«s¬,A-ARSEILLAISE
|ij¨h¥p¥}£}£o·£g£uph£l¢h» «½h
©¸¡¢h»lË£¸o
4HEŴRST4HAINATIONALANTHEMWASCOMPOSEDINTO
instill nationalism and harmony, as well as to encourage
PEOPLETOHAVEFAITHINTHENEWADDITIONSTOTHECOUNTRY
ñTHECONSTITUTIONANDDEMOCRACY(OWEVERITWASSOON
rewritten.
4HENATIONALANTHEMWASREWRITTENBECAUSETHEGOVERN
ment wanted something more modern. Phra Chenduriyang
(Peter Feit) was asked to compose the melody, preferably
something upbeat and strong like France’s La Marseillaise.
Khun Wichitmatra wrote the lyrics to the melody.
h¸}«or£}¥p£gh¢o§«or£}¥|¨gi«p¥u¨jp¢|¥»|$R3AX
48 49
¢op£g£«iÆh¬og£glo¯·h£hp¥©ol£j¦Çh©·Ë£h£p©o¨| 3OONAFTERTHEDEMOCRATICCHANGE&IELD-ARSHAL0HIBUNTOOKPOWER
ANDTRIEDTODEVELOPTHENATIONINADEMOCRATICMANNER
¬¡££_¸£or£}¥`®·®h¢¡r£¥¯}
)NDOINGSOANIMPORTANTTOOLWAS_4HAINESS`
«l§Æo§Ë£l¢u®hg£¸£or£}¥l¢ÇohiÇl§_l£«½h¯` ,UANG7ICHITWASTHECAMPAIGNŌSCREATIVEDIRECTOR
|io¥p¥}£g£«½h_li«i`lhË£l¢u )NTHISERA3IAMBECAME4HAILANDANDTHE-ISS4HAILANDBEAUTYPAGEANTWASHELDFORTHEŵRSTTIME
¨lhiÇ«£«iÆhr§Æ¡«p£g£«½h¡«¯«£«¥Æih£o£¯ 4HAIPEOPLEBEGANSTUDYINGHISTORY_3AWASDEE`BECAMEAFORMALWAYOFGREETING
4HE.ATIONAL!NTHEMPLAYEDATAMEVERYMORNING
«£«ih¡¢}¥£}»r£}¥g¢h£gj¦Çh«£«¥Æ®r¸lË£·£_¢|i`«£«¥Æ«l£or£}¥}h¬|o«r¸£ !ND0AD4HAICAMEINTOEXISTENCEÿ
p¥©ol£
&IELD-ARSHAL0HIBUN
o¥p¥}£g£
,UANG7ICHIT7ATHAKAN
«i«h£¥hh£o£¯lh¬g
2IEM"AEDSAYANAWIN
¬¡«£igº«}iÉ¢|¯ÿ THE&IRST-ISS4HAILAND
«§Ç«e¿£|¡«¥x«p¥p¨}¥
)MAGE#OURTESYOF0RASERT*OEMJUTITHUM
¡l¨g®p¢gr£}¥joo¥p¥}£g£
~§«½h¡liÆi«h§Ç£¬g¬hp£g¡l
¢Æ ¯®h¨lh¢hÇ l§i«h§Ç £¨g®p®¸«g¥|l£

ĉ:/ ©¸ g¦ ¢gr£}¥£¸ h«§o«i¡«§Æ ¡«
¬¡«g¥|l££¢llijolh®hr£}¥
D+?L5H3Ċ -ĉ:/Q:ß2/92=à «ojoo¥p¥}£g£®h¢
G!F5 :2E+ =L&" 9! _r£}¥h¥` «½hiÆ£jo«o¡«
_¨g®p` iÆi¡¥¥££g ¬¡«½h
«o¥}}¥|©lh¯¨g¨l¢¬¸®h¼pp¨h¢
Ċ/*&!8ĉ:!!:* +9)!+=HĊ&<:+!:D3K!/ĉ: D&?L5 gÅ¢olo®r¸©·
D#! :+2ĉD2<)D =*+<E ĉ!E-8E ĉ:< H3ĊD3):82) 9" ,UANG7ICHITŋSNATIONALISTICDRAMASWEREDIŸERENT
_h¦Æo «§Æ¯|¸©|~¦o«§Æog£¦g£g¢g£¢gr£}¥¬¸ gÅË£®¸©¸¦g·£l¨{¢Ço ££¡|¥x»s¦Æop ¥©ol£ «Åh·£©«½h
=LD+:HĊ+9"/:)* *ĉ5/ĉ:!H*D#!5:+*8! Q:&A ¡g£h¢Çh ¢o£«ioiÆp¡|¢h|£®¸Æih¸or£¯«g¥|l¨{¢}¥«½hiÆh¥ ££¢gjolhpih ¬¡i£l£¬o p¦ol¥|l¸hgº«}iÉ¢|
FROMOTHERDRAMASATTHETIMEñTHEPURPOSEOF
HISDRAMASWASTOEVOKEAFEELINGOFNATIONALISM
> D#!2<L 3!>L =L 2 E(A )<
5< H/ĉ : 2A QL : D&= * H rr·£or£}¥§Æh«j£|©{»¯· iÆp¡«ig·£©{»¯|¸h¢Çh pË£«½hp¡}¸oi ¬¯·i«h§Ç¢}» ¬}··h¢g± ¢Ço«¸hgº«}iÉ ¯r´ 4HESOUNDTRACKSOFHISDRAMASHAVEALSOBECOME
g¨r·£ g¨¸o¬¸o g¢g£¢|iÆjopih ¢|£¢|¯g£ nationalistic songs still in use today.
8!9M! >)=Q:29LH3Ċ Q:9""9!:
Ċ:+: :+@ ! -ĉ:/ ¡«{ih¥¡pË£r£}¥ig|¸ s¦Æo¢x£gË£¢o«}ig£p¡¡g£r¢grhiÆh¸o
«½hgº«}iÉ¢|¬¯± Ë£¯Ë££gº«}iÉ¢|¯g£
r£¯¢Ço£®¸w¥¢}¥}£®h¢hj¸£oh¸£«½hl¢Ço«½hl£¯}£g£¢hl «o}¸h}¡g©¯
Q : ß2/9 2 = à ĉ 5 9 ! H!F5 :2=L & " 9 ! +9M E+
5 «£p¡«ig·£¢xh¥` «½h«h©3IGNATUREjo«§o¯¯¬¸ Ton Trakul Thai4HAI!NCESTORS
/9 ! D&?L 5 D#! :+$A H)+= ĉ 5 9 ! E-8%Ă !< 29 * H3Ċ ¨hph»joh£g¢xh}i p ¥©ol£ ®ho£hqo¢hr£}¥ Pad ThaiWASINVENTEDIN&IELD-ARSHAL0HIBUNŋSERA4HELEADERFELTTHAT «o¢g«§o¯
-ĉ:/EĉQ:=LD#!)-/ĉ:58H+/ĉ::) 9! 9"
5H3Ċ ¥~¨h£h pork, which was commonly consumed by the Chinese, was too pricey. Rak Mueang Thai,OVE4HAILAND
4HUSHEHADINVENTEDAMEATLESSVERSIONOFSTIR FRIEDNOODLES4HE

Ċ:+: :+ĉ/*E!8!Q:$AĊ=L3*AĉH!+5"+9/
5!H3Ċ _3PEAKINGOFEDUCATIONANDNATIONALISMTHESETWOVALUESARENOT MAININGREDIENTS NOODLESPICKLEDRADISHCHIVEANDDRIEDSHRIMP «o®hhËÇ£i£®hh£ij¸£
ENOUGHTOEQUIP4HAIPEOPLEWITHWHATOTHERCOUNTRIESVALUE7E AREALL#HINESEINGREDIENTSANDSTIR FRYINGISALSOA#HINESECOOKING Nai Nam Mi Pla, Nai Na Mi Khao
+AĊ9 -ĉ:/Q:ß2/92=àDĉ!D=*/ 9!Ċ/* NEEDTOHAVETRADITIONS4HEGOVERNMENTINVITES4HAIPEOPLETO method. Little by little, the dish gradually adopted a Thai style. Before
«§Ç«e¿£|or¢¥j¥}l»
Image Courtesy of Thongchai Likitponsawan &ISHINTHE7ATER2ICEINTHE&IELDS
follow these traditions and we will make further announcements
+)F2!: :+ on other occasions. We call this Cultural Mandates …”
we knew it, Pad Thai had already become a signature Thai dish.
bb) +:)bdhf &IELD-ARSHAL0HIBUNŋSSPEECHON.ATIONAL$AY*UNE

jjl¨{¨|¬·or£}¥g¥£gg¡o¢zh
3PECIAL4HANKSTO.ATIONAL,IBRARY$EPARTMENTOF&INE!RTS-INISTRYOF#ULTURE

¢o¥Çh¨|g£«iÆh¬o¸£h«§o®h¨l·£h©¸hË£ !TTHEENDOFTHETRANSITION
4HAILANDENTEREDANEWERAONCEAGAIN
¡«¯g¸£«j¸£©·¨l®·igl¢Ço
7HEN+ING2AMA)8RETURNEDHOMEPERMANENTLY
«§Æ¡£«|Åp¡«p¸£©·¢¢rg£iÆ THE_PERIODOFLONELINESSÒFŵCIALLYCAMETOANEND
S
«|Åpg¢£¡¢¡«¯·£o~£ 4HETHREEPILLARSOF4HAINATIONALISMCAMEBACKTOLIFE
«½hg£¥Çh¨|_l£¸£«·`jo¡« AGAIN
2OYALCEREMONIESROYALDUTIESROYALSTYLEBROUGHTSUCH
¬¡«¥Æ}¸h§Çh©~£¢h¢g¬·ol£«½h¯l¢Ço®· JOYTOTHE4HAIPEOPLEí
¡£r¡«{i¡£rp¥¢}¬¡¡£rh¥
g¢£«½hl£_b}¥`jolh¯
r·o}¸h¨¢g£r«|Åp¡h£o«p¸£¥g¥ }¥ ¥Ê ¡£r¥hhi £~}£«|Åp

¡£«|Åp¡«p¸£©· ¢ ¢rg£iÆ ¯«§h£¡«¬¸p¡o¸£¯
©·«¬}·gÅo«Åh·£«§o¯¢o¯·i_r¨|¡pË£r£}¥`®r¸®hg£}·£o±
phg¡¢Æoc o£®¸h¢g¥r£g£h¢gg¬r·£o«§Çl¸hl¸£
¬¡g¬ph¯|¸ _r¨|¯`¬«½hiÆ£jo_r¨|¯¡£rh¥`¢Ço
_«£p¡lo¬·h|¥h| r¨|iÆ¢olo®r¸£ph~¦o¼pp¨¢h
)NTHES1UEEN3IRIKITFOLLOWED+ING"HUMIBOLONMANYSTATEVISITS3HEALWAYSWORE
«§Æ¡rh»¨j
CLOTHESMADEFROM4HAITEXTILESANDNOTICEDTHAT4HAILANDDIDNOTHAVEITSOWN_NATIONAL
costume.”
)NTHE1UEENCOMMISSIONEDASCHOLARADESIGNER and a tailor to research
and design eight “Thai costumes,” which are now called “royal traditional Thai
_ hh¥£jol¦g¥Ê£r«½h{giÆo¥¥}·l£ costumes” and still worn today.
¬·o£rhr££ l¥|«§Æol£«½h¯£giÆ¨|«§Æoh¦Æo_¬·`«p¸£h£¬¡¢oo
l§}¢¬hl£|io£jogö¢}hg¥h»
l}¥l£l¥|¬¡l£o£¬¯¬hl¥|o£¥¨¥Ê¬}i¢og £p£gh¢o§£r¥¶¢ }£{»p¢|¥»|¥¥ ¢{y»£¸ ®h«|Åp
¡h£o«p¸£¥¥g¥}¥Ê¡£r¥hih£~
¢¥l}«ih·o«¥®¸_¬·`l§}¸h¬¬·ol£o£·£o¯
i¬Æ ·h|¥h«¥Æ }i¥ »l¢oÇ ¬g®hh¢o§¥»£¢x «·l¢oÇ ¬g
c }·£ig£¥»s£ËÇ ig£l¢oÇ ¬¡¢o«½hh¢o§j£|i©«·
_7ESHALLREIGNINRIGHTEOUSNESS Si PhaendinOR_&OUR2EIGNS`WASWRITTENBY+UKRIT0RAMOJ4HENOVELHASGREATLY
INŵUENCEDTHECONCEPTOF4HAINESS4HEMAINCHARACTER-AE0LOYASWELLASTHE
FORTHEBENEŵTSANDHAPPINESSOF3IAMESEPEOPLE` elite, and the palace, represent the glory of the kingdom. Mae Ploy is the epitome of
APERFECT4HAIWOMANBASEDONTRADITIONAL4HAIVALUESMIXEDWITHIDEASOF6ICTORIAN
ert Joemjutithum
¥x«p¥p¨}¥
English beauty.
Si PhaendinWASŴRSTPRINTEDINTHESiam RathNEWSPAPERINANDWASPUBLISHED
ASABOOKIN)THASBEENREPRINTEDCOUNTLESSTIMESANDHASREMAINEDONEOFTHE
«§Ç«e¿£|¡«
Image Courtesy of Pras
bestsellers until today.
«§Ç«e¿£|or¢¥j¥}l»
Images Courtesy of Thongchai Likitponsawan
«§Ç«e¿£|¥¢g£¥h¯pË£g¢|£rh
Image Courtesy of Thai Airways International
52 53
¡£r¢pq¥£|¸£h|h}i®h¡£
«|Åp¡«p¸£©· ¢ ¢rg£iÆ «½hiÆ £gw
r¢|¬g·r£go«¥Æ ¡£rh¥h»«o«§Æ
i¡rh££o||h}i
¬h¬p¹¬¡© ¬¡ohË£¬h«ohiÇ£
¡£rh¥h»«½h«o¯£«os¦oÆ Ë£Ç
¢£g®h¨lh¢Çh p£gh¢o§¡£r|Ë£¢¡£r£h¬g·
l{¡¨ll}·£o±i«Æ j¸£«³£ ~£r¢ol
«h§Æo®hg£¢h«q¥¡rh£{££|¨¥|£¢
+ING"HUMIBOLŋSMUSICTALENTSWEREWORLD RENOWNED hp¥}|£ ¡£r¢o|¨¥}
¥Æo¥»}·}¸£h¢¥l¥h¥}» ~©g¬pgp·£¯¢Æ¸£h !NTI COMMUNISMPOSTERSWEREWIDELYDISTRIBUTED (IS-AJESTYSTARTEDCOMPOSINGMUSICATTHEAGEOF ¢hïÆ ¢h£l¢h¢iÆ ¢h£l
¢Æ«§o®hr·oiÆ|¯|¸¢g£h¢h¨h INTHESSUPPORTEDBYTHE5NITED3TATES4HE YEARSOLDANDHEWASPARTICULARLYFONDOFJAZZAND ¢h«£»iÆ ¢h£l¢h£¥}»iÆ ¢h£l

¢hp¢h»iÆ¢h£l
CONTENTWASQUITESTRAIGHTFORWARDñITREMINDED blues. His Majesty had composed many songs in these
p£g¢x«¥g£ «h§Ç£«½h¬}o¯}o£«§Æ the people that if the core triad was destroyed, TWOGENRESWHICHWEREANOVELTYATTHETIME
p¢|¥»|¥¢ ¥h»¥hÇ }¥oÇ ¬h|»¢ ¥rr¥oÆ pË£g¢|
§Æ£g¢lh¢Æ¯ ®h¬o·jog£ _¥Çhr£}¥` £g£ the nation would come to an end.

~£¢h¢g~©gË££
54 55
r·ohiÇ¡«¯io£h®u·o£h 4WOMAJOREVENTSTOOKPLACEINTHISERA
4HE ŵRST WAS THE OFŵCIAL LAUNCH OF 4HAILAND AS A TOURISM
o£h¬g¡«¯«b|¡««½h|¥h¬|h¬·og£·o«iÆ
DESTINATION
S
_l£«½h¯`¢Ço«g·£ ®· ~©ghË££_j£`«§Æ§h¢hl£ _4HAINESSÌNITSOLDANDNEWDEŵNITIONSBECAMEASELLINGPOINT

¢Æol¢Æo£o¢zhjo«£ TOPROVETHECOUNTRYŌSCULTURALWEALTHí
o£hiÆ l§g£«q¥qogö¢}hg¥h»i£¨lc 4HESECONDEVENTWASTHE2ATTANAKOSIN"ICENTENNIAL#ELEBRATION
4HECEREMONYPAIDTRIBUTETOTHEFORMERKINGSOFTHE#HAKRI «g«}¥{©£hh»h£g¢xh}i
o£hhiÇ«½hg£h¸¡¦g~¦o¡£g¨{£¥l¨{jo©g¢}¥» $YNASTYTHEFOUNDATIONOF
$YNASTYTHEFOUNDATIONOF4HAINESS
0REM4INSULANONDA0RIME-INISTEROF4HAILAND
¬·o£ro»p¢gih¦Æo®h~£¢
£¢h¢gjol£«½h¯
g¡¬}§Æh}¢¢zh¯g¢£l¦gl¢gigl¢Ço Thais became excited about Thai

culture again as the Rattanako
®ho£hrgö¢}hg¥h»c¨¢g£r
sin Bicentennial Celebration came
_¯¯»`®ho£hhiÇl§g£«|Åp¡£r|Ë£«h¥h¯ AROUNDIN
®hg£¡£r¥i oo«|Åp¡©£g¢}¥£¥£r«p¸£ The “highlight” of this celebration
|g¡h¨£}££or£l was the royal barge procession to
pay tribute to former kings.
}£¢ u ¢ g {» g £· o«iÆ ¬· o

¡«¯g¬|-RS-YERS
h¢gg¬r£«¥gh¢ iol»¡g
Ë£l¢ul§¡£ol»¢|¨{ ¬¡«§
¡ihÆ o¢Æ ¨{o»_£pË£«§o¯`
p£gq£gh¦Æo®h£h}»«§Æo¢h
g!ROUNDTHE7ORLDIN%IGHTY
$AYS
The Tourism Authority of Thailand’s logo
was designed by an American designer, Mrs
Myers. The image features Wat Arun and the
Royal Barge Suphannahong, which appeared
INTHEŴLMAround the World in Eighty Days

«§¡iÆh¢Æo¨{o»
Suphannahong Royal Barge
56 57
¡«¯«|¥h£o£©p· |¨ «iÆ hË£l¢ujogigl¢oÇ 4HAILAND REACHED ANOTHER SIGNIŴCANT
milestone as the world entered the era
¨liÆg¯¸¬|h
S
OFGLOBALIZATION
¡«¯¸£¬jh¢¢zh}·£or£}¥}·£o££ 4HAILAND FULLY EMBRACED THE INŵUX OF
iÆ¯¡¢g«j¸££·£o«i foreign cultures,
®hj{¡«|ig¢hgÅ«g¥|g¡¬}§hÆ }¢«§Æ o_l£«½h¯` but at the same time, there was an in
creased awareness of Thainess in spite
«§Æhg¡¬g£¥¢}h»hiÇ OFGLOBALIZATION
®hr·oiÆ¯}¸o¢§g¢£gwg£{»®· )NTHES4HAILANDFACED «o«|¥h¯¬h|» jool£££¸£o£gwg£{»®··£o

ANEWPHENOMENON £g®h¨lg£
g£¥¢}h» ¨gg¡¬ _¢g¯` ®¸}§Æhj¦Çh£«|¥hh£og¢g¡¬
_g£¥¢}h»`¨lg¯¸¬|h'LOBALIZATION 'LOBALIZATIONWASERODINGNATIONAL ~}¨g¹ }¨g¹ ¢u¢g{»¯iÆ ¢Æ g¢©¸ ig£Ë «h¥|
!LESSIO ¥lh¥}¡¢
h}g lhiÆ«g¥|¢h®h¨lhiÇ££~¸o®h«l£«sÅ r¨| «|
¡«xg¥pg£«§o¢zhjo¢Çog«r§Æ}·g¢h BORDERSCONNECTINGTHEWORLD £p£g¡«¥}£i®hcr§Æ ·£¥£ ¥h¯¬h|»¯|¸¢Ço¸h
ECONOMICALLYPOLITICALLYANDCULTURALLY
o·£j¦Çh p¥£«0IAGGIO!PE p£gh¢hÇ ~h¸£}£
«§hg¬«|ig¢hhiÇr§Æ $+ -IDGET Made in Thailand BYTHEBAND#ARABAOSPARKEDASENTIMENTOF_4HAIPRIDE`
Ma
INTH
INTHEGLOBALIZEDERAPITTING4HAILANDAGAINST7ESTERNCONSUMERISM4HOSEWHO
~©g¥}j¦Çh|¥¢¯|¢¨jouiÆ¨²h®hc
·£g£og¡¬giÆ¡¢g¸h«j¸££®h¡«¯ !MIDSTTHEOVERWHELMINGINŶUXOFCHANGES
~¨·hhiÇ«o~©ghË£«j¸££pË£h·£
GREWUPDURINGTHESKNOWTHESONGSINTHISALBUMBYHEART
GREW
IN4HAILANDRESISTANCEBEGANTOEMERGE
gÅ«g¥|g¡¬}¸£ho¬h¢Æh«go·£_l£«½h¯` SINCEMANYFELTTHAT4HAINESSWASATRISK ®h«§o¯®hc ¬¡}·£¯|¸hË£
gË£¢o~©g¸££ -YTHO «j¸£$+-IDGET-0·o¯j£iÆp¢o¢|
&ACEDWITHTHESENEWCHALLENGESANEW ¨£¬¡p¢o¢|}¢o~}¨¹g}¨¹g¯|¸r§ÆhiÇ
GENERATIONOF4HAISEMBRACED4HAINESS £p£g«io«l§Æoh}»«£}¥|«l§Æoh}» «o©g¨·oiÆ«l|·o|¢o£¸±g¢«o©ggöi¢h}¸o·£¬¸}·«o}¥o
g¨·lh¨·h®·s¦Æo¢g£¥l¥hl¸£g£¥¢}h» 4HISGENERATIONEMBRACEDAGLOBALIZED r§Æ_}¨¹g}¨¹g`p£g«§o¯hiÇ¼pp¨¢hg£ ¯¯¢g®u·¬}·¬¸gÅ«g¥|£gwg£{»l¢oÇ Ë£l¢u®hg¨lg£¥}¢ h» «§Æ
¬}·j{¡«|ig¢hgÅ}¸og£¢g£l£«½h¯¯¸ WORLDBUTALSOFELTPROTECTIVEOF4HAI «½hr§Æ i®Æ r¸«ig~h}»¡«hi¯Ç ¬¸ ¢g|¥Ê ·o¬ohË£«o£p¢h»go¢Ç g ¥}¢Æ ¸£h¢Æ «§o~¦ojh£|
TRAITS
p¦o¥®r¸£o·hjol£«½h¯|¢Ço«|¥ The Tuk TukA4HAISYMBOLRECOGNIZEDINTERNA
¯¯|¸j¦Çh«ig¢_iÆ«¥»|`®h_lh«¥»}olholìÆh£gi£«|
¢£g®hc
¬¸¸£ol£«½h¯©¬®·j¦Çh®h¨ljo}h«o 4HAINESSINTHISPERIODWASAMIXEDBAGñ tionally, is actually from Italy. The Piaggio Ape,
ABLENDOFTRADITIONAL4HAINESSANDNEWLY A THREE WHEEL VEHICLE WAS ŴRST PRODUCED IN ¨lhiÇh¢g¸o«o©g¨·o¯|¸w¥¢}¥}¢«o®· ¯·}¥|©·g¢£«|¥± ig
FORMED4HAITRAITS !FTERTHATASIMILAR LOOKINGMODELñTHE }·¯ ¢Çog£¬}·og£ËÇ£¢ «h§Ç¸o¯·}¥|©·g¢¨·oh£²£«j£ig}·¯
}·£ig£c $AIHATSU-IDGET$+ñWASCREATEDIN*APANIN h¢g¸olhË£l¢uiÆ w¥}¢ ¥ og£iglh®h¨lhilÇ § ¨· o|op¢h»
4HATMODELWASIMPORTEDTO4HAILANDIN
l£«½h¯¢olo«|¥h}£¬hl¥|«|¥®h¨lg£¥¢}h» 4ENYEARSON4HAINESSHAD ANDLATERTHE$+-IDGET-0WASIMPORTED Luk Thung music surrendered to pop music for a while, but
PROGRESSEDAMIDSTGLOBALIZATION ANDSENTTO!YUTTHAYAAND4RANG0ROVINCES
¬}·|¸¥g}_}¸Ë£g¨¸o`c UNTILTHE4OM9AM+UNGCRISISIN THEREWASASIGNIŴCANTMOMENTINTHESWHEN0ORNSAK
3ONGSANGRELEASEDHISCHART TOPPERSao Chan Kangkob, in
Ë£®¸¬hl¥|«§Æo«xg¥p«io¬¡~£¢h 4HESUFŵCIENCYECONOMYAND The name Tuk Tuk originated from the sound it 4HEARTISTWASSOFAMOUSTHATHEWASINVITEDTOJOIN
THE+INGBECAMETIGHTLYWOVEN makes. That iconic sound has become its name.
¡£g¢}¥»¯|¸g££«½h·hh¦Æojol£«½h¯ INTOTHECONCEPTOFMODERNDAY
4HAILANDŋSALL TIMESUPERSTAR"IRD4HONGCHAI-C)NTYREAT
HISMAJORCONCERTIN
_¢®·`ph~¦o¼pp¨¢h 4HAINESS Modern luk thung stars looked nothing like they did in the
PASTñTHEYWERESTYLISHLYDRESSEDANDTHEIRSONGSWERENŋT
JUSTABOUTTHEŴELDSANDTHEFORESTS!NOTHERREVOLUTIONARY
luk thung singer was Pumpuang Duangjan.
58 59
«½hiÆ p¸© g¢ g¢h·£n{£«i»o¥ »
p¡¥p¢«£l£«½h¯£
hË£«h¯|¸·£oo}¢o|o£
jjl¨{¥¢ü|¥«iÆpË£g¢|
Special Thanks to Boon Rawd Brewery Co., Ltd.
{»¥ »h£l¥u
¢ ghg}¢¬h_o£·£o¯`
®h¨l
{»¥»l¸£}Ë£¬h·oh£oo£p¢g£lhiÆ
jo¯ hgp£ghiÇ o¢ ¯|¸£o¢r¨|¡pË£
r£}¥|«iÆ®hr¨|_¯¡¨g}»ìÆ|¢|¬o
£p£g_r¨|¯¡£rh¥`«£h¢Çh_iÆ¨µ`
~§«½h}¢¬hr£¯®hg£«¬·l£«½h
¯©·h£h£r£}¥|¸r¨|¯¬}·£o±¬¡g¥¥£
££·£o¯
“Bui” Porntip Nakhirunkanok, now Bui Simon, n{£¯®h¨lg£¥¢}h» «½h¯}£g¡¬ r·o}¸h¬h«o©gö· }g©·®h¸o¥g}·£¬¸ n{£~g¡¡}}¸£r¨|l¥|~¦o¸£h
WAS4HAILANDŋSSECOND-ISS5NIVERSE3HE ¢g«§o¯|¥p¢g¥Æh£l£«½h¯ }·«o}¥o¢®· ih¢g¸o©g¨·oh¸lhiÆ££~©·|¯|¸ g£®hr·og£{ol»®¸lh¯iË£h¦g
WONTHETITLEINANDINTHESAME £hË£«h¬~©gi~Æ g© «£ph|·o|¢o¯¢Æ ¸£h ®h¨lhiÇ ¢g¸£h«g¥|¢g¸o~¥Æhs¦Æo«½hg¡¬®h
pageant, she also won the Best National
¢Æ«§oj{¡h¢Çh g·h¨l~ög¹¬g¹ ¸£h«£i~ö®·¥hl¸£ ¬}·«£¡g¡¬ _}¸g¢` g£¥¢}h» ¡pg¢p¢o¡ iÆ
#OSTUME!WARD 3HE WORE A MODIŴED
Thai traditional costume, adapted from g¡|£iÆ®r¸g¢h|¢Æ¯ |«q£¡¸£h _g¦Æo}«o©g¨·o¯` «o©g¨·o~©ghË£g¢£¸o®·
4HAITELEVISIONCOMMERCIALSINTHEAGEOFGLOBALIZATION Homesick ñ A 46 COMMERCIAL FOR 4OYOTA PICK UP
“royal traditional Thai costumes.” Bui was
focused on Thainess, presenting Thai elements in the j£¸£ ~¸£«½h¸£o®u·±|¸£hh¦Æop¡¥» |h¢g¸o¢oÇ ¨h· «g·£¨h· ®·Ë£®¸«o©gö· ¯|¸¢ g£¢£gj¦hÇ TRUCKSñCAMEOUTINDURINGAPERIODWHEN4HAI
the presenter of Thainess on an international r§Æ¸£hl¸£ ¬¡n{£¥hl¸£jo¸£h ¬}· hgp£ghiÇg£¢}¢joh¢g¸o©g¨·o iÆig£w¥¢}¥g£¬}·og£
right place at the right time. They hit just the right spot PEOPLEWEREENCOURAGEDTOLOVETHEIRHOMETOWNAND
stage, showcasing Thai costumes and
Thai etiquette.
and became the talk of the town. Ë£¢~ög¡|£¢Æ ¯p¡¥»l£Ë ·£_rl|i` g£¬|o¬oi£o«l§Æor¨|®u·¬¡g£¬p¸o«g¥|jo¥Æoo| COMMUNITYINTHES
£oi£p¥»© h£oo£§|££|h¥ ¢o£®h«o_i ` r·}·£®p®¸g¢
«§Ç«e¿£|¡«¥x«p¥p¨}¥
Images Courtesy of Prasert Joemjutithum |¸£h¢o«½h}££o£g¨g «o©g¨·oigl¢Ço
Before plastic bags came to be used widely, Thai )NTHEEARLYSLuk Thung (country) music faced a major challenge
people used paper bags (especially at fabric ASPOPMUSICDOMINATEDTHEMARKET4HISLEDTOTHESURVIVALOFTHEŴTTEST
n{£¯r©}£rv£r¨|¸}Ë£ shops). Bigger shops would print the shop’s name luk thung singers.
and perhaps a slogan on one side, but in general, "UTTHETRENDREVERSEDANDEVENTUALLY luk thung music was brought back
|·o|¢o¢Æ¸£h¢Æ«§o
the bag had the word “Chok Dee” (good luck) TOLIFEBYOLDANDNEWARTISTSMAKINGLUKTHUNGRELEVANTONCEAGAIN
®h}hh¢Çh «½h¯}£g¡¬ printed on it, sometimes alongside an image of a )NTHEIRŴGHTAGAINSTEXTINCTION luk thung singers changed the way they
¢g¯®h¨lg£¥¢}h» beauty queen or famous actress. On the back was dressed, danced, and sang, with a troop of exquisitely dressed dancers
checkerboard print. When plastic bags became INEVERYPERFORMANCELuk thung megastars were born, such as Yingyong
jjl¨{¥¢¯r©pË£g¢|
Special Thanks to Thai Churos Co., Ltd. MOREPOPULARAROUND YEARSAGOTHEChok 9ODBUA NGAMWITHHISSONG3OMSRIWHICHWASRELEASEDIN
Dee bag disappeared. Luk thungWASOŹCIALLYSAVEDFROMEXTINCTION

r£¯o¡«¥og¢g®·«xg¥p¬®·¬¡g¡¬¥lh¥ Thai people were lost in the new world, new economy,
and consumerism,
phj£|l£¡¢|¡¢o
S
So much so that they didn’t see what’s coming their way.

®hiÆ¨|gÅg¢£h¡_o©·¬}g` One day, the bubble burst, the economy sank.
«xg¥p|¥Æoo«lh}go£hhiÇ¥h·}¢ People lost their jobs and drowned in debts.
phg¡¢Æoi¡£r|Ë£¢_«}§h}¥`«§Æo«xg¥p«io King Rama IX taught his people
THEPHILOSOPHYOFTHESUŹCIENCYECONOMYí
}£|h¢|jo_r¥g±`¬hiÇ ¢zh£j¦Çh¢o¥g}_}¸Ë£g¨¸o`
¢h¢Çh¢o«ig·£«b|¸£j£jo«½h~£hiÆ _lh«l`hË£j¸£
jor¢Çh|i ¬h|»¬h ®·¸£~©£«b|j£ «§Æ££¯|¸®h¨liÆi
«§¡ihÆ o¢Æ h££{»o¨{¢rg£iÆ «½h«§iÆ ¸£oj¦hÇ «§Æ «q¥qo®h¡£r¥gi £uph£¥«golo¥¥ £r
_lh¸`£giÆ¨|¨lh¦Æo®h¡¢}¥£}»¯Ë£®¸rhr¢Çhg£opË£hh
¢}¥lc }£·£o«§¡iÆh¢Æoh££{»o¨{iÆ¡£«|Åp¡p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢| ®¸
£g gp£go£h¡pË££«b|¸£hj£jo¥¡ ph«g¥|¢zh
¸£oj¦Çh}£l}¥l£«r§Æ®h£h££{»
·£jo«|¥hr¥®h}£|h¢|¢g{¡hiÇ£ph~¦o¼pp¨¢h
The Royal Barge, Narai Song Suban King Rama IXWASBUILTTOCOMMEMORATETHE+INGŋS'OLDEN*UBILEEIN4HEDESIGNFOLLOWEDTHE
Royal Barge of King Rama IV, which was based on Brahma beliefs. 4HESE_CHIC`ŵEAMARKETSEMERGEDAFTERTHE4OM9AM+UNGCRISISIN)TWAS
CALLEDAN_OPEN TRUNKMARKET`WHERETHEFORMERLYRICHWOULDCOMESELLTHEIR
£p£gh¢o§¡£«|Åp¡«p¸£©·¢g¢o£h¥¡¬¡g£g¬p¢|¥»|£¥£¢¥£g USEDBRANDNAMEITEMSTOMAKEALIVING)TWASAPERIODOFMASSBANKRUPTCYAND
)MAGEFROM+ING"HUMIBOL!DULYADEJAND(IS6ERSATILITYINTHE!RTS$ESIGN0UBLISHEDBY3ILPAKORN5NIVERSITY
MANYMIDDLE CLASSPEOPLELEFTTHEIRJOBSTOSTARTTHEIROWNBUSINESSES-ARKETS
became a fashionable thing, and the trend still continues today.
£«§Ç«e¿|h¥}££l|i
62 63
r·o¸¨gl¨gl£hhiÆ«o $URINGSUCHADIŹCULTTIME
Thainess was expressed in a new form.
l£«½h¯¯|¸¬|og£®h©¬®·
There was a longing for identity and the glory of the past.
S
«½hg££}¢}h¬¡£|i}¢ho|o£
ig££h«g·£ ®· The old and the new combined.
¥p¢«g¢g{»¯£}·|®hö®·± Thai characteristics were presented in a new light.
4HAINESSINTHISERAŴNALLYBROKEAWAYFROMITSOLDDEŴNITION
l£«½h¯®h¨lhiÇ
«½h¨liÆ ££~£}¢«o«½h¨|p£gjh«hi£{¯|¸£Ë «Åp
¨g¥p£©¨|± ¢op£g«§o¯·£h
¸h¥g}«xg¥p¯¬¸c}£| ®hr·o £l¢x¢hg¢£·o«¥¢}¢g{»¸o~¥Æh®¸«j¸¬jÅo
£jo¯i©l·£ ¸£h£ i
£ j¦Çhg·£¬}·g·hphg¡¢Æo¢o¥g}«xg¥p g£®¸l£Ë£l¢ug¢
¢}£
£«}¥}«qiÆ}·c ¨g¥p£«½h ¢zh¸o~¥hÆ ¯|¸«|·hr¢|j¦hÇ ph«g¥|~hh£¢zhj¦hÇ ®h£p¢o¢|
ig¨g¥ph¦oÆ ijÆ £l£«½h¯¢oÇ g£¥g£ «½hg£ipÆ ¡¬|o©¥ u
¼ u£¸o~¥hÆ }·lh£hg|¸¥}¢{y»¥hl¸£g£
g£}g¬}·o~£hiÆ ¬¡g£h|}£¥r£h|¯ ¬|o££¬¡§Æh±
iÆ}·| |¢|¬o £p£gg£¥r£g£h|¬h
)NTHESTHEGOVERNMENTTRIEDTOPROMOTELOCALIDENTITIES!FTERTHEECONOMICCRISIS
£{iÆ¢|¥Ê
©ÒÂÇÑ¹¹Õé
INLOCALCULTUREBECAMEEVENMOREIMPORTANTANDA_#ULTURAL2OAD`WASESTAB
LISHEDINMANYPROVINCES4HISWASAPLACEWHERETHELOCALSWOULDCOMEPRESENTTHEIR
Spas were a rising business after Thailand made it through
communities’ wisdom through products, performances, and food.
the economic crisis. (In 2000, the spa industry in Thailand
WASWORTH53MILLIONANDENJOYEDAANNUALGROWTH «§Ç«e¿£|¥|£¨
Image Courtesy of Worawit Dawut
The spa industry uses Thainess as a selling point, from its
SERVICESTOITSDECORATION4HEMETHODSWEREADAPTEDFROM
traditional Thai massage taught at Wat Pho.
£h}»h£oh£g ³£¡£p ¬hq¢h log£_h¦oÆ }Ë£h¦oÆ ¥}¢{y»` ¢zh££p£g¬hl¥|/NE6ILLAGE ¢o¥g}}¸Ë£g¨¸o «g¥|g¡¬¢g¯¢g~¥Æh¬¯±j¦Çh

o ¢o¥g}«xg¥pc g¡¬g££|i} /NE0RODUCTjo«§o¥}¡¡«uiÆ¨²hir§Æ··£¥hl¸£/4/0 ·£og¸£oj£o hË£¯©·g£¸£o£g£¸h¨l 2ETRO }£|
¬¡}¢}h¬_¯±`g¢£«|·hr¢|j¦hÇ ¢op£g¥g}}¸Ë£gö¸ r·o«£ /NE 4AMBON /NE 0RODUCT «½hg£«b|g£®¸¸o~¥Æhig£®hg£¥} «g·£«§o«g·£g£¬£{¬¡§Æh±«g¥|j¦Çh·£o£g£¨lhiÇ}£|
h¢Çhg¡¬h¢o¸h¨l«g·£±¸£h±«j¸££«i|h¢o¬h§Æh±ph| ¥hl¸£}£©¥¼uu£¬¡¢}~¨|¥iÆi ¥hl¸£«½hg¨·¥hl¸£iÆh¢¯|¸·£i ¢££r¨g«§o£«½h~£hiÆ¸££|Ë£¢g£·o«iÆ
¨l¥gl£«½h¯£giÆ¨|g¨·h¦Æo ¬h£|i}
Nang Nak Tears of the Black Tiger (2000), Fan Chan (My Girl)
and The Overture WERE4HAIŴLMSRELEASEDAFTERTHEECONOMICCRISISIN 4HE_/NE4AMBOM/NE0RODUCT`PROJECTINITIATEDINWASBASEDONTHE/NE6ILLAGE/NE !FTERTHE4OM9AM+UNGCRISIS ATRENDOFVALUINGLOCALWISDOMEMERGED
4HENOSTALGICTRENDWASEXCEPTIONALLYSTRONGAFTERTHE4OM9AM+UNGCRISIS Product project in Oita, Japan. OTOP allowed local people to produce what their community ANDSPREAD4HEREWASARETROVIBEINTHEAIRñRETROMARKETSRETROTOWNS
SOMOSTOFTHEŴLMSTHATCAMEOUTTHATYEARHADANOSTALGICRETROVIBE did best, using local wisdom and materials. OTOP products are the best representation of RETROCAFESANDMORE!MPHAWAOLD-ARKET3AM#HUKAND0AIWEREMUST VISIT
Thainess. destinations for those nostalgic for the glory of the past.
64 65
¡«¯«j¸£©·¬·og£«q¥qog£}·£o±
jo¡£«|Åp¡«p¸£©·¢¢rg£iÆ
l£«½h¯®hjh«hi£{~©g«igg¢£®r¸igl¢Ço
S
~£¢hr£}¥£h£¡£g¢}¥»¢olo«½h¢®pl£«½h¯
Thailand entered a decade of celebrations in honor of King Rama IX,
ANDOLD4HAITRADITIONSWEREREVIVEDí
Nation, Religion, and King remain the core of Thainess …
c¬·oi«§ol§c¡£r¥iqo¥¥£r¢}¥lc r¨|¨{«p|i» g¬£«§Æ®r¸¡g|®h

hgp£gg£¬|ol£po¢g¢g|i¬¸¥Æojo«l§Æo®r¸}·£o±®hr·ohiÇ o£h-RS5NIVERSE ¢hiiÆ«b|}¢
¸h}¸o«½hi«§o¡|¢}£¢u¢g{»¡pË£¥i ¬¡~§«½hc g£gÅ~©g¢ol_~·«¡`|¸j¸£_¯·
¬g± iÆ£v¯¬|ol£po¢g¢g|i®h¬h¢zh _´` «£¡` r¨|hiÇ®r¸ol»¡giÆ«½h¬g·h
·£o¬·£ ¬ghjol£«½h¯l§¨£h£¬¡
«£®ho «p|i» o®h¡££r¢o¬}·£Ë ¢lh
lË£«ig®ho¢rg£iÆ·£_·`¬¸p¡«¥Æ}¸h®hr·o¡£r¥i ¯¢Ço¥ÆohiÇ¸h«½h_jo©o`¢olp¦o¯·
qo¥¥£r¢}¥lcp£g«o_}¸h¯¸jo·`¬}·¢o®r¸g¢h «Åh|¸ipÆ ¡hË££¸£o«½hr¨|¡g|h£oo£
¯·¬·£phg¡¢Æocqocolo£r»lË£·£_·`p¦o l£«½h¯¢o¨l£¯g«g¥h ¨|¸£©¸ g¬«iÆ h«½hr¨|_}¡«ih
g£«½hlË££¢uiÆ gh¥g®r¸«ig_¢rg£iÆ `®hg£}·£o± g·£iÆ®lp¡p¥h}h£g£g·£igcj¸£oh¸£«£p¡«·»¢o olo¯`
4HEYEARWASALLYELLOWASITWASTHEYEAROFTHE3IXTIETH!NNIVERSARY
¢og£¯~¦o¯hr¨|¥o£ig£jo¥¬gh|»¸ «Å|p£g The Suwanna Chedi (Golden Chedi) costume was
Celebrations of King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s Accession to the Throne. The people o£h¡g|-ISS'RAND4HAILAND|¸¬hl¥|g£®r¸ DESIGNEDFORTHE-RS5NIVERSEPAGEANT
showed their loyalty through yellow items, the color of King Bhumibol. That ¢u¢g{»l£¢}»l©·¸£hl©·«§ol©·r£h£¯ IN!SSOONASTHEIMAGEWAS
YEAREVERYTHINGWASYELLOW)TWASTHEŴRSTTIMETHATTHE4HAIPEOPLEEXPRESSED ®h¨lilÆ £«½h¯££~¸£ol£_«gº`¬¡¬}g}·£ol£££ RELEASEDSOCIETYWENTCRAZYWITH
THEIRDEVOTIONTOTHE+INGTHROUGHPOPCULTURESYMBOLS ¢g|¢hg¡¬¯jolh¨·h®·p¦o¯|¸¢g£¢¬¡_g|¯l»`®¸g¢ 4HAINESSINTHESSANDSHASEVOLVEDSOMUCHTHATITIS NEGATIVECOMMENTSSAYINGITWAS
We the King ¬hl¥|·o«¥l£«½h¯¬hiÇ hard to predict what it will look like in the next decade. “inappropriate.” The costume’s concept
+ING "HUMIBOL WAS THE COUNTRYŋS _FATHER` $URING THE &IFTIETH !NNIVERSARY The national costumes in the Miss Grand Thailand beauty pageant adopted CENTEREDONTWOELEMENTSñ"UDDHISMAND
Celebrations of King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s Accession to the Throne, a song As Thainess became a fashion trend, the new generation embraced and “Liked” LOCALMOTIFSñA.AGASERPENTBUŸALOSOLDIERSAND3UVARNABHUMI!IRPORT the chedi of the Grand Palace, both of which are
CALLED_&ATHERŋS4REE`WASCOMPOSED#ALLINGTHE+ING_FATHER`HOWEVERDID this form of Thainess. ñTOCREATEUNUSUALOUTŴTSTHATREPRESENT4HAINESSINADIŸERENTLIGHT HIGHLYREVEREDBY4HAIS4HEREFOREMANYFELTTHATTHEY
NOTBECOMEWIDESPREADUNTILTHE3IXTIETH!NNIVERSARYAFTERWHICHTHE+ING SHOULDNOTBEUSEDONANOUTŴTFORABEAUTYPAGEANT
£«§Ç«e¿|{xp¢h»¥¥ «§Ç«e¿£|go¡g|¥¬gh|»¯¬h|»
was usually referred to as “father.” Images Courtesy of Mussamont Chansiri Images Courtesy of Miss Grand Thailand Peagent The designer relented and changed the design.
66 67
«§Ç £|g§_«§Ç og£h}»`«½h«§Ç lg¬pih
¥»£|g·£o«§Ç ££«|¥«§Ç rh¥|hihÇ ¥ ©®· h©· l¨{¢}¥ ·£oh¦oÆ jol£«h½ ¯l§ _l£
h¢g¬|o«o§Çh¸£h¡«Ë£}¢|«oq·«o«§ l£«½h¯®h£}£jolh¬}·¡¨·hi¢«iÆh¯ g¡¬_¯±`¢o¯·}g££~j¸££ph~¦o «g·£`«§Æ gg¢ g¡¬
h¥¯¢o¨l¥
£¢g{»¬¸£h±Ë£®¸lh¢Æ¯h¥hË££®·®ho£h }£¨l¢g£¢l£«½h¯¬®·±«g¥|j¦Çh |£¸£h££o¬~£hiÆ · o«iÆ }·£og¬}g¬}·o hl¸££g£¸hpË£«½h
¦|ol£«g·£¯¸|¸«r·hg¢h lË£¡«
¡«{i¯|«q£¡¡«{iog£h}» «§Æ}¸og£ ¯|¸}|«£®hg¡¬_¯±`jolh¨·h®· «½h¬¸£h±«g·£±¯±¯|¸¢ l£h¥p£gh¢g«sc¾ ¢|«½h iÆg c g£¬
£{hËÇ£¥gr£¢ogº«}iÉ«§©}|¢
¡¸hl£«½h¯ig©¬h¦Æo ·£o£gl£«½h¯¬®·hiÇ£p¯·¦|og¢l£«½h¯¬ Ço«|¥«½h¥ÆopË£«½hË£¢
4HAINESSMEANSDIŸERENTTHINGSFORDIŸERENTGENERATIONSINDIF «h|»®h¨lhiÇ
FERENTPERIODS.EWDEŴNITIONSEMERGEALLTHETIMEREDEŴNING
p£i}£{«gÅ¯|¸¯·}¸o§Çh¸£h¨·oh£go£o«gÅ¯|¸~§«½hl£
4HEŵORALSHIRTOR_3ONGKRANSHIRTÌSAROUNDNECKBUTTON 4HAINESSWITH4HAI ISHADDITIONS «½h¯®hl£©¸¦g¬_¯±ìÆ¢«iÆh¯|¸¬}·¯·¬g¬g One of the components of Thainess is
down shirt with Hawaiian prints. Formerly, it was worn by folk being “ancient.” The Thai trend contin
THROUGHOUTTHESSAND ued
PERFORMERSBUTITSBOY NEXT DOORFEELMADEITAPOPULARCHOICE SRESULTINGINMANYPRODUCTSRELYING
Blending Thainess into pop culture and designs remained a major trend throughout ONBEINGANCIENTñ YEAR OLDMi Krop
OFATTIREIN4HAIFESTIVALSSUCHAS3ONGKRANASITWASWORNTO THESSANDS2ESTAURANTSHOTELSANDTOURISTATTRACTIONSAD CRISPYRICENOODLES ANCIENTCOŸEE
ROYALRECIPECHILIPASTEANDAUTHENTICBOATN
present Thainess. OPTEDRETRO4HAISTYLESANDTHISWASMETWITHGREATENTHUSIASMBYSELŴE LOVERS OODLES(AVINGAWORDTHATINDICATES
an old origin in the name was a must.
4HISTYPEOF4HAINESSHADALMOSTNOTHINGTODOWITHTRADITIONAL4HAINESSñNO
TEMPLESNOPALACESNOHAYSTACKNORICEŴELDS4HAINESSHASMANYFACETSAND
this is one of them.
68 69
๔ ๔
THAILAND’S THREE PILLARS

¸ohiÇ «i §Æ o¡«{i«g£¬¡££jo¯®·¯¸®hg·ojh£|£®h

i«g£¥£iÆ £i¯Æ jo«§Æ o}·£o± i£¡gjop¥oipÆ ¢ }¸o¯|¸ «·h¯|¸
¬¡i«gipÆ ¡Ë£®¸«j¸£®p«§Æ o£¯|¸h¨g¥oÆ j¦hÇ
ไทยประเพณี
THAI TRADITIONS
DECODING
4HISGALLERYFEATURES4HAITRADITIONSCEREMONIESANDMANNERSINTHREE

DIŸERENTBOXES%ACHBOXCONTAINSADOCUMENTEXPLAININGMANYASPECTS
OFTHESETOPICSWITHILLUSTRATIONSPROPSASWELLASFUNGAMESTOHELP
YOUBETTERUNDERSTANDTHEM ประเพณี เทศกาล และมารยาทไทย
ไม่ว่าจะเป็นของเก่าแก่โบร่ําโบราณ หรือของเพิ่งเกิดเมื่อวานซืน
ล้วนเป็นภาพสะท้อนชีวิตไทยที่ผกผันตามภูมิประเทศ ภูมิอากาศ ความเชื่อ กาลเวลา
และแน่นอนว่าเป็นสิ่งสะท้อนดีเอ็นเอความเป็นไทยได้เป็นอย่างดี
4HAITRADITIONSCEREMONIESANDMANNERS
WHETHEROLDORRECENT
AREAREŵECTIONOF4HAIWAYSOFLIFEWHICHDIŸERFROMREGIONTOREGIONCULTURETOCULTUREANDERATOERA
4HEYAREATRUETESTAMENTOF4HAINESS
70 71
73
๔

72
๔

พระมหากษัตริย์
KING
ชาติ
NATION
ศาสนา
RELIGION
74 75
๕ ๕
MAGNIFICENTLY THAI
ไทยอลังการ
¸ohi¯Ç |¸¨}¥ £r¢¢og»¬¡¸o¡oj¦hÇ «·£g¢·£¸o¢oÇ ¸ohilÇ § ¬|hl»

i|£h«|£h«½hg¨·|£h¸o³£ i£r¢¢og»«½h©h»g£op¢g£
£g«j¸£¯|©£r¢¢og»p£Ë o·£o®g¸r|¥ h¢hÆ l§g£pË£o«j£¡¨«¨ ij£¥o»
¬h¢}»p£g²£¥£h}» ©oj¦hÇ ¯l§lÿ©«¸ ³£«r¥o«j£¡¨«¨ «h§j¦hÇ ¯igr¢hÇ
ไทยอลั งการ
MAGNIFICENTLY THAI
p¡«½h«·£«|£g·hp¡~¦o¢¢og»jo¡¥h»h|«j£¡¨«¨
DECODING
4HISGALLERYHOUSESAREPLICAOFTHEROYALTHRONEANDTHRONEHALL4HEREFORE
THISISAPLACEINHEAVENWITHSTARSONTHECEILINGRESEMBLINGTHEUNIVERSE ราชบัลลังก์ถูกสมมุติให้เป็นที่ประทับของพระอินทราธิราช
4HE ROYAL THRONE IS THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE AND UPON CLOSER บนยอดเขาพระสุเมรุ ศูนย์กลางแห่งจักรวาล
EXAMINATIONYOUCANSEETHATTHETHRONEISAREPLICAOF-OUNT-ERU
4HEBASEISADORNEDWITHLIONSŋLEGSREPRESENTINGAMYTHICALCREATURE ตามคติความเชื่อแบบ พราหมณ์ - พุทธ
OFTHE(IMAVANTA&OREST!TTHENEXTLEVELIS'ARUDATHEPROTECTOROF นี่จึงทําให้ราชบัลลังก์เป็น “ของสูง” ที่สุดสิ่งหนึ่งในความเป็นไทย
-OUNT-ERUANDTHELEVELABOVEHASDIVINITIESRIGHTBENEATHTHETHRONE
OF)NDRAATTHEPEAKOF-OUNT-ERU ทั้งความหมาย ความงาม และความเชื่อ
และในฐานะเป็นที่ประทับของพระอินทราธิราชแห่งสยามประเทศ
“หัวใจ” ของความเป็นไทย
"ASEDONTHECENTRALBELIEFSOF"RAHMANISMAND"UDDHISM
THEROYALTHRONEISBELIEVEDTOBEAPLACEWHERE)NDRATHE+INGOFTHEGODSRESIDES
ATOP-OUNT-ERUTHECENTEROFTHEUNIVERSE
4HEREFORETHEROYALTHRONEISCONSIDEREDANOBJECTOFREVERENCEIN4HAICULTURE
REVEREDFORITSPURPOSEGRANDEURANDSYMBOLICMEANING
ASTHEPLACEOFRESIDENCEOFTHEGOD)NDRATHEPROTECTOROF3IAM
4HE_HEARTÒF4HAINESS
76 77
79
๕
MAGNIFICENTLY THAI
78
๕
MAGNIFICENTLY THAI
ที่ประทับของพระอินทร์
2ESIDENCEOF)NDRA
เทวดา
$IVINITIES
ที่ประทับของพระอินทร์
2ESIDENCEOF)NDRA
เทวดา
$IVINITIES
ครุฑ
'ARUDA ครุฑ
'ARUDA
£p£gh¢o§
เขาพระสุเมรุ ¨|£¯}©¥q¢göi¨£ q¢hï«· เขาพระสุเมรุ
-OUNT-ERU p¢|¥»|g¥£g -OUNT-ERU
80 81
83
๕
MAGNIFICENTLY THAI
82
๖ ๖
DEGREES OF THAINESS
ไทยแค่ไหน
¸ ohiÇ |Ë £ |¢ l£«j¸ jol£«½ h ¯®h¡|¢ iÆ ¬ }g}· £ og¢ h |

g}¢·£op£g«l§Æo¬}·og£¨g¨l¢ h·£o¢«§hg¢h·£«l§Æo¬}·og£iÆ
l¨{®·£¢hhiÇp¡il£«½h¯®h¡|¢¯h
ไทยแค่ ไหน
DEGREES OF THAINESS
DECODING
4HIS GALLERY PLOTS DEGREES OF 4HAINESS AT VARIOUS LEVELS &OR INSTANCE
LOOKING AT THE OUTŴTS THAT 4HAIS HAVE WORN IN THE PAST HOW 4HAI ARE
THECLOTHESWEWEARTODAY
เรามักสงสัยอยู่เสมอว่า
“ความเป็นไทย” ดูกันตรงไหน วัดกันอย่างไร
คําตอบหนึ่งที่เราได้คือ
ให้มองออกมาจากศูนย์กลางของความเป็นไทยนั่นแหละ
สิ่งที่อยู่ใกล้ศูนย์กลางคือ ชาติ ศาสนา พระมหากษัตริย์
ก็จะถูกตัดสินให้เป็นไทย “เข้มข้น” มากกว่าสิ่งที่อยู่ห่างออกไป
อย่างไรก็ดียุคสมัยใหม่ที่เปิดกว้างขึ้น
ทําให้ความแตกต่างของความเป็นไทยเริ่มลดน้อยลงทุกที
7EOFTENWONDER
(OWDOWEDEŴNE_4HAINESS`
/NEOFTHEWAYSIS
TOLOOKFROMTHECENTEROF4HAINESS
!TTHECOREOF4HAINESSISTHETRIADOF4HAINATIONALISM .ATION2ELIGION+ING
4HESETHINGSARECONSIDERED_MORE4HAI`THANOTHERSUBJECTSFURTHEROUT
"UTASTHESOCIETYGROWSMOREACCEPTING
THELINETHATDEŴNES4HAINESSHASBECOMEBLURRED
0ERHAPSITŋSSOMETHINGWECANŴNDOUTINTHE_CLASSROOM
84 85
87
๖
DEGREES OF THAINESS
86
ขอขอบคุณ SPECIAL THANKS TO:
«§Ç·o©³£ หัวโขนพระราม Khon Mask of Rama
¼g££|c¡¢}~» o£hjojl»r¢p¢h» 4HEWORKOF+HANCHAI(OMJAN
«|Åp¡«¢}h»
3HIRT"EARING0RINCESS
¢o ชุดเจ้านายสตรีในราชสํานัก Full Ceremonial Costume of ๖
r£h¨·¨¥ ผ้าทรงสะพัก a Siamese Princess
3IRINDHORNŋS$RAWINGS
DEGREES OF THAINESS
«§Ç«e¿| Sequin Embroidered Shoulder
-USLIM-AN ¥¢«|¡¢h«Åh«}»¯»pË£g¢| Sash
สไบแพรจีบ #OLLECTIONOF
£ry©}g££h «§Ç«e¿|{¥g£»£h¥r THE/NE%NTERPRISE#O,TD
«h£|ir¢Çh©o «§Ç§| Pleated Silk Shoulder Sash
3IAMESE #OLLECTIONOF0ANNIKA7ANICH
r££ _q¢h«g¥|®h¢rg£iÆ` ชุดเสนาบดีชั้นสูงชาวสยาม
$IPLOMAT ¡£ 3IAMESE 4 SHIRT ผ้านุ่งสมปักปูมลายนาคเกี้ยว
Costume of a Siamese Nobleman
2AMA .OBLEMAN o£hjo¨r}¥}£«p¥u
"EARINGTHE0HRASE Ikat Silk
_)WASBORNINTHEREIGN เสื้อครุยราชฑูตโกษาปาน 4HEWORKOF3URACHOT4HAMJAROEN
"IKEFOR-OM OF+ING2AMA)8OF4HAILAND` }¢|«Å|ö»i Gown of a Siamese Diplomat
ลอมพอก 4AILOREDBY9UTHAPHONG-EEPROM
«§Çl¨¢{y¥}p¨£ «p¸£h£}i "IKEFOR$AD «§Ç«e¿| Ceremonial Coif
Ë£h¢go£h¢»¥h·h¡£g¢}¥» #OLLECTIONOF
#HULALONGKORN5NIVERSITY ®h£rË£h¢g THE#ROWN0ROPERTY"UREAU
'RADUATION'OWN &ULL#EREMONIAL ชุดสตรีชาววังในสมัย ร.๕
£©¯ เสื้อลูกไม้สมัยวิกตอเรียน
#OSTUMEOF 0HU4AI7OMAN
Costume of a Siamese Court
«l§Æo¬h¢g«ih }¢|«Å|¸o«§Ç«s»« Lady in the 1900s
A3IAMESE0RINCESS
¢}¸h ¯
Victorian Lace Blouse
}ir£¢o «l§Æo¬j¸££rg£ ชุดเครื่องแบบพนักงานต้อนรับบน 4AILOREDBY3URFACE!PPAREL
5NIFORMSFOR _-UAY4HAI` เครื่องบินการบินไทย
®h¢ ®h¢ñ *UNIOR(IGH3CHOOL 4HAI"OXING «§Ç«e¿| Uniform of Thai Airways Flight
3IAMESE#OURT,ADY 5NIFORMOF 3TUDENTS ¥¢g£¥h¯pË£g¢|£rh Attendants
A3IAMESE/ŹCER «§Ç«e¿¸£|r¥h¢}¯¯ #OLLECTIONOF
INTHES 4HAI!IRWAYS)NTERNATIONAL
r¨|p¢hg¥hi r¨|¡£r£h ¬·u¥o¸£hh£ -ATERIALSBY3HINAWATRA4HAI3ILK
r¨|¯¡£rh¥ &ORMAL4HAI.ATIONAL ชุดช่อฟ้าทองอําไพ
+INNARI!TTIRE ,ANNA7OMAN r¨|¡pË£r£}¥®hg£¡g|
r¨|¯¥h» #OSTUMEFOR-ALE ¥¥h«}»lh}¥«hh}¢
INTHE.ORTHERN Golden Spire Attire.ATIONAL
&ORMAL4HAI ชุดจันทกินรี #OSTUMEFOR-ISS)NTERCONTINENTAL
4HAILAND "EAUTY0AGEANT
.ATIONAL#OSTUME r¨|r£h£ r¨|¡pË£r£}¥®hg£¡g|
FOR&EMALE ¥¬gh|»¥h«}»«hr¢Æh¬h Kinnari Attire-YTHICAL&EMALE
&A
&ARMER «§Ç«e¿| (ALF BIRD#REATURE
¨g£p¢hr}¥ .ATIONAL#OSTUMEFOR
h¢|»¬l|h¢|»¯¸ «§Ç_g¡¥o¬|o` -ISS'RAND)NTERNATIONAL
««i|¬gh|»h|»
2ONALD-C$ONALD_7AI` ©¸¥£}i _2ED"ULL`4ANK4OP "EAUTY0AGEANT
&EMALE ชุดทํางานของผู้บริหารสตรี ตัดเย็บจาก #OLLECTIONOF
!YUTTAGARN#HANTACHOT
r¨|r·³£oË£¯ %XECUTIVE ผ้าไหมไทย -YRIAD'RAND-ONDE
}¢|«Å|¨{¢g{»}·£g¨¥»
'OLDEN3PIRE!TTIRE Silk Dress of a Female Executive
£¯o|Ë£
เสื้อ Bike for Dad 4AILOREDBY!ROONLUK4AISAKULTIP
h¢go£h}¸h¢ «§Ç«e¿|n¥}r·r©¥Ê
«|iÇg£g¸£ £s·o เสื้อ Bike for Mom
h¨·b rv£ h«l§Æo¥h «§Ç«e¿|jl»r¢p¢h»
“Bike for Dad” T-Shirt
4AI$AM #OLLECTIONOF+OSIT#HUAYCHOORIT
/ŹCE'UY ,ADY'AGA g£¥h¯ "LACK4AI “Bike for Mom” T-Shirt
$ONNINGTHE4HAI 4HAI!IRWAYS ชุดภูไท #OLLECTIONOF+HANCHAI(OMJAN
r¨|¯¯¸£o 7OMAN เสื้อภูไท
4HEATRICAL(EADDRESS &LIGHT!TTENDANTS }¢|«Å|¬·lË£h¡o
7EAR4HAI$RESS Phu Tai Costume
p¢g¢or£pih ¥bh¬·or£}¥c Blouse
'O3HOPPING £j£¢h¥¶ñ¸£ 4AILOREDBY+HAMSON3ATHONG
#HINESE#OOLIE .ATIONAL!RTIST
ชุดไททรงดํา 6ISUAL!RTSñ4RADITIONAL7EAVING
ซิ่นแตงโม
«§Ç«e¿|¥¥¢{y»£h~h Tai Dam (Black Tai) Costume
«|Ågu¥or££ «§Ç£|g p¢o¢|«rï Pinstripe Skirt
§_«§Çog£h}»` #OLLECTIONOF0ANTANOM-USEUM
3IAMESE'IRL 0ETCHABURI0ROVINCE
_3ONGKRAN`3HIRT £g¡«iÆo
หุ่นโรนัลด์ แมคโดนัลด์ ไหว้
«§Ç«e¿|¥¢¬l¯pË£g¢|
+AREN'IRL Ronald McDonald Wai
_«|Åg£` #OLLECTIONOF-C4HAI#O,TD
_3IAM3QUARE`'IRL
88 89
๗ ๗
ONLY IN THAILAND
ไทย ONLY
¸ohipÇ |¢ ¬|oj¸£jo«l§Æ o®r¸«iÆ £«Åhg¢h·£ol¨h¸ }£®hri}¥ ¡pË£¢h ¬}·l£hiÇ

£g®¸o¨|o·£o}¢oÇ ®po®¸h£hg·£i«Æ lË£¬¸p¡©p¸ g¢ _lh¯¬¸±`
p£gj¸£jo«l§Æo®r¸«·£hiÇ
ไทย ONLY
ONLY IN THAILAND
DECODING
4HISGALLERYEXHIBITSEVERYDAYITEMSTHATWESEEAROUNDUS7EWANTYOU
TOTAKEAGOODLOOKATTHEMANDSEEBEYONDTHEIREXTERIOR,OOKDEEPER
INTOTHEMANDYOUWILLUNDERSTAND4HAIPEOPLEALITTLEBETTER
ไทยเท่านั้น คือไทยมี ไทยทํา แต่ที่อื่นไม่มี
แม้จะเป็นสิ่งเล็กสิ่งน้อย แต่นี่คือชิ้นส่วนทางประวัติศาสตร์ระดับ “บ้านๆ”
บรรดาสิ่งของที่ดู เรียบง่าย น่ารัก น่าหยิก และเกินจินตนาการเหล่านี้
เป็นปรากฏการณ์ทางวัฒนธรรมที่สะท้อนบุคลิกของคนไทยและความเป็นไทย
ในฐานะนักผสมผสาน ปรับปรุง ดัดแปลง และแก้ปัญหาได้อย่าง “สุดๆ”
เชื่อได้เลยว่าสิ่งเหล่านี้เกิดขึ้นมาอย่างไม่หยุดยั้ง
นับตั้งแต่มีสยามประเทศเกิดขึ้นมาบนโลกนี้
#ERTAINTHINGSAREMADEBY4HAISONLYANDARENOTAVAILABLEELSEWHERE
4HEYMIGHTBESEEMINGLYTRIVIALTHINGSBUTTHESEAREALLHISTORICALOBJECTSWHICHREŵECTTHELOCALLEVEL
3IMPLEFUNPLAYFULANDIMAGINATIVE
THESEITEMSARECULTURALPRODUCTSTHATREŵECT4HAINESSAND4HAIPEOPLE
4HAISAREREMARKABLEINVENTORSWHOCANCOMEUPWITHUNBELIEVABLESOLUTIONS
3UCHINNOVATIONSWILLKEEPEMERGINGINTHEFUTURELIKETHEYHAVEALWAYSDONEINTHEPAST
90 91
ไทย ONLY
93
๗
ONLY IN THAILAND
92
๗
ONLY IN THAILAND
ไทย ONLY

1 2 3 4 5 6
r§Æ£¢u บะหมี่กึ่งสําเร็จรูป r§Æ£¢u ช้อนสแตนเลส r§Æ£¢u กระบอกจําหน่ายบัตรโดยสารรถประจําทาง r§Æ£¢u รองเท้าแตะนันยาง r§Æ£¢u โอเลี้ยงใส่ถุงผูกหนังกะติ๊ก r§Æ£¢u ถุงกระดาษ
r§Æ«·h± £·£j¢u®pr£|¢rhil£ph r§Æ«·h± r¸h¢Çhr¸h}¹¡gÅ«ig r§Æ«·h± g¡g}¢É~«» r§Æ«·h± ¬}¡}£r¸£o|£ r§Æ«·h± «iÇo~öh¦o r§Æ«·h± ~örl|i
¢ 4HAILAND 4HAILAND ¢ ¨}iÆ ¼pp¨¢h ¢ ¼pp¨¢h ¢ ¼pp¨¢h ¢ ¨}iÆ¼pp¨¢h®r¸h¸o ¢ ¡£{cg·h
£«}¨ p£gg£Ë£p·£ipË£hh¬}g}·£o £«}¨ ®r¸g¥h££¯|¸¨g¡« £«}¨ «½ho£hg¬iÆo}¢iÆ¨|rh¥|h¦Æo £«}¨ ¦|h«g§¨glh}¸o¯|¸®r¸ ¢h£®r¸~ö£}¥g«§Çg¸£¬h £«}¨ ®r¸Ë£¢®·¥hl¸£¡«}·£o±
¢Ço«¸h¬¡r£}¥£gg·£¬ ®r¸o£h«£¡§¥Æoh¢g¢oir·o®·}¢Érh¥| £«}¨ g·hi~ö£}¥g®r¸g¡µoh¸ ¼pp¨¢h|l£h¥
&ORMAL.AME Stainless spoon £l£}·£o±r·o¬g«iu££l£ &ORMAL.AME “Nanyang” thong sandals «r§gg¸¥Çg¢¸£h
&ORMAL.AME Instant noodles .ICKNAME 3HORTSPOONTABLESPOON £b|lg¥Ë£¢qig}¢É¬¡ .ICKNAME _%LEPHANT3TAR`SANDALS &ORMAL.AME Paper bag
.ICKNAME -AMA$ORM"OYSŋ"AE0OVERTY)NDEX %RA S TODAY Ë£«l§Æo£«iÆ¯ g¢ %RA 0RESENT &ORMAL.AME Iced black coffee in a bag with .ICKNAME #HOK$EEBAG,UCKYBAG
%RA 4HAILAND 4HAILAND 2EMARK 7ORKSWITHEVERYTYPEOFFOOD 2EMARK $URABLESTRONGAMUST HAVE a rubberband holder %RA S S
2EMARK 2ESEARCHHASSHOWNTHEREARE &ORMAL.AME Bus ticket vending tube FOREVERYONE .ICKNAME / LIANG 2EMARK 5SEDTOCONTAINALLKINDSOFPRODUCTS
MORETHANVARIETIESOFNOODLETYPES .ICKNAME "USTICKETTUBE %RA S4ODAYTHERECTANGULARBAGIS .OTWIDELYUSEDANYMORE
ANDŵAVOR %RA 0RESENT REPLACEDBYAPLASTICBAGWITHLOOP
2EMARK /NEOFTHECLEVERESTDESIGNSOF HANDLES
ALLTIMES0ERFECTGRIP0ERFECTLY 2EMARK "EFOREPLASTICBAGSBECAMEPOPULAR
DESIGNEDCOMPARTMENTSFOR / LIANGWASSOLDINATINCANLOOPED
VARIOUSCOINS3HARPCOVERFOR WITHNATURALŴBERTHREADS
TEARINGANDMARKINGTICKETS
94 95
๗
ONLY IN THAILAND
ไทย ONLY

7 8 9 10 11 12
r§Æ£¢u แกงใส่ถุงกลับบ้าน r§Æ£¢u หูหิ้วพลาสติกสําหรับแก้วกาแฟ r§Æ£¢u สติกเกอร์ติดรถ r§Æ£¢u ชุดเครื่องปรุงรส r§Æ£¢u เบียร์ใส่นํ้าแข็ง r§Æ£¢u ใบปิดโฆษณาประเวศร์ยิม
r§Æ«·h± ¬go~ö r§Æ«·h± ©¥Çg£¬ ¢ ¼pp¨¢h r§Æ«·h± o«l§Æoö ¢ ¼pp¨¢h r§Æ«·h± «}»¡«»¥
¢ h£h£¬¸ ¼pp¨¢h ¢ ¼pp¨¢h £«}¨ ®r¸«½h«l§Æo£o®r¸«}§h}¥®r¸}¥|«·hjË£± ¢ ¼pp¨¢h £«}¨ ¢zh/NTHE2OCK¬¯± ¢ l£¥l
£«}¨ «g¢g{»«q£¡¨g~ö}¸o¢|²o £«}¨ ¬g¸¢h«Åh ¢o¯|¸g¢«l§Æo|§Ærh¥|§Æh±ig«r·h £«}¨ ®r¸¯|¸h£h|¯·}¸o«iÆh|i¯sh»
&ORMAL.AME Bumper stickers &ORMAL.AME Condiment set hËÇ£¢|r£pih«iÇoh«Åhir©
&ORMAL.AME Food-to-go in a plastic bag &ORMAL.AME Plastic handle for coffee cup %RA 0RESENT .ICKNAME #ONDIMENTGARLAND &ORMAL.AME Prawet Gym advertisement
.ICKNAME "AGGEDFOOD .ICKNAME #OŸEEEARS 2EMARK 5SEDASALUCKYCHARMAREMINDER %RA 4ODAY &ORMAL.AME Beer-on-ice .ICKNAME 0RAWET'YMPOSTER
%RA 4HENANDNOW %RA 0RESENT AJOKE %RA 0RESENT %RA &OREVERANDALWAYS
2EMARK 4HEPUŹNESSISTHETRADEMARK 2EMARK 7ELLTHECUPŋSCOLDSOí 2EMARK 4HAI STYLEON THE ROCKSBEVERAGE 2EMARK !DESIGNTHATTRANSCENDSTIME
4HESAMEMETHODISUSEDWITH
OTHERDRINKSSUCHASŴZZYDRINKS
#HINESETEABLACKCOŸEEANDPINKMILK
96 97
๗
ONLY IN THAILAND
ไทย ONLY
ไทยแลนด์ เมืองไทยเสียบ
แดนนํา้ จิม้ ได้ทกุ อย่าง
THAILAND: THE LAND OF DIPS THAILAND: EVERYTHING ON A STICK
98 99
๗
ONLY IN THAILAND
ไทย ONLY
อาหารแห่งชาติ
ฟูด้ ออนวีล มีลออนเดอะโร้ด
MEALS ON WHEELS
FOOD ON WHEELS, MEALS ON THE ROAD
100 101
๘ ๘
INTERNATIONAL THAI
ไทย INTER
¸ohiÇ ri §Æ «·h·£ _¯«h «ho` «¥Æ ¬g«£p¡«Åh¥oÆ i«Æ ig·£ l£«½h
¯¬«·»o¢ i«Æ £¢gp¡«h®¸lh}·£or£}¥p¸© g¢ «£¬}·®hl£«½hp¥or£}·£o
r£}¥g¢ p¡_h¨g`g¢l£«½h¯¬_}i±`jo«££gg·£s¦oÆ l£«½h¯
¬}ihiÇ ¢g¯·~©ghË£«h·£h§Æ ¬}·}¸o£¢¢jop¥o|¸}¢«o~¦op¡©¸
ไทย INTER
INTERNATIONAL THAI
_r£}¥`l£«½h¯¬h·hh«£gÅ¯·h£Ë «h®h}h¬g«§hg¢h©|¸ }© ¸ o«§g
£l£«½h¯¬}i«£«o
DECODING
4HISGALLERYISNICKNAMED_4HAILANDPRESENTSITSELFTHEWORLDPERCEIVES`

“ความเป็นไทย” ที่เราภูมิใจเสนอมักเป็นของสูง เลอค่า และสง่างาม
)NITIALLY 4HAINESS WAS PRESENTED AS SOMETHING MAGNIŴCENT BUT IN REALITY แต่บางครั้ง “คนอื่น” เห็นและชมชอบความเป็น “ไทยบ้านๆ” ของเรามากกว่า
FOREIGNERS FOUND _STREET` 4HAINESS MORE ENJOYABLE 4HE STREET SIDE OF
4HAINESSISNOTPORTRAYEDINTHEMASSMEDIAñITISSOMETHINGFORVISITORSTO ซึ่งมีความหลากหลาย มีปรุงแต่ง มีเรียบง่าย มีซับซ้อน มีเปิดเผย มีซ่อนเร้น
EXPERIENCEANDDISCOVER มีชีวิตชีวา และมีความมหัศจรรย์ของความเป็นไทย
4HE_4HAINESS`THATEVOKESASENSEOFPRIDEUSUALLYREFERSTOREŴNEMENTANDGRANDEUR
"UTSOMETIMES_OUTSIDERS`PREFERTHESIMPLEREXPRESSIONSOF4HAINESSñ
DIVERSEŵAVORFULUNPRETENTIOUSLAYEREDANDABITMYSTERIOUS
4HAINESSISLIVELYANDWONDERFULLY4HAI
102 103
105
ไทย INTER
๘
INTERNATIONAL THAI
104
ภาพพุทธประวัติ
}h«p¸£r£¥¢}~¡«©}¢ÇoiÆ }·«h§Æo¯¢o}h ๘
«|Åpg£¥«hg{»ph~¦o}h}¢|¡«£c
INTERNATIONAL THAI
ไทย INTER
4HE MURAL PAINTINGS DEPICT THE LIFE OF THE ,ORD "UDDHA FROM
THE &OUR 3IGHTS CONTINUING TO THE 'REAT $EPARTURE AND 0RINCE
3IDDHARTHACUTTINGHISHAIR
£p£gh¢o§p¥}g£h¢o¢|lol££
p¢|¥»|Ë£h¢g¥»«§o£{
)MAGEFROM-URAL0AINTINGSOF7AT+HONGKHARAM
PUBLISHEDBY-UANG"ORAN0UBLISHING(OUSE
ภาพ “สยามเมืองยิ้ม”
ผลงานของ ธีรวัฒน์ นุชเจริญผล
«lh¥l i¡l¥¥lh¸£®
jh£| Xs
¢}¥jo ~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥
Thailand: The Land of Thousand “Smiles”

The Work of Teerawat Nutcharoenpol
4ECHNIQUE !CRYLICONCANVAS
3IZE XCM
#OLLECTIONOF .ATIONAL$ISCOVERY-USEUM)NSTITUTE
106 107
ไทยเสนอ – เทศสนอง
THAILAND PRESENTS — THE WORLD PERCEIVES ๘
INTERNATIONAL THAI
ไทย INTER
108 109
¸ohiÇpË£o£g£¸o«ih¨l|¬}·¡¨lp¡i«h§Ç£¬¡£g£
£o¢ol®¸_~|¢¯`·£hh¢o§¬«ih§Æ¥Æo¥»¬¡«o|
¥}¡pË£¨l«io¬l·hiÇgÅ££~«Åh¥ig£©g¼ol£«½h¯¯|¸¬¸
ไทยวิทยา
LESSONS IN THAINESS
๙
DECODING
4HISGALLERYPRESENTSCLASSROOMSINFOURERAS%ACHCLASSROOMCONTAINS
TEXTBOOKSPRINTMEDIAANDPOPULARSONGSOFTHEERASOYOUCANLEARNHOW
4HAINESSWASINSTILLEDINTHEPAST
ความเป็นไทยมีรูปแบบและเนื้อหาปรับเปลี่ยนไปตามยุคสมัย
๒๔๗๕ - ๒๔๙๐ ไทยในสมัยรัฐนิยม
๒๕๐๐ - ๒๕๒๕ สถาบันกษัตริย์กลับมาเป็นแกนกลางของความเป็นไทย
๒๕๓๐ - ๒๕๔๐ ความเป็นไทยในกระแสโลกไร้พรมแดน
๒๕๔๕ - ๒๕๕๙ ความเป็นไทยในยุคพอเพียง
น่าสงสัยเหมือนกันว่า เหตุใด เราจึงมองภาพความเป็นไทยเหมือนๆ กัน คิดเหมือนๆ กัน แม้ว่ายุคสมัยจะเปลี่ยนไป
บางที “ห้องเรียน” อาจให้คาํ ตอบนี้ได้
4HAINESSMEANTDIŸERENTTHINGSINDIŸERENTERAS
SñS 4HAINESSOF&IELD-ARSHAL0HIBUNŋS#ULTURAL-ANDATES
SñS 4HEKINGASTHECOREOF4HAINESS
S 4HAINESSINAGLOBALIZEDWORLD
SñS 4HAINESSINTHEAGEOFSUŹCIENCYECONOMY
7ECANNOTHELPBUTWONDERWHYTHROUGHTHEAGESTHEIMAGEANDCONCEPTOF4HAINESSHASREMAINEDPRETTYMUCHTHESAME
0ERHAPSITŋSSOMETHINGWECANŴNDOUTINTHE_CLASSROOM`
ไทยวิทยา
๙
LESSON IN THAINESS
๒๔๗๕ ๒๕๐๐
1932 1960s
,%33/.3).4(!).%33
¯¥£
l£«½h¯®h¬«ihr·o¢oc
«½hr·oiÆ¬«ihg¢£©|
«§Æo~£¢h¡£g¢}¥»£gj¦Çhg·£¨lg·h
l£ h¯®h¬«ihr·o¢oc
l£«½ 4HAINESSIN4EXTBOOKSAFTER
«½hr·ro¢o«iÆh¬og£glo 4HE+INGBECAMETHECOREOFTHECONTENT
MORETHANEVERBEFORE
«h§Ç£¢gg·£~¦o«§Æor£}¥£h£¡£g¢}¥»
¬¡g£glo¡¡r£¥¯}
¬¡
4HA
4HAINESSIN4EXTBOOKSAFTER
&OLLOWINGTHEPOLITICALREFORMSOFTHISPERIODTHECONTENT
TENDEDTOFOCUSONNATIONRELIGIONKINGANDDEMOCRACY
1942
942
1962
|oË£«Åp{g¥p1972
|gi}¥¥£1972
1954
1936
jjl¨{
¨|¬·or£}¥g¥£gg¡o¢zh
©h»{£h«£og£¦g£l{¡l¨£}»p¨£og{»£¥£¢
jjl¨{ ¨|i|ihol»£¥£¢£}»
©h»{£h«£og£¦g£
l{¡l¨£}»p¨£og{»£¥£¢ 3PECIAL4HANKSTO
.ATIONAL,IBRARY$EPARTMENTOF&INE!RTS-INISTRYOF#ULTURE
3PECIAL4HANKSTO %DUCATION)NFORMATION2ESOURCES#ENTER&ACULTYOF%DUCATION
%DUCATION)NFORMATION2ESOURCES#ENTER #HULALONGKORN5NIVERSITY
&ACULTYOF%DUCATION#HULALONGKORN5NIVERSITY 0RIDI"ANOMYONG,IBRARY4HAMMASAT5NIVERSITY
๒๕๓๐ ๒๕๔๐
1990s 2000s
,%33/.3).4(!).%33
¯¥£
l£«½h¯®h¬«ihr·o¢oc l£«½h¯®h¬«ihr·o¢oc
«½h¨l¬·og¡¬g£¥¢}h» ¬«ih«h¸h«§Æo¡£rg{ig¥p¬¡
¬«ih|¬g«§Æol£¢gr£}¥¸o~¥Æh ¬hl¥|¢ru£«iojo®ho¢rg£iÆ
¬¡~£¢h¡£g¢}¥»
4HAINESSIN4EXTBOOKSAFTER
4HAINESSIN4EXTBOOKSAFTER 2OYALDUTIESANDTHESUFŵCIENCYECONOMYPHILOSOPHY
)NTHEAGEOFGLOBALIZATIONTHECONTENTHADAHINTOF OF+ING2AMA)8WEREATTHEHEARTOFTHECONTENT
NATIONALISMLOCALITYANDTHE+ING
2013

|¢rhii¯{
|Ë£h¢gl{¡gg£g£¦g£§Çhx£h
"Y/ŹCEOFTHE"ASIC%DUCATION#OMMISSION
jjl¨{
©h»{£h«£og£¦g£l{¡l¨£}»p¨£og{»£¥£¢
¸o¨|Ë£h¢g¥r£g£¬¡£}x£hg£¦g£Ë£h¢gl{¡gg£g£¦g£§Çhx£h
3PECIAL4HANKSTO
%DUCATION)NFORMATION2ESOURCES#ENTER
&ACULTYOF%DUCATION#HULALONGKORN5NIVERSITY
"UREAUOF!CADEMIC!ŸAIRSAND%DUCATIONAL3TANDARDS
/ŹCEOFTHE"ASIC%DUCATION#OMMISSION q¢¥Ç¡£r£2016
๑๐ ๑๐
TASTE OF THAI
ไทยชิม
¸ohiÇ i £££g£«h©®¸lh¸ £ _¢¯` «½h££¸£h± igÆ h¥ g¢h©·

¨g¢h|¢¯®h££¬}·¡·£op¡~©gs·h©®· hp£h¨g®®h¸ohiÇ «io¬l·
l¸h¥~i |¢l¨{gÅp¡©p¸ g¢ ¬¡£gr¥££¯£gg·£«|¥
ไทยชิม
TASTE OF THAI
DECODING
4HIS GALLERY FEATURES MANY DISHES FOR YOU TO EXPLORE AND DECODE
4HERE ARE EVERYDAY DISHES THAT YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH AND THERE ARE
SPECIALCODESWAITINGTOBEUNENCRYPTED7ANTTOKNOWTHESTORYBEHIND
THEDISH*USTDECODEITANDYOUWILLLEARNSOMEDELICIOUSFACTS ว่ากันว่า ถ้าจะถอดรหัสชนชาติไหน ให้บุกไปถึงก้นครัว
ไปฟังเสียงตําน้ําพริกที่ดังไปแปดบ้านสิบบ้าน ไปดูสีสันจัดจ้านของเครื่องปรุงนานาชนิด
ไปดมกลิ่นหอมเย้ายวนของ ต้ม ผัด แกง ทอด ปิ้ง ย่าง
รสชาติตํารับก้นครัว แบบต่างคนต่างคิด ยากที่จะก๊อปปี้กันได้
อาหารจากครัวไทย อาจมีที่มาหลายหลาย ทั้ง มอญ จีน ฝรั่ง แขก ลาว ฯลฯ
แต่เมื่อเดินทางมาถึงก้นครัวไทย ก็ถูกปรับเปลี่ยนให้เป็น “รสไทย”
และกลายเป็นชื่อ “อาหารไทย” ที่ดังไกลไปทั่วโลก
4HEYSAYTOGETTOKNOWACULTUREGOTOTHEKITCHEN
LISTENTOTHEBEATOFTHEPESTLEANDMORTARKNOCKINGLOOKATTHEVIVIDCOLORSOFTHEINGREDIENTS
ANDINHALETHEDELECTABLESCENTOFVARIOUSKINDSOFFOOD
%ACHHOMEHASITSOWNSECRETRECIPEWHICHISHARDTOCOPY

&OODINTHE4HAIKITCHENHASVARIOUSORIGINSñ-ON#HINESE7ESTERN)NDIAN,AOANDMORE
"UTONCETHEFOREIGNDISHESHAVEMADETHEIRWAYTOA4HAIKITCHEN
THEŵAVORSARELOCALIZEDANDBECOMEKNOWNAS_4HAIFOODÀSTHEWORLDKNOWSIT
3UCHINNOVATIONSWILLKEEPEMERGINGINTHEFUTURELIKETHEYHAVEALWAYSDONEINTHEPAST
118 119
๑๐
121
ไทยชิม
TASTE OF THAI
120
๑๐
|£h»|¬¥«lr¢Æh!URASMAoh£»h§¬Å«Å}
TASTE OF THAI
ไทยชิม
¬¸·o¯iÆ£££¬}·¡p£h
l¥¬h¥«r¢Æhh·£¢g±®¸l¨{«¥|«¥h©·
*USTDOWNLOADTHEFREEAPPLICATION!URASMAONYOURSMARTPHONEORTABLET
ANDSCANTHEFOODONEACHPLATE
&UNANIMATIONAWAITSYOUTOENJOYþ
ต้มข่า กับ ต้มยํา ต่างกันอย่างไร? นํ้าพริกลงเรือ กินในเรือจริงหรือ? ผัดพริกขิง ขิงหายไปไหน?
นี่ไม่ใช่ ปาท่องโก๋ ?!? แมลงทอด ก็เป็นอาหารชาววังจริงหรือ? ทําไมเรียก กิน ว่า “ทาน”
ขนมเบื้อง ทําไมมะพร้าวต้องสีแดง ปลากริม กับ ไข่เต่า ของจริงเป็นอย่างไร? ลูกชุบ?

122 123
๑๐
TASTE OF THAI
ไทยชิม
|£h»|¬¥«lr¢Æh!URASMAoh£»h§¬Å«Å}
¬¸·o¯iÆ£££¬}·¡p£h
l¥¬h¥«r¢Æhh·£¢g±®¸l¨{«¥|«¥h©·
*USTDOWNLOADTHEFREEAPPLICATION!URASMAONYOURSMARTPHONEORTABLET
ANDSCANTHEFOODONEACHPLATE
&UNANIMATIONAWAITSYOUTOENJOYþ
124 125
๑๑ ๑๑
THAINESS, BORROWED
ไทยดีโคตร
¸ohi«Ç £p¡¯|¸«Åh _jo¯` iÆ i z ¢ h£g£h£h¸£o ¢hÇ ¸£o ®h©¬jo£

«l§Æ h¯}·«h§Æ o}¢oÇ ¬}·}h¸ £oilÆ · ±¢¬}·oö«iÆ hg·hp¡£«½h_jo
¯ì«Æ £l¨h¸ }£g¢h©· o«b|·o«Åo|© ~|¢¬¸p¡©¸ £· g·hp¡£«½h
¯¨g¢hhiÇ «£«¥Æ }¸h£·£o¯
THAINESS, BORROWED
DECODING
)NTHISGALLERYYOUWILLSEE_4HAIITEMS`BOTHOLDANDNEWANDYOUCAN

TRACETHEIRTRANSFORMATIONSINŵIPBOOKS&ROMTHEIRORIGINTHEYCHANGED
ANDDEVELOPEDINTOSOMETHING4HAIASWEKNOWTHEMTODAY4AKEAGOOD
ต้นทางความเป็นไทย อาจมาจากแดนไกล จากวัฒนธรรมอื่น
LOOKANDTRYTODECODETHEMANDYOUWILLSEETHEORIGINOFTHETHINGS แต่เมื่อมาถึงที่นี่ เราเลือก เรารับ เราปรับ เราสร้างสรรค์
WEBELIEVETOBE4HAI
จนได้ ความเป็นไทย ในแบบที่เหมาะกับเรา ดีในแบบของเรา
และงามในสายตาของเรา
4HEORIGINOF4HAINESSCOULDACTUALLYBEFOUNDINOTHERCULTURES
/NCETHOSECULTURESARRIVEDIN4HAILANDTHEYWEREADAPTEDANDTWEAKED
TOGIVETHEMA4HAITWISTANDMAKETHEMSUITOURSTYLEANDŴTOURDEŴNITIONOFWHATŋSGOOD
126 127
๑๑
129
THAINESS, BORROWED
128
เส้นทางพระปรางค์อย่างไทย
THE ROUTE OF THE THAI-STYLE PRANG ๑๑
THAINESS, BORROWED
i£h¢££
}¨j«¡¥
Mahabalipuram. .elpmeT ierS yaetnaB
3OUTH)NDIAN!RTTHETH#ENTU HT
# EHTTR!REMH+
มหาพลีปุรัม ปราสาทบันทายศรี ปราสาทหินพิมาย พระปรางค์วัดมหาธาตุลพบุรี พระปรางค์วัดราชบูรณะ พระปรางค์วัดมหาธาตุเชลียง พระปรางค์วัดไชยวัฒนาราม พระปรางค์วัดสระบัว พระปรางค์อัษฎามหาเจดีย์ พระปรางค์วัดอรุณ
¥¡¥h«|i®}¸ ¥¡«j ¥¡«j ¥¡«j ¥¡¨£}h}¸h ¥¡¨£}h}¸h ¥¡¨£}hg£o ¥¡¨£}h£ ¥¡¢}hg¥h» ¥¡¢}hg¥h»
¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆñ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ
Mahabalipuram Banteay Srei Temple Prasat Phimai The Prang of Wat Mahathat The Prang of Wat Ratchaburana The Prang of Wat Mahathat in The Prang of The Prang of Wat Sabua in The Prang of Wat Phra Kaeo The Prang of Wat Arun
3OUTH)NDIAN!RT +HMER!RT in Nakhon Ratchasima Province in Lopburi Province in Ayutthaya Province Sukhothai Province Wat Chaiwatthanaram Phetchaburi Province 2ATTHANAKOSIN!RT 2ATTHANAKOSIN!RT
7THCENTURY 10THCENTURY +HMER!RT +HMER!RT %ARLY!YUTTHAYA!RT %ARLY!YUTTHAYA!RT in Ayutthaya Province ,ATE!YUTTHAYA!RT 19THCENTURY 19THCENTURY
11THñTHCENTURY 12TH-13THCENTURY 15THCENTURY 16THCENTURY ,ATE!YUTTHAYA!RT 18THCENTURY
17THCENTURY
กว่าจะเป็นตัวอักษร ก.ไก่
THE HISTORY OF THE THAI ALPHABET [k]
อักษรพราหมี อินเดีย อักษรปัลลวะ อินเดีย อักษรหลังปัลลวะ อินเดีย อักษรเขมรโบราณ อักษรมอญโบราณ อักษรสุโขทัย อักษรอยุธยาตอนต้น อักษรอยุธยาตอนปลาย อักษรรัตนโกสินทร์ตอนต้น อักษรไทยปัจจุบัน
¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ ¨}iÆ The Thai alphabet today.
Brahmi Script The Pallava alphabet The Post-Pallava alphabet The Old Khmer alphabet The Old Mon alphabet The Sukhothai alphabet Early Ayutthaya Era Late Ayutthaya Era Early Rattanakosin Era
6THñTHCENTURY 7THCENTURY 8THCENTURY 9THCENTURY 12THCENTURY 13THCENTURY 14THCENTURY 16THCENTURY 19THCENTURY
ประดิษฐกรรม มะพร้าวพร้อมดื่ม เสื้อลายดอก

COCONUT INNOVATION FLORAL SHIRT
มะพร้าวแบบไม่ปอก มะพร้าวปอกด้วยมือ มะพร้าวปอกด้วยเครื่อง มะพร้าวปอกทั้งลูก มะพร้าวเปิดฝาพร้อมดื่ม ชุด ยูกาตะ ญี่ปุ่น เสื้อฮาวายคอแบะ สหรัฐอเมริกา เสื้อลายดอกคอกลม เจนภพ เสื้อลายดอก สงกรานต์ เสื้อลายดอก อบต.
7HOLECOCONUTWITHSHELL #OCONUTDESHELLEDMANUALLY #OCONUTDESHELLEDMECHANICALLY #OCONUTWITHCOMPLETELY #OCONUTWITHAPULLTAB *APANESEYUKATA #OLLARED(AWAIIANSHIRT53 ,UKTHUNGMUSICCOUNTRYMUSIC 3ONGKRANŵORALSHIRT ,OCALGOVERNMENTOŹCERŋS
REMOVEDSHELL ICONŋSROUND NECKŵORALSHIRT ŵORALSHIRT
130 131
¸ohiÇ¯|¸¢}~¨£ol£«r§Æ·hh¦Æojo«§o¯ pË£hh ¥Æo

ll¨¢Çol£«r§Æ«§Æoi¨£h££{»¬¡l£«r§Æ¬¯±iÆ
££~«Åh¯|¸¢Æ¯ £®h¸ohiÇ¢o«b|g£®¸©¸r¯|¸|ol£«r§Æ©
¬}·£o±¯|¸}£¢£¢
๑๒ไทยเชื ่อ
THAI BELIEFS
DECODING
4HISGALLERYCOLLECTSITEMSRELEVANTTO4HAIBELIEFSRANGINGFROMANI-
MISM"UDDHISM"RAHMINISMANDOTHERTRADITIONAL4HAIBELIEFS9OUCAN ความเชื่อของไทย บางทีก็ดูซับซ้อน บางทีก็ดูง่ายตรงไปตรงมา
ALSOPUTSOMEBELIEFSTOATESTIFYOUWISH
เป็นเพราะเรามี “ผี” เป็นรากฐานความเชื่อดั้งเดิม
ที่หลอมรวมกับ พุทธ และพราหมณ์ อย่างแนบสนิท
จนเกิดความเชื่อหลากหลายแบบไทยๆ
ทุกวันนี้เรายังสร้างสรรค์ความเชื่อใหม่ๆ จากรากฐานเดิมอยู่เสมอ
จนถึงขั้นปลุกเสกตัวการ์ตูนญี่ปุ่น ตุ๊กตาสมัยใหม่ ให้เป็นสิ่งศักดิ์สิทธิ์ได้
นี่แหละความเชื่อแบบไทยๆ
ไม่เชื่ออย่าลบหลู่
4HAIBELIEFSCANBEEITHERCOMPLICATEDORREALLYSIMPLE
/URCULTUREISBASEDONABELIEFINANIMISMORBELIEFINTHESPIRITWORLD
4HATBELIEFISFUSEDSEAMLESSLYWITH"UDDHISMAND"RAHMINISM
4HAIBELIEFSAREARESULTOFTHISCOMBINATION
4ODAYWESTILLINVENTNEWBELIEFSBASEDONOLDONES
%VEN*APANESEANIMECHARACTERSANDEVENSOMEDOLLSCANBECOMESACREDITEMS
4HATŋSWHAT4HAIBELIEFSAREALLABOUT
3EEITTOBELIEVEIT
๑๒
135
ไทยเชื่อ
THAI BELIEFS
134
¡«gp¥£p£»
«½h¡©¸w¥¢}¥|iw¥¢}¥r ¡¬g¸g}

i¥r£l£~££l ¡¨©¢g|¥Ê¥¥Êl©·¸£hl©·«§o
THAI BELIEFS
¯«r§Æ
¨g«gjo¢g|¥Ê¥¥Ê¯|¸ i¨l¨{®h£og³o¸£h«§o
Revered Senior Monk
-ONKSWHOFOLLOWTHERIGHTBEHAVIOROF «¥£i¨ll
THE"UDDHIST/RDER Phra Kaeo (Emerald Buddha)
3UPERNATURALPOWERS!BLETOMAKEHOLYITEMS Thailand’s holy protector.
0ROTECTSTHECOUNTRYANDBRINGS
GOODFORTUNETOPEOPLE
¡¨l¨}
¨|£¯}©¥ ¡¢h}»©¸i¥Ê£g
h¢o§¥£«§Æohgl» i¨l¨{®h£og£«o¥hl¸£j£
Upagupta Monk
Ë£|ij¦Çhl»Ë£r¢Æ}ghg !VERYPOWERFUL"UDDHISTSAINT
Pictorial Book of Trailokya (Three Worlds) 'OODFORŴNANCEANDBUSINESS
!BOOKILLUSTRATINGHEAVENANDHELL
'OODPEOPLEGOTOHEAVEN"ADPEOPLEGOTOHELL
¡£}¨
g¡|©g¡¨«p¸£§¡¥on»
¢on£h r·«¥£i
Buddha Relics
jo®¸£h¬g·¡on» 2ELICSOFTHE"UDDHAORREVEREDMONKS
~£¡on»«§Æ¨¥·hg¨®¸¬g·©¸·o¢ "RINGSGOODFORTUNE
§¡«|£¡«l£¡»
ű Dana
Sangha ¯
Offering items to monks.
¡¯}bwg
To make merit on behalf of the deceased. To ward off bad luck. l¢i»£o¨£h£
l¢|¡h¦Æo}¢¢g«·£g¢¸£o¡h¦Æool»
¡«l§Æo Tripitaka
. (Three Baskets)
¢}~öliÆ·£hg£¨g«g 4HE"UDDHISTSCRIPTURES
7RITINGDOWNONELETTEROFTHETEACHINGSISEQUALTOCONSTRUCTING
|i¨g£o¬¸¬}·¡«jo¢}~öl ONE"UDDHASTATUE
Amulets
Items on which holy rituals have been performed.
¨
5NIVERSALBENEŴTSDEPENDINGONTHETYPE
hËÇ£h}»
hËÇ£iÆ·£h¥ig|¡¥}
r·¡«|£¡«l£¡»«¥¥¥ol
Holy Water
Water on which holy rituals have been performed.
7ARDSOŸBADLUCK"RINGSGOODFORTUNE
Buddhism
136 137

THAI BELIEFS
¯«r§Æ
¢oj»
iÆp¨¡«hËÇ£iÆ¯·£h¢oj»p¦o¢g|¥Ê¥¥Ê
¢{«y£¡» £¨jo¡¥{¨
«l§Æo|h}i«§Æ¡g¥i®h£h££{» ®r¸«¥l£«½h¥¥ol
«½h«io¢g¥¥Ê Sangha (Conch)
Damaru (Two-headed Drum) #ONTAINEROFTHE6EDASSACRED"RAHMINTEXTS SOTHEWATERTHATFLOWS
!"RAHMINMUSICALINSTRUMENT THROUGHITISCONSIDEREDHOLYWATER6ISHNUŋSWEAPON
Holy sound. "RINGSGOODLUCK
¡
««p¸£®h£h££{»«¬·og£¸£o
·o«¥®h|¸£hg£o£hg£«ihl¸£j£
Brahma at the Erawan Shrine
4HEGOD"RAHMA4HEGODOFCREATION ¡£©
'OODFORTUNEINWORKSTUDYANDBUSINESS «|£h«l£¡»
r·¡«|£¡«l£¡»rl£g£«o¥h
£{»
Rahu (Neptune)
'ODOF.AVAGRAHATHENINEPLANETS
¡¥n«h 7ARDSOŸBADLUCK'ODOFGOODFORTUNEANDWEALTH
jo¡¥¡
«½h««p¸£¬·ol£Ë£«Åpo£h¥¡
Ganesh
Son of Siva.
4HEGODOFSUCCESSCULTUREANDTHEARTS
Brahminism
«£r¥or¸£
~£hiÆ¡g¥i®h£h££{»
r·®¸¸£h«§o©·«Åh«½h¨j ¥¦ol»
The Giant Swing
!SACREDVENUEFOR"RAHMINRITUALS
««p¸£©o¨|jo¢¥¯h¥g£«¬·og£Ë££
Peace and harmony in the country. r·Ë££¨l®hri¥}
Siva Linga
4HEHIGHESTGODOF3HAIVISM4HEGODOFDESTRUCTION
$ESTROYINGOBSTACLESINYOURLIFE
138 139
¡¬·{i
g¡§
««p¸£¬·o§h|¥h
i©¸u¥oi¬}·¢g¢¯¸«§o¬og£g¥h}hg£ol§h
r£g¥h¥Æogg}£¸£h«§h
«§Æl£¨|©{»jo¬·h|¥h
Goddess Dharani (Phra Mae Thorani)

Krasue Earth Goddess.
!FEMALEGHOSTWITHONLYAHEADANDGLOWINGINTESTINES
THAI BELIEFS
¯«r§Æ
"RINGSFERTILITYTOTHESOIL
WHOHUNTSFORFOODATNIGHT
!+RASUEEATSŴLTHYTHINGSATPEOPLEŋSHOMES
i¨¨
l§irh©¸·o¢¯¬¸
r·l¨¸lo®¸rl®¸£¬g·©g£h
Ancestor Spirits «|Åp·
Spirits of deceased ancestors.
0ROTECTANDBRINGGOODFORTUNETOTHECURRENTGENERATION
o«½h¡£g¢}¥»
i
iÆ¸£ol£«p¥u
©r£|¸joo|
«§Æl£«p¥u¨·o«§o
King Rama V
4HE+INGWHOBROUGHTMODERN
civilization to the country.
&ORSUCCESSOŸERITEMSOF
Animism
THE+INGŋSPREFERENCETOTHE
statue.
¢}i
g¡o££l££h
¡©¥ £o¯¸}o£o¬g
«|££¢g»~¥}®h~£hiÆh¢Çh «½hg£®¸£hi£o
Ë££®¸©·p¡r·l¨¸¢®¸¬g·¸£h «|£¢«i
Offerings
¬¡lh®h¸£h ¡£«£¥£r &OODOFFERINGSPLACEDAT
House Guardian Spirit ««p¸£©¸l¨¸lo¡«¯ intersections or corners.
4HEGUARDIANSPIRITOFEACHPLACE r·g³o¸£h«§o®¸¸hp£g¢¸£ &OODFORDIVINESPIRITSGHOSTS
"UILDINGASPIRITHOUSEFORTHEGUARDIANSPIRIT Phra Siam Thewathirat ANDHUNGRYGHOSTS
will ensure the safety of the residents. The deity who protects Siam.
Protects the country from harm. i
i§Çh¸£hjolhi£hr«j¸£¯¥olh«½h±
irg¥hjo|¥±|±
Phi Pob
!LOCAL)SAN.ORTH EASTERNPARTOF4HAILAND GHOSTWHO
LIKESTOINHABITALIVINGPERSON
Phi Pob eats raw food.
·¬g·
¡h££il©¬·o¥¡¬jho}·£o± p}¨l££«
©r£«§Æl£«½h¥¥ol®¸g¥pg£o£h¥¡£§Æh ¡¥¢}»¬·o|¥h¬|h¡«®}¸
Pho Kae (Hermit) |i®h£og£o£hrl£
.ARADARISHIA6EDICSAGEANDMASTEROFVARIOUSARTS Chatukham Rammathep
"RINGSGOODFORTUNEANDGOODLUCKINARTS RELATEDWORK !"ODHISATTVAACOMPASSIONATEDIVINEBEING
of the Southern Sea.
'OODFORWORKANDBRINGSGOODFORTUNE
140 141

THAI BELIEFS
¯«r§Æ
l| p¥Çopgo£o g¡£}£«|i
·hjo§r§¢}»iÆ¢g{¡«§h¥h p¥Çopgi£o«½h¬qg l£¥««h§r£}¥
¬l¸l£|log¡¢h«}}££h¥ |i®h£orl£«}}££h¥ g¡£¡¸£¬g¡¢g«½h
Fossilized Plants or Animal Parts Two-tailed House Lizard ©£©
Preserved remains of plants and animals from the distant past. A lizard with a split tail.
0ROTECTAGAINSTDANGERBRINGINVULNERABILITYANDPOPULARITY "RINGSGOODFORTUNEANDPOPULARITY £¨}»
One-eyed Coconut
Coconut shell carved into the
SHAPEOF2AHUONEOFTHEGODSOF
¢|j¥g THENINEPLANETS
Invincibility.
¢u¢g{»¬·ol£¨|©{»
«}}££h¥l¸£j£³og¢h«jiÇo£
Palat Khik (Wooden Penis)
Symbol of fertility.
"RINGSPOPULARITYANDGOODBUSINESS0ROTECTSAGAINSTHARM
«jÅg¢||«h
}¢g£»}©h¨·hh}»¬i³£iÆijo¥«£g£
«}}££h¥
Doraemon Button
!ROBOTCATWITHMANYMAGICALTOOLS
"RINGSPOPULARITY
«iÇ¬g¸
«§g«iÇp¨¢}~¨£~»¯¸j¸£o®h
©g« g¢h¬¡¬g¸¥Æor¢Æ¸£«hi|p¢u¯l¨{¯
}¨¹g}£¢®·iÆ·£hg£¨g«g
«l§Æo
£«§Æ£«£
l¸£j£rl£g£o£h Shell with reverse effects
Luk Thep (Spirit Child) #OWRIESHELLCONTAININGBLACKMAGICITEMS
A contemporary doll on which a supernatural 5SEDASPROTECTIONANDTOUNDOBADLUCKANDBLACKMAGIC
ceremony is performed.
'OODFORBUSINESSWEALTHANDWORK
£o
Talismans
l£h© g¨£o ¥h¥«}
l£|¥h«£}¢«Åg¨g«g|¸£l ¥uu£{«|Åg©¸r£}£®h¸o¬·«§Æ·£h¥i ¥h©«j£¯i|£o£
®r¸³og¢h¢h}£¬¡Ë£¸£¢}© ¨g«gp¡i¥¥¥Ê®¸l¨{g¢«p¸£jo |£i¥Ê}·£og¢hr·«¥|or¡}£ ©ggg
Buffalo Figurine l¨¸lo³og¢hl¸£j£rl£ ¡l£Ë£«Åp ¥uu£{«|ÅgiÆl|g·hgË£h|
!SMALLEARTHENBUFFALOSTATUEWITHBLACKMAGIC Kuman Thong Dzi Beads
performed on it. ¬}·¬·¯·}£ig£¥¥Ê®¸l¨{g¢«p¸£jo
3OULOFASTILLBORNBOYWHOHASUNDERGONE 6OLCANICROCKSWITHBEAUTIFULPATTERNS
0ROTECTIONAGAINSTDANGERANDTOATTACKENEMIES a supernatural ceremony. He protects his owner. $IŸERENTPATTERNSCOMEWITHDIŸERENTPOWERS ³og¢h¢
0ROTECTIONGOODFORTUNEANDWEALTH 'ENERALLYTHEYBRINGGOODLUCKANDSUCCESS Luk Krok (fetus)
Soul of a stillborn fetus whose mother did not die.
He protects his owner.
0ROTECTIONAGAINSTHARM
142 143
144 145
h¸£«b|iÆ
146
๑๓ ๑๓
THAI TRADITIONS
¸ohiÇ «i §Æ o¡«{i«g£¬¡££jo¯®·¯¸®hg·ojh£|£®h

i«g£¥£iÆ £i¯Æ jo«§Æ o}·£o± i£¡gjop¥oipÆ ¢ }¸o¯|¸ «·h¯|¸
¬¡i«gipÆ ¡Ë£®¸«j¸£®p«§Æ o£¯|¸h¨g¥oÆ j¦hÇ
THAI TRADITIONS
DECODING
4HISGALLERYFEATURES4HAITRADITIONSCEREMONIESANDMANNERSINTHREE

DIŸERENTBOXES%ACHBOXCONTAINSADOCUMENTEXPLAININGMANYASPECTS
OFTHESETOPICSWITHILLUSTRATIONSPROPSASWELLASFUNGAMESTOHELP ประเพณี เทศกาล และมารยาทไทย
YOUBETTERUNDERSTANDTHEM
ไม่ว่าจะเป็นของเก่าแก่โบร่ําโบราณ หรือของเพิ่งเกิดเมื่อวานซืน
ล้วนเป็นภาพสะท้อนชีวิตไทยที่ผกผันตามภูมิประเทศ ภูมิอากาศ ความเชื่อ กาลเวลา
และแน่นอนว่าเป็นสิ่งสะท้อนดีเอ็นเอความเป็นไทยได้เป็นอย่างดี
4HAITRADITIONSCEREMONIESANDMANNERS
WHETHEROLDORRECENT
AREAREŵECTIONOF4HAIWAYSOFLIFEWHICHDIŸERFROMREGIONTOREGIONCULTURETOCULTUREANDERATOERA
4HEYAREATRUETESTAMENTOF4HAINESS
146 147
๑๓
149
THAI TRADITIONS
148
o§«§ÆoLand of Sm
iles jo7!2
¯
· ¯· ¬ h· r |
¢ ¬}
· h¢ h¦ÆoiÆ«j¸£g«j¸£®p
lË£hiÇ«g¥|j¦Çh«§Æ o¬}·gÅ«½hh¢o§«·
OD ¬ p
¸ ¡¯ ¯
· |¸ |
© ~¦ o«§Æo¥Ç£|} ๑๓
7O
r££«½h·£o|i
l£¢s¢s¸hjo HEBOOK,ANDOF3M
ILESWAS
THAI TRADITIONS
MILESBUTT SBUTITDIDADDRESS

NAMETHE,ANDOF3
4HAILANDEARNEDTHE ABOUT3IAMESESMILE
)TISNOTKNOWNWHEN 7OOD4HEBOOKDIDNOTDIRECTLYTALK DACTUALLYMEAN
!2 OUL
WRITTENINBY7 NOFWHATA3IAMESEPERSONŋSSMILEC
STIO
THECOMPLICATEDQUE
ณีของใคร?
ลอยกระทง ประเพ
£|¸«iio
{»p¡p¨|«ih
¬}·«|¥«½h¥i£ « i hj h
Ç ¦ « £
¸g l
hËÇ£¢h¯jj¸¢ ¬ ¡h££{»
¥ ¡
«§Æ©r£¡ ¢Çh¯hËÇ£
Å|lohË£lh
·£h¯¢hh¦Æog h ¥
i · £ o ¨Ë£
Å¢®¸«½
¬}·¯¢£g h
¢ ¬}·«§Æ
l«§hg
¥igl|l ¡«p |i p
»
¨ £ {i
¥g£}¨
}Å|oo ©r£¡£i ¡ ¨ «p¸£®h
{i®i h¢h¡p¢h»«
¡«{ «p|i»p¨«¸h
¡«g £ j o
¨£
Ë£¥£
น ๑๒ l
i ¬¡©r£¡
ขึ้น ๑๕ คํ่า เดือ l§Æh£¸£ogÅ·£ l»r¢Çh|£|¦o»
h¯«
£g£«l§Æ ¡¬·lol£
·£gÅ·£jj£ thong come from?
Where did Loy Kra TICEDBYTHE"RAHMINSWHICH
©r£¡¨«p¸£} ol £ g
¢ § RAC
4HEREWASRITUALP ILWERELITATTHETOPOFAPOLE
TO
TO
Æol©·l
}·£®r¸¥x£h«§ « iÆh¯
HO
CANDLESCOATEDWIT "RAHMAAND6ISHNUBEFOREBEING
NG
hËÇ£l££ A
PAYTRIBUTETO3IV ŵOATEDINTHERIVERTHENEXTDAY

l£¨gj»¯g¢£
r¸o£h BROUGHTDOWNAND WASADOPTEDBY4HAISITWAS
}£¨l¢¬¡©¸® 7HENTHECE REM ONY 4HEAPP ROA CH WAS
MOONNIGHTOF E"UDDHISTCULTURE
PLACEONTHEFULL ADJUSTEDTOSUITTH PURPOSEWASTOPAYTRIBUTETO
4HISFESTIVALTAKES ELUNARCALENDAR.OVEMBER THE
QUITESIMILARBUT HULAMANEE#HEDIINHEAVENAND
ND
TH ONTHOFTH E#
THE M ECLAIMITIS "UDDHISTRELICSTH HA
LDEBATABLEñSOM DDHAWHILEOTHERS
4HEORIGINISSTIL MA GE TO THE "U FOOTPRINTSOF TH E" UDD
ของขวัญยอดฮิต
HO
ACEREMONYTOPAY VENESSFROMTHE2IVER'ODDESS R โปรโมชั่นวันวาเลนไทย
RGI
SAYITISTOSEEKFO OATINGTH NGSST OWISHFO
THOONG
KRAATH ¥ÆoiÆl©·¢g¢¨·h®¸g¢h®h
P
OPL EB EGA Nŵ THEEIRIRKR
AT AW AY «j}£o¢g¬pg¡«ih ¢h_£«h¯`
PEO
RPE
ATEER LESŵO £giÆ¨|l§|gg¨£
,AT MAKETHEIRTROUB RT
ORRTTOOM ุโขทัย olË£ i¬|o
LIFEEO
OVEELIF ED OVER IME
AHHAP YLLOV
APPPY
THEE
EOOFFTH
POSSE FEFES TIVA
STIV L
AL HAS CH ANGED ตํานานนางนพมาศส iÇ·£
«rio£¢p|¡«ih
g£o¬·hËÇ£jo oo£l§rÅlg¬Å}
oi¡¥h¥pq¢«§Æoh
PURRPO
HEPU
4HE }¢o¥£»®}¸¨
«|p
Å g ¡ £ |Ë£o£r£h¨£ · £ |
¥ p
Æ i
¢ ¯| ¸|¬p·¬p¸o·£
·¬¡¢osËÇ£il£g ¨¥h»p|¡«ihh¢ Popular Gifts
¬} o
· ® · « ½ h ¬h or¸£o 4HEMOSTPOPULARGIFTS
_«½hh¢o§ THA
ON_6ALEN4HAI`$AYARER T4HAITEENAGERSEXCHANGE
·o`
«½hjo®·£¬
“ValenThai” Promotion EDROSESANDCHOCOLATES
"ANG2AKDISTRICT_RAK
3UKHOTHAINAMED `M
HANDSOUTGOLDENMARRI EANSLOVEIN4HAI
ng Noppamas AM+HAMHAENGOF
The legend of Na NDTHATAROYALCONSORTOF+ING2 NCE$AMRONGONEOFTHEEARLIEST AGE
)N#HIANG2AIREGISTRATI CERTIŴCATES
EGE 0RI
4HEREISA4HAIL STHEŴRSTTOŵOATAKRATHONG PPAMASMUSTBENEWLYINVENTED INTHEMIDDLEOFTHE+HO
ONOFMARRIAGEISDONE
WA .O
.ANG.OPPAMAS DSAIDOFTHELEGENDTHAT.ANG .ANG.OPPAMASISRECENT NG2
)N4RANGYOUCANWEDU IVER
HAI LAN )TISEVIDENTTH AT
HISTORIANSOF4 NDE
)N3URINYOUCANTIETHE RTHESEA
ITATIONSAREWRONG
ANDSOMEOFTHEC KNOTWHILERIDINGANELEP
HANT
150 151
¸ohiÇ©¸r££~«§gr¨| «l§Æo¡|¢ q£g ¬¡«l§Æo¡gq£g Ë£¢

~·££¢h¦gl£opË£¯¸¯|¸}£¢£¢«£i£}¢·£op£g|i}iÆ ££~
«ih¬¯|¸§p¡l¥|«o}£®prgÅ¯·¥|g}¥g£®|±
๑๔
ไทยแชะ
THAI STUDIO
DECODING
)NTHISGALLERYVISITORSCANCHOOSEOUTŴTSACCESSORIESBACKDROPSAND

PROPSTOTAKEPICTURESFORAKEEPSAKE7EHAVESOMEOLDPHOTOGRAPHS
FORINSPIRATIONBUTYOUAREWELCOMETOCOMEUPWITHYOUROWNCOMBINATIONS
ภาพถ่ายเป็นหลักฐานบอกความเป็นไทยได้ดีที่สุดอย่างหนึ่ง
เสื้อผ้าหน้าผม สถานที่ อุปกรณ์ประกอบ สีหน้าท่าทาง
คือรหัสไทยที่ทําให้เรารู้จักผู้คนและบ้านเมืองในยุคสมัยต่างๆ ได้ดียิ่งขึ้น
ภาพถ่ายที่นี่ วันนี้ ก็เหมือนกัน
วันข้างหน้าจะกลายเป็น “จดหมายภาพ” ให้คนรุ่นต่อๆ ไป
ได้รู้จักความเป็นไทยในวันนี้ดียิ่งขึ้น
0HOTOGRAPHSOŸERSOMEOFTHEBESTEVIDENCEOF4HAINESS
#OSTUMESBACKGROUNDSPROPSANDEMOTIONS
THESEAREELEMENTSOF4HAINESSTHATHELPUSUNDERSTAND4HAIPEOPLEAND4HAILIVESINPREVIOUSERAS
4HEPICTURESYOUARETAKINGHERETODAYTOO
WILLBECOME_PHOTOGRAPHICCHRONICLES`FORTHENEXTGENERATION
TOUNDERSTAND4HAINESSASITISTODAY
๑๔
155
ไทยแชะ
THAI STUDIO
154
วัตถุจัดแสดงชิ้นสําคัญในนิทรรศการ “ถอดรหัสไทย” ลุ้งประดับมุก
-USEUM3IAMŋS-ASTERPIECESINTHE_$ECODING4HAINESS`%XHIBITION o£hjo «h·»¬p·p¥£¢g»
l©¥¶jo¬·h|¥h
¡«o£h«l§Æo¨g
©h»·o«¥¥£ri¡·£o¡«
¢}¥jo ~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥
Mother-of-Pearl Inlaid Box

4HEWORKOF 3ANE*AMJIRARAK
4HE-ASTER!RTISANOF4HAILAND
3!#)#4
ผ้านุ่งสมปักปูมลายนาคเกี้ยว
โถกระเบื้องเคลือบ พร้อมฝาทรงมัณฑ์ ¬¡ o£hjo ¨r}¥}£«p¥u
l©¥¶jo¬·h|¥h
ชามบายศรีเคลือบเขียว ลายเทพนม-นรสิงห์ ©h»·o«¥¥£ri¡·£o¡«
เรือพระที่นั่งสุพรรณหงส์จําลอง คนโท pË£o¬£p£g«l§Æo«l§«upol»¢¨£}h£
¢}¥jo ~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥
pË£o¬£p£g¡«}¸£olË£¢g£ o£hjo ¥¢}h»b¾h¨{
¬¡ เรือหางยาวจําลอง b¾h¨{«upol»
o£hjo ghgj£££ ¢¡£«|Åp¡¨|³£p¨£g Ikat Silk
Ë£p£g¡«o¥hrölË£ l©¥¶jo¬·h|¥h
¥¥¢{y»«§¯ 4HEWORKOF 3URACHOT4HAMJAROEN
o£hjo o¨«g¸£s¸h ¡«o£h«l§Æo«upol»
¢}¥jo ~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥ 4HE-ASTER!RTISANOF4HAILAND
¢}¥jo ~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥ l©r·£o¢}~¥¶¡pË£c
3!#)#4
©h»·o«¥¥£ri¡·£o¡«
Model of the Suphannahong Royal Barge and #OLLECTIONOF .ATIONAL$ISCOVERY-USEUM)NSTITUTE
Gold Plated Silver Ewer ¢}¥jo ~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥
Model of a Long-tail Boat
4HEWORKSOF +ANOK+HAOMALA 2EPRODUCTIONOFTHETHCENTURYGOLDEWER
4HAI"OAT-USEUM 4HEWORKOF 9ONGYUT+AOWSUN Bencharong Porcelain, Bowl and Covered Jar
#OLLECTIONOF .ATIONAL$ISCOVERY-USEUM)NSTITUTE 4HEWORKSOF 7IRAT0INSUWAN
0INSUWAN"ENJARONG
4HE-ASTER!RTISANOF4HAILAND
เครื่องทอง
4HE-ASTER#RAFTSMAN นกสดายุประดับไหล่ ¬¡
3!#)#4 กําไลทองประดับอัญมณี
#OLLECTIONOF .ATIONAL$ISCOVERY-USEUM)NSTITUTE «§Ç«e¿¢}~¨p¢|¬|o|
h¥h»|lË£¼h
รัดเกล้าเปลว l©r·£o¢}~¥¶¡pË£c
o£hjo ¨g{»«g¥|¼uu£
©h»·o«¥¥£ri¡·£o¡«
¢}¥jo ~£¢h¥¥¢{y»g£«ih©¸¬·or£}¥
Gold Ornaments
“Rad Klao,” Flame-topped Headdress for Classical Thai
Mythical Bird for Decorating Shoulder Sash and
Dance
Gold Bracelet Decorated with Multi-color Gemstones
4HEWORKOF 3UPAKORN+OEDPANYA
#OLLECTIONOF .IPHON9ODKHAMPUN
4HE-ASTER#RAFTSMAN
3!#)#4
156 155577
1157
คณะทํางาน
ที่ปรึกษา ออกแบบนิทรรศการ เอื้อเฟื้อวัตถุจัดแสดง เอื้อเฟื้อภาพประกอบ ขอขอบคุณ
p¥¡h¢h»¥}ir£ ¥¢h¨£h¯ «Åhs¢£ pË£g¢| ¡££rl©¥ii¥¨¥l¨{ ¥¢g£¥h¯pË£g¢|£rh p|£«}¨¬·or£}¥g¥£g
|£h}¥¢g|ilË£ ir££rj¢h» £{»r¥h¢o¥£{g¨ gg£jh·o£«§ g¡o¢zh
|i|i¥©¥¥~i {ol»¥ÊË£o¢g{» Ë£h¢go£h¢»¥h·h¡£g¢}¥» ~£hi¥¨¢h»¯iiir·o ¨||Ë£o£r£h¨£
¥r¢h¨{» ¥¢g£¥h¯pË£g¢|£rh ¥¢¯»}£»|¢gr¢ÆhpË£g¢| Ë£h¢go£h¥¢£gp¨£og{»£¥£¢
{ol»¥Ê~£¥p¥} ¥¢|©«Åh«}»«h«¸h»pË£g¢| ©h»{£h«£og£¦g£
คิวเรเตอร์ ¢}h¡©h«g go¡g|¥¬gh|»¯¬h|» ¥¢si«h¥pË£g¢| l{¡l¨£}»p¨£og{»£¥£¢
£¥h»«l§o ¥¢«|¡¢h«Åh«}»¯»pË£g¢| ii|igö« ¡¢}¥p¨£og{»£¥£¢
go¡g|¥¬gh|»¯¬h|» ¨|i|ihol»£¥£¢£}»
ผลิตและติดตั้งนิทรรศการ ¥¢¬l¯pË£g¢| ¸o¨|££l®h¡£r©~¢»
คณะทํางานด้านเนื้อหา ¥¢si«ÅpË£g¢|£rh
£q¢}¥¢ or¢¥j¥}l» ¸o¨|Ë£h¢g¥r£g£¬¡£}x£hg£¦g£
|«¥l¨{l¨{£o»¡£h¥£¬¡
g£h}»o»¨{ £ogg|» ¡«¥x«p¥p¨}¥ Ë£h¢go£hl{¡gg£g£¦g£j¢Çh§Çhx£h
{£¥£og©{¨£
h¨rpi®p«g·o ¥¥¢{y»£h~hp¢o¢|«rï
gg£©¸p¢|g£²£¥¥¢{y»
g»g¨hi¡¯p¥} i¢wx»¢|¥Ê h¥}£¥¢zh
¸o«§Ç««i|¬gh|»h|» h¥¢h|»r¨{r£}¥ h¥}££l|i
g£h}»rh¥}¢hï
ออกแบบหนังสือประกอบนิทรรศการ ¨{¢g{»}·£g¨¥» p£¥}«|r¡l¨}»
¥¢£h£h·£}©|¥pË£g¢| ¥}£~¥¡r}¥ ¬·lË£h¡o
h¥h»|lË£¼h ¢}}¥£¯ro» ¥bh¬·or£}¥c
{¥g£»£h¥r g{|i£p£ £j£¢h¥¶ñ¸£
บรรณาธิการภาษาอังกฤษ n¥}r·r©¥Ê ¨r}¥}£«p¥u
h£h¨·o¥© jl»r¢p¢h» ¢i¥ l©¥¶jo¬·h|¥h
!LEXANDRA$ENES rhg£h}»r¢r££ ©h»·o«¥¥£ri¡·£o¡«
«pg¥}£h»«p¥u
เอื้อเฟื้อวีดิทัศน์ {¢xo»g¥p¨{ ö»i
¥¢ü|¥«iÆpË£g¢|
*AY0ATT4ANGSIRIMUNKONG ¥x»x¥g¥}}¥¢zh»¸o«§Ç«s»«
¥¢¯r©pË£g¢|
i{y»r¢r
¥¢¬o¯«|¥lpË£g¢|
i¡¢g»¥rug¨ h¢h}¢g|¥Êg¨|¥g
¥¢««si»pË£g¢|
g¥}}¥o»ü h¢x¨zg¨£
¥|£¨ ¨£¢lhghg
เอื้อเฟื้อเพลงประกอบ ¢l¢zh»g¢h££
l{¡¥g£}»p¨£og{»£¥£¢
¥£¢h£w¥¶ï {xp¢h»¥¥
p£¨¥h»¨¥g¡o»
158 159
พิมพ์ครั้งแรก พุทธศักราช ๒๕๖๐
จํานวนพิมพ์ ๑,๐๐๐ เล่ม
&IRST%DITION
#OPIES
)3".
สถาบันพิพิธภัณฑ์การเรียนรู้แห่งชาติ
«jiÆ~hhh£¯r¬jo¡££r¢o
«j}¡hlgö«
National Discovery Museum Institute
3ANAM#HAI2OAD0HRA.AKHON
"ANGKOK
4EL
&AX
WWWMUSEUMSIAMORG
FACEBOOKCOMMUSEUMSIAMFAN
160

Room 15

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Room 15

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1

002—009 010 018 018 070 076 084 090

4HISGALLERYBRINGSTOGETHERIDEASANDOPINIONSSURROUNDINGTHEIDEAOF What is “Thainess”?

¸ohi«Ç }Å¯|¸}©­¸ r»¬¡¥hÇ r¢gj¸©®hg£_~|¢¯`¢}~¨p|¢ ¬|o¢oÇ |

ดังนั้น การ “ถอดรหัสไทย” เพื่อค้นหาที่มาที่ไปของความเป็นไทย

g·hp¡«g¥|l£«½h¯ ­£{¢}~¨®h¨lg·h¡¢}¥£}»«§Æ   £¸£«½h¢zh·£o|¸£h££ ¡­ ¥¢}»­g¥«} ¥¡i¥r¢

p¥}g¯iiÆ££g£ «r·h pih ¥h«|i

)NTHES DURINGTHEREIGNOF+ING2AMA)6 THEIDEAOF_4HAINESS`

¬·£ojo«§Ç¨¨jo¯hiÇ ¡£«|Åp ¡p¨p«g¸£ «|¥i ¡ihÆ o¢Æ p¢gi£££p¡}¸o«½h£l£¬¢oÆ ¸h±}£ ¡£r¡ol»

Thai costume worn by grooms or those who wanted

~hh«p¥ug¨o }¢|j¦Çh}£lË£jjo¢Æo®h¢¢rg£iÆ  il££ «§Æl¢Ço ¡£«|Åp ¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢

lri»g£­ £ri»£|¯ }·£ ¡£«|Åp ¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢

|¢|¬op£g«§Ç }ir£¢og¢¥l}«ih £ l£¡{i}·hr¸o|o£jor£¢o¯··£p¡£p£g

o¯}ol»«g¥|p£g¬hl¥|jo¢oÆ i«Æ jihl£ 4HETRICOLORŵAGWASSUGGESTEDBYAFOREIGNER

)F4HAINESSWEREATREE ITWOULDBEATREEWITHDEEP STRONGROOTS

bb) +: )bdhf &IELD-ARSHAL0HIBUNŋSSPEECHON.ATIONAL$AY *UNE 

r·o}¸h ¨¢g£r«|Åp ¡h£o«p¸£¥g¥ }¥ ¥Ê ¡£r¥hhi £~}£«|Åp

¢Æ«§o®hr·oiÆ­|¯|¸¢g£h¢h¨h INTHES SUPPORTEDBYTHE5NITED3TATES4HE YEARSOLD ANDHEWASPARTICULARLYFONDOFJAZZAND ¢h«£»iÆ ¢h£l ¢h£¥}»iÆ ¢h£l

§Æ£g¢lh¢Æ¯ ®h¬o·jog£ _¥Çhr£}¥` £g£ the nation would come to an end.

_l£«½h¯`¢Ço«g·£ ®· ~©ghË££_j£`« §Æ§h¢hl£ _4HAINESS `INITSOLDANDNEWDEŵNITIONS BECAMEASELLINGPOINT

g¡¬}§Æh}¢¢zh¯g¢£l¦gl¢gigl¢Ço Thais became excited about Thai

}£¢ u ¢ g {» g £·  o«iÆ  ¬· o

®hr·oiÆ¯}¸o¢§g¢£gwg£{»®· )NTHES 4HAILANDFACED « o«|¥h¯¬h|» jool£££¸£o£gwg£{»®··£o

So much so that they didn’t see what’s coming their way.

£ h}»h£oh£g ³£¡£­p ¬hq¢h ­log£_h¦oÆ }Ë£h¦oÆ ¥}¢{y»` ¢zh££p£g¬hl¥|/NE6ILLAGE ¢o¥g}}¸Ë£g¨¸o «g¥|g¡¬¢g¯¢g~¥Æh¬¯±j¦Çh

c¬·oi«§ol§c ¡£r ¥iqo¥¥£r¢}¥lc r¨|¨{«p|i» g¬£« §Æ®r¸¡g|®h

THAILAND’S THREE PILLARS

¸ohiÇ «i §Æ o¡« {i«g£¬¡££jo¯®·¯¸®hg·ojh£|£®h

4HISGALLERYFEATURES4HAITRADITIONS CEREMONIES ANDMANNERSINTHREE

THAILAND’S THREE PILLARS

THAILAND’S THREE PILLARS

¸ohi¯Ç |¸¨}¥ £r¢¢og»¬¡¸o ¡­oj¦hÇ «·£g¢·£¸o¢oÇ ¸ohilÇ § ¬|hl»

¸  ohiÇ  |Ë £ |¢  l£«j¸  jol£«½ h ¯®h¡|¢  iÆ ¬ }g}· £ og¢ h ­|

¸ohipÇ |¢ ¬|oj¸£jo«l§Æ o®r¸«iÆ £«Åhg¢h·£ol¨h¸ }£®hri}¥ ¡pË£¢h ¬}·l£hiÇ

4HISGALLERYISNICKNAMED _4HAILANDPRESENTSITSELF THEWORLDPERCEIVES`

Thailand: The Land of Thousand “Smiles”

­|¢rhii¯ {  

¸ohiÇ i £££g£«h©®¸lh¸ £ _¢¯` «½h££¸£h± igÆ h¥ g¢h©·

ต้มข่า กับ ต้มยํา ต่างกันอย่างไร? นํ้าพริกลงเรือ กินในเรือจริงหรือ? ผัดพริกขิง ขิงหายไปไหน?

นี่ไม่ใช่ ปาท่องโก๋ ?!? แมลงทอด ก็เป็นอาหารชาววังจริงหรือ? ทําไมเรียก กิน ว่า “ทาน”

ขนมเบื้อง ทําไมมะพร้าวต้องสีแดง ปลากริม กับ ไข่เต่า ของจริงเป็นอย่างไร? ลูกชุบ?

¸ohi«Ç £p¡¯|¸«Åh _jo¯` iÆ i z ¢ h£g£h£h¸£o ¢hÇ ¸£o ®h©¬jo£

)NTHISGALLERY YOUWILLSEE_4HAIITEMS `BOTHOLDANDNEW ANDYOUCAN

ประดิษฐกรรม มะพร้าวพร้อมดื่ม เสื้อลายดอก

¸ohiÇ¯|¸¢}~¨£ol£«r§Æ·hh¦Æojo«§o¯ pË£hh  ¥Æo

¸ohiÇ «i §Æ o¡« {i«g£¬¡££jo¯®·¯¸®hg·ojh£|£®h

4HISGALLERYFEATURES4HAITRADITIONS CEREMONIES ANDMANNERSINTHREE

¸ohiÇ©¸r££~«§gr¨| «l§Æo¡|¢ q£g ¬¡«l§Æo¡gq£g Ë£¢

)NTHISGALLERY VISITORSCANCHOOSEOUTŴTS ACCESSORIES BACKDROPS AND

Mother-of-Pearl Inlaid Box

You might also like

¸ohi«Ç }Å¯|¸}©¸ r»¬¡¥hÇ r¢gj¸©®hg£_~|¢¯`¢}~¨p|¢ ¬|o¢oÇ |

g·hp¡«g¥|l£«½h¯ £{¢}~¨®h¨lg·h¡¢}¥£}»«§Æ £¸£«½h¢zh·£o|¸£h££ ¡¥¢}»g¥«} ¥¡i¥r¢

p¥}g¯iiÆ££g£ «r·h pih ¥h«|i

)NTHESDURINGTHEREIGNOF+ING2AMA)6THEIDEAOF_4HAINESS`

¬·£ojo«§Ç¨¨jo¯hiÇ ¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£ «|¥i¡ihÆ o¢Æ p¢gi£££p¡}¸o«½h£l£¬¢oÆ ¸h±}£¡£r¡ol»

~hh«p¥ug¨o }¢|j¦Çh}£lË£jjo¢Æo®h¢¢rg£iÆ il££ «§Æl¢Ço¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢

lri»g£ £ri»£|¯ }·£¡£«|Åp¡p¨p«g¸£«p¸£©·¢

|¢|¬op£g«§Ç }ir£¢og¢¥l}«ih £l£¡{i}·hr¸o|o£jor£¢o¯··£p¡£p£g

o¯}ol»«g¥|p£g¬hl¥|jo¢oÆ i«Æ jihl£ 4HETRICOLORŵAGWASSUGGESTEDBYAFOREIGNER

)F4HAINESSWEREATREEITWOULDBEATREEWITHDEEPSTRONGROOTS

bb) +:)bdhf &IELD-ARSHAL0HIBUNŋSSPEECHON.ATIONAL$AY*UNE

r·o}¸h¨¢g£r«|Åp¡h£o«p¸£¥g¥ }¥ ¥Ê ¡£r¥hhi £~}£«|Åp

¢Æ«§o®hr·oiÆ|¯|¸¢g£h¢h¨h INTHESSUPPORTEDBYTHE5NITED3TATES4HE YEARSOLDANDHEWASPARTICULARLYFONDOFJAZZAND ¢h«£»iÆ ¢h£l¢h£¥}»iÆ ¢h£l

§Æ£g¢lh¢Æ¯ ®h¬o·jog£ _¥Çhr£}¥` £g£ the nation would come to an end.

_l£«½h¯`¢Ço«g·£ ®· ~©ghË££_j£`«§Æ§h¢hl£ _4HAINESS`INITSOLDANDNEWDEŵNITIONSBECAMEASELLINGPOINT

g¡¬}§Æh}¢¢zh¯g¢£l¦gl¢gigl¢Ço Thais became excited about Thai

}£¢ u ¢ g {» g £· o«iÆ ¬· o

®hr·oiÆ¯}¸o¢§g¢£gwg£{»®· )NTHES4HAILANDFACED «o«|¥h¯¬h|» jool£££¸£o£gwg£{»®··£o

£h}»h£oh£g ³£¡£p ¬hq¢h log£_h¦oÆ }Ë£h¦oÆ ¥}¢{y»` ¢zh££p£g¬hl¥|/NE6ILLAGE ¢o¥g}}¸Ë£g¨¸o «g¥|g¡¬¢g¯¢g~¥Æh¬¯±j¦Çh

c¬·oi«§ol§c¡£r¥iqo¥¥£r¢}¥lc r¨|¨{«p|i» g¬£«§Æ®r¸¡g|®h

¸ohiÇ «i §Æ o¡«{i«g£¬¡££jo¯®·¯¸®hg·ojh£|£®h

4HISGALLERYFEATURES4HAITRADITIONSCEREMONIESANDMANNERSINTHREE

¸ohi¯Ç |¸¨}¥ £r¢¢og»¬¡¸o¡oj¦hÇ «·£g¢·£¸o¢oÇ ¸ohilÇ § ¬|hl»

¸ ohiÇ |Ë £ |¢ l£«j¸ jol£«½ h ¯®h¡|¢ iÆ ¬ }g}· £ og¢ h |

¸ohipÇ |¢ ¬|oj¸£jo«l§Æ o®r¸«iÆ £«Åhg¢h·£ol¨h¸ }£®hri}¥ ¡pË£¢h ¬}·l£hiÇ

4HISGALLERYISNICKNAMED_4HAILANDPRESENTSITSELFTHEWORLDPERCEIVES`

|¢rhii¯{

¸ohiÇ i £££g£«h©®¸lh¸ £ _¢¯` «½h££¸£h± igÆ h¥ g¢h©·

¸ohi«Ç £p¡¯|¸«Åh _jo¯` iÆ i z ¢ h£g£h£h¸£o ¢hÇ ¸£o ®h©¬jo£

)NTHISGALLERYYOUWILLSEE_4HAIITEMS`BOTHOLDANDNEWANDYOUCAN

¸ohiÇ¯|¸¢}~¨£ol£«r§Æ·hh¦Æojo«§o¯ pË£hh ¥Æo

¸ohiÇ «i §Æ o¡«{i«g£¬¡££jo¯®·¯¸®hg·ojh£|£®h

4HISGALLERYFEATURES4HAITRADITIONSCEREMONIESANDMANNERSINTHREE

¸ohiÇ©¸r££~«§gr¨| «l§Æo¡|¢ q£g ¬¡«l§Æo¡gq£g Ë£¢

)NTHISGALLERYVISITORSCANCHOOSEOUTŴTSACCESSORIESBACKDROPSAND