TOPIC

DRAINAGE SYSTEM
DCP20052 ● INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING ● MUHAMMAD SHAIFUL AZMI BIN ABDUL RAHMAN ● DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING ● POLIMAS KEDAH
o Have you ever seen flooding before
o Are you know where runoff flows
o Every new development should be
calculated volume of runoff generated
within an area
An introduction Design methods

The types of drainage Agencies involved

 A system of watercourses or drains for carrying off excess
water.
The process, method or system of carrying away extra water.
Begins when water is added to the surface from rainfall, melting
snow and groundwater.
Drainage systems develop in such a way as to efficiently move
water off the land.

drainage system

An introduction
2
The type of
drainage Surface drain
Monsoon drain
U-shape drain
V-shape drain
2.1 SURFACE DRAIN
the type of drainage

Surface drainage is the removal of excess water from the

surface of the land.
This is normally accomplished by shallow ditches, also
called open drains.
The shallow ditches discharge into larger and deeper
collector drains.
In order to facilitate the flow of excess water toward the
drains, the field is given an artificial slope by means of land
grading.
Components:
i. Surface water run-off
ii. Open drain (shallow drain)
iii. Collector drain (larger and deeper drain)
LAND GRADING METHOD
Shoot the grade.
 Find the absolute lowest spot in a potential drainage area.
 Exceeding the 2-percent standard by too much can cause
erosion problems.

Calculate the slope.

 Each foot of elevation drop over a 100-foot length is 1 percent.

Grade the area.

 Areas that will be paved, such as driveways or parking lots, are
easy to surface drain by simply grading them.

Control erosion.
 Install stone or sod, sow seed or design other means of
stabilizing the area.
2.2 MONSOON DRAIN
the type of drainage

natural drainage system upgraded to artificial drains

must be maintained within a certain period and can not
exceed 6 months
not work during the summer and controlling excessive
water when the rainy season
2.3 U-SHAPE DRAIN
the type of drainage

Concrete drain (precast)

Quality of work can be controlled.
Shorter duration of work completion - faster speed of construction.
Requires less working space thus will not affect trenches and piping.
Drain also acts as retaining wall – provides soil stability from lateral
movements.
Standard size (for nominal width between 600mm and 1800mm) and
Super Size (for nominal width between 2100mm and 3600mm)
2.4 V-SHAPE DRAIN
the type of drainage

Concrete drain (precast)

The products are highly affordable as
well
Popular among people
Used for housing project
Should always be maintained
Standard size 600 x 580 x 200mm
3
Design method
for water surface
drainage system
3.1 ZONING AREA
design method

Certain area should be preserved

as watershed
Alignment of the river for a period of
100 years
Planning the river reserve
Planning reservoirs area for flood
control
3.2 DRAINAGE LAYOUT
design method

Drainage plan must be submitted to the local authority for Drainage line
approval for each development

The requirement for submission

i) Alignment plan :
• River reserve
• Drainage
• Retention pond
• Existing reservoir
• Proposed erosion & sediment control plan

ii) Reporting and calculation of runoff water

management :
• Description of topography and surrounding area
• Description of the proposed project
• Detailed calculation of existing capacity drainage
• Calculation of the proposed capacity drainage &
retention pond
• Reservoir quality requirements
3.3 RETENTION POND vs DETENTION POND
design method

Kolam Takungan vs Kolam Tadahan

• A detention pond is a low lying area that is • A retention pond is designed to hold a specific
designed to temporarily hold a set amount of amount of water indefinitely
water while slowly draining to another location. • Usually the pond is designed to have drainage
• They are more or less around for flood control leading to another location when the water level
when large amounts of rain could cause flash gets above the pond capacity, but still maintains
flooding if not dealt with properly. a certain capacity.
RETENTION POND LAYOUT PLAN
RETENTION POND LAYOUT PLAN
3.4 RIVERFRONT
Conceptual of

DEVELOPMENT
3.5 RIVER RESERVE WIDTH
50m > 40m 50m

width of waterway
development area reserve width reserve width development area

20 - 40m 40m 20 - 40m

width of waterway
development area reserve width reserve width development area

10 - 20m 20m 10 - 20m

width of waterway
development area reserve width reserve width development area

5 - 10m 10m 5 - 10m

width of waterway
development area reserve width reserve width development area

< 5m 5m < 5m

width of
reserve waterway reserve
development area development area
width width
4 Agencies involved

Department of
Irrigation and
Drainage

The Department which is under the direction of the Ministry of Environment and
Water, has over the years taken on new and expanded responsibilities.

The DID's duties encompass :

River Basin Management and Coastal Zone

Water Resources Management and Hydrology
Special Projects
Flood Management
Eco-friendly Drainage
4 Agencies involved

Who responsible to maintain the drainage system

Area / type of drainage Agencies

Housing scheme / town centre Local Authorities

Main road Public Work Department

River / big scale of drain Department of Irrigation and Drainage

Agriculture Department of Agriculture / MADA