Choose the best option.

AFRICA’S GAME PARKS

Twenty years of civil war cost Mozambique about one million lives and (1)_____________its wildlife.
Since peace (2) _____________to Mozambique, South Africa conservation teams (3)
_______________with their counterparts in Mozambique to improve wildlife in the area. They aim to
launch a trans-frontier conservation park. The first trans-frontier park South Africa established (4)
_____________ the Kgalagadi, which formally (5) ___________on May 12, 2000 and it covers land in
more than one country. Now tourists who (6)___________one park may pass freely into the other and
back again. The new proposed park in South Africa and Mozambique (7) _____________a piece of land
the size of Florida in the USA when it (8)______________. Normally, national borders block animal
migration routes and divide -ethnic communities in southern Africa. Since its opening, Kgalagadi trans-
frontier (9)_________people and animals to move freely between the two nations. Supporters of the
scheme hope that, in time, this new initiative (10) _______________to promote a “ culture of peace” .
At present, all that separate the two areas is a thin sliver land, but the residents are not very keen on the
plans because many people (11)_________their livings as farmers and see the wild animals as a threat
to their way of living. Conservation planners (12) _____________that increased tourism will create new
jobs. The idea of joining wildlife areas across national borders (13) ____________ new to Africa. As long
as 1938 , Gomes de Sousa, a Portuguese biologist pointed out its benefits. In 1990, the South African
multi-millionaire Anton Rupert (14)_____________the Mozambican president to discuss such a link up.
At the time , the project (15) ___________an unrealistic ecological dream, but now the Peace Parks
Foundation’s director Willem Van Riet (16) ______________the details.

1 a. devastated b. devastates c. ‘s devastating d. has devastated

2 a. returns b. returned c. has returned d. returning
3 a. work b. worked c. has working d. has been working
4 a. be b. is c. was d. has been
5 a. opens b. is opening c. has opened d. opened
6 a. entered b. enter c. enters d. have entered
7 a. covered b. will cover c. is covering d. has covered
8 a. opens b. ‘s opening c. opened d. had opened
9 a. will allow b. is going to allow c. has allowed d. used to allow
10 a. has been serving b. had been served c. will serve d. is serving
11 a. make b. are going to make c. had been made d. makes
12 a. hopes b. hope c. hoped d. are hoping
13 a. is not b. are not c. must not d. were not
14 a. had met b. meeted c. met d. was meeting
15 a. was seemed b. is seeming c. has seemed d. seemed
16 a. is working out b. work out c. was working out d. had been working
out
READ THE TEXTS BELOW AND CIRCLE THE MOST APPROPRIATE ANSWER FROM EACH ROW.

When people think of the stereotypic American, what 1. ………. ? They usually 2. ………… a
pleasant, big, blond football player, whose ancestors 3. …………… in the New World from northern
Europe in the eighteenth or early nineteenth century. While a great number of Americans do descend
from northern Europeans, the population is actually made up of groups from all over the world. Large
numbers of southern and eastern Europeans 4. ……………. to arrive in the United States before the end of
the nineteenth century; thus, there are now, for example, many well-established Italian, Greek,
Portuguese, Polish, and Armenian communities. Asians 5. …………… to immigrate even before then. In
recent decades, other Asians and people from Central and South America and the Caribbean 6. …………..
in large numbers, Like earlier immigrants, these new immigrants often 7. ……………. their own
communities.

With the waves of immigrants 8. …………… new languages, customs, and foods. Especially in recent years,
Italian, Mexican, Chinese, Thai, and Japanese restaurants 9. ………….. all over the country: pizza, fajitas,
and chow main, which 10. ……………. foreign dishes, are now as American as apple pie. Many Spanish
words—for example, amigo, siesta, adiös, and macho— 11. ………….. integral part of most Americans'
vocabulary.

It appears that the "stereotypic" American in reality 12. ……………. .The real American is an amalgam of
many cultures. In the past, people thought that various groups 13. ……………… into one culture, but in
fact, the opposite 14. ……………….. .

There are many and varied cultural expressions. In the future, this cultural variety 15. ……………. even
more evident.

Americans 16. ……………. with more vocabulary from more languages, and they, 17. ……………. foods from
all over the world. It is almost certain that very soon the so-called stereotype 18. ……………. even less
accurate than it is today.
1.b

2.b

3.d

4.d

5.d

6.a-b

7.d

8.c

9.a

10.b

11.b

12.c?

13.d

14.c

15.c

16.b

17.d

18.b-D