Towards 100%

RESS - global markets and regulations

ISC Osaka, 2018 JAN 23

Volker Blandow, TÜV SÜD AG
Volker.blandow@tuev-sued.de
Since 150 years safety is our business and motivation!

Still today, TÜV SÜD stays true to its

founding principle of protecting people,
environment and property against the
adverse effects of technology.

24.000 Employees

800 Locations

62 Countries

2,4 Billion Revenue

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 2
Business as usual can‘t be an option! (impact from COP20 and COP21)

450 450
2030
430 critical co² concentration 400 to 450 ppm, 1.7°C goal requires to stay below 450 ppm
410
Today
390
2005 380
370
350
co² concentration (parts per million ppm)

330
310 CO² concentration in the last 400.000 years
290
270
250 iceage
iceage iceage iceage
230
210
190
170
150
400.000 350.000 300.000 250.000 200.000 150.000 100.000 50.000 0

year

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 3

 CO2 emissions per Capita [t / capita]

Korea
EU-28 11,3
North America
8,7 Middle East
7,7 China Japan
6,7
15,9
9,4
India
1,6
Africa Rest of Asia
0,9 1,6

Central & South America

2,4

Data source: International Energy Agency

TÜV SÜD AG
 What if the entire world population emitted the same
amount of CO2 as an average European citizen?

Today 2017

63 x 109 32 x 109 115 x 109

t CO2 t CO2 t CO2

And what if the entire world population emitted the same

amount of CO2 as a North American?
Data source: International Energy Agency
TÜV SÜD AG
 World Population Growth – 10 Billion by 2050

Even more relevant: The affluent population will tripple or even quadrouple by 2050
compared to todays levels!
9

2025
8

2011
7
1999
6

Population (in billions)

1987
5

1974
4

1960
3

1930
2

1800
1

0
2-5 Million B.C. 7000B.C. 6000B.C. 5000B.C. 4000B.C. 3000B.C. 2000B.C. 1000B.C. 1000A.D. 2025 A.D.

Year

TÜV SÜD AG
TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 7
 The simple mathematics behind the global transition

< 1.7°C UN agreed on stabilization of temperature rise

< 450 ppm

that means stabilization of CO2-concentration

anually we add another 2.5 ppm to

402 ppm existing concentration

this leaves us another

20 years to get to
0 ppm increase !

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 8

But what does this really mean?

Real Estate Transport Power Supply Industry

0 CO² 0 CO² 0 CO² -90% CO²

by 2050 (industrialized countries!)
TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 9
Relevant technologies:

• Heating ,Cooling
• Lightweight materials
• Ventilation heat/cold exchange
• Batteries and fuel cells
• Energy storage systems
• Power electronics
• Efficient household appliances • PV- / wind power
• Electric engines • Geothermal-, hydro power
• Insulations / Isolations / Hi-tec windows

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 10

Real Estate: Plus Energy House (TU Vienna)

TÜV SÜD AG
Low energy houses, passive houses

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 12

What
: options do we have for „zero emission“ transport?

ELECTRIC Drive Train

Battery Electric Vehicles

Biofuels / Biogas

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

CNG / LNG (+Biogas)

Hybrids and Plug-in Hybrids

Hydrogen IC Engine

500 KG
TÜV SÜD AG Folie 13
Dynamic encounters:

German postal service became a vehicle manufacturer!

TÜV SÜD AG
What motivates Governments to push for NEV?

Climate change, local pollution / air quality in cities

Local pollution / air quality in cities

Global technology domination in electric vehicles (NEV)

(In) dependence on oil) imports, India spends 80 Billion US$ on oil imports
- own production is in decline – demand is still growing!

Industries: New radical players, keep global market share! Survive!

06.02.2
TÜV SÜD AG Folie 15
Some reasons are very obvious!

Annual oil spending for

India @ 50$/barrel

69,4 Billion US$

2008 @ 100$ /barrel

109,5 Billion US$

TÜV SÜD Slide 16

Additional electricity needed for an 100% „electrified“ India!

1.600 No. of commercial & passenger vehicles

1.400 in 2015:
1.200

1.000
Roughly 28,9 Mio
tarewatt hours

Travel km/a 14,000

800

600

Require 60,3 TWh

400

200

0
of additional power!

06.04.2
TÜV SÜD Slide 17
Investment into REN electricity for a 100% electrified mobility in India – by solar

Question: How much investmend is needed if the complete India road transport system should run
on electricity from solar?

• 24 billion US$ are required to supply 100% electrified mobility in India

by solar energy

Question. What if the oil spendings of 80 Billion US$/a could be invested in solar power in India?

• about 110 GW capacity could be extended every year

• 180 TWh electricity could be generated from that!

• Additional power required: 50 TWh

• Average solar irradiation in India: 1930 kWh/m² per year
• Average annual PV output: 1610 kWh/kWp
+ wind and solar create local jobs! • Currently installed PV capacity: 9010 MWp
• Additional Photovoltaic capacity required for 100%
mobility electrification: ~ 31 GWp
Source: data: IEA WEO 2017,
calculations by Blandow/Füss TÜV SÜD AG • Capital cost (US$ per installed MWp): ~ 780,000 $ / MWp
• Total investment volume: ~ 24 bn $

TÜV SÜD 06.04.2017 Slide 18

Global Investments into electricity production capacities

5%
Investments 2015
Energy source
18% (in billion US$)
33%
PV 148
Wind 107
7%
Hydro 98
Gas 31
13%
Coal 78
24% Nuclear 21

PV Wind Hydroelectric Gas Coal Nuclear

 Total investements needed to meet the 2°C Paris target

Additional
Sector/Area Investment
(in trillion US$)
Energy Efficiency 23
Renewable Energy supply 16
Buildings 5
T&D, Back-up & Battery Storage 8
CCS, material efficiency
1
improvements & nuclear
Fossil fuel & nuclear electricity
-25
generation (avoided investments)
Total 29

• Meeting the 2°C target requires investing an additional US$ 29 trillion between 2015 and 2050
• The total investment cost is reduced by the avoided investments in the upstream sector and in fossil-fuelled power
generation

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 20

TÜV SÜD AG 14-01-22 Corporate Presentation Slide 21
Renewable energy share of gross electricity consumption Germany

Renewable energy shares of gross electricity consumption in Germany

45

40
40

35 33,0
35
30,1
30
27,3
25,8
Share in percent

25 23,6
20,4
20
16,3 17,0
15,1
14,2
15
11,6
10,2
9,3
10 7,7 7,6
6,2 6,6
4,7
5 3,4

0
1990 1995 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 22

Electricity stock market Germany: Lowest electricity prices since a decade!

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 23

What kind of energy storage systems are needed?
high energy storage systems
• pumped hydro
• hydrogen-systems
• hydrogen-gas-caverns
• air-pressure storage
• flow-batteries
• P2G
• others...
TÜV SÜD
back-up power systems high power systems residential storage systems
• Li-Ion-systems • Li-Ion-systems • Li-Ion-systems
• hydrogen-systems • fly wheels • Lead-acid-systems
• flow-batteries • super capacitors • others...
• others... • others...
• Thermal-systems
(water, no electricity)
06.02.2018 24
Will Elon Musk change the world again?

Tesla Power Wall Concept!

• 10 kWh system, 3 kWp

• 3500 US$

• 7 kWh system, 3 kWp

• 3000 US$

Is there a market?

38,000 pre-orders
And Tesla even thinks big: after three days!

100 kWh system – 25k US$

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 25

Tesla battery system Australia (7 MW / 729 MWh)

TÜV SÜD AG 14-01-22 Corporate Presentation Slide 26

Coal power plant shut down 650 km away from the Tesla RES

A few days before official start of operation end of 2017

TÜV SÜD AG 14-01-22 Corporate Presentation Slide 27

Good news & even better news for REES

In a stable grid environment no REES are needed below

60-70 % REN in the grid (at least below 50%)

However, there are further business models for REES 

• Reduced FIT lead to big price gap between FIT and utility electricity prices
(buy expensive but sell cheap: In Germany: 28 Cent vs. 11 Cent FIT vs. 5-6 Cent production)

• Back-up power systems can „earn money“ in stead of just beeing „ready“
(Battery back-up systems are quicker, no pollution, no noise)

• Not all regions in the world have a stable grid!

• High Power EV Charging (150-350 kW) needs „buffer“ solutions

• Regions with flexible tarifs are already today

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 28

Early bird markets for RESS

At the moment:
Image: Daimler

• Markets are mainly driven by subsidies. E.g. Germany: 1000 Systems installed in 2016/17
(40% subsidies)
• Solar (and EV) enthusiasts who just like the idea of storing their PV harvest and use it at night or
charge it into their EV over night.
• Grid operators and utilities are testing the systems despite they‘re not really needed as of today
• Some regions have really „weak“ grid conditions (partly e.g. Italy)
• Some regions already have flexible tarifs also for commercial and private customers.

TÜV SÜD AG 14-01-22 Corporate Presentation Slide 29

Early bird markets for RESS

In the near future: Image: ABB

• Installations of REN still continue soarring. Sooner or later there is an oversupply of electricity at
particular weather conditions while not all fossil powerplants can easily reduce or shut down.
• Countries aiming to become almost 100% supplied by REN soner or later enter a „critical“
transition phase where fast storage systems can guarantee power supply and stability of
frequency
• If flexible electric power tarifs are getting „mainstream“ new business modell will pop up (Store
when cheap sell when expensive)
• Storage systems can even make money without selling in a „capacity market“.
TÜV SÜD AG 14-01-22 Corporate Presentation Slide 30
Coming markets for RESS

In the future:
Image: Danish Wind Energy Association

• With increasing amounts of REN in the grid, grid stabilization, frequency stabilization becomes a
necessity
• Seasonal storage solutions – together with P2G technologies – might become necessary in
regions with an unbalanced build up of REN (a lot of PV, no wind or a lot of wind but no PV)
• Regions without stabil external electric grid connection (e.g. Japan) might have additional needs
for energy storage solutions

TÜV SÜD AG 14-01-22 Corporate Presentation Slide 31

Challenges of (residential) storage systems:

• Economic success depends on lifetime performance – 10 years plus!

• Local environmental conditions must be specified and testet – inside/outside operation

• Sytems installed in the house have more stabil conditions

but saftety requirements and proof of product safety is key
to insurance companies – fire insurance!

• There are almost no existing safety regulations for inhouse installations of RESS

• Serveral countries (e.g. Japan, Germany) issued guidelines for RESS

• Standards are evolving – dynamic environment

• US standards are slightly ahead – e.g. UL 1973 – but various additional approvals are necessary
(e.g. NFPA 70, ANSIZ 535)

• Third party test labs have set up various certification schemes e.g. TUV SUD Mark for RESS

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 32

The RESS is not only a battery, it‘s a system!

Container

CCU

=
≈
Low Medium
= Voltage Voltage
≈ Switch Switch
Grid Connection

=
≈
Fuse/Shutter Inverter

Battery Stacks

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 33

 Medium Voltage
Switch
Low Voltage
Grid Connection
Switch
Inverter
Battery Stacks

Transformer

Source: SIESTORAGE, Siemens AG

Risk categories that need to be covered by safety/compliance testing

• Chemical safety
• Fire protection (energy in the battery)
• Mechanical integrity
• Electrical shock protection
• Electrical safety (incl. short circuit protection, overcharge protection, external short circuit)

But also:

• Overall efficiency
• Environmental conditions (performance)
• Life cycle stability
• Electrical performance (switch times)
• Output power quality

Most aspects are covered in evolving and existing standards – incl. national regulations

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 35

The German checklist for Li-ion home storage systems

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 36
Legal requirements

The legal requirements:

 are defined by the legislation, e.g. European Commission or US authorities and
regional/local requirements like from “Fire Safety Authorites”
 belongs to products produced in or imported to the markets
 are addressing system safety, health and environmental protection.

Storage systems must comply in the European Union with the CE marking regulations and
related directives, in North America with the listing requirements and the national codes

With the CE-mark or listing mark, the manufacturer, his authorized representative or the
importer indicate that the product meets the legal requirements.

Helpful for the manufacturers are the harmonized product standards. Following this
standards, compliance is presumed. (e.g. IEC 63056)

For the USA a product standard is available (UL 9540), but further requirements need to be
met

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 37

Global market access, recommended strategy:

Basic steps of the strategy are:

Step 1: Find the applicable directives, standards and regulations
Step 2: Determine the applicable conformity assessment module
Step 3: Carry out a risk assessment, define measures based on harmonized standards
(FMEA, SIL, FUSI…)
Step 4: Implement the measures defined at the risk assessment
Step 5: Create the technical file (TF)
Step 6: Declare conformity and do the CE-marking / apply for UL 9540 compliance

Advantage:
 Proven in use methodology
 Applicable for all markets
 Will be required by the revised LVD
 Helps to minimize risks to forget essential requirements

TÜV SÜD AG 14-01-22 Corporate Presentation Slide 38

Your checklist: Content of the Technical File (TF)

The TF includes the following reports and documents:

 the general description of the product;

 general arrangement drawing
 the list of standards and essential requirements that are met
 the risk (matrix, FMEA) assessment to identify health and safety requirements
 the design and fabrication drawings
 detailed technical information on key aspects of the product;
 reporting of calculations and tests
 description of control philosophy/logic wiring, circuit diagrams, parts list
 certificates and test reports
 manuals for installation, user, maintenance,
 for series production, the internal rules that are adhered to ensure accordance with the
Directive(s)
 specifications, datasheets for sub-assemblies and their DoC`s
 quality control & commissioning procedures
 Declaration of Conformity (DoC)

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 39

The IEC standards for energy storage system

The IEC standards (most items are covered by the new IEC 63056 standard)
1. IEC 62109-1 Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems – Part 1: General
requirements;
2. IEC 62109-2 Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems Part 2:
Particular requirements for inverters ,
3. IEC62040-1 Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) Part1: General and safety requirements for
UPS;
4. IEC62040-2 Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
requirements for UPS;
5. IEC62040-3 Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) Part 3: Method of specifying the performance
and test requirements for UPS;
6. IEC62040-4 Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) Part 4: Environmental aspects- requirements
and reporting for UPS;
7. IEC 62619 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes
– Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial
applications;
8. IEC 62620 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Secondary lithium cells and batteries for use in industrial applications ;

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 40
IEC 62619 – the umbrella standard for industrial applications

• The IEC 62619 covers general risks in

industrial applications:
– Hints for design in regards to wiring,
venting, thermal management
– Tests for foreseeable misuse (short circuit,
impact, drop, thermal abuse, overcharge,
forced discharge)
– Internal short circuit test either on cell level
or on system level (propagation)
– System safety tests (tests of the control of
the system in overcurrent,
overtemperature and overvoltage state)
• Additional standards for the specific use
cases, are under discussion at the
moment

TÜV SÜD Greater China 18-02-06 Slide ‹Nr.›

Some test requirements out of the IEC 62619 standard:

- Non-metal parts need to be resistant to abnormal heat

- Requirements for case material
- Short Circuit test for installation (low SOC, quite high
resistance up to 100mOhm)
- Insulation requirements
- False polarity test (one module in false polarity and check the
reaction of the battery)
- Drop tests
- Overdischarge Control Test

TÜV SÜD Greater China Slide 42 17-06-08 TÜV SÜD Battery Service Introduction
Household energy storage systems – PPP 59034A:2014

• With PV input: IEC 62109-1, IEC 62109-2

• Without PV input: IEC 62477-1
PCS

• IEC: IEC 61727, IEC 62116

• Germany: VDE V 0126-1-1, VDE AR N 4105
Grid • Stand-alone: N/A
connection

• Lithium ion battery: IEC 62619

Battery

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 43
The technical requirements of industrial energy storage systems

• Container requirements
• Transportation requirements
• Battery systems with BMS evaluation
• PCS (safety and synchronization)
• Illumination system
• Air-conditioning and ventilation systems
• Fire-extinguishing systems
• Controlling systems
• Earthing systems
• Access control systems
• Electrical wiring
• Safety manual
• Noise
• IP code

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 44
Industrial energy storage systems service provided by TÜV SÜD –
PPP 59044A:2015

• System documents
• Component documents
• Documents of wiring system
• Documents of Grid code compliance
Document review • Installation manuals and user instructions
• …

• Protection against electrical shock

• Protection against mechanical hazard
• Earthing system
Construction • PV power system
Check • …

• Insulation resistance test

• Earth continuity test
• Voltage test
Verification • IP code test
Testing • …

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 45
Certification marks provided by TÜV SÜD

IEC 62619 certification

• Cell
• Battery systems
• BMS function safety evaluation
• Factory surveillance

IEC 62619 + IEC 62620 certification

• Cell certification for IEC 62619
• Battery systems certification for IEC 62619
• Cell or battery systems certification for IEC
62620
• Factory surveillance

Energy storage systems

• PCS Energy conversion systems
• Certification for ESS synchronization
• Cell certification for IEC 62619
• Factory surveillance

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 46
Our global network of REES and battery test labs

GERMANY
CANADA

U.S.A. Japan

CHINA SOUTH
KOREA

SINGAPORE

Toronto, Canada
Garching, Shenzhen, Suwon, Utsunomiya,
Auburn Hills, Germany *) Singapore *)
China Korea Japan
USA *)

Complete service Complete service Performance, Performance and Performance Environmental and
portfolio for cell, portfolio for cell, environmental and environmental testing on cell, abuse test on cell,
module and module and abuse testing on testing on cell, module and module and pack
system testing system testing cell and module module and system level, level
level – system Abuse test on cell
level in 2015 system level level
*) ISO/IEC 17025 accredited test lab or accreditation in 2015, Issuance of CB certificate / report possible
TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 47
What else TUV SUD has to offer?

• Experience in Safety - and Abuse-Testing!

• We testet more than 6000 batteries (types) so far!
• In case of fire/venting/explosion energy density (especially thermal energy content) is
getting more severe with larger batteries (exponential growth!) e.g. 20 kWh vs. 80 kWh

• Safe Conditions! High Level Experts! Environmental Attention! (also at testing!)

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 48

TÜV SÜD Battery Labs – Large scale battery safety testing up to 800 kg

Safe,
Professional
&
Clean
Testing!
TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 49
TÜV SÜD also frequently uses NLAB Osaka for severe safety testing

TÜV SÜD AG 14-01-22 Corporate Presentation Slide 50

Testing equipment is getting bigger and bigger!

ESPEC/
TUV SUD Japan
Battery lab

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 51

Power levels increase further…

2 x 400 kW (800 kW max.)

Battery Cyclers!

Large (and safe) chambers!

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 52

High power short circuit testing (temperature stable)

70 kA (max)

Resistor bank
(Short Circuit Test)

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 53

We „crashed“ many large scale battery systems up to 800 kg

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 54

We conducted various safety testing for US NHTSA (road safety authority)

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 55

Case 1: providing global access solutions for Samsung energy storage
system
Samsung, Korea

Business challenges
• Lack of international standards for ESS
• Serving for PCS, battery and systems
• Exports to Europe and Australia

Solutions
• The standard of PPP 59034:2015 about EES was written by
TÜV SÜD
• The standard covers electrical safety, grid compliance,
electrochemical safety, function safety evaluation and EMC of ESS
• On the basis of gaining European certification, ESS applies
for Australian certification.

Customer’s benefit
• ESS can be certified for specific standard.
• The certified product includes component and system.
• The product certification will reduce safety risk.
• The certified product will gain higher recognition in the
market.

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 56
Case 2: providing global access solutions for BYD energy storage
system
BYD, China

Business challenges
• The product was exported to Europe, Australia and Russia.

Solutions
• Cell certification for IEC 62619
• System certification for IEC 62619
• The product was certified for European market and complies
with European regulation.
• Gain Australian and Russian certification by adding the
differentiated test items.

Customer’s benefit
• Help customer enter European, Australian and Russian
market.
• Modularized product certification help to reduce test items for
the modularized derivatives product.

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 57
Case 3: providing global access solutions for Pylon High and low voltage
energy storage system
Pylon, China

Business challenges
• International certification for industrial energy storage
systems.

Solutions
• The cell and module tests are according to IEC 62619
• Function safety was evaluated according to appendix H of
IEC 60730.
• The system was certified with the main control module and a
simulated machine.

Customer’s benefit
• Help the customer to enter international markets.

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 58
 Second life battery systems for commercial applications…

• Suitable for one specific battery type

• Plug and Play Connection / Communication
• Incl. Cooling system
• SOH check via BMS (incl. History)
• Activlely managed by special operator
• Only change complete packs (or modules)
• System should be close to vehicle
decommissionig / wrecking
• Intermediate step before recycling
• Standardised systems 20-40 packs (1-4 MW)

Grid

59TÜV SÜD
Second Life Battery project Lünen (Smart Electric Batteries)

Image: The Mobility House

60
 Thank you
For a safer and greener future!

www.tuv-sud.jp
www.tuev-sued.com

TÜV SÜD 06.02.2018 61

Dangerous goods categories classified at UN 38.3

TÜV SÜD Greater China 2017/08/31 Introduction to Energy Storage System Service Provided by TÜV SÜD Slide 62