Development Process and

Social Movements in
Contemporary India
 Course Structure
Mixed Economy Dalit and
& Privatization Agrarian Impact & Women’s
Development Reforms & Labor Development Challenges Movement

UNIT 1 UNIT 2 UNIT 3 UNIT 4

Planning Industrial New Middle Land Reforms & Tribal, Peasant Civil Rights
Development Class Green and Workers’s Movement
Strategy Revolution Movement

2
1. Development Process since Independence

❖ Development Process since Indepencence

❖ State and Planning ( Five Year Plans, Role of State,
Transition to NITI Aayog)
❖ Liberalisation and Reforms (LPG Reforms, its need
and consequences)
3
Understanding Development
Meaning Indicators Dimensions
Core idea Economic Planned and
As Human Rights Social Unplanned model of
As Sustainable Ecological Development
Development

4
What is Development ?
❖ The idea of improvement, progress and aspiration for a better
standard of living .
❖ Development is a relative concept and thus one’s perception of
‘developed’ differs from individual to individual
❖ The notion of development of state has to be a right mix of various
factors.
“ A holistic process of economic, cultural
and social development in which all
human rights and fundamental freedoms
can be fully realized. Every human is
entitled to participate in, contribute to
and enjoy the process of development.

6
Right to Development as Human Rights

❖ Adopted in United Nations in 1986 stating that HR constitute

both civil & political rights
❖ UN World Conference on HR, Vienna, 1993 as universal and
inalienable Fundamental Right
❖ It integrated Economic, Social and Cultural rights.

7
Indicators of Development

Economic Social Ecological

Gross Domestic Health Environmental
Product (GDP) Employment concerns
Gross National Sanitation Conscious and
Product (GNP) Housing equitable
Per capita Income Self Reliability development

8
Right to Development as Sustainable Development
‘We have not inherited the resources from our ancestors but borrowed it from
our children’

❖ Sustainable use of resources that does not lead to depletion of resources

❖ A balanced pace of development that does not degenerate the environment
❖ A holistic and eco friendly means of development that aids to the clean and
green habitat

9
 Right to Development as Freedom
❖ Work of Amartya Sen
❖ Dialectical relationship of economic development and freedom
❖ Freedom: Health Care, Education, Political Dissent, economic market and equality.
❖ Freedom as an end and a means of development
❖ Removal of unfreedom for development which comprises of social depravation,
intolerance, lack of public facilities, poverty and tyranny.
❖ Development in enhancing the capability approach of an individual.

10
The path of Indian Development
‘The basic foundation on which India embarked its journey of development
included the ending of poverty and ignorance and disease and inequality of
opportunity.’

❖ Nehruvian idea of egalitarian path of development

❖ Focus on growth accelerated strategy to fuel up investment
❖ Bhagwati-Sen debate on the nature of development
❖ Role of substantive freedom as a component of development
11
Thanks!
Please send your queries
in the chat box.

12