Qingdao 青岛市

Student: MD Arafat Islam Roche

Student ID: 202101009045
Major: Software Engineering
Grade: Bachelor
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Table Of Contents
Introduction……………………………………………
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1. History of
Qingdao…………………………………………………
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1.1 Ancient
times………………………………………………………
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1.2 German and Japanese occupations
10
1.3 Qingdao city planning and development
13
1.3.1 1898–1914
1.3.2 1914–1922
1.3.3 1922–1938
1.3.4 1938–1945
1.4 Postwar
2. Administrative divisions
3. Geography
3.1 Climate
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4. Economy
4.1 Industrial zones
5. Transport
5.1 Road
5.2 Marine
5.3 Aviation
5.4 Intercity rail
5.5 Public transport
5.5.1 Metro
5.5.2 Tramway
6. Culture
6.1 Architecture
6.3 Movies shot in Qingdao
6.4 Language
6.5 Festivals
7. Media
8. Tourism
8.1 Western Shinan district
8.2 Eastern Shinan district
8.3 Laoshan district
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9. Education
9.1 Higher Education
9.2 International schools
9.3 Secondary schools
10. Sports
10.1 Stadiums
10.2 2008 Olympic Summer Games
10.3 Motorsport
11. Sister cities
12. Reference

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1.1 Origins..................................................................4
1.2 World War I and World War II aftermath............4
1.3 Tsingtao under the People’s Republic of China...5
2. Beer style...................................................................5
3. Branding and marketing............................................6
4. Tsingtao Today..........................................................6
Conclusion.....................................................................7
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References......................................................................8
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INTRODUCTION
Qingdao is a major city in eastern Shandong Province . Qingdao, is a
beautiful seaside city. The city's name in Chinese characters literally
means "greenish-blue island". It is a major nodal city of the One Belt,
One Road (OBOR) Initiative that connects Asia with Europe. It is near to
the Yellow Sea to the east and south, Yantai to the northeast, Weifang
to the west and Rizhao to the southwest. Qingdao is one of the most
beautiful coastal cities in China. Qingdao Port has been open to 177
ports around the world, bringing Qingdao to the most prosperous city
in Shandong.
Qingdao is a major seaport and naval base, as well as a commercial and
financial center. It is home to electronics multinationals such as Haier
and Hisense. The Jiaozhou Bay Bridge, links the main urban area of
Qingdao with Huangdao district, straddling the Jiaozhou Bay sea areas.
Its historic, German-style architecture and Tsingtao Brewery, the
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second largest brewery in China are legacies of the German occupation

(1898-1914).
In the 2020 Global Financial Centers Index, Qingdao ranked 47th; the
index is published by the Z/Yen Group and China Development
Institute, the other Chinese cities on the list being Shanghai, Hong
Kong, Beijing, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Nanjing, Xi'an, Tianjin,
Hangzhou, Dalian, and Wuhan. In 2007, Qingdao was named as one of
China's top ten cities by the Chinese Cities Brand Value Report, which
was released at the 2007 Beijing Summit of China Cities Forum. In 2009,
Qingdao was named China's most livable city by the Chinese Institute of
City Competitiveness. In 2018, Qingdao held the Shanghai Cooperation
Organization summit. In 2020, Qingdao was rated as a Gamma+ level
global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

Qingdao is also one of the world's top 100 cities for global scientific
research as tracked by the Nature Index. The city is home to several
notable universities, including the Ocean University of China, China
University of Petroleum, Shandong University of Science and
Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao University of Science and
Technology Qingdao University of Technology, and Qingdao Agricultural
University.
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HISTORY OF QINGDAO
1.1 Ancient Time
Human settlement in the area dates back 6,000 years. The Dongyi
nationality, one of the important origins of the Chinese nation, lived
here and created the Dawenkou, Longshan and Dongyeshi cultures.
In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty
(770 B.C. – 256 B.C.), the
town of Jimo was
established, which was then
the second largest one in the
Shandong region. The area in
which Qingdao is located
today was named Jiao'ao (胶
澳) when it was administered
by the Qing Dynasty on 14
June 1891.

1.2 German and Japanese occupations

In 1891, the Qing Empire decided to make coastal Tsingtao a
defense base against naval attack and began to improve its
fortifications. Imperial German naval officials observed and reported
on this activity during a formal survey of Jiaozhou Bay in May 1897.
Subsequently, German troops seized and occupied the fortification.
The preindustrial, waning Qing Empire was forced to concede the
area to Germany the following year, and the Kiautschou Bay
concession, as it became known, existed from 1898 to 1914 (Li 2005,
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p. 81). With an area of 552 km2 (136,000 acres; 213 sq mi), it was
located in the imperial province of Shandong (alternately romanized
as Shantung or Shan-tung) on the southern coast of the Shandong
Peninsula in northern China. Jiaozhou was alternatively romanized as
Kiaochow, Kiauchau, or Kiao-Chau in English, and Kiautschou in
German; Qingdao was its administrative center. "The so-called
Marktstrasse (Market Street) was nothing more than the old main
street of the Chinese village of Tsingtao, and the buildings lining it
were the former homes of fishermen and farmers. Having sold their
property, they resettled their homes and fields in the villages further
east." Upon gaining control of the area, the Germans outfitted the
impoverished fishing village of Tsingtao (Qingdao) with wide streets,
solid housing areas, government buildings, electrification
throughout, a sewer system and a safe drinking water supply, a rarity
in large parts of Asia at that time and later. The area had the highest
school density and the highest per capita student enrollment in all of
China, with primary, secondary and vocational schools funded by the
Imperial German treasury and Protestant and Roman Catholic
missions. Commercial interests established the Germania Brewery in
1903, which later became the world-famous Tsingtao Brewery.
German cultural and commercial influences extended to other areas
of Shandong Province, including the establishment of diverse
commercial enterprises.

Identified by the German authorities as a strategically important

port, Qingdao was administered by the Imperial Department of the
Navy (Reichsmarineamt) rather than the Imperial Colonial Office
(Reichskolonialamt). The growing Imperial German Navy based their
Far East Squadron there, allowing the warships to conduct
operations throughout the western Pacific. Beginning January 1898,
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the marines of III. Seebataillon were based at Tsingtao. Construction

of the Jiaoji Railway began on 23 September 1899, and was
completed in 1904.
Japanese military currency Siege of Tsingtao 10 sen (1914)
Before the outbreak of World War I
(1914–1918), ships of the German naval
forces under Admiral Count von Spee
were located at central Pacific colonies
on routine missions. The fleet then
rendezvoused in the Marianas Islands
to plan a transit back to Germany rather
than be trapped in the Pacific by more powerful and numerous Allied
fleets (British and Japanese).

After a minor British naval attack on the German concession in

Shandong (Kiautschou Bay concession) in 1914, Japanese Empire
troops occupied the city and the surrounding province during the
Siege of Tsingtao after Japan's declaration of war on Germany in
accordance with the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. China protested
against Japan's violation of her neutrality but was not able to
interfere in the military operations. The decision of the Paris Peace
Conference and the Versailles Treaty negotiations not to restore
Chinese rule over the previous foreign concessions in Qingdao after
the Great War triggered the May Fourth Movement (4 May 1919) of
anti-imperialism, nationalism and cultural identity in China.

The city came under Chinese rule

in December 1922, under control
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of the Republic of China (R.O.C.) established 1912 after the Chinese

Revolution the year before. However, Japan maintained its economic
dominance of the railway and the province as a whole. The city
became a direct-controlled municipality of the ROC Government in
July 1929.

Japan re-occupied Qingdao in 1938, a year after its expansion of the

Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), (a precursor to World War
II, 1939–1945) with its plans of territorial expansion into China's
coast. Nationalist (Kuomintang) ROC forces returned after the
Japanese surrender in September 1945. On 2 June 1949, during the
Chinese Civil War and shortly before the founding of the communist
People’s Republic of China on 1 October 1949 the city was taken by
Chairman Mao Zedong and his troops.

1.3 Qingdao city planning and development

1.3.1 1898–1914
The development of the Tsingtao urban space during the
German-occupation (1898–1914) originated from the port. Mass
urban construction began in 1898 with the relocation of Chinese
dwellers along the coast. With the completion of such series of
mass construction projects such as wharves, the Tsingtao-Jinan
Railway Line, Tsingtao Railway Station and locomotive works, a
city was starting to take shape. The area had the highest school
density and highest per capita
student enrollment in all of
China, with primary,
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secondary and vocational schools funded by the Berlin treasury as

well as Protestant and Roman Catholic missions. In 1910, the
Germans drew up for the second time the city planning of
Tsingtao (Warner 2001, p. 33). The former urban area was
extended for four times highlighted by the emphasis on the
development of commerce and trade. Sun Yat-sen (1866–1925),
leader of the Chinese Revolution of 1911 and subsequent first
president of the Republic of China, visited the Tsingtau area and
stated in 1912, "I am impressed. The city is a true model for
China's future".

1.3.2 1914–1922
The development of Tsingtao urban space continued during the
first Japan-occupation period (1914–1922). In 1914, Tsingtao was
taken over by the Japanese and served as a base for the
exploitation of natural resources of Shandong and northern China.
With the development of industry and commerce, a "New City
District" was established to furnish the Japanese colonists with
commercial sections and living quarters, which suggested a
striking contrast to the shabby houses in the local Chinese zones
(Li 2007, p. 133). In the meantime, a number of schools, hospitals
and public buildings were constructed, followed by urban streets
and intercity highways as well. The urban spatial layout continued
to expand northward along the eastern bay area.

1.3.2 1922–1938
The development of Tsingtao urban space during the ROC-ruled
period (1922–1938). This period saw the substantial progress of
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the urban development of Tsingtao. The government engaged

itself in mass construction The development of Tsingtao urban
space during the ROC-ruled period that gave birth to villa districts
at the beach and bank groups in CBD. Plenty of public buildings
and facilities for the purpose of entertainment and sports were
completed. By the year of 1937, the urban population numbered
385,000(Lu 2001, p. 327). Tsingtao consequently distinguished
itself as a prominent holiday resort and summer retreat.

1.3.3 1938–1945
The development of Tsingtao urban space during the second
Japan-occupied period (1938–1945). Japanese armed forces
returned to Tsingtao in 1938 and started to strive for the
construction of the Greater Tsingtao in the following June.
Accordingly, they worked out the city planning of the Greater
Tsingtao and the City Planning of the Mother Town (Tsingtao City
Proper), even though they had not had the opportunity to
actualize either, respectively. The period in question did not
witness much urban progress except for the logical construction
of No. 6 Wharf, some Japanese residences and a small number of
roads and streets (Lu 2001, p. 339).

1.4 Postwar
After World War II, the KMT allowed Qingdao to serve as the
headquarters of the Western Pacific Fleet of the US Navy in 1945;
however, its headquarters was transferred to the Philippines sometime
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in late 1948. On 2 June 1949, the CPC-led Red Army entered Qingdao
and the city and province have been under PRC control since that time.
Since the 1984 inauguration of China's open-door policy to foreign
trade and investment, Qingdao has rapidly developed into an
ultramodern port city. It is now the headquarters of the Chinese navy's
northern fleet. An early example of the open-door policy occurred on 5
November 1984, when three United States Naval vessels visited
Qingdao. This was the first US port call in more than 37 years to China.
USS Rentz, USS Reeves, and USS Oldendorf and their crews were
officially hosted by the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN).
Northern Qingdao, particularly Shibei, Licang, and Chengyang districts,
are now major manufacturing centers. The city has recently
experienced a strong growth period, with a new central business
district created to the east of the older business district. Outside of the
center of the city, there is a large industrial zone, which includes
chemical processing, rubber and heavy manufacturing, in addition to a
growing high-tech area. Numerous local and national service
companies, rather than manufacturers, are based in the city's southern
district; this, as well as local wind patterns, allows Qingdao to enjoy
clean, clear air year round.

2. Administrative divisions
2.1 Laixi
Laixi locates on the north of Qingdao and in the middle of
Jiaodong Peninsula, with a total area of 1,568 square kilometers.
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2.2 Pingdu
Pingdu, the largest county-level city in Shandong province, has a
total area of 3,176 square kilometers on the northwest of
Qingdao.

2.3 Jiaozhou
With a total area of 1,324 square kilometers, Jiaozhou is where
Jiaodong International Airport, which is under construction, is
located.

2.4 Chengyang
Chengyang district in the northern urban area covers an area of
378 square kilometer. It is where Liuting International Airport is
located.

2.5 Jimo
Jimo district locates in the north of Qingdao, with an area of 1,780
square kilometers.

2.6 Shinan
Shinan district is Qingdao's administrative center and home to
government agencies including the municipal government and
liaison offices of the central and provincial governments.

2.7 Shibei
Shibei district locates in the center of the urban area and covers
an area of 65.4 square kilometer.
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2.8 Licang
Licang district in the northern urban area covers an area of 98
square kilometers.

2.9 Laoshan
Situated on the southeast of urban Qingdao, Laoshan district has
an area of 395 square kilometers, and a coastline of 103
kilometers. It possesses one 5A national tourist attraction and
three 4A tourist attractions.

2.10 Huangdao
It has a land area of 2,127 square kilometers, a coastline of 282
kilometers and a population of 1.8 million.

3. Geography
Qingdao is located on the south facing coast of the Shandong
Peninsula. It borders three prefecture-level cities, namely Yantai to
the northeast, Weifang to the west, and Rizhao to the southwest. The
city's total jurisdiction area occupies 10,654 square kilometres. The
populated sections of the city are relatively flat while mountains spur
up within city limits and nearby. The highest elevation in the city is
1,133 metres above sea level. 15.5% of the total area is highland, while
the foothill, plain and lowland areas constitute 25.1%, 37.8% and
21.7%. The city has a 730.64 kilometres coastline. Five significant rivers
that flow for more than 50 kilometres can be found in the region.
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3.1 Climate
Qingdao climate is monsoon-influenced and falls on the
borderline between humid subtropical and humid continental.
Winter is cool to cold and windy, sometimes snowy, but generally
dry, with a January average of −0.6 °C. Summer is generally hot
and humid, but very hot days are rare, with an August average of
25.7 °C. Due to its proximity to the coast and being on a
peninsula, it experiences a one-month delayed spring compared
to most of central China. Conversely, autumn is much milder than
inland areas. The water temperature peaks at about 25 °C in late
August, with swimming possible two months on either side.

4. Economy
Qingdao-based Tsingtao beer, China's second-largest domestic brand
and its largest export brand.
An important region in Eastern China, Shandong Province has seen
substantial change in its economic landscape in recent years. Much of
this development has been concentrated in Qingdao. Qingdao has seen
rapid development. With an annual growth rate of 18.9 percent in
2006, the city's GDP reached 42.3 billion, ranking first in Shandong
Province and tenth out of China's top 20 cities. GDP per capita
comprised CN¥52,895 (US$7,616) in 2008. The GDP has grown steadily
at an average pace of 16% annually. In 2006, Qingdao was ranked one
of six "golden cities" by the World Bank, out of 120 Chinese cities
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assessed on factors including investment climate and government

effectiveness.[38] In 2018, Qingdao's GDP reached CN¥1200.15 billion,
though it shrank a little in 2019.
Internationally, Qingdao is perhaps best known for its Tsingtao
Brewery, founded by a German-British joint venture in 1903 that
produces Tsingtao beer, the best-known Chinese export beer. It is also
home to Haier, a large white goods manufacturer, and Hisense, a major
electronics company. In 2002 guitar manufacturers Epiphone opened a
factory in Qingdao.
In 1984 the Chinese government named a district of Qingdao a Special
Economic and Technology Development Zone (SETDZ). Along with this
district, the entire city had gone through amazing development of
secondary and tertiary industries. As an important trading port in the
province, Qingdao flourishes with foreign investment and international
trade. South Korea and Japan in particular made extensive investment
in the city. Approximately 80,000 South Korean citizens reside there.
In terms of primary sector industries, Qingdao has an estimated
50,000 acres (200 km2) of arable land.[citation needed] Qingdao
has a zigzagging pattern coastline, and thus possesses an
invaluable stock of fish, shrimp, and other sea resources.
Qingdao's wind power electricity generation performs at among
the highest levels in the region.

4.1 Industrial zones

1. Qingdao West Coast New District
2. Qingdao Special Economic and Technological Development
Area
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3. Qingdao Free Trade Zone

4. Qingdao High-tech Industrial Zone
5. Qingdao University Industrial Zone

5. Transport
5.1 Road
There are a total of 1,145 km (711 mi) of roads in the Qingdao
area, with nearly 500 km (310 mi) of expressways. These National
Trunk Highway System (NTHS) Expressways begin or pass through
in Qingdao. Expressways that begin in Qingdao are in Bold:
1. G15 Shenhai Expressway (Shenyang, Liaoning-Haikou,
Hainan)
2. G18 Rongwu Expressway (Rongcheng, Shandong-Wuhai,
Inner Mongolia)
3. G20 Qingyin Expressway (Qingdao-Yinchuan, Ningxia)
Spur Route: G2011 Qingxin Expressway (Qingdao-Xinhe, Pingdu,
Shandong)
1. G22 Qinglan Expressway (Qingdao-Lanzhou, Gansu)
These provincial expressways begin in or pass through Qingdao.
Expressways that begin in Qingdao are in Bold:
1. S16 Rongwei Expressway (Rongcheng-Weifang)
2. S19 Longqing Expressway (Longkou-Qingdao)
3. S21 Xinwei Expressway (Xinhe-Weifang)
4. S24 Weiqing Expressway (Weihai-Qingdao)
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Other than Expressways, there are also National Highways that

pass through or begin in Qingdao. National Highways that begin in
Qingdao are in bold:
1. G204 (Yantai-Shanghai)
2. G206 (Yantai-Shantou)
3. G308 (Qingdao-Shijiazhuang)
4. G309 (Rongcheng-Lanzhou)

5.2 Marine
Qingdao (official name: Qingdao port international co. ltd.) hosts
one of the world's busiest seaports. Cooperative relations have
been established with 450 ports in 130 countries worldwide. The
port of Qingdao is part of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. In
2003, the annual cargo handling capacity exceeded 100 million
tons for the first time. The number of containers reached 3.41
million twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU) of cargoes.
By 2011, the port had become the world’s sixth-busiest by Total
Cargo Volume, having handled 372,000,000 metric tons
(366,000,000 long tons; 410,000,000 short tons) of cargo in that
year. As of 2016, it was the 8th in the world in terms of TEUs
(Twenty Foot Equivalent Units).
The Orient Ferry connects Qingdao with Shimonoseki, Japan.
There are two ferry lines connecting Qingdao with South Korea.
The New Golden Bridge II operates between Qingdao and
Incheon, and the Blue Sea Ferry operates between Qingdao and
Gunsan.
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5.3 Aviation
Qingdao Jiaodong International Airport, located 39 km (24 mi)
away from the city center, is served by 13 domestic and
international airlines that operate 94 routes, 12 of which are
international and regional. The airport opened on August 12, 2021
as a replacement for Qingdao Liuting International Airport.

5.4 Intercity rail

Qingdao's railway development picked up during the late 1990s. It
is at the start of the Jiaoji Railway. Qingdao's city proper has some
major railway stations, including Qingdao railway station, Cangkou
railway station, Dagang railway station and Qingdao North railway
station. Sifang railway station is now closed to passengers.
D and G series high-speed trains travel on the Jiaoji High Speed
Railway and reach speeds of 300 km/h (190 mph) on the Jinan-
Qingdao Section.[53] Services go to Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, Jinan
and Tianjin.[54] The fastest train between Qingdao and Beijing is
G206 / G205, which takes 2 hours and 58 minutes.

Domestic rail lines connect Qingdao with many cities in China,

including Beijing, Lanzhou, Chengdu, Xi'an, Zhengzhou, Jinan and
Jining.

5.5 Public transport

Qingdao's public traffic owns 5283 large and medium-sized buses,
CNG buses as of 2012.There are also 136 trolleybuses as of 2012.
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All of the buses and trolleybuses can be accessed using the

Qingdao Public Traffic IC Card ( 青 岛 卡 ), which uses radio
frequencies so the card does not have to physically touch the
scanner. After that, all public transportation companies use
Qingdaotong Card, the last company started to use this card is
Zhenqing bus company located in The West Coast New Area of
Qingdao (original Huangdao Distinct) in 2019.
Non air-conditioned buses cost 1 yuan (excluding the tunnel bus),
The volume of road passenger transport approaches 737 million
per year.[56] The Public Transport Brand of 'Ri-Xin Bus ( 日 新 巴
士)' is also known in China.
There are a number of taxi companies in Qingdao including Yiqing
Company, Zhongqing Company, Jiaoyun Company and, Huaqing
Company.

5.5.1 Metro
After getting the approval from the State Council, the government
announced on 18 August 2009 that Qingdao is ready to spend
more than 29 billion yuan ($4.2 billion) before 2016 on its subway
construction. Construction of 54.7 km (34.0 mi) of subway line 3
was completed before 2016 with a total investment of 29.2 billion
yuan ($4.3 billion). Metro Line 3 is the first line in function and
opened on 16 December 2015. In the long term, the city plans to
build eight subway lines in downtown and some suburban
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districts, which account for 231.5 km (143.8 mi) in future.[57] The

system has an operating length of 243 km (151 mi), lines in
operation including Line 1, Line 2, Line 3, Line 8, Line 11, and Line
13.

5.5.2Tramway
The Qingdao Tram (official name: Modern tram demonstration
line) of Chengyang District, Qingdao, is a tram system operating in
Chengyang District, Qingdao, China. It opened in 2016. The
Qingdao Public Transport Group Rail Bus Co., Ltd. is responsible
for operation and management. The system is only composed of 1
tram line.

6.Culture
6.1 Architecture
There are a large number of German-style buildings in Qingdao's
city center, a remarkable fact considering the German leased-
territory period only lasted 16 years (1898–1914). The unique
combination of German and Chinese architecture therein,
combined with German demographic roots and a large Korean
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expatriate population, gives Qingdao a rather distinct

atmosphere. An old saying described Qingdao as a city of "red
tiles green trees, blue sky and blue sea." This saying indeed gives a
picture of bird view of Qingdao. A larger number of areas in
former foreign styles are well preserved. Although the new city
area is under large-scale reconstruction, the old city area
(especially the western part of Shinan District) still retains many
traditional buildings.

6.2 Movies shot in Qingdao

A Little Red Flower (送你一朵小红花 2020) 2020
A Better Tomorrow 2018 (英雄本色 2018) 2016
The Great Wall (长城) 2016
Underdog Fight (硬汉) 2008
Underdog Fight II (硬汉 II) 2013
Ocean Heaven (海洋天堂) 2010
Beauty Remains (美人依旧) 2005

6.3 Language
During the city's leased-territory days, German, the official
language, was rigorously taught and promoted. Since the demise
of Germany's colonial empire after World War I, the German
language is all but gone, leaving little impact on the local
languages. A local accent known as Qingdao dialect (Chinese: 青
岛话; pinyin: Qīngdǎo huà) distinguishes the residents of the city
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from those of the surrounding Shandong province. Due to the

efforts by the city government to promote standard Mandarin,
most educated people can speak standard Mandarin in addition
to their native dialect. With reform policies and English teaching,
some young citizens have been taught English and many can
converse with English-speaking foreigners. Business and traffic
signs in English are becoming more and more common.

6.4 Festivals
Notable festivals include:
 Qingdao International Horticultural Exposition 2014 is the
biggest international fair that has been held in the history of
the city.
 Qingdao International Beer Festival in August/September, held
annually since 1991.

7. Media
Qingdao previously had a large German community and a German
garrison, so three German newspapers operated in Qingdao. German
papers included Deutsch-Asiatische Warte (traditional Chinese: 泰東古
今 鑑 ; simplified Chinese: 泰 东 古 今 鉴 ; pinyin: Tàidōng Gǔjīn Jiàn;
weekly newspaper published until 1906, included Die Welt des Ostens,
Altes und Neues aus Asiens drei Kaiserreichen, a cultural supplement),
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the Tsingtauer Neueste Nachrichten and the Kiautschou Post (a daily

paper published from 1908 to 1912, referring to the Kiautschou
(Jiaozhou) Bay concession). German publishing in Qingdao ended after
World War I and the beginning of the Japanese administration.
A 1912 publication of the United States Department of Commerce,
Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce said that the Tageblatt für
Nordchina of Tianjin was read in Qingdao, and that major newspapers
from Shanghai were also read in Qingdao.

8. Tourism
Qingdao attracts many tourists due to its seaside setting and temperate
weather. Parks, beaches, sculptures and unique German and modern
architecture line the shore. Its centrally located tourist information
center, the "Qingdao Information Center for International Visitors for
International Visitors," is located on Middle Hong Kong Road ( 香港中
路).
Qingdao's major attractions include:

8.1 Western Shinan district

 Zhan Qiao (Pier, 栈桥)
 Little Qingdao Isle (小青岛)
 Tian Hou Temple (天后宫), Qingdao Folk Museum
 Badaguan ( 八大关 ; 'Eight Great Passes'), the older area of
town with some surviving German and Japanese
architecture.
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 Lu Xun Park, named after Lu Xun, modern Chinese writer

and critic, who lived and taught in the 1930s.
 Zhongshan Park, named after the style name 'Zhongshan' of
Sun Yat-sen, a famous modern Chinese politician.
 Xiao Yu Shan (小鱼山; 'Little Fish Hill')
 The twin-spired St. Michael's Cathedral ( 天 主 教 堂 ;
Kathedrale St. Michael), a notable example of Qingdao's
famous Neo-romanesque architecture, designed by German
architect Alfred Fräbel, completed in 1934.
 Qingdao Aquarium (青岛水族馆)
 Jiaozhou Governor's Hall (提督府), office building of former
German governors (Gouverneurspalast) and former
municipal government
 Xinhao Hill (信号山)

8.2 Eastern Shinan district

 May Fourth Square (Platz des vierten Mai), Coastal plaza
with the Wind of May sculpture
 Tsingtao Brewery (Tsingtao-Brauerei), founded by Germany
and the most exported beer from China.
 Zhanshan Temple (Dschanschan-Tempel), Qingdao's oldest
Buddhist temple.
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8.3 Laoshan district

 Lao Shan (Mount Lao, Lauschan, 崂山), 40 km (25 mi) east of
Qingdao, the most famous Taoist mountain with Taoist
retreat – Great Purity Palace (太清宫)
 National Shilaoren Tourist Resort (石老人国家旅游度假区),
the famous bathing beach symbolized by a characteristic
natural sea rock with a shape like an old man
 Xiaomaidao Park ( 小麦岛公园), the park with hills, beach,
and nice view of the coastal line

9. Education
9.1 Higher Education
Qingdao is home to a large number of higher education
institutions. Ocean University of China, formerly called Ocean
University of Qingdao, is the most important university of
maritime sciences in China. In addition, the Qingdao
University,Qingdao University is ranked #940 in Best Global
Universities. Schools are ranked according to their performance
across a set of widely accepted indicators of excellence.[61] the
Qingdao University of Science and Technology as well as the
Qingdao Technological University have also been integral parts of
higher education in Qingdao for decades. Shandong University
Qingdao (SDUQ) established since 2016, belonging to Shandong
University System. Other institutions include:
 China University of Petroleum, completed its relocation from
Dongying to Qingdao in 2012
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 Shandong University of Science and Technology, main

campus is based in Qingdao since 2003
 Qingdao Agricultural University, main campus is based in
Qingdao since 2007
 Qingdao Technical College
 Qingdao Binhai University, located at Huangdao.
Shandong University was located in Qingdao from 1909 to 1936. A
new branch campus of the university is under construction in
Aoshanwei Town, Jimo.

9.2 International schools

 Korean International School of Qingdao
 Malvern College Qingdao
 Pegasus California School, Qingdao
 International School of Qingdao
 Qingdao Amerasia International School
 Qingdao No.1 International School
 Qingdao Oxford International College
 Yew Chung International School of Qingdao
 Belt&Road Collaborative Innovation College (BRCIC)

9.3 Secondary schools

 Qingdao No. 2 High School
 Qingdao No. 58 School
 Qingdao No. 1 High School
 Qingdao No. 9 High School
 Qingdao No. 15 High School
 Qingdao No. 19 High School and so on
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10. Sports
10.1 Stadiums
 Guoxin Gymnasium (Qingdao city sports center)
 Yizhong Sports Center
 Qingdao Tiantai Stadium
 Hongcheng Stadium

10.2 2008 Olympic Summer Games

During the 2008 Summer Olympics, Qingdao and Beijing cohosted
the Olympic Sailing competitions. In Qingdao, the events took
place along the shoreline by the city. These events were hosted at
the Qingdao International Sailing Centre and held in Fushan Bay,
near the city's central business district. An international
broadcasting center and purpose-built hotel were constructed for
the Games.

10.3 Motorsport
The IndyCar Series signed a contract with the Qingdao city council
to hold an IndyCar race in Qingdao in 2012. The subsequently
canceled race was supposed to take place on a 6.23 km (3.87 mi)
street circuit.

11. Siater Cities

1. Qingdao has 26 sister cities.
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2. Mexico Acapulco, Mexico

3. Australia Adelaide, Australia
4. Turkey Antalya, Turkey
5. Spain Bilbao, Spain
6. South Korea Daegu, South Korea
7. Tajikistan Dushanbe, Tajikistan
8. Pakistan Faisalabad, Pakistan
9. Denmark Frederikshavn, Denmark
10. Mauritius Grand Port, Mauritius
11. India Hyderabad, India
12. Philippines Iloilo City, Philippines
13. United States Long Beach, United States
14. Indonesia Makassar, Indonesia
15. Germany Mannheim, Germany
16. Uruguay Montevideo, Uruguay
17. France Nantes, France
18. Israel Ness Ziona, Israel
19. Ukraine Odessa, Ukraine
20. Germany Oldenburg, Germany
21. Belarus Orsha, Belarus
22. Germany Paderborn, Germany
23. Thailand Pattaya, Thailand
24. Russia Perm, Russia
25. Chile Puerto Montt, Chile
26. Israel Ramat Gan, Israel
27. Germany Regensburg, Germany
28. Croatia Rijeka, Croatia
29. Russia Saint Petersburg, Russia
30. Finland Salo, Finland
31. Japan Shimonoseki, Japan
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32. England Southampton, England, United Kingdom

33. United States Thousand Oaks, United States
34. Netherlands Velsen, Netherlands
35. Spain Vigo, Spain
36. Brazil Vila Velha, Brazil
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12. Reference