Fall 2015/2016

Faculty of Engineering Dr/ Ashraf Abd Al-Raouf

Electrical Power & Machines Dept. Eng/ Shady Mamdouh
3rd Year, Electrical Machines Course (ELP341)

SHEET (1)

"Synchronous Generators"

1- A 50 KVA, 440 V, 3-ph, 50 Hz, star connected synchronous alternator has Ra=
0.25 Ω, Xs = 3.2 Ω/ph, and self-inductance X = 0.5 Ω/ph. Determine at Rated Load
Condition and P.F.=1:
(a) Armature reaction reactance Xa
(b) Generated e.m.f .

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2- A 8-pole, 3-ph, Y-Connected generator runs at speed of 750 rpm and has number
of turns per phase =120, the flux density Ф=55 mWb. Find: The no load voltage.

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3- A 11 KV, 3-ph, 10 MW, Y-connected synchronous generator has synchronous

impedance as 0.8+j8 Ω/ph, when no load voltage =14 KV/ph, Find:
(a) Max. Power
(b) Armature current at max. Power.

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4- A synchronous machine has Xs=3.8 Ω/ph, Ra= 0.25 Ω/ph, generated e.m.f = 457 V
at angle 8° and the phase voltage = 480 V.
(a) Is this machine Motor or Generator? )according to magnitudes only)
(b)Find the power supplying to the electrical system. Comment.

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5- A 440 V, 3-ph, star connected synch. Generator has Xs = 1.5 Ω/ph , δ=30° and Pe=
90 KW. Determine:
(a) Magnitude of (E).
(b) Ia , P.F
(c) Pmax
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6- A 480 V, 50 Hz, Δ-connected, six-pole synchronous generator has the following
characteristics:

This generator has a synchronous reactance of 0.1 Ω and an armature resistance of

0.015 Ω. At full load, the machine supplies 1200 A at 0.85 PF lagging. Under full-
load conditions, the friction and windage losses are 60kW, and the core losses are 40
kW. Ignore any field circuit losses.
(a) What is the speed of rotation of this generator?
(b) How much field current must be supplied to the generator to the generator to make
the terminal voltage 480 V at no load?
(c) If the generator is now connected to a load and the load draws 1200 A at 0.8 PF
lagging, how much field current will be required to keep the terminal voltage equal to
480 V.
(d) How much power is the generator now supplying? How much power is supplied to
the generator by the prime mover? What is this machine’s overall efficiency?
(e) Suppose that the generator is connected to load drawing 1200 A at 0.8 PF leading.
How much the field current would be required to keep VT at 480 V?

7-(Solved 5.7) A 13.8-kV 10-MVA 0.8-PF-lagging 60-Hz two-pole Y-connected

steam-turbine generator has a synchronous reactance of 12 Ω per phase and an
armature resistance of 1.5 Ω per phase.
(a) What is the magnitude of EA at rated conditions?
(b) What is the torque angle of the generator at rated conditions?
(c) If the field current is constant, what is the maximum possible power out from this
generator? How much converted power does this generator have at full load?
(d) At the absolute maximum power possible, how much reactive power will this
generator be supplying or consuming? Sketch the corresponding phasor diagram.
(Assume IF is still unchanged.). Comment.
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8- (Book 5.3) A 480-V, 60-Hz, Y -connected, six-pole synchronous generator has a
per-phase synchronous reactance of 1.0 Ω. Its full-load armature current is 60 A at 0.8
PF lagging. This generator has friction and windage losses of 1.5 kW and core losses
of 1.0 kW at 60 Hz at full load. Since the armature resistance is being ignored, assume
that the I2R losses are negligible. The field current has been adjusted so that the
terminal voltage is 480 V at no load. (Note: the field current is adjusted initially and
then left alone).
(a) What is the speed of rotation of this generator?
(b) What is the terminal voltage of this generator if the following are true?
1. It is loaded with the rated current at 0.8 PF lagging.
2. It is loaded with the rated current at 1.0 PF.
3. It is loaded with the rated current at 0.8 PF leading.
(c) What is the efficiency of this generator (ignoring the unknown electrical losses)
when it is operating at the rated current and 0.8 PF lagging?
(d) How much shaft torque must be applied by the prime mover at full load? How
large is the induced torque?
(e) What is the voltage regulation of this generator at 0.8 PF lagging? , at 1.0 PF? and
at 0.8 PF leading?. Comment.
9- (Book 5.2) A 480-V, 60-HZ, Δ-connected, four pole synchronous generator has the
OCC shown in figure (1). The synchronous reactance is 0.1 Ω and the armature
resistance is 0.015 Ω . At full load, the machine supplies 1200A at 0.8 PF lagging. At
full load conditions, the friction and windage losses are 40 kW, and the core losses are
30 kW. Ignore any field circuit losses.
(a) What is the speed of rotation of this generator?
(b) How much field current must be supplied to the generator to make the terminal
voltage 480 V at no load?
(c) If the generator is now connected to a load and the load draws 1200 A at 0.8 PF
lagging, how much field current will be required to keep the terminal voltage equal to
480 V?
(d) How much power is the generator now supplying? How much power is supplied to
the generator by the prime mover? What is this machine's overall efficiency?
(e) If the generator's load were suddenly disconnected from the line, what would
happen to its terminal voltage?
(j) Finally, suppose that the generator is connected to a load drawing 1200 A at 0.8 PF
leading. How much field current would be required to keep VT at 480 V?

Figure (1)
10- (Solved 5.2) A 2300-V 1000-kVA 0.8-PF-lagging 60-Hz two-pole Y-connected
synchronous generator has a synchronous reactance of 1.1 Ω and an armature
resistance of 0.15 Ω. At 60 Hz, its friction and windage losses are 24 kW, and its core
losses are 18 kW. The field circuit has a dc voltage of 200 V, and the maximum IF is
10 A. The resistance of the field circuit is adjustable over the range from 20 to 200 Ω.
The OCC of this generator is shown in Figure (2).
(a) How much field current is required to make VT equal to 2300 V when the
generator is running at no load?
(b) What is the internal generated voltage of this machine at rated conditions?
(c) How much field current is required to make VT equal to 2300 V when the
generator is running at rated conditions?
(d) How much power and torque must the generator’s prime mover be capable of
supplying?

Figure (2)