ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

PRACTICAL WORK (LAB 2)

DEE 20023 SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

PROGRAM: DEP / DTK

CLO2: Construct the various applications of semiconductor devices circuit by using schematic
diagrams

______________________________________________________________________________

Prepared by: Checked by: Verified by

Name: Name: Name:
Ikmal Hisham Bin Abdul Mohd
Azizy Bin Adnan Karim
Date: 1 Mac 2021 Date: 1 Mac 2021 Date:
1/3/2021

PRACTICAL: 2
 TITLE: HALF WAVE RECTIFIER

CLO2 : Construct the various applications of semiconductor devices circuit by using schematic
diagrams.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of these practical, students are able to:

i.To recognize a half wave rectified sinusoidal voltage.

ii.To study the characteristics of half wave rectifier. iii.To
observe the operations of half wave rectifier.
iv.Draw the half wave rectified sinusoidal waveform.

LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS:

i. PROTEUS or any electronic-CAD Software

THEORY:

In this type only one diode is used. Generally, a step-down transformer is used to provide the required
secondary voltage. The transformer isolates the load from the line. This reduces the possibility of
electric shock.

In the positive half cycle of secondary voltage, the diode is forward biased for voltages greater than the
offset voltage. The offset voltage is 0.7 V for silicon diodes and 0.3 V for germanium diodes. This
produces a half sine wave of voltage across the load resistor.
In the negative half cycle, the diode is reverse biased. The load current drops to zero.
The load current is always in the same direction. This provides rectification.
Average Voltage = Vdc = Vp/π = 0.318 Vp
Where, Vp = peak value of voltage across secondary. The value of direct current, the diode can handle is
called as ‘Current rating of diode’ (Io).
Peak Inverse Voltage – In the negative half – cycle, the diode is reverse-biased. All secondary voltage
appears across the diode. The maximum negative (reverse) voltage appearing across the diode is called
the ‘Peak Inverse Voltage’ (PIV). To avoid break down, the PIV must be less than PIV rating of the diode.
For half wave rectifier PIV = Vp.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
 10K

Precautions:
1. Connect diode and oscilloscope in correct polarities as shown in the circuit diagram.

PROCEDURES:

Forward Biased Condition:

1. Construct the circuit as figure above.

2. Set the vertical sensitivities of CH1 and CH2 of the oscilloscope to 5 V/div.
3. Set the function generator for a 1 kHz sine wave with 5V amplitude (Vpp). Check the waveform by using
theoscilloscope.
4. Connect the circuit as shown as circuit above.
5. Set the input voltage to 5 Vpp.
6. Use the first channel (CH1) of the oscilloscope to obtain the input voltage and input waveform.
7. Use the second channel (CH2) of the oscilloscope to obtain the output voltage and output waveform.
8. Capture the input and output waveform displayed on the oscilloscope on table given.
9. Repeat procedure 5 for the following condition at the input voltage.
10. Fill the results into the Table 1.

RESULTS:
 Input Output
No Voltage Input Waveform Output Waveform Voltage
V
( Vpp ) ( Vpp )

5 - 4.4V
1 5V 4.40V
=0.6V

10 – 9.3V
2 10V 9.30V
=0.7V

15 – 14.25V
3 15V 14.25V
=0.75V

20 – 19.25V
4 20V 19.25V
=0.75V

Table 1. (10 marks)

DISCUSION:
1. Does the output voltage across the resistor match the input voltage in the positive domain? Explain why?
(4 marks)

Whether the output voltage across the resistor and does not match the input voltage in the positive domain.
This is Because the input voltage is 5V and the output voltage is 4.4V, the difference is 0.6V. The inflection
point voltage of silicon is 0.7V, and the inflection point voltage of germanium is 0.3V, so the diode here is
made of silicon. The forward voltage drop of the diode is 0.6-0.8V, so the output voltage will be reduced by
about 0.6-0.8V In half wave rectification, either the positive half of the AC wave is passed, while the other
half is blocked. Because only one half of the input waveform reaches the output, it is very inefficient if used
for power transfer.

2. Explain what happen if diode is connect in reverse biased condition?

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(2 marks)

CONCLUSION: (4 marks)
PRACTICAL SKILL ASSESSMENT ( PLO5/ CLO2P )

PRACTICAL WORK 2 : HALF WAVE RECTIFIER

NAME : _________________________________________ REGISTRATION NO. : __________________

Practical Poor (1) Satisfactory (2) Good (3) Excellent (4) Score
Assessment

Basic Students are almost Students are able to Students are able to Students are able to
Components: unable to identify identify some identify some, but identify every
any component of a components in a not all, components component in a circuit
Recognize the circuit, even with in a circuit with accurately without
circuit with full
basic components assistance. minimum assistance.
assistance.
used in assistance.
electronics.

(x4)
Names and Students are almost Students are able to Students are able to Students are able to
Schematic unable to complete complete some of the complete some of the follow step by step
any of the following with errors, following but not all, instructions, read and
Symbols: following, even with or can't complete the can complete them all interpret schematic
Follow and assistance: Follow following with full but with errors, or diagrams, and
understand step by step assistance: Follow can't complete the construct a circuit
instructions, read step by step following with based on the
electronic
and interpret instructions, read and minimum assistance: diagrams with all the
assembly and schematic interpret schematic Follow step by step components installed
schematic diagrams, and diagrams, and instructions, read and in the right place,
diagrams construct a circuit construct a circuit interpret schematic without any errors,
based on the based on the diagrams, and and without any
diagrams with all diagrams with all the construct a circuit assistance.
(x 6)
the components components installed based on the
installed in the right in the right place. diagrams with all the
place. components installed
in the right place.

Simulation setting: Students are almost Students are able to Students are able to Students are able to
Student able to set unable to set all the set the simulation set the simulation set all the simulation
simulation settings simulation settings settings with full settings but not all settings correctly and
even with assistance. assistance. with minimum effectively without
correctly. (x 6)
assistance. any assistance.
Waveforms : Students are almost Students are able Students are able Students are able
Student able to unable to produce to produce the to produce the to produce the
the waveform even waveform with waveform with waveform
produce the with assistance. full assistance minimum correctly without
waveform with assistance assistance
correct axis labels
and values.

(x 4)

Total Score For Practical Assessment

/
80
Results

/
10
Questions

/6

Conclusion

/4

TOTAL MARKS

/1
00