TOPIC 7: RESPIRATION, MUSCLES AND THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

Chapter 7C: Control of the internal environment

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
1 B 2 and 3 only (1) (1)
(Total for Question 1 = 1 mark)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
2 C (1) (1)
(Total for Question 2 = 1 mark)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

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3(a) posterior (pituitary) (1) (1)
3(b)  Receptor molecule on surface membrane of target cell has (2)
complementary shape (1)
 to ADH molecule. (1)
3(c) cAMP/cyclic adenosine monophosphate (1) (1)
3(d) adenyl cyclise (1) (1)
3(e) Two from: (2)
 Important to have correct concentration of electrolytes for
nerve and muscle function (1)
 Important to have correct water potential to prevent cells
absorbing too much water and rupturing, or shrinking due

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 to loss of water (by osmosis) (1)
 Enzyme-controlled reactions/metabolic reactions cannot
take place if not enough water in cell cytoplasm (1)
 Too little/too much water will alter blood pressure (1)

3(f)  Steroid hormones are lipid soluble/are lipids (1) (2)

 so can dissolve in lipid (bi)layer of cell surface membrane.
(1)
3(g)  to reabsorb more water from the filtrate back into the blood (2)
(1)
 and conserve water/reference to water being scarce in their
environment (1)
(Total for Question 3 = 11 marks)

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Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
number
4 Seven from: (7)
 Hypothalamus detects increased temperature of blood
flowing through it (1)
 Blood is warmer due to excess heat generated by extra
respiration in muscles (1)
 Triggers physiological responses (1)
 Increased sweating (1)
 More heat lost from body/blood/skin by evaporation (1)
 Increased vasodilation (1)
 In arteriole/shunt vessel (1)
 More blood flows through skin capillaries (1)
 More heat lost by radiation (1)
(Total for Question 4 = 7 marks)

TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 20 MARKS

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Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. This document may have been altered from the original.