FACULTY OF SPORTS SCIENCE AND RECREATION

ACQUISITION OF HUMAN MOVEMENT SKILLS

(SPS465)

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

PREPARED BY:

NAME OF STUDENT STUDENT ID

SITI MARZIYANI SYAHIDA BT KHAIRUL PATAH 2020831148

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

BIL CONTENT PAGE

1.0 Introduction 2

2.0 History sport race walk 3

3.0 Rules and Regulation 4

4.0 Race walking technique 7

5.0 Evolution old and now race walk 10

6.0 Conclusion 11

7.0 References 12

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Malaysian game was conceptualized by the honorable Dato Seri Anwar Ibrahim,
minister of Culture, Youth and Sports in 1983. The suggested reason is that public games will
help improve the quality of sports, contains offspring and empowers competitors' investments
at the state level in sports, improve the implementation of representation, promoting the
development of a new gaming office is like updating a state-of-the-art office and fostering a
sense of public participation among Malaysian groups. Initially, the main Games were
proposed to be held from August 15 to September 2, 1985 and consisted of only 6 games
such as tennis, ping pong, bicycles, sports and volleyball. However, other proposals to
include more sports have been suggested by the general public and recognized by the
Malaysian Negera Sports Council which has chosen to hold regular sports competitions
beginning in 1986 and related to Southeast Asian sports.

Malaysia's main game was held in Kuala Lumpur on April 19-26, 1986, accompanied by
3849 players from 13 Malaysian states, the Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory, the University
of Malaysia Sports Council (MASUM), the Malaysian royal police and the Malaysian Army
(ATM). The third Malaysian game was held in Sarawak in 1990, making it the first time in
the state and the first in East Malaysia.

At the sixth Malaysian Games in Pahang in 1996, Brunei, Labuan and the Malaysian
School Sports Committee appeared, while the Malaysian Army stopped participating in the
competition and the new Northerm Terriory Australia took part in the ninth Malaysian Games
in Sabah in 2002. At the tenth Malaysian Games in 2004 in the State of Nine, both the School
Sports and the University Sports Council stopped participating in the competition. At the
eleventh Malaysian Games in 2006 in Kedah, both Kuala Lumpur and Labuan groups joined
the Federal Territory following the consolidation of the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur,
Putrajaya and Labuan while the Police participated in the competition for the last time.

The choice was made by the National Sports Council on May 27, 2010 to collect games
annually beginning in 2011 with the ultimate goal of creating and democratizing all games in
Malaysia especially sports of choice. The odd year Sporting event is held in Kuala Lumpur
by the Public Games Gathering of Malaysia and covers only sports of choice, while year-
round sports are held in part of the country and include only central games. The odd year
game, however, was canceled by the National Sports Council in 2015, due to the country's

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thick and large sports plan for the Negeria Sports Council to subsidize the unexpected
Malaysian Games each year.

2.0 HISTORY SPORT RACE WALK

Individual leg road racing and professional footwear racing are well-known in the 19th
century. The most famous rider at the time was John Chambers as he was the first to win a
championship at the English amateur foot racing tournament in 1866 which was judged by
the 'fair heel and toe' law. This somewhat vague rule forms the basis of the rules recorded in
the first revision of the British Amateur Sports Association in 1880.

According to the definition of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF)

foot racing is a progressive Step movement, which is unbroken in a foot-to-earth movement
where the touch of the earth must remain at the crossroads of the movement. This is because
in each Step the foot rider must step on and touch the earth before the back foot is lifted from
the earth.

Walking can be done on the road or track but track racing especially for 20km and 50km is
no longer popular. This is because it is difficult for a referee to determine justice in fast-paced
long-distance and winding road racing.

The amula ray highway is well-known in the United Kingdom and has now spread rapidly to
other countries. In 1972, the 20km and 50km foot racing events were included in the Olympic
sports program but in 1976 only 20km events were held despite opposition from other
countries. Now the 50km event has become a world tournament event held every year.

On December 10, 1978 Malaysia won its first gold medal in Southeast Asia or better known
as the 11th SEA Games at the Rizal Memorial Stadium, Manila, via a 10 km walk by national
sportsman V.Subramaniam. The medal earned by Subramaniam is the first gold medal after 5
days of sports. He finished 46:45.1 seconds less than the record he held since 1977 at 45:48.1
seconds. The shortcomings in terms of current record are due to intense racing.

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3.0 RULES & REGULATION

The law for walking events is as set out in the handbook set by the Malaysian Amateur Sports
Union (MAAU) as set out in Rule 191 (walking) as follows:

Definition of Foot Racing

Walking racing is a step-by-step step in relation to the earth.

- In each Step taken, the foot of the forward participant must step on the ground before
the back foot is lifted.
- The leg that weighs the body should be kept to keep it straight and not bend the knee
for at least a while when it is upright

Judgment

- Judges appointed in the foot race will elect a chief judge

- All judges will act on their own and the judgment depends on their own research.

Warning

- Participants must be warned by any judge when the walking does not meet the
definition of a race but they do not have the right to receive a second warning from
the judge for the same offense. Once a participant has been warned, the judge must
inform the chief judge of his or her actions.

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 (Kehilagna touches the floor) (bend your knees) (cancellation of
participation)

Cancellation

- When 3 judges are independent of how the progress of the participant fails to comply
with the definition, the participant will be revoked and the dismissal will be notified
by the chief judge.
- Usually a participant has the right to be warned before the event is canceled.
- In the competition either directly controlled by the IAAF or under the IAAF's
permission. Two judges from one country in any case have no authority to cancel.
- Cancellations can be given only after the participant has finished the race if it is not
possible to tell him during the competition.
- A yellow signal with a symbol of error made on both tricks should be shown to the
participant when reprimanding. A red signal indicates the cancellation of a
participant. It was shown by the chief judge to inform them of their cancellation by
the Assistant Chief Justice.
- If the race is to be carried out on the race of a canceled participant must immediately
leave the race if the canceled participant's road must immediately remove the numbers
used and exit the coupling route.
- Each judge's proposal to cancel the participant is called a warning. Participants should
be warned when their pace violates the rules in customer 1 above by showing traces
that do not reach the earth or bend their knees at any time.
- A warning board should be located on the route and near the finish line to inform
participants of the number of alerts given to each participant.

Fresh Drink Station

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 - The right fresh water and drinks can be found at the start and finish points for the
running event.
- For all events on a race or road, the drink station should be located every 2km or 3km.

4.0 RACE WALKING TECHNIQUES

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Feet Condition When Moving

The ideal condition for the foot is to walk on a straight line, the extremities always head
forward with the ain car able to maintain power in the same direction, reduce the number of
Steps and increase speed and coals. This is helped by the softness of the waist to get a more
organized and orderly Step.

Kneel

Kneel slightly bent When the heel touches the ground, especially in the 'longer', 'slower
races'. However the knee must be straight to the bottom of the body to prevent any errors. At
the same time the heel hits the ground.

The rider does strength and adds softness to the 'hamstring' and the back of the knee with
Exercise and stretching. The back pressure of the knee and the upper arm opposite the waist
cause the rider to become tired of using force at the beginning of the race. Therefore, riders
have trouble adjusting uniformly in the race. Riders are advised to do warm-up activities
before the competition for at least 45 minutes in the event of cramps.

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Waist

A good round or waistband not only achieves a good Step and adds a spacing without going
too far. The desired waist is made with a round in both horizontal and vertical directions.
Most of the rounds involve horinzontal or forward vertical rounds often called 'hip drop' only
made 1/3 of the horizontal.

One of the most effective and simple methods for building the right and perfect waist is to
walk straight in one line. While doing so, extend the Step with the right foot cross and
continue to step on the left side of the line and then turn to the left foot. With car aki The
rider can show off his feet to support the waist after touching the ground.

Shoulder And Waist

The hands and shoulders work simultaneously with the legs and waist. The work is done by
the shoulders and transferred to the waist, making it hang on to each other. Hands help for
future movement. This power is obtained by the association of lowering the shoulder to
balance the opposite hip fall. Good shoulder rotation in shape by keeping the elbows down,
especially When the shoulders in front of the body. The hand takes the task to maintain the
speed of the foot. The hand is swung at a 90 degree angle to gain more power.

The elbow should also be maintained almost on the body unlike 'chiken-winging'. The front
of the hand is waving but the hand cannot pass through the center of the body. Riders should
focus on being uniform so that the body and hands are comfortable to save and gain energy.

Phases In Race Walk

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In the foot race there are four phases that each rider passes:

i- Phase two support

ii- Attraction phase

iii- Rest phase

iv- The push phase

In this phase two support, the time taken is short where both feet reach the ground and at the
same time both feet should be in straightforward action. Its position is at the end of the push
phase and at the beginning of the pull phase. In this phase the rider should make a strong
torsion to the shoulder as well as the hip

Next is the pull phase, after doing two supports then the pull phase begins, the strength lies
on the front foot with the dirian on the heel. The back leg is pulled in front with the help of a
waist and shoulder. This phase is fully calculated when the entire weight has moved on the
support leg, the front leg. Grind the back foot with the help of a waist and the shoulder will
give the rider a leap.

Once complete the pull phase, there is one intermediate phase before the push phase is the
break phase. In this phase the whole weight is above the support leg and the waist position is
on the vertical plane from the surface of the earth. The shoulders and arms are in a position
that is parallel to the sides of the body.

The end of the push phase is calculated when the center of gravity begins to release the foot
supporting the weight of the rider. The leg that has missed the pull phase and supported the
weight of the rider will play a role in boosting, while the pulled leg will act as a
counterweight. This phase is fully calculated when the pulled leg begins to reach the heel
surface.

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5.0 EVOLUTION OLD AND NOW RACE WALK

The COVID 19 pandemic that hit the world Today has had an impact on the psychology of
athletes. National Sports Institute (ISN) Sports Psychology Officer Philip Lew said based on
a study conducted by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), 50% of 4,089 international
athletes who have been questioned say it is difficult to motivate them to run sports more
effectively. The uncertainties such as the holding and cancellation of the tournament have a
significant impact on athletes in the face of psychology.

Many national athletes are also affected by the government's decision to implement the
Movement Friendly Order (MCO) . This is because the increasing number of positive cases
in Malaysia is increasing day by day. This also affects the foot racing athlete as he cannot do
the Training as usual. Narrow home schooling makes foot athletes unable to perform Training
due to limited gear movement.

So today, footwear athletes only do muscle sting to keep their muscles tight when the covid
19 pendemic ends. Engagement in Training 20km & 50km of walking is not possible due to
MCO.

Prior to the implementation of the MCO the footpath athletes performed various forms of
Training such as 20km, climbing hills and so on to apply stamina to their bodies. It is also
possible to strengthen the muscles in the leg so that when the day comes the match does not
feel too tired during the match. These exercises give the athlete a more enthusiastic foot in
participating in the upcoming tournament.

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6.0 CONCLUSION

Overall, walking sports is a sport that is not easy to follow but by studying the Techniques
and the right way this sport can be categorized in simple sports words. These techniques are
very easy for many layers of age to follow in the sport of foot racing. every training
conducted by a teacher or coach should be based on what is in the physical fitness
components. Identifying talent is identifying what should be identified and producing what
should be produced. The findings in this study examine the ways and Techniques of foot
racers and also know how to do them.

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7.0 REFERECES
1) http://www.e-jasm.jp/docs/aasm/asmr01.pdf#page=22
2) https://www.athleticscholarships.net/athletics-race-walking.htm
3) https://www.bharian.com.my/sukan/lain-lain/2020/10/748497/pandemik-covid-
19-turut-beri-kesan-kepada-atlet
4) http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/8395/1/8395-Bissas-%282013%29-Kinematic-
characteristics-of-elite-mens-50-km-race-walking.pdf
5) http://eranatasharobert.blogspot.com/2014/12/lumba-jalan-kaki-pengenalan-
lumba-jalan.html
6) https://olympics.com/en/news/all-you-need-to-know-about-race-walking

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