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~Y-o Ira IA ";J t:" ;J It ff)

FEDERAL NEGARIT GAZETA
OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
(a~{a+;;: f}OO"" -k'PC ?i. 6th Year No. I
hJL{a hnll oo{ah~9" If. 4>, H!f.1~ nn.""f-kof &..Yo~'''lf JLqoh~'(}ooflf ~T11t\.h ADDIS ABABA - 24tllSept. 1999
f,01111+lDl1f-:f 9"hc n."" m'lct.,,,,, flDfI)

tPJ(JJ«66J. CONTENTS
f"tt{a""c.':f 9uhc n."" o~'11 -k'l'C 2%/n!f.1~ f}.9". Council of Ministers Regulations No. 57/1999
f&..Yo~oA c~C~ n..,.:f mn<f>:Y' f"..., 9""''lC Federal Court Advocates' Code of Conduct
.,;r iii'f.iif.2}; Regulations Page 1156
J'.'11
""""""''''''''''''''''''''''''

f"t~{a:'-c.':f 9"hC n."" J'.'}11 -k'PC 2%/H!f.j~ COUNCIL OF MINISTERS REGULATIONS NO.57/1999
f &..Yo~.A CJ:C~ n..y.:y. m n<f>:ff"..., 9"",'lC J'.'11 COUNCIL OF MINISTERS REGULA nONS TO
PROVIDE FOR THE FEDERAL COURT ADVOCA TESt
f"t~{a""c.':Y' 9"hC n.:" fn.""f-k.f &..Yo~.I\lf JLqoh~.
CODE OF CONDUCT
"".flf ~T11t\.h ",{at_~"t 1',111\,)" "..AfI)'}e; +..,IlC t\OOlD(}'}
These Regulations are issued by the Council of Minis-
i nlDfI)lD- hlf'J.: -k'PC !~/:m~.!t% h'4>;r ?; OOIJ.l~:" f,tJ'}'}
ters pursuant to Article 5 of the Definitions of Powers and
J'.'11 hlD-'P:tA::
Duties of the Executive Organs of the Federal Democratic
ii' h6J!>C C/){a Republic of Ethiopia Proclamation No. 4/1995.
f,tJ f:HI "f &..Yo~.A (~C.~- n..y.:f mn<f>:f f"..., 9"..,IlC 1. Short Title
J'.'}11 flPlo~{a'h~:Y- 9uhc n.:'- f-'11 -k'PC 2%/Hjf.j~" These Regulations may be cited as the' 'Federal Court
+111\" t\.m4>{a f,:fl\A:: Advocates' Code of Conduct Council of Ministers
.
~. f"'-t.~tPJo"')- lD(}' Regulations No. 57/1999."
f,tJ J'.'}11 f &..Yo~.A ~C.~- n.')- f'P11:"e; t.:J>~ n+(}mlD- 2. Scope of Application
ntPJ'};;:lDo9u (}lD- I\f, +to~tPJo f,tfe;A:: These ~egulations shall apply to any person who is
issued with a federal courts' advocacy license.
f.' hm:J>I\f, OOCtJ
tPJ');;:lD-9" m n.p ,o°n t\tPJ{ahnce; CJ:"",o'} t\tPJ{a,,.r..,. 3. General Principle
fCJ:"",o ",{a+~y'~' ftllJl1' ;}I\.c..,"" ht\n"":: tIIJ'};;:lD-lJ" Any advocate shall have the responsibility to assist the
mn:J> fH-t\f,9" t\J'. '}n;;:lDo: t\lbt\,.:f f,o'" OO-.f+"lf:fe; organs of the administration of justice in the effort to
+h~.I1~ lD1lj:f: /tCJ:CY.: n."": /tOO-oflD- 'he; nhm:J>I\f,
promote respect for the law and the attainment of justice.
Any advocate shall, in particular discharge his profes-
t\tJl1~+(}n- .ft\n""'} foo°.f ;}I\"''''''' n:"'}""": n;rtPJ~.,..,.
sional duty to his client, other lawyers and opposing
'h e; n 'hlD-" +;;:.,..,. 00 lDfI)"" h /t n ..,.::
party, the court, his profession, and the society in general
~. J'.,n;;:'} {a/tOO4>nA honestly, faithfully and truthfully.
tPJ'};;:lD-9" m n:J> f,o .., h 1A.., /t,...,. /ttPJ"'l"" f 00 fI) 4. Receiving Clients
J'.'n~'} .,.~f, +4>111\"f"'~~' CJ:1o "1Ce; tPJ{a~7f9':f Any advocate may not handle a case of a client seeking
hoo~oo~ n:\1\ hch~ ,o;Jlf OOlJ.I~""flbt\lD- hrr., .,.~~'} legal service where, after evaluating the facts and the
OO.f11ft\n""9":: tflj9" t\(}mlD- f,o'" 9"hC h1A..,/t,."" evidence, the claim has no legal ground. However, he
+1o.m-'} hCJ:.f +4>111\"J'.'}n;;:m-'} .f(}e;l1;rA:: may collect reasonable fee for the legal advice he had
rendered, and dismiss the client.
.f'~ 'P;J' 4 .,85
Unit Price ~;JtT ;JlI.llJ 7"-..,.41. ititli
Negarit G.P.O.Box 80,001
 .,~. ?ji'(?jK=i'!;~".'~Dt..A '1;1('.:/. ;JII.f/1
'/:'I'C; ?j uoi\ht.9" If:-'''' !uf1ft '}.,... Federal Negarit 9J1~eta- No. I 241hSeptember, 1999-Page 1157

?;. ',1A"1II.":" l\oo{Jm')' t.:p.e.i;: {J"l\oolf,}

5. DecJiningAdvocacy Service
o>n~w-9" mn,cJ> nk/A"lII."')' m,r</: ,e.'}n;;:w- flfDt..A
Any advocate may not decline to render advocacy service
'W~: IH.t.ooom. m'}~(>:A hl1J~:~""lJ 1\{J~tp~~"" mf.9"
on grounds of the moral character of the client, the
IH'h(t(tIH. (I)'}:e>:A'1'''i,'I.i;: ~(I). norz.A
h9"~"" mf.9" serious and heinous nature of the crime committed or the
f,e.'}ni;:m.'} f7'I\";11 : f',.1'1 'iorz.: ftry..,nt..'e mf.9" belief that the client is guilty of the crime charged, or on
flfDt..A i',~':oo''} ,oof}.'I':" ntryy"~'1 f'l'11:"lJ 1\1A'1t\"""
the basis of the client's political, economic, social or
',A(t'1'9" tryt\.} 1\f.:rA9":: moral standings.
't.. h,e.'}n~: ,'lC {Jt\UIJ.,e.I."1m'A 6. Contract with Client
fi. try'g:m'9" mn,cJ> h,e.'}n~:m' .'1C n~.."'lj: f(tt.~ I) Any advocate shall make a clear and written contrac-
"lAX' fm'A {J9"9"H' t\.t.~9" f.111A:: tual agreement with his client. The contract shall
m'I\'9"
f'l.tptpf''.}'',} {J9": kr.:t..i'i: f1\1A"It\"1:,} '}f.Fh include the names of the parties, address, type of
fm'hAc,' (~J!.~:"(; aIJm'}: fk/A"lII.""" service, type and scope of representation, the amount
h't:,rw-'}
oom'}: h't:.rm. fUIJ.m(t'}fl.}'} of fee, way of computation, mode and time of
P'A""lJ f1\h4.t.I\',}
P'C(~')'lJ foohc":,r(l)"} payment of the fee, and such other information as
VI. ~,'}-'tU-9" "'t\"':f
1\{JtA'l oo~~9':1"'} f,ru f.lflJA:: necessary.
2) An agreement restricting or totally avoiding the civil
~. ','}J'.' mfl,cJ> t\,e.,}fl~:m. f'lllm''} foo'.r 1\1A'1t\":,,
liability of the advocate due to the advocate's failure
fl',"IIIO' llt\tryflCh,,: 9"h'}.r,} fUIJ.'iCfl""'} f't:""..h
to reHder proper service to his client shall be of no
'fl..,..c :""t.H. fUIJ.p'}{J mf.9" forz..r{Jpc
tp .'1 fl\m'9":: {J9"9"~"" effect.
7. Type of Service and Scope of Representation
%. fk/A"lII.""" (~f.~')'lJ fm'hAc; Dvm'} I) An Advocate shall have the obligation, after
?i' O>/'F' .,.~" mll.cJ> f,e. '}fl~m''} 'I'.&;f. 't:1.. ~1ClJ evaluating the facts and evidences of the case, to
0>1{J, ..f9J:}". haIJ I.CIDI. n:..." fl.-"h'1 oolP ~..,. assist his client reach on the proper decision by
fl1-'&;f..
t\.'/:~ ftry,:}".t\lD"} m'm,')' mf.9" 1\tryt.;6J!> w-m.y.':f giving him explanation based on the law as to the
~,,}.I;.lJ'9" ".t."'l(l)"} m'm:" t\try'1'r..,.
possible result or alternative results of the matter,
f.'}fl~w-
1\m ILcJ>m. t\. (tm (I). fUIJ. (I).'} and the type and scope of representation that must be
'I'I f (I)'h A lJ '} J!.~""lJ
ClDm'} nO>/{JI.?,')' assumed to obtain the desired result.
tH"IIl.m. m'l)>> "f. h '}-'tf.C{J
fClPC?,')' "I,<'..;J' ',t\IH.::
2) The advocate shall respect the decision of the client
~. ,e:}ni;:m. hmll.cJ>m' IH.(tmm. made on the basis of the advice given by the advocate
f.-"h'1 9"hC I\f. as long as the decision does not violate the law and
"'CIP{JC'Y' fO>I,(tm(l)' m'l)>> ..'h"nc,' f.U'} f. '}11
these regulations. He shall, in particular, respect the
f"?,r,'I'{J ~,{Jhln .r.:I.{J mll,cJ>m. ftryhflC '1f...+
decision made by the client to solve the matter by
',t\II:I-:: 1I+t\J',9" 'I',~f..
fl"/A"/A h'}-'t.rA:" settlement.
.e:}IIi;:m. hm(t~ mll.cJ>m. m'l)>>m.'} tryhnc 1\t\II"":: 3) When the assistance required or service requested by
t. .e:}ni;:(I). fOl/.t.A (I). f6c.V,;J' mf.9" the client is in violation of these regulations or other
'I f1\1A'1t\"""
'I'Y": ,r,U'} f P'~ 9""IIIC ,e:HI mf.9" law, the advocate shall explain the reason why he can
"'1\ .-"h"1fUIJ.'I'{J
tun mll:l'{IJ. ,,'/A"lII."":'} t\.(t,,, f"?f,',f'AIH''} not render service and dismiss the client if the client
9"h'}JJ:', t\.e.,}II~:(I). O>I{J~.v,'}lJ ,e.'}n~m. fails to make corrections based on the advice given.
9"tH.'} 4) The advocate shall provide the client with the
"'4"f"''' fOl/,r{J".11hA tun try(tlJII"" 1\t\Ii""::
;i. ,e.,}II~:{IJ. relevant information and assist him reach at the
nm'hA (;(1). ".r, (IJ'I)>>t\oo{Jm"" floot.t\'1
CIDI.~~' IImf4' appropriate decision when the client requests infor-
VI. mILcJ>m. "'1ftW-'} w-I)~
t\oo{Jm:" fOl/..r{J:f.t\,.',.'} CID~~9':}"' ilL,/:"/.11 w-I)>> mation seeking to give decision on the represen-
tation.
"f, ~,}.I;..e.C{J CIDC?"'"',t\n,}::
,n,cJ>,} .rt\w. 8. Rendering Competent Service
~. k/A"lII.":" {Jt\oo{Jm:" I) Any advocate is expected to show a high level of
ji. 0>/,g:w'9" mll.cJ> fltry.(tmm.
f'l'11:"lJ 1\1/:\'1t\""" professional competence and skill in the advocacy
hc,.:".~: f(ID..r :}"'t\,,;J'lJ,n,cJ>,}
tryl)f')' J!.mn:"fl;J-/:\:: service he renders.
~. mn.cJ>(I). .-"h"1flUIJ,t.~',e.w. oo'}.J/.:": 2) An advocate shall have professional obligation,
0) f,e.'}fl~:{IJ.'} CID'IH'lJ within the limits of the law:
'1':"9" t\try{Jhnc
6m'p":lJ frt.. A9",P"'} flP't.. "J!. fUIJtp/:\: (a) to employ his legal knowledge and work
t\) f,e,'}fl~:m''} 'I.J;f. experience to protect the rights and interests of
fl"" .'1:,. fooh,+1-AlJ
',"i.fl}:5lJ c":'}"','e m.Pf» his client;
t\try'1'1"" t\.m(ty.. (b) to follow up his client's case diligently and take
~JUIJ.11Im.'} ~,C9"~ U-t\. fl'l''},cJ><l:lJ
nm:"1: all the necessary measures carefully and timely
fClDtJ~9" oo..r'e "If..,+ 1\t\IH'::
so as to obtain a quick and just decision.
u. 1\{Jt."'l.m.'} oo~~ (Jt\oo{Jm')'
9. Communication
o>n~:m'9" m fl,cJ>',.,ea!. f,e./.I'tfH.'} f.l.'~lJ forz.1~n""'}
Any advocate shall have the obligation to keep informed
u-»;J' nf'lll.m. t\,e:}n~:{IJ. ftryl)m:" '1,e..;J- 1\t\n""::
his client with the stage the case has reached and its
f.'}fl;;:m. CIDI.~'~,,}.I;.(tmm' nmfp
'l1l.9" ',4.fl}~ 9"I\7i status. The client has the right to get a quick response
ftry"1"r,} CID'fl')' ',t\m.:: when he requests for information.
',,,' liia:lir~~~ A.,y.,(,.f:\ ~:J(.'}' :J/Lnr "~'I'r: Ii lID...hl.9" n~ .,., IDf2ff ",,.. Federal Negarit Gazeta - No.1 24thSeptember, 1999-Page 1158

:':- ?Uibn.C 00 m n:"

i'" 10. Confidentiality of Information
;!, tIIJ'g:cu.?U mn,cJ>fY:}()~:m''} ..,I\'e mf.'r ~C~:J''e
I) Any advocate shall have professional obligation to
OOI.:if 1Df.'r nOD',f h1A..,I\-i: 'rtJ'}.f"" n,,:(
keep in secret the personal or organizational infor-
f1'lm.'} tIIJ'}~m'')'r 1\.1\OOI.~ n'rilcn.C foomn:"
OD',f«Poo,~:J' hl\n'}'::
mation of his client or any other information he
~, 1I1n,cJ>m' nlD-tJA'im. ?utJ'},f"" h~'}n~m' f"'(1
obtained in the course of his professional service.
2) The advocate may not, without the consent of the
mm.'} OOI.~ "lj U8n~:m''}'r 1\.1\ OOI.~ h~'}n~m'
client, reveal information relating to his power of
t.,cJ>,f: ",f1;~ I\."A~' hf.:fA'r::
representation and any other informatibn.
!:. fmll,cJ> ?Uilcn.C foomn:" OD',f'£ °'1..:1' n"c""lj 3) The obligation of professional confidentiality of an
nY:}n~:m' oo\1hA f.,nl.lD- fiP/.. m'A noo*l.m- advocate may not cease because of termination of
?uto ,f'}' "'t. I\.tr'} t,f!,',}"A?u:: the contract with the client.
:(;!. ?"ilcn.C ill\"7. 11\~'fH' ,J.).:" II. Condition of Disclosure
ID- II. .,m.
f t, '}<I'~' :r:,f.:'}:11. ~ '}.(".'hn II.,. trtj ~ m n.cJ> Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 1O, an
"'1
,nl\- (I.,f?u') nOD',f iP /..m' h;JtlJ"'l. n,,:( f1C}1D-'}ODI.~ advocate may, when he reasonably believes ap-
n"7.h"'I\"r 'rtJ'},f'Y.:1' "'}Y.hilLI\1..,i: oom'} 1\.1A~ propriate, reveal to the extent necessary the information
f!,:fl\A: he obtained in the course of his professional duties, in
;!, hY:}n~;'m' ,f1')'m. OOI.~ I\.,.mhl\n..,. iP /.. the following cases:
hilt.l\'L fUr., 'LII.: I) when the information he obtained from the client is
~. hy:}()e;:m';JC hctJc nOlJ.Lmcn..,. 'UL /..(a-'} necessary for the task he is represented;
I\t'lDhl\hA 1Df!,?" oo,,"':'} l\"7ilhnc: 2) to defend himself or claim his interests in a
J:. fm.hA'i iPAnn.'} f"'OOl\h'" tJctJc ,,,: mf,'r controversy with the client;
!!, ~nO' nl\.1\ lJ.).:,. 3) when a controversy arises concerning his power of
nO'A~' ftlJl\n""'} ..,Yco:J'
1\ CID m flJ:":: representation; or
4) to perform his obligations as expressly provided
:r:~. f'I':"?U O,61!"r otherwise by law.
tIIJ'}~:m'?U mfLcJ> fM.(I,'i nY.'}n~1D- mf.'r fU,ooP.:r:lj
12. Conflict of Interests
nY.'}ne;:cu. mf!,?" n1it.l1:tilj n~'}n~m' Wf.'r nll-I\""
Any advocate may not enter into a contract to render
f.'}n~:': clD\1hA f'l':"?U O,61!''''' ootj~') ",fm'" fOO-,f
professional service when he knows that there exists
h',Ao,f\":,' I\OOilm:" t"1D'P'PA hf.~A'r:: f'l':"9"
conflict of interests between the client and himself, or
O,61!"} ClDr:.;.f:"m.,.m. h1Ao,I\-i: h"':~ool. n:\1\ htr.,
between his relatives and his client, or between his
y,'C». I\.l'.')n~:m' t,ill.,f."Y' h1A..,I\-i:'} tIIJ*I.'I'
partners and his client, or between his clients. When the
t,f\fH':: existence of contlict of interests has been discovered
h"'.f.:tf" J':}n~: ,'JC ill\tIIJ.r:c f'l':"'r after the service had already begun the advocate shall
H:' "'61."""
explain the matter to his client and terminate the service.
;!. U8rg:cu.?U mn,cJ> tULU "'~'r f'l',n:"lj h1A..,f\-:"
h(lmn:,' ',.P.Y, my,?" hf.'}n~m' 'I':"?U ;JC 13. . Conflict ofInterests with Fonner Client
ntT'I.~I.<. tn.?'f. .n; On')'..,..,. '11\:t:1D-I\.I\-~ .,.?'r-~ "I) Any advocate who has formerly rendered legal
"f!, h.,..f.'qo Y.'}ne;:m. ;JC ",oo\1tJc." f~,h-CJ: L,cJ>~ service in a matter or related other matters may not
\1"'f)' nil."",c I\h?'.il Y.'}n~ f'l"f):"lj h1A..,I\-"" represent on the same matter a new client whose
1\.(1'1' hf!,':;'A?u:: interests are adverse to the former client unless the
~, U8ne;:m.'r mn,cJ> hJLU .,.f.'r f.(I/..f)"" f'1nl.lD- former client consents, after consultation, in
f'I',n:"',' h1Ao,f\"'}' .f.'C~"" f'l'11:t>lj h1A..,I\..."" writing.
h(lmcu, ,t'.')ne;: 'I':"?U ,n; f"7.~I.C '1':"9" "I\ID-lj 2) Any advocate may not represent a new client whose
ill\.l':}ne;:m.?U CIDI.~ '11'rtH. 'J.?,f!, h"'~qo interests are adverse to a client to whom the firm,
f,f:C:~:'J: y:}ne;: :JC ,"t"ID\1tJc."f~~h.lj: t.:1' ~ \11\11 with which the advocate was formerly associated,
nil'J,oN; t\h?,.(I. Y.'}ne;: m. f'l'11:"lj h1 A ..,1\-:" had previously rendered legal service and about
whom the advocate had acquired any information,
1\.(I~r J,f!,:1'A?u::
unless the former client consents after consultation,
I!! ' nmn,cJ>ti nY.'}n~ oo\1hA f"7.L~OO- ID-I\-~ in writing.
tIIJ'}~:m'?U mn,cJ> hY.'}n~:m' ;JC tllJlj¥w.'}'r ID-A
14. Contracts Between Advocate and Client
I\. tptpA f"7.":j'l\m. tULu n:"~ f"'fll.fI~"" ll-).:1'''~
Any advocate may not enter into, with the client, any
h"'~".I\' ,n:F .,m.: contract unkss the following conditions are fulfilled:
;!, nmfLcJ>m.lj ny.')ne;:m. oo\1hA f"7.f.1.1m' ID-A I) the contract between the advocate and the client is
hm:"'J:lj hll-).:,.,,',1' h ').,C "'10S 'rtJ') ,f:1''e proper and reasonable in view of the time and the
(I..,,,) :
situations;
~, 1I1n,cJ>m'fil?U?u",,,:,:,) OOilt.C.,.":j'lj fm'I\-'} '}f!,""" 2) the advocate clearly explains to the client the terms
I\y:}ne;:w. nOIA~' ,fill.P.m' tu'" : wf!,9" of the agreement and type of the contract; or
!:' Y.'}nc;:m. nm'I\' I\Y, hl\.1\ (1m. ;JC ",oo\1tJc." 3) the client consents in writing to the agreement after
il?U?U"'J:') n~ rh.C': ,fOf.'" ""tr'}:: consultation with another person.
"~. ji"':liy':;u A.,y"I..A ~;J~'}' ,7'1.'" "1'1": Ii ouithl.?" n: ,,., :WY.~H(
~.?". Federal Negarit Gazeta - No.1 241hSeptember, 1999-Page 1159

H';' hY. ')n;;: ill\lP/.Y.I.'" ill":}'''' )"IIL 15. Gifts and Wills by Client
1II/')~w'9u IIln.cJ>Y.')n;;:w. nooAtt9" 4.,cJ>~ fD?,f1.C:'" Any advocate may accept a gift of considerable value or
1\,"'') )"IIL w~9" hc.:".;;: 'P;J ,fI\W'; ill";J- l\..,.nA a will made to him by his client's free will only when the
fD?":j'I\W' 1.J;f. n~,h.lj: hlr)c," ~C:1.1: n"?LK9"n"" matter is in writing, and the advocate ascertains that the
'UL Y.')n;;:w. '''10.W' f9"hc: 1\1A",I\""" f.,.l1I1lm-c," client had been represented by an independent advocate
ill\~'C:'l":9u w'm.'}' h"I\A"'~ IIln,cJ> f.,.l.J; oolr).') and given the proper advice concerning the consequen-
ttl.;J111l ,ny: .,w.:: ces of his act.
I'k nllln.+c," n1. ')n~ ootthA ill\"?1.I.'" 'f1~'C: 16. Loans Between Advocate and Client
1II/')~w'9u IIln,cJ> hY.')n;;:w. 1')1I1I1\.f11.C: W~9" 1\1.')
Any advocate may not lend money to, or borrow money
n~w' 1'}""1I\.,ffH!.:C: 1\~"}"A9":: from his dient.
If.' IIlfl.cJ>1i~h fllrHH. f'}"IJ.~' J':C~"" ill\D?l1l1lw' f9"hc:
17. Consultancy Service of an Advocate with Partnership in
k,A..,I\":,'
a Business Organization
1II/')~w'9u IIln.cJ> 1i~h IlInn"" f,)"'~' ~'C:~"" m-il1'
Any advocate who is a partner in a business or-
1\1I1.cJ>I\,l'.f,)"'~' ~'C~":') w~9" V'il"'~ w1'i"f')
ganization may render advice regarding the business
n",ool\h'" f9"h(: 1\1A"II\"""l\ooillll"" ,l'."fl\A; Ir'i9"
organization in general or third parties; he may not,
/'.l1',) nlll/.ool\h"" f .f.:C:~'1: ".J;~ I\,l'. f9"hc: 1\1A ..,1\"""
however, render advice in the matter of the organization
I\ooillll:" 1\,l'."fA9u::
regarding himself.
foo')",,,,,,}, IP/'..,.;;: f.,nl. IIln.+
I~~' 18. Advocate who Fonnerly was a Civil Servant
Ii' lII/'g:w.9" h'lU "'Y.9u foo')..,,,.,"" IP/,."'~ w,l'.9"
I) Any advocate who formerly was a public employee
'1I\p'/'\II]') f'lnl.lIln.cJ> n"''I';J- nwl1"'1TW' w~9"
or officer may not render professional service to a
n'I'A .,..}. n"'''''''4.'Fr:w' ,.J;f-":j. I\,l'. h.,. ~'JP
client in matters on which he passed decisions
t,I#'~ID' .'JC "'clPtth{~ f~',h-CJ: 4..+1.: ttA,,.l1l1lw,
directly or participated in substantially unless he
nil'I"N: 1\1\')~. Y.')n;;: foo.,f 1\1A ..,1\""" ooillll""
1\,l'."}"A 9u::
obtains the written consent of the former employer
!{. ;,..., n"'A~' ttA4."'Y. nil.,..,.c: foo')..,,.."" after consultation.
IP/,..,.;;:
lD~9u '11\,..AII)'} n)nl.n"" 'UL 1\,)~,) ..,1\l111 2) Unless otherwise provided by law, an advocate who
I)-I'CIP1\h." OOl.iT ,fin' IIln.cJ> ool.jfw. hD?OOI\ has acquired information about a person while he
was a public employee or officer may not represent a
h''''D' l1w' 1'''''9u .'JC flll/.KI.C '1'''''9'' I\1\m- l1m-
f,,'.n""c," 1\1A"'I\"'}' 1\.l1'" 1\~":j'A9":: client whose interests are adverse to that person of
whom the information is about.
IV.' J;;;: w~9u f1i9°..,Ar,' J;;;: ID~9" 1\il:J-/,.~
OI/1;;:w'9u IIln.cJ>"'Y.9U l1.A nJ;~""" W~9" 1\,)~',) 19. Fonner Judge or Arbitrator or Conciliator
Ii'
a'1') noowhA "'~rr') n1I\A"'~"'''' n1i9"..,Ac," I) In no case may any advocate render advocacy
J;~".}. f.,.tt4.l\n""') W~9° n1\il;J-/,.~.,..,. w,l'.9" service in a matter in which he had participated as a
n;,.", .,.J;~ 0,114,., .}. f"''''.,.Ln''''') ,.J;~ nOl/.oo judge or arbitrator or conciliator.
I\h'}' nlll/c,"Tw'9° 0.»:J- 0.11'') f'l'1I""c," 1\1A..,I\""" 2) Any advocate may not negotiate for employment
1\.l1'I' 1\~"fA9°:: with any person who was a party or a lawyer in a
!{. 1II/');;:w,9" IIln.cJ> n~~.,,,,, : n1i9"..,Ac," J;~""" : matter in which he had served as a judge, arbitrator,
n1\il:J-/',~"'r: n;,.'" 1.J;~ OthL.,,,,, w,l'.9" n.,.oo conciliator, legal clerk or similar other position.
.,..,. w..,...,. nllv- 3) A legal firm in which an advocate disqualified by
"''''f. :~I\4. nlP/.I#'/'.n"" ,.J;,l'.
,f.ttoi.f,.f-tf., '11\"'~f. W~9" f;".., I1I\OO-,f nlP/,.", sub-article (1) of this article is a member may
;;:.,.}. ~')Jt.,.1'l.w'I\.Y./'.1.C 1\~"fA9":: continue representation, through another advocate,
;:. lULU1\,)"'~ ')CJ-il1\,)"'~ (Ii) f.,.hl\hl\ 11111.+1\I1A in a matter in which the member advocate is
flr'lfH' f'l'''1''''c,'' 1\1A",I\""" ~C~"" IIln.+m- 1\1A prohibited if:
"'I\"'}' ~ ,)J;~l1'1' n'f'hl\hl\n"" ,.J;,l'. I\~ nl\.I\ IIln.+ (a) the disqualified advocate is screened from any
1\OI/tt~~.,..,. 1\1A..,I\"'''' 1\.l11' f"?"fl\m-I participation in the matter and is apportioned no
0) f'''hl\hl\w' IIln.+ n,.J;f. I\~ 9"')9" ~,l'.""" part of the fee therefrom;
"'''''rC;:c,'' h1\1A..,I\""" hCJ:,fm-9" ~c7j ~,)J;,l'. (b) Written notice is promptly given to the ap-
h,,, 1.1..,:
'i I.W' propriate body which handled the case as
1\) lULU 1\,)"'~ ')o.il 1\,)"'~ (Ii) I\",ool\h.,.m- indicated by sub-article (I) of this article to
".J;f.') I\fw. 1\ttA ~U 1.')11 1\1\001l]l1-,) ~')"l,fl.
enable it ascertain compliance with the
;)"''1' ~Y.I..., II'}J': '''10.m- f~,h-CJ: lII/il:J-w7j provisions of the;e regulations.
na''''',,: f"'I\hl\'}' hll'''::
20. Working as Conciliator
?). f1\il:J'/,.,~""" ,../,. oo".,/,..}.
I) Any advocate may act as a conciliator between
1II/');;:w,9" IIln.+ tUlU fD?h,,'I\-""') ~,):J'l.9'"f
Ii' clients in accordance with the following provisions,
nooh"'A nv-I\"" Y.')n7f"f ootthA n1\il;J-/,.~.,..,.
if:
I\.I#'/'. ,l'.":j'I\A:
i .,~. lij'i.iif.:!~Ly../..t:\ ~:J(.'1':JlL/., ":'I'C ii ooithl.9" H: ,,., Iilf:f!! '}.9". Federal Negarit Gazeta - No.1 241hSeptember, 1999-Page 1160

u) m.1.cJ>(O. tN\')' f.1n~~1 /\"'Iil:J'l.:" (a) the advocate explains the implications of the
£10""(...,: V"'I.'i 1.(0-1 "11:'r:J': 'I':"'r'l common representation, including the advan-
"'P"':1 I.1J.9"r: tJill.P,:t:(O. n"1\ u-/\ i:'r tages and disadvantages involved, and both
Y.1n1f";f' nmn,cJ>(O. "il:J'(..-t.,:,. Vi-il"'lOO- clients consent to the conciliation;
f1.I"1 : (b) the advocate reasonably believes that the matter
/\) nmn,cJ>(O."'I.W,''C o''r:'' ,.P,," hu-/\i: lD1'i~
can be resolved on terms compatible with the
'1':"9" :JC 'l-I.tlJtlJoP U-~:J- f,t._:J'A 11/\" clients' best interests, especially that each client
f1.,f'r1: .1-I'/\f,9" ~,f1P'1~ f.1n~ n1-p'," I\f,
will be able to make adequate decisions in the
,",,1':Jn. (O.,~). /\£lDitm:" f,~I\A 11/\" l1.1'rT:
matter;
"It) ".P'f. n~c:" taf,t..:" n..,.c nv:"~(O''r lD11
(c) there is no substantial harm likely to happen to
'1':"9" I\f,
"IDI#'I.:"'C VI'" ".P,:" f,Y.C"A
the int~rests of any of the clients if the contem-
".,nl\" VU'/f,mn:" f1_lr1: ~'
oP) 11./\.,:1 Y:)n?'~:':1 n;J(.. VoP(Oh/\-1 ;}I\k":" plated resolution is unsuccessful; and
(d) the advocate ensures that the common represen-
n1/\A1':~":" /\oPlDtlJ:" V"'I::;./.\' V""~(O''r
lIJ'11 I\~ "",n. ,fAir., ,"'t~'i f"'l,f"1:C tation can be undertaken impartially and
oPtr~1 f1..fl.:Jo"I':: without improper effect on either party.
!(, "'I'g:(O'9u mn,cJ> f"il:,.(..-t.,..,. "1Ao,I\"T nfll/.f1 2) while acting as a conciliator, any advocate shall
'1"1.'1' 'I.IL h~,f1P'1.v,. Y.1n~ ;JC f"'l.Y.l.ilnT1 consult with each client concerning the decisions to
(Do''''1 noPoPtJhc },'i n',.p,f. I\f, (O'~). /\oPilm"" be made and explain the considerations relevant in
f"'l.O~-')'1 -1:9u "'l(~"}" ntlD-/\- ~ 1-\1" IIn- n"'l1:I..., making them, to help each client make complete and
~,f')p'1~ y:)n;;: v".o,".1\"'" "1f';JO. (0'''1 ~1-\f1'1' adequate decisions.
oPcP,')- It/\n')':: 3) An advocate shall withdraw as a conciliator when
t. 0'/1;;:(O'9u mn,cJ> hy:)n1f:t: "1~ f"il:'.(..-t.,:,. any of the clients so requests, or if any of the
"',Ao,I\",':1 ~1-\,f*CIf' nmf.,. 'I.IL (Of,'r n1o-il conditions under sub-article( I) is not satisfied. He
"1"''''' (li) h'''oP/\h'':')' u-~:"9".f' "1~ 1 oP":/.1\:" may, after withdrawal, not represent any of the
'1A:':/\ 'I.IL V"il:"(.'-':"')- "1Ao1i\"i:1 ,f1:CtlJA:: parties on the matter.
(O-tlA'i'(O-1 hMI:I.m9u 0"1\ 'lIl,f(O' 1-P,f, I\f,
/\"'I')~(O'9" llJ"l1 V'I',n:"' "1A..,/\":" /\oPilmT 21. Advocate to an Organization
"f,"1'A 9U:: I) An advocate representing an organization renders
service acting through the duly authorized in-
t)'l!' /\1:CJ:')' mn.cJ> il/\£IDI1")
dividuals in accordance with the rules of the or-
ii' /\"1,r.' .r.'c:~')' Vmn.cJ> ""Ao,I\""" f"'l.f1mlD' ganization.
ny.:c:~'1: Y.1,n £101#'1.')' "o"N1 ,fl\TlD'1 fY.'C
2) If an advocate on the course of representing an
:~":') V"., (.. :"I\&,~)"}"}"f"'lhl. ~Ir'l A::
organization believes that an officer, employee of the
i{. "'I')~:(O'9u mn.cJ> Vy"cJ:'J: ".(OtJf, Ir'i nfll/.IP(..n:"
organization or other person associated with the
(0:"')' V.t~:c:~:.,: '1/\"" AtlJ1 : ","'tlJt. lDf,'r
organization is engaged in an action or refuses to act
hY.'C:~'J: ;JC ""1 '1t. 1I'''i'r f"'l.IP(.. 1\.1\ f1(Do
.r.'C:~":1 n..n" (1)'1''':'' i\.,filmf,:" n"'l.~A u-~:" in a manner that would be imputed to the or-
"'U':').f:C'I.:" n£IDt..09u (Of,'r '1I\oPL"''r ganization as unlawful, and is likely to result in
n,r.'c:~:": I\f.. h£':"';;: ",p,,} i\.,filh""A f,";f-I\A 111\" substantial injury to the organization, the advocate
n1£IP'" 'I.IL ",p',':') /\£lPhl\hA .e.:FA tny.' "ilLI\ shall take the necessary legal measures to prevent the
'1.(00') "n:J'P. M:9":6,' "IP(O'f1Y.' ,,/\n.)':: nmn.cJ>CJ?' damage. The measures to be taken by the advocate
i\.mf1.v,. h"'l:'}"'I\' }\C9't:6,'9"'}-' V"'I_h"'/\-"" f,1''j. may include the following.
n:"A:: (a) asking reconsideration of the matter;
u) ".P'f. ~')Y.'tti ~')P,.:".e. oPmV:": (b) advising that a separate opinion on the matter be
/\) fl"'P'," I\f, v.,./\v "il"',ff"" .,.cl1n"'- ".,AtlJ1 given for presentation to the appropriate
1\/\(0. V,r.'cJ:'J: "tJA ~ 1-\"'C11 'rtlc authority in the organization; or
llPilm')' : lIJ~9" (c) referring the matter to higher authority in the
"h) "-P'f.1 h£': I\/\lD' VY.:CJ:": "tJA "'1:"1.11 organization or if the matter is serious, referral
mf,9u "'P'f. 1',,,,,ns h'1Y.' nl'" 'UL Y...,qo
to the highest decision making authority in the
/\.r.'c:~:": VllPI.I,}.I.i'i (0-")' f16f.1'"tJA "'1:"1.11::
organization.
t. .lIlU 1',1"'"" ')o.it 1',')"'"" (~) ni-oP/\h1'(lJo
3) If, despite the efforts in accordance with sub-article
'OIJWI.')' ""II1.l0- (O-'~). ~1-\f1If,.H- "ilt.A'I.(O'
(2) of this article, the highest authority insists upon
'1'1.:" "'Y.co) flIDI.I,}.I.i'i (O'''~ f16f.1'(O'"tJA ..non
the act that is in violation of the law and is likely to
fO'/:I'f1(O.li ny.'c:~',: I\f, h'-':'''~: ,,.P,:" i\.,filhTA
result in substantial injury to the organization to
fO'1.'.}"'/\(O'},C9"~- },'),;'''''rA h(Of1" mn.cJ>(O' "1A
continue, the advocate is expected to resign from his
O'/\"'J:~) nt._.cJ>.v,.{lOA.,.:" ~mn:"n:"A::
servIce.
 ,.,...
1~ liif.lif:sli l..~t.A. ~;M"" ,?II.IfJ "''PC Ii ounhl:,.. If: +') IilfU Federal Negarit Gazeta - No.1 24thSeptember, 1999-Page 1161

9.' mn.cJ>1D- f~C~1:,) oP/,: I1I\FAIIJ'): IPt."'~ : 4) In dealing with the cases of the organization's
I1I\"hl1.f',) CD"'J" n~C~1: f;t-.,.4., (aID- .,..&;,e. director, officers, employee, member, shareholder
n"t.f"O:" 1..11. f"~'UJ (a9»~ "'~'J" h~C~1: or other person, an advocate shall explain the
"'~'J" ;JC f"t;Jtif." oPrr~ h;t-tD'" f(aID-~ID-') identity of such person when it is known that the
"7,)~:" "7ill.'&;:" "l\n:"l: interests of the person is adverse to those of the
?;. f...~'J" ..,tif.":"') n"'oPl\h.,. fflU ~')-o ~');J1."~ organization's.
",)~"'mnck 1f~1D-: "')~') ~C~:,. mht\- f"tlPt. 5) Without prejudice to the provisions of these
mn.cJ> f~C~1:,) oP/,9'~: I1I\FAIIJ'i~: IPt."'7f'~: regulations regarding conflict of interests, an ad-
ql\"hl1.f''i~ CD,e.'J""'t\-~ (a9'~,) noPCDhA t\.(at. vocate representing an organization may also
,e.~"A:: represent the directors, officers, employees, mem-
f)!!' ~t\-;t- I\"'I\ID- (aID-mn.cJ> ill\oPlf') bers, shareholders or other constituents of the
~')n~1D- 1\"111\ oPm') ql\oP~l."": organization.
Ii' f""'J"e'
oP;1'CDh f,moPlD- noPlr~ m,e.'J" n",,, n"7'iTID-'J" 22. Advocate to a Person under a Disability
'J"h') .f:" hlD-hA'i1D- ;JC n""II1- "''&;f'~ ",e. 1) When a client is not able to make adequate decisions
""fllD-') ID-"~ l\oPilm:" I1A:F1\ l..tI. mn.cJ>1D-
on matters connected with the representation due to
fmn.cJ>'i f~')n~') oP~n~ ..,,.~~:,. noPmn~
minority, mental dis~bility or for any other reason
oPrt.:" "I\n:"::
the advocate shall act maintaining client-advocate
I' mn:J'1D- ~')n~1D- ft."",) "'~'J" n"..,I1t1- l\"7il
relationship.
mn:" f"7,e.~A oPlr~') n.,.l.'&; 1..,1."".."t:" "').'loP
2) An advocate shall seek the appointment of a guar-
~-o t\:" "7 ~ l..., CD,e.'J""':"00-') t\"7 ilm n:" f"tl.~
"'t\..";f "C'J")f9'";f') oPlD-(a~ ,e.'icn;t-A:: dian or take other actions for the protection of the
interests of the client when the advocate thinks that
3'[. fili.., OO-.f.fArr~ '''~t.fl Ft.9'~
the client cannot adequately act in line with his own
Ii' "7')~':CD''J'' mn.'" n~.., oo-.p ",A..,t\..:,. n.,.(a"7 interests.
t.(H. CD:":" .,.y.t.n. f,)"'~ m,e.'J" "71(M.If:
"''' 23. Non-professional Subsidiary Activities
h."''i''7..P«e: 7.t\1:11«e Ft. f"t.fh'iID-') nlf~ 1..11.
n'f-.l'.t..n.~:" f"7.IPt..CD' Ft.. fOO-.PtD-') ;t-"7~~:": I) When an advocate engages in subsidiary commercial
~'lH': .,1."'-1-c,' h.nc ,,').&;,e."'')(a1D- "'1o.lD-') or other social, economic, political activities while
"'').'''<1: "7~1."1 f.mn:"n;1'A:: rendering professional legal service, he is required to
~. "7')~':tD-'J'" mn,'" hOD',PID- tD-tif."f"t.Ph'iID-~ID-') take the necessary care so that such subsidiary
"'Y.t..n. rt..m.')c,' f'''''''''&':ID-') oPm') t\~')n~1D- activities may not affect the loyalty, independence,
flll/il:"m:" ~,,~, ~.}. "l\n-1-:: competence and honor of his advocacy profession.
j=' "7')~':m''J'' mn,'" hOD,.pm' CD.tif."frr~ .,.Y.t.o. Ft. 2) Any advocate shall have the responsibility to notify
n"7..,..t. (H. m:":,' hY.')n7f':t: ;JC f"7.1~C'1D- to his client the subsidiary activities he performs
"J')')";H' h ,):,.'.' OD-.PID-ID-tif."oPlr~') n..,AR- outside his profession and the extent of his par-
"').'ll.~t\"', "7,r:l.'" ,e.mn:"n;t-A:: ticipation.
!!. ""'p'':m.'J'' mn,'" h'I'''):'''i OO-.flD-ID-tif."nrr~ Ft.. 3) Any advocate is required to explain clearly to his
"'(a""C.y. f"7..P1'"jm.') 1n. n o:"'i OO-.flD-1111m. clients that he is. not acting in his professional
,n. I\f..,. f"7..P",e. fY."".,) oP1"-o foP.f."
"'~,'" capacity when he deals with them in his subsidiary
"t\n;}' ::
non professional activities.
f)!!' fy.')n;;:') ').nl.'}' ilt\oPmn:" 4) Any advocate shall keep books of account which
Ii. ""')~'':m''Jumn.'" hm'hAc,'m. ;JC n""p.ftl f~')n~') shows separately the income he collects from ac-
').nl.:" n"y.t.. n"7.m.,):"n-1- m,e.'J" n"t.fil"''&;~ tivities outside his advocacy profession from that he
en.} '1.,1. n"..}-t"A',P ~.., f:1-'111'-1-') f...').cJ>d: collects from his professional legal service.
"e'Ju~9':t. nCW't\' flll/hne: """l1n"', .ft\tD- ih.., 24. Keeping Client's Property
nt\.t\ 'UI. Y."'CP'm'},"'.'" 11t\')-ol.-1-f"7.mil'&;TID-')
I) When an advocate keeps on trust or administers the
f,,''),'''<I: "CIJD~'9':}"foPm.(ay"
"'Yo:" "t\n:" :: property of a client in connection with a represen-
~. ""')~:(D''J'' mn.'" Y:}n~:m' nilOD' ').,)l.:" f"tl.h-O
oPlr).') n"'A,) f"7..pm':" I1Aln nil.,..,.c f~')n tation, he shall respect all the cautionary measures
~m"} ').,)I.~' ,,') Y."'l.hn oPl.hn'') f"7il;t-m:" that are provided under the Ethiopian law; in the
absence of an appropriate law, he shall have the
"'Yo:" ""n:" ::
obligation to take the measures of care that are taken
f.' "7')~:m''Ju mn,'" fJ':}n;;:m.') ')-ol."" n"~t.. n"tm
.n:"n.} CDf.'Ju n"7..Pil','.&;.(-en:" m:"",' ')")1.1:,) by a good owner.
t\ oP." "(a.,)'.' t\ 'I t\oP.n.,: ""7 ill. h-o n"t.p oP";f 2) Upon receiving the property of the client any
rJ-);:" oP,,'''1(1 foo.P." ..,~;t- "t\n:" II nl1')h advocate shall have the obligation to notify the client
oP"'oP'I' .fl\(H' 1'}'''') 11t\1JDt\-O:FID- f.,.l\f fl1')h with same unless the client knows clearly that the
Y.It.n oPh~.'}' "I\(H' :: advocate is receiving the property on his behalf.
3) When any advocate keeps on trust or administers the
property of his client he shall have the obligation to
maintain a record in a manner that is suitable for
accounting and delivery of the property to the owner.
 ,,.,
1K" lii£.U~J( A..1D{..1\ ~;Jt..1' ;J'Lfl' ,lt1": A-l\hl.9" It: IP.'-U 't.,... Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. I 24'hSeptember, 1999-Page 1162

~. mn.+(1)< f,f"T(I)'') ')o(ll-r1j ODl~sP:f 1\00f-r 4) The advocate shall have the responsibility to take
P'AII)') fI\AT(I)' (asP:f 'h')~f.ODl9"""-r "'''O,m., the necessary care so that the property and
'1'') .+<l:f07 Y.:lol :''''~' H' ~I\n-r 'I documents in his possession may not be :'\spected
?;. 07')~:(I)'9u mn.+ ,(',')n~(I)< ')o(ll.-i:') I\ODlh11 by persons having no authority.
nmf.,. 'LIL mf.,'r ').nl.":') 1\'1i\ODo(l.,: 07illh11 5) Any advocate shall have the responsibility to deliver
"",n, nln 'LIL f/ll/ill.h'n :~I\~,H' ~I\n-r" to the client the property in his possession when the
mn.4>m' ff,')n~:(I)' 'HII.'} '11\~f,(,.1j ~i\'''~P't client so requests or when it is the right time to do so.
'k
nW.,n:,' 'lIL nY'i\"'~: m.,ti:f, f"',fll') ')11l-r 6) When the advocate keeps and administers his
fU'/i\{IDI\i\: ff:)(I~:(f)'') f'II\')o(ll')'"'''' 07l;J16liJ. client's property he has the right to reclaim proper-
ties under possession of third parties, inspect his
(IDI'''''II:'''j 1\,1\':')" (IDI.~sP'~' f07f')' ODO(I-r ~1\(J)c1'
client's records of ownership title and other
?t?;. ff.,)II~:') Af, t,.+Yo~ ill\/II/"n'.). documents.
mn.4> M':)n~:(I)' lIi""1 ff.C;11j
f"'~,"'f,I\""') l\.1\..:f
25. Obtaining Client's Special Consent
.),
IIhctu: w:to.),
,"OD",'''' fJ (/D'II'Y:'f") (H' ,+(1)''1'''' An advocate may decline to raise, as an objection in a
I\,f"'C'1I f 0IJ,1'1\ co' 1J,).:Jo(f)") I\f, ') n~:(D' 'lill.P, 11:\1\
proceeding, period of limitation and similar other rights
f.,)II~:m' n~',h,{': htA'.{'.I\:,' '(I:J: "(1)<':
provided by the law to the client only when he explains
?)~. ".P'f. nil9u9u.,:" 'h')P"J'A:to ilI\OD"~~'} the matter to the client and the client consents thereto in
writing.
mll.+w' ff.')n~:w' ".P,fJ W':C'\': 0,')' "'C(l hOlJ,fI)(a')
,t'JA:to m,c:to II,J'A:to "",n,co,') W'lIt:'. fOlJ,J'il"l~~ lYe:' 26. Encouraging the Consideration of a Case by Settlement
...n'w' 'I.IL ".P'f. II'hC:" },')P',,('A:to 1\.,,4<4-fJ")"I\A:: When an advocate finds that the desired result can be
obtained if his client's case can be resolved by settlement
'6:;" f'HII\ttfJ mn.+ :~I\&,"'} rather than in court he may encourage the consideration
fi' U'J'g:co'9u 'Htl\ttf., mn.+ nf.')n~:w' I\f., P'AfI}') of the case by settlement.
'1i\Cf)' {':C.f.-n,'} f'I'4."'~:"'} (I)''')' I\.,f(a'l' fOlJ..fn,4>
27. Responsibilities ofa Defense Advocate
n'~ u"ill.~ (/D:tol.(}o') ttl\I.;1.,m nil"''''C f.,)II~w<
n'l'4."'~:""" 'h')P,fJ"'fll f{/Dh(,.hc o'fo:'- ~I\n'} :: I) Any defense advocate shall have the obligation to
~. U'J')~:(I)<9"mn.+ .(':)n~:(I)' n,,'h(a(a(H' m,):~A 00'1\' defend his client unless he is certain that adequate
1\00'1\' '1'4."'~: (IDI''',,') /II/m<l: mf.9" n""1ill.~H'
evidence has been produced to establish the guilt of
fOlJ"f"'CfF,:cf)' ,,'u:")" f/ll/ J'''' m ODlrCj:':(I)<')U'Jw<l:
the client by the court which has the authority.
2) Any advocate is required to warn his client be-
I\f:)n~:co' ""'0,(1)") ftu:hC ~"A °11\""" 'h,)P'$'.(a'l'
forehand the fact that to the advocate's knowledge
"'~'},'f I\.'(''',\':C },') .('.o'(.fA nODoll\~ f. ')n~w'')
that the client is guilty or that the things to be
~i\'" .f.-qu U'Jilm')<I':to f.,mU:toU:"A:: produced as evidences are not reliable may affect the
!~. f'ltJ ~')"'~' ') (J'il ~,')"'~' (~) Yo'');J'l. ffl)')1.A
advocate in giving the proper defense service to the
'Ht"'1i n"'l.nu:,' tlil '1'4."'~: hOD'II\' n&,.)' 'h,f')P' client.
'),1',.') f"'~f.,) "'I',n :"htll\~:H' 1\""11.;1"'1'mn.+w' 3) The provisions of sub-article (2) of this article shall
f""1,,('f,C"(I)<') /II/fll(,,:"'j hchc ~f.ODl\h'}9":: not affect the inquiry and defense to be made by an
advocate to ascertain that every element of the case
?)~~. ~h(,.tt/. .,.P,fJ nl\.l\n')' hil'j hchc ill\~I\U'J:to1.11
be established before an accused in a criminal
/IIn~:w'9u mll,4> "'h(,.tt/.') I\U'J.,.I\I\'} hil U'J:to1.11'j
proceeding is held responsible.
{lDh(,.hc U"'1\f.,9u MI(,.II/. flY., 6f.1'.n'l' n ",1\ U:"'i
fhchc;. (I)'m.'} n'HI(,.lt/. (w,'(,f. {/D.n.} I\$'. 1\(1)-'1' 2X. Claims and Contentions without Cause of Action
fU'J,('{/Df" (/DW',. nO'A~' n/li/,:"fAI')' ,,-P,$'.hil ""1:tol11'j Any advocate may not bring a case and defend a
{/Oh(,.\u: ~,f.,:f'A9u :: proceeding to harass an opposing party, especially when
it is clear that there is no issue in controversy and the
?tv.. 1\'''.+ (,.~ m.,') :to') i\1\ (/Olr)
result of the proceeding will not have any effect on the
U'J')~:(I)'9u mU.+ flll/,h'f'I\''''-') Yo'C'l.'Y,:f' {/Dt,'I.9" rights of both parties.
fl\n'}9u:
'h '):to~..,.
U'J1j:':(I)<9" 29. Fairness to Opposing Party
fi' "'.+ (,.~ m.,') /II/ill.~ },')P"f"~ Any advocate shall not:
(/OC':mC mf.9u ",1\":)" (a9'~<' f.tJ') {/D(aA ~Yo'(,,'H'
I) Create any obstruction on opposing party's access
'h ')P,,&.'I.'oo' (/09uhC: mf.9u ODCP,"":
to evidence or assist or counsel others to do any
~. /II/ill.:~') U'J""')' mf.,9u l\.""1' (a9'1- $'.tJ') OD(aA such act;
~,y:(,,'H' 'h ')P"t,~'fJO' {/D9"hC m$'.9" {/DCP"}:
2) Falsify evidence, counselor assist others to do any
!:. h',-P,f. :JC On')'..,.} f",I\(I)' mf.9" n""1ill~ I\.f,"1f: such act;
fll'/f:')"A .,.,c "'/:to1.11: n9"ilhCH' 'lA"'ln
3) Present a matter that is irrelevant to the case, or that
n il''''''C nOli\' f/li/,,('co''''(I)<') f6f.i'11 'I' (':1.. ".,(.'1- will not be supported by evidence, assert personal
{/D(a')UC: (D$'.9U f,,-P,f,') (':')'Y'P.H': f~')'(-') 9"ilhc knowledge of facts in issue exccept when tes-
,',~/II/~ ',01': f'Ht"'Ii') '1'4."'~: (D$'.9" "'m,fct tifying as a witness, or state a personal opinion as to
(/OII")'j ~I\(IDI''') ~,il(/DAh,r, fO,A ~il"',ff-i:,) the justness of the matter, the credibility of a
(/Oilm')': witness, the guilt or liability of an accused;
!!. f:)US;:co< mf.,9U 9uMu:.,:',:r:(I)<') 'h')-'t(am fill/$'. 4) Encourage any other person, except the client or
"f,?,. (asP"f'') n'f'c/Dl\h'" 'lAI'" nil'f''''C "A ""1,)~ persons not compelled by law to testify ,to refrain
(I)<')9U(a(l)<I\"'.+(,.~ (0"') f9"ilhC""" .+1\-') tD$'.9" from testifying or giving other relevant infor-
1\.1\~ol'I'l1"')' ,fI\CO' (/OI.~ 'h,)~f.(a'l' OD.,4-4--r:: mation to an opposing party.
'ut 6i(6f~f: A..1..t.l\ ~;Jt:" ;JILIfJ-liT'; Ii lIDilhl.,.. If: +, IDfU 't.,... Federal Negarit Gazeta- No.1 241hSeptember, 1999-Page 1163

«!J. Omn:8- .'Amhl\ .,.ht..t'it. fl..' ;J"''/''

117,)~~'/" mn:8- mn.cJ>.'Amhl\ .,.ht..t'it. 'l;Jmoo~ "LIt.
mn:8-~ If') 001\- ,e.U')). .,.ht..t'it. m1') It..'...h-l: flPl."f~ 30. Dealing with Unrepresented Person
.r:C"L"'-:;' hood.~Slo oo~m"l "I\n:" II h.,.Y:I\,/" mn:8- When an advocate is dealing with an opposing party
"A.",m. .,.ht..t'it. 1--'Sf.,) n"'OOl\h.,. fmn:8- IPI.Ci '/"') who is not represented by an advocate the opponent
~ ')~If~ I17h~.c;:" "I\n:" II shall be told by the advocate what the role of the
advocate is in the matter; hence, the advocate shall
«!J1i' f"h"'~ m1'i"f') 0000:" hl\lI7tJnc
opponent.
.
refrain from deliberate acts that would mislead his
.

117,)~~'/" mn:8- I\~')n~m' nlPl.flm~ f...oO~Ci

"'1A
..,1\":" "h"'~ 1D1'i"f') 117.,."":" : 117'P~.r: CD,e.,/" 31. Respect for Rights of Third Parties
n~~lllJo m1'i"f ",e. "'10. .'Arr~ AlCi OOlj:mC: 1\." In representing a client, an advocate may not use means
oolP~;-re ..,00 nl\.l\m. CD,e.'/" f"h"'~ m1'i"f') iIt;J'£ that have no substantial purpose other than to delay,
00..1:" nlPl.;J.s. 00')1.r: I17h~)f fll7..,"f:" 111.. oom"',/" embarrass or burden third parties, or use methods of
fl\n:"'/"II obtaining evidence that violate the legal rights of such
persons.
32. Publicity on Mass Media
«!JI' 1--'Sf.,) n001Ci~ oOU'V') hl\oo..,I\Jr
I) Any advocate may disclose information he ob-
Ii' 117,)~~'/" mn:8- nilt.., oo-.r "'1A..,I\--I: '/"tJ')l:"
tained in the course of his legal service to the mass
.'m"'~,) oo~)f 1\001Ci~ oOU'V') It.1AJr flPl."fl\~ media unless it is reasonably believed that the
nf17.t,Ci,£ fUlt. Ci ..,'/":,. foo~)f~ 0011\Jr flj:C.r:
disclosure of information would be prejudicial to
U:"1 M.r~Ci~lj:Ci f~')n~~') ...~'/" f"7,e.1.c; the trial proceeding and the interest of the client.
tnr~ -flY: ,m-tt 2) Notwithstanding the restriction imposed by sub-
I' n')o -k...c: (A) f,"OOl\h,,'m- hAh" 0. 'iC'/" article (1), an advocate may without elaboration
1'C1'C "l'.c;,e. ~h1' ...,e.1'1 mn:8-m. nlPl.h"'~:" provide information to the media on the following
.,..c;f""f ",e. 1\001 Ci'ij: ..1II'V') oo~)f I\oohm:" matters:
,e.-:;'''A: (a) the general nature of the claim or defense; and
u) ftJ ') m,e.'/" fooh"h.r~') 1Jo~;- in a criminal case, except where prohibited by
m~""
m,e.,/" ,,e.~"": ~ ')-'lIJo'/" fCD,)~A .,..c;,e. hln law, the nature of the charged offense or the
ftJ ') ,,e.~"": nilt.., t'iA.,.hl\hl\ nh.,..,.C defense and the identity of the persons
fCD')lA tJfI.') m,e.'/" fooh"h.r~') 'i,e.~:": involved;
1..c;f. f"7.ool\h:":f~') fI,."f "7,)~:": (b) the information contained in a public record;
1\) nilt1'..1 001'1..1 m'h... ffld.~,) oo~)f: (c) the scheduling or the stage of the matter in
th) n1'.c;f. ",e. f,,'flmm.') .,.~ "'mC' CD,e.'/".,..c;f. litigation;
(d) a request for assistance in obtaining evidence
f1.~fln""') 1.~)f1
00) oo~)f 1\00fl..If1.n f.,.~n') filC.c;;- r-tCi and the type of evidence needed thereto;
(e) a warning of danger concerning the behavior
f"'d.""L~') oo~)f ,,e.~:":
IP) .,..c;f. f"7.OOl\h,,'m' fI~ n..,l\flfl"f m,e.'/" of a person involved, when there is reason to
believe that there exists the likelihood ofsubs-
nilt1,..1 ",e. hl"':"';;: "'~;J It..rhh:''A i"f"A
..,,/,,..,. tantial harm to an individual or to the public;
f"'tA t'il\ hl\ltlJo flm- 'WC,e. "~1~~:"
3) When it is found necessary to protect the interest
117hm') .,.ctJ'1I
and reputation of the client by countering dis-
r.' mn.cJ> n~')n~m' ",e. f"'flt..'LlJ:"') "1\-;-'£ It.CisP"fCi
seminated prejudicial news and declarations about
00..,1\651,."f nll7h""lnA f~')n~~') "'~'/"Ci
the client, the advocate may provide resonable
ooAt'iSlo two I\lI7hmn~ "'hd.""L n(f~ "LIL IPI.t,';'£ discrediting or mitigating declarations to the
flf~ fll7h""ln., flJ,e.Slofll7l\lIo..' ooll'l\~ 1\001Ci~ media.
'flU'Y') 1\00hm')' ,e."}""AI'
33. Tenninating Advocacy Service
«!Jr.. f"'''I~Ci ""Allli'"'''' hl\lI7*~...
I) Unless there is sufficient and convincing reason to
Ii' 117')'ij:m''/'' mn.cJ> 1\1.')n;;:m.lt.fI... f1'1~,) f...oO~Ci terminate the contract of advocacy service an
"1AII,I\":" ~A 1\1I7*~... flPl..'h"fA nctCi "''''''7~ advocate shall have the obligation to follow his
,/"tJ').'..,. hl\.l\m. nh''''''C n1'1~ fm-A ..,1...+ clients case up to the end in accordance with his
OOIJ'(."" f~')n~m'') 1'.c;,e. ~hh 00","~7fm- fooh obligation in the contract.
:""'A "'1..:" "I\n.)' II 2) When the advocate is not able, as the contract
I' mn.+m' I\~')n'ij:m' n1'lm. fm'A ..,1..;- OOIP~:" obliges him, to follow his client's case up to the
f1.')n;;:m.') 1'.c;,e. ~hh 00","~7im- I\ooh;-.,.A end, he shall explain the matter to his client and
'IAf(01\ 'U&. 1Jo~:"'D"t I\~')n~m- foo'1I\JrCi "'1A'1 shall have the obligation to make the necessary
1\-":') nll7*~m' 'l"tJ').'''', n~')n~~ ",e. It.~Ch effort to minimize the cost and inconvenience that
f"7:.1'1\~,) CDIJIl"'t'00"''''':'' I\oo"'~h ~')-'lIJo'/" would be caused as a result of the termination and
1--'Sf. n.,. .+Ci 1Jo~;J4
nl\." mn:8- It.'lI'd.') flPl."fAn..,.') to get the matter be successfully covered by
1Jo~:J'fll7ooY::f..,. '11..;J' "'1\0"" ,. another advocate.
',,,. !ij-':li~~!!A.,Y../..I:\. ,,., HinK 'i.1/". Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. I 241hSeptember, 1999-Page 1164
~;J(,')' .'J'Lfl' "1'1'(;Ii -"'hl.1/" If.

SUfj'f~c~ent Groun ds for Te~nination

C!}~, h1/.\"'I\":"IV'''!I:~',' net 9uh"}.f.t"~
mn.+ M"."}n~(I)' fO?(tmlD'"} h1/.\..,I\":" I\O?!I:~T
34.
..
S uff IClent groun d s to term mate representation mc Iude,
~
f67..rit"~.:~ net 9uh"}.r.y.:{. f67.h.,..I\'''''"} f.a.1.~t,/.\: among others, the following when;
~.., fO?Tit \) the client's required advocacy service is in
A' f.U"} f P''' 9U"")C y."}.n lDf.~ "'1\
lu'" : violation of these Regulations or other law;
!{, mn,+lD' f"'lDhl\n"" 1-J;f. noo :'-f"'- I\f. ')I\n"'- 2) while in the course of trial of the matter for which
m~"} Y."}n~(I)' IJ',.P,f. hl1~~' I\f. hit.,'P1. ~c~jf the advocate is represented the client commits an
fm(tY. tu"'c; hmn.+lD' f67..r1'f(l)'"} h1/.\"'I\""'- act which is repugnant to the proceeding, the client
I\m'}~f./.\ lDf.9U 1\""':"1\/.\ ~'C:1."" h'''m.,.oon'''- : has used the advocate's service to perpetrate a
m~J9Uhch~"} nl\.1\ (tlD' I\f. 001-I\I\""") 1\00ith"'/.\ crime or fraud or the client has used the proceeding
mfJ9U ".p'.). I\fII/.r.:l.it f"'m.,.oon,)' Ill'" : to cause inconvenience or cause damage on other
mn.+el). ',-J;f."} nh""JO' 1\009Ut..} :{'I\,,:"f.' ,n.+'} person;
!:' 3) the advocate lacks the competence and ability to
,r.,(tel)' ~"}Y.I'" 'l)fJ9U h1"n~fi P'(..lD' h.f'lw,y. :
properly manage the case or he is discharged from
!!, .(I:}()~:lD' lD.h/.\f.'lD") n"'OOl\h'" hcnn.+(I}' fO?t.
his profession;
I\"W')'"} ",y..:,. I}f.mn} (t.-f>(; },fi "I.V..:"lD")
4) the client fails to fulfill an obligation to the
IIAt-'~oo h1A"'I\"'} ffll/..r!l:C'" flD"'~.'} cnn.+(I}'
advocate regarding the representation and has been
l,itcn""''''(I)' :
given notice by the advocate that will terminate the
?;. 11Inn.+'I)'c; nY:}n~:(I)' oollhA I\.f:C fO?1')lD' service unless the obligation is fulfilled;
clO".fII/OO"}h"}P,. ,Wf} f"",:'-I\A lDf.~ ffll/6lhn
5) the mutual trust that should have been present
cnc ~'C'L')' nClOt.KIJD' f,,'''I} nhc,:.,.~: v-);:" between the advocate and the client has been
f.,.f,';} : greatly damaged due to fraud or deceit committed
h"'''
'k f'"P,f."} '.YA' nO?clOl\h"" mn'+lD' IDUJ~ lun. on the part of either party;
"'l(~"'}"I\f. fO?(tcneD"} f~'" ~hc Y."}n~lD'lD'1:~ 6) the mutual trust that should have been present
nfll/.f:I.'" f"'''''' nll.I\,t: 1D1'i1' ool1h/.\ 1\.'iC: between th two parties has been weakened becuse
fO?:,')lD' OO,"""'CIO"}hm~ : the client denounces the advice given by his
?:' Y:}()~:lD' I\cnn.+m' ootit.A ,rl\n,}"} fh1/.\"'I\"')' advocate on matters that are decisive to the case;
h(':,r ~ "}~.h(':A fi 1\.1\""}"'}9U lI)61'>9",f. ~'M.""I 7) the client shows clearly that he is not willing to
"",n.m' ""'I}(tn..r .,.(t",.,..). :"I\t. .",:"} 1\00 m fI)"" fulfill his obligation to pay fees and reimburse
t..'" Y.~: hI\OOI""'} n"'A;t III}f II
other expenses to the advocate, after he has been
,
I C!J.i
" " ' h"A"'I\":" fO?,r!l:C'" cnn.+ "'Y..:"9'':J'.
given the proper notice.
35. Obligations of an Advocate on Termination
""'"}~:el)'9U cnn.+ (f)'A (t.,r!l:c'r fO?h"'I\-""")
"'Y..:"9)"}" flOlI)n).)' hl\IH' : Any advocate terminating contract of Advocacy service
I\y:}()~:m' IN= U'Iit:"m-t,r ooitm')' ~c; '."}n~lD' shall fulfill the following obligations:
ii'
I) Give reasonable notice to the client and reasonable
1\.1\cnn.+ ~'M.mhA net 'l.IL ooitm"" :
!{, f':}n~:(1)."}"},nl.,}f.' ",.,f::;' p'C:fH' '11\(1)'00"}1~' time to allow the client represent other advocate;
2) Properly surrender the property and records of the
lI)~.,rlD'''' ,...,itl.h,n :
client immediately; .
!:' itl\"'P'f. Y:}()~:(I)' fO?cnf."'(I)'"}II"/"}~(I)'"}~ oo~jf
3) Give any information the client requests regarding
ooitcn'} :
the case;
?;, nY:}()~:(I)' ~:~: fflll:':~ fIIn~(I)'"}~ 'l.UJo()oo,"I}(t0(1:
4) Audit any account found in the client's hands,
mY.tC.')' I\O?IJ.I(.. P'('. f"..,.nl\(I)'"} 1"}ft0(1 hlD'L1. return the money left from payment received for a
.,.I.el)"} ,"OOl\'li ""'.f:I.'" :
future work;
?;, I\P'(.. ,...,ith.jf f"'l.h'1:':(I)'"} 'l.UJ(1~ oo""I}(tof1c;
5) Audit the accounts he received in advance for the
hll"I,1. +1. ooool\it : management of the case and return the money left;
'k' h"""IL(I)' mn.+ ;JC noo""'1nc: n.,.J;f. 00=\"":" i 6) In cooperation with the replacing advocate, protect
00 !I:I.',' lDf.9u hl\ittA'L 1D6f!> ~"}J;.r;JTOO(l)< the case against delay, interruption or unnecessary
(lOhl\ hA :: expenses.
.
c!}1;' f""f'lL cnn.+ ""..:"9'1' 36. Obligations of Replacing Advocate
ii' ""f'lL(I)' mn.+ Y."}n~lD' h.,.1:'I" mn,+(I)' ;JC: I) The replacing advocate is required to inform his
,rl\'D"} II"/"}~(I)'"}~ 'l.UJo() ~"}Jl.rlDt.C1: fll/it1"}ftof1 client to audit any account the client has with the
.e.cnn~n,.,./.\ II former advocate.
,t, lULU h"}.,.;t "}O.it h"}.,.Jt (Ii) """OOl\h""(1)< 2) The provision of sub-article (1) of this article that
,."}n~:lD' 1\.,.1:'1" mn,+(I)' ooh.f./.\ Il\n:""} "h1/.\ the client has not completed the fee to be paid to the
I\l\lI"/mc;.,.cJr I\Jl-," mn.+ n"'mC' .,."} former advocate shall not prohibit the new ad-
"'1\"')' h~.'
nCJ:C:~' 0.:" ""1~'" "'10.(1)<1 1\1/.\..,1\-:" ~'.tI"(tT vocate from rendering the proper service on the
1\..'''''.(1)< I\.e.'f/.\IJD II
fixed date, in court,
 ',I(' jii'l:n~~:?; ~,~..~.A 't:J/.:,' :mfll "I1'C:{i -(III!.\/" If. .,.') n!n~ ',S/". Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. I 24'hSeptember, 1999-Page 1165

ifJ?t" fli'il.h (I)~9u n"'4'>n,n,1. m/LcJ> ltt\OI/.(a'P f'P.,I:"" 37. Advocacy Service Rendered by a Partner or
l,1Aolt\"')'
Supervisory Lawyer
;!. f'I'.n:"'; .l':C:~:.). Ol.h fIn m/LcJ>nJ.~'c~1: m-lt'P
I) An advocate who is a partner in a law finn shall
f"'lp'/,. "'n;;:OJ'9° f ,n°l fJt\OD-,f ~U'} f
P''' ensure that any other lawyer in the finn conforms to
9Ol'/fiC,v:HI "'!hn.;.'} '''It.;J1'1'~mn:"n:J'A II
~, ",/,g:OJ'9° ,\.IUD"} Inn.cJ> n<l>'I':" fOD4'>flJmC these Regulations.
rAnI') ,ft\OJ' m(l.4> n"c(a. P'C fOl/.,f1t\"A 2) Any advocate who has supervisory authority over
mn.4> fOD',fOJ"} fr., 9u.,flC Y.'}.,I "'lhn.;.'} another advocate shall have the responsibility to
f,/D4'>flJmC :"I\~.":" "t\n"" I supervise that the other advocate conforms,to these
I:' "'n;;:OJ'9u m/L4> t\i\.1\ mn,cJ> f P'., 9".,fIC 7-f:t\T regulations.
-'hn,f<1: fD?I'''OJ' nD?h'f't\-.'f' lJIIh'} ,f"'1' .,m- : 3) An advocate shall be responsible for another
11) '1'4,.} f ~-,\rIDOJ' (am. J.'.'C't 1:,) f ~.KODm-
advocate's violation of these Regulatins if:
nmn.4>m' ;,.,JIt. (a.If'} w~lJII 1.f:t\"" "f1'
(a) The lawyer orders or, with knowledge of the
~-'\OD uP.,.".'} ",fw<I> J.'.'C't'J:'} ,fKf.<I>m-
(a.l',): conduct, ratifies it,
t\) 'l'oJ"} f ~.XrIDCO' (am- mn,4>m' nD?p'/..n"" (b) While the person at fault is a partner of the
f'I',n:"','l,"AoII\"')' .r.:C~.). ol.h hln w~lJII advocate or .works under the direct
nmn.4>m' ""1"";;: <I:'I''PC P'C fD?,'p/,. ~pervison of the advocate, the advocate
hI'"''
1I/1\(aO'np''' 9"°/fIC Y.'}.,I fOl/.,flt<l>flJf:C'L"" kflows of the punishable conduct at a time
',f~_KOD rlDln.'} ",fW'" f:C't1: fOl/.,flth"" INhen its consequences can be avoided or
t\m-'} f"'llt'foIlh,f M:lJIIjf ,fAw(af. "-I''} II mitigated but fails to take reasonable
ifJ~' hAhl\ remedial action.
;!. n,,'!'g:m-9° f'I',n:"',' ""A.,t\""" .r..'c:~"" m-lt'P 38. Disqualification
fD?p'/,. mn.4> n.r..'c:~'1: m-lt'P hOl/.IP';"} t\.t\""f
I) Any advocate who is working in an advocacy finn
mn.4>sP:-", "'}.&;' lULU Y.'}.,I OD'J.:t.,). "'}.l';;'} 1'P,~
fl'1"I1:",,' t\.n!ho. h,ID,f1' fD?"f".V.m. lJIIh'},N' may not render service when he knows that there is
rfI"i.;.'} ".fm'" A °11\""" t\OPltm.'}' a reason, in accordance with these Regulations, that
f'I'.n:"','
"" would prohibit any of the other advocates in the
M';'}"'A9" II
~. fOlI,h.,.t\..). Q').;"9J"}"'I1I\:JmOD' nlt.,..,.c
f'P.n:"" firm to handle the matter alone.
l,"A"'II\":" .r..'C:(>;'''''}ft\.,.<I> mn.4> nJ.'.'C:~1: m-lt'l' 2) The finn is not prohibited from thereafter represent-
n.,nt.n.)' VI. mh""')' h.,nt. y.'}n;;: '1':"90 ;JC ing a person with interests adverse to those of a
f",!.:)6[.b '1':"9° .rt\OJ' .v:W;;:'} J.'.'C:~1: hODWhA
client represented by the formerly associate ad-
l"rol,V.m'9u II
vocate unless the following conditions are present:
11) ".P'f. h'LU "',V.9u t\J.'.'C~'J: f<l>t.n w~lJII
(a) The matter has been presented to the firm
h.,.,r..''um. ".,~~ :Jl: ODIPt.:"'P.
IU'" OD'}1J.'.'
f"',f,rll tun: before or is substantially related to the for-
,,) n'I'1I~"I' l,"A "1"":" (a6f.b J.'.'C:~1: m-lt'l' ,ft\ merly dealt matter by the firm;
mn.4> IFl'l.nOJ' .,.p,~ I\~ n"'lltt.jf""" l\.,r1 (b) An advocate remaining in the firm has infor-
t\II/A fOlI.1'A 'lDor n"j),: f"'!.1~ tun I mation in his hands that can be used as
t. lULU l,'}"'X' f.,.n,t\m, hAhl\ 1'P'f. fD?,ODt\h+w- evidence on the matter.
,v:}n;;: hAhl\m' "'~.1.D? ,,'}P,~I',} n;r,h.l': 3) The disqualification imposed by this article may be
(H.lt"'!"'1 VI. <1'1.~"";A II
waived when the client involved in the matter
c!}v. . fn:":}'. m/L4> "l.~:" consents to its application, in writing.
;!. IJt\,1\ mn.4> l,rlD/..c P'C f"'!.IP/.. "'l'};;:m'lJII mn.cJ>
39. Obligations of a Subordinate Advocate
~tn f r" 9uo/fiC.v:HI "'lhnc "t\n.'f' II
~. fn:":}'. mn,4>MM.111.nln f P'., lJII.,flC'I',N: I\~ I) Any advocate who is acting at the order of another
fnl\f.'} 'h~.,." nrlD<I'nAflP/.. ODIn.'}t\"'lltt.p,.), advocate shall respect these Regulations.
n!J:t\ 'UI. h'hn,f<I:"'} "11~rr"A II 2) A subordinate advocate shall be free from being
responsible when he proves that he acted in
?i' f ,n°l lIP',f.f';;: ,fAil'''. .V::Jr,: (a£1.1.IP/..".i'/".)"..}
ltt\OD4'>r"mC accordance with the direction of his superior on an
arguable ethical questions.
f ,n°l flt\IIP',f ,fAil''''} (aOJ. IH..,.nJ/.""" W~lJII
t\",!,(amco- ""Aolt\".). f"'(I)(a., htt:,f nODltm.'f' W~lJII 40. Supervision of Nonlawyer Assistants to Advocate
n""I'II.":" fD?_,f,J.'/'. mn.4> Cf)~lJII'P.,I:"" ""Aol"""" An advocate or advocacy firm who employs, or retains,
.r..'C~:" I
or associated with, a person who is a non lawyer shall:
;!. ""JfJ.Co,'} f'l"} ,4><1:',C9ujf" "'~.I\.tm''} </:'I''I'C
I) supervise that the person's conduct is compatible
n"'!.V:t.°1 fOlt\(an, 9uo/fiC ~U'} fp''' lJII.,flC Y.'}.,I
,,'}P,~'I'lt ~4'>n'm/..A I
with these Regulations by taking the appropriate
measures and making the necessary supervision;
 Federal Negarit Gazeta - No. I 24'hSeptember, 1999-Page 1166
1X' l!itiiV.~;:;; A..~../.,A ~.?t.:r' .?ILnJ "I'I'C Aoui\hl.9" If. +1 Ii!~:tg~'9'"

~, f m'" oo-.f"'~ .f A I'" CD'I1A~l.l1 itL"AoPCD-f P" 2) be responsible for unethical conduct committed by the
9U",,)C .,.Y:it:" mfl.4>CD'"'mf<l: fOl/.If.,CD- ! nonlawyer when:
II) .f.:C'I.1:"} h "}.!l4.~9" .fIlIlCD'hII''' CD~9" f.,.L (a) The advocate orders the commission of the
"AoPCD-"}l.'C'I.:t- fOl/..fCD-:'> hlf.,Cj hL""A act or with the knowledge of the act, ratifies or
00."}9" f 4."". CD~9" .f"A~'" hII''' ! allow~ the act;
it) OO-.f"'~ ')AI"'CD' l1CD- fcJt'P'PC PAtIJ"} (b) While having a supervisory authority over the
""
'i~:,. fP., 9U""IC .,.1:it:t- fl"'CD-"} Y:C"I.:t- nonlawyer and with the knowledge of the
I'/PL"AOO-"}h.fCD"'Cj Y:C"l.1: fOl/..f"'h:t-itCD-"} commission of the act, he fails to take the
CD'm.:" it"'''''''l.:t- CD~9" itoP"'''''' hf;Fit
appropriate remedial action to avoid or
"'10.CD-"} f", ,.t)h.f hC9"~ .fACDl1~ hrr., ! mitigate the consequences of the act.
., CD' ::
41. Professional Independence
., '.,:t-
~li' 00' .flf
1) An advocate or law firm may not share legal fees
IIIn;-lCD-9" mn.4> aJ~9" f'P-n:'>Cj Y:c:E-:t- nOl/.h
fi' with a person who is nQt an advocate except:
'N\.:t-
lJo~;J-1P~ .t)AI'" n ,..,.c f'P-n:'>Cj h1A
(a) An agreement by the advocate with the
"'1\":" hlj:.f"} mn.4> t)Arr., l1CD-;JC oPt)LA
advocate's firm, partner or associate may
h~-:;'A9":
II) mn.4>CD- h'P.n:'>Cj Y:c:E-1:: hitth. CD~9" provide for the payment of money, after the
""I'ltCD- .?C nOl/..f~C1CD- "'9"9".,:,. oPlPl.:t-
advocate's death, to the lawyers estate or to
nOl/.'I":'.n.l' "l.IL CD~ ".l=J: mn.4- lIof):" CD"9" persons specified in the agreement as be-
"'m.4>I11/.h"}.!ll'''' it".,. ""';J-CD.4>:r=CD-l1SJ1~ neficiaries;
.
fOl/.'.l.<1 11(':.f: (b) An advocate who purchases the legal firm of a
1\) h".-:;.: -:;'1\":" t)tIJ CD~'" hmcf. mn.4> ,,~ deceased, disabled or disappeared advocate
f""():'>Cj h1A"'I\":" Y:c:E-:" f11f l1CD-I\",'(f may pay to the estate or representative of that
mn,4> lI.n:" CD"9" it"'CDt)~ fOl/.L~oPCD- lawyer the agreed-upon purchase price;
f",~'r htt:.f: (c) A payment made because an advocate or legal
,It) mn.4> CD,,9U f'P.n:'>Cj Y:c:E-:t- f m'? l1itOO-.f firm ha~ entered into an agreement that would
"AII'''.IPI.,'''1f'~, fh1A<1I\..:t- CD~9" fl1l'l.;J- make nonlawyer employees beneficiaries of
'I' l'Cj 'I-In,4>I11/. hlll/..f~C1CD- "'9"9".,:t-
compensation or retirement plan.
ID''''',' noP",')": flll/.~l.<1 htt:.f :: 2) An advocate may not form a pratnership with a
~, ",'FlCD'9U mn,4> f;"'" oo-.f"'~ t)AI'" l1CD';JC
non-lawyer if any of th eactivities of the partnership
f'I'.n:'>c,' h1A ",1\",1") flll/..ft):t-:,. f'lichCj <1Tf..,:"
consists of the practice of law or work under a
(/p(/PPl..l' IIJf.9U IID'.flf ,?y":"CD'") noPCDtIJ:t-
condition where a non-lawyer directs or controls
I.'"r..' f m'" oo'.f.I';;: "AI'" l1CD'foP9ul..:"'i foP'"
nJmC PAn)"} n"'.l1'I' u'~:J' oPPI.,:" h~-:;'A9"::
the activities of an advocate in carrying out his
professional duties.
~'i~' fh"A"'I\"'l' h(':.f h.,.III/oP')
42. Fixing Fees
"'n;;:CD'9" mn.4> h,."}n;;:CD' flll/.I11~"'CD' fh1A<1I\..:t-
tl(':.f ""Ins lII/.tfll'(P'(/PI'") hitn:t-:: fhtt:.fCD'"} oPm"} The fee any advocate requires from his client shall be
l\oPCDl1') flll/.h,,'I\..l") (/PoPlI~SJI-:;' <19":t- (D'''''P fair and reasonable. The following factors must be
""Ill1')'} .fll4.A;JA: considered in determining the amount of the fee:
fi' it,:tn;;:CD' flll/.l1mID' h1A"'I\"'1' flll/.CDll~CD- I) the time and labour rquired of the service given to
'LIL'i flll/.m~''''D' .r.."19u: the client;
~, ".,~f.') nlll/:,,) I\III/h','(IJ"} flll/..rll4.A1CD' -:"'1\,,:1-: 2) the skill required to perform the service properly,
f'"P,f. h.!lll".l' h'l' h"':':;Jt H.: the nove~ty and difficulty of the case;
i:' h.v:tn;;:CD'.:lC f".,.'.I."CD'f,,'..I:'>CjPl.. "'9"9".,:,. 3) the likelihood that the particular agreement with a
fl\.I\":)" '."}n1f:)'..) ".P,f, ''''''''11\'' itoPPI..,l- flll/..r client will preclude the advocate from dealing with
r
"':}"'AoPIY"} hit(/pII'''.'): other clients' cases;
!!, "'I/P"" ~ ".p,r:')'. n.,.it9"'. flll/..r"'hc':I\':""}
4) the fee ,customarily ch~rged for similar legal
f'I"-I):'>I,' h',A ",1\":" h(':.f (/Pm"):
serVIces;
?;. I\hch.;. I'/p.,i'i fll'''(I). flJ.n'l' "'9u,} h'i flll/.1''jCD'
5) the amount the claim involved and the results
(1)'111.:1-:
obtained;
'k ,nmn,<J>ID.11' n,:)n;;:,D' oPt)hA .rit(D. foo..r
6) the length of the professinal relationship with the
"rn',H' C'UI/P:I-: h','
:;., fmn,<J>ID' f/"'I.. A'/u,r..' : "'';. 11cl'Cjfoo'.f -:"'1\":1-: client;
'l,'1' 7) the experie~1Ge,reputation and ability of the ad-
~I;' I\.I\":}"'c/Pl1A I/PI/PII;;:9)'.)'.::
vocate; and
H) similar other factors.
 ,~

'''' 1ii't:iiY.~~ ~.Y~.A. ~,~(.:,. :"Ln, ":"'(: {i uuhhl.,.. :0: +, Iilf:fK Ii."'. Federal Negarit Gazeta- No. f-24111 S.j1ber, 1999-Page 1167
...
~t:. fI11A"''''''''' h~! h9'"9u~,}.
43. Fee Agreement
ii- f111Au,""':,. h,.t:,f it9'"9u~,}. nX',h-": fIP/.1.I.,?Ci
fWl'j".}""",9'" nlDh.""Y::':m-f"'U.l.r I) An agreement of fee is a legal document to be made
.N'''''''
;"."1'PoIn 1.' ~ID':: in writing and signed by the parties to the
!{. nmn,cJ>c.' n1.1n~: clDtthA f"'u,orrh1A'?"":" agreement or their representatives.
hct:.f it9'"rH. f""lJ"""'''''1 OUIPI.:f'ce 1.-'Sf-"f 2) A fee agreement to be made between advocate and
Yolnit',' A: client determines, the following basic matters:
II) Y.1n~ID' "mn,cJ>(IJ' f""l,ht;:"10'1 hm,cJ>I\Yo (a) the total amount of money, salary, reimbur-
'I"}"i.: Y.OUIIJ',,: f""ltttt7i hct:.f: foum'.nct.f sement, reserve payment or other mode of
h,.t:.f IIJ,,9" ".1\ fhct:.f '''C:~'''' nou,?"x'
payment to be made by the client and the
fMI~,A."") itA'}",' 'I.IL:
method and time of payment.
A) mn,cJ>m- 1I""P'f. I\f. f""l..fit1')'",'1 flD'III.'}'
,~,,~ IIJ',r 'i,f,'H:'}"':: (b) the kind of result or results to be obtained
from the case by the advocate.
~;!!. ODm~ .fA,"(IJ"'~ fh"Au,,,,,,}, hct:.f itrrH.
fh1Au,,,,,,}, h,.t:.flD' tu:h.a;. n""l..fit1')'IIJ. f11"i. oum") 44. Contingent Fee Agreement
1\', f"'c/P",I.'" nw~ 'I.IL itrr~.,: f""l.h"'"''-''' When the fee is contingent on the amount of the money
c/P,J.'I.:"ce ".p,r':'}'. f.f" ',II",'A: obtained from- the litigation, the agreement shall be-
ii' ".P'f. nitr9u~,}.: n',u,..~ lIJf.r n"'l\ OU11¥." determined based on the following basic matters.
n..fA"" h~~'lU ".),:"sP'.}". (11)',. '.1n~IIJ' h""l..f I) The percentage that shall be paid to the advocate in
'f)' In. 'I"}".n 1\', "mn,cJ>",' nou,'.~: it""}' "-hA."IIJ. each individual event if the case is resolved by
f'''I.''')II''') f"') ,1-1I ,/pm'): settlement, appeal or other means;
!{. "mn,cJ>(IJ. f""l,y":",,n.
'I"''''. fP'~~'} hct:.f ~c,' ",,,..:.}". 2) Whether the amount that has to accrue to the
""""sP".}". h"''''','~''', n:\1\ f""l.:""'i. IIJf.9u h"m
.cJ>~~ 1')lIi. f""l.:" n clDl'~"):: advocate is calculated after court fees and other
expenses are deducted or from the gross amount.
fh',Au,,,,,,}, h,.t:.f f""lf.mf..,..Ft:IIJ. ,
~?;. '10m). .fA',.,n"'~ 45. r.1."CS of Prohibition of Contingent Fee
',,":r:,}"'
".p,r:.}'. I\Yo .fA"'IIJ"'~ fh1A,?""'}' An advocate may not enter into an agreement for
IIlfl:" nlll/.h"'''''}'
contingent fee on the following matters:
h'':,f it9"9"H' ,,-,ff.C'" "',:'}"Ar:
I) In a family matter, contingentupon the securing of
;1' n'/PY.n~: c':l:,~' n.'}' n'IA',' ""I.it'} tu:tu: 1',::,:")
fI"'Iit'f)',}. 1\', "'"°itC''' 1IJ,,9u n""l.J.it"'it~IIJ' a divorce or upon the decision on the amount of
fcI'''il (nf,9" fA;(J::'}"."'I"Y.,,,.f ',")"i. 1IJf.9u n""l..fit alimony or support for Ihe upkeep of the children,
'f)' II)' f').n I. ,}. "°111'): or property settlement, in a court of law;
~t. ntIJ'):~:A'''''h'''''' .\IIJ' I\f, ct:l:f.' n.'}' n""l."'mllJ' 2) A fee contingent up-on the decision and penalty
IIJ''').',' ""n,.}. I\f, ,,'cloch.,I:: given by the court in a criminal case.
~. n1.')f1~"'r. clfltlhA f'I,.fI.}.,,' h"Au,,,,,,}, hct:.f") nf.'C: 46. Divison of Fee Among Clients
;r:(-m, ""lII/h4,A,A
Unless there exists an express agreement to the contrary
111\').f...".p", hh') ,f: nl\f, fl")' "'sP:'}"'1I1Jh"" f""l.h(..iu:
mn,cJ> fI"',cJ>(..tln. u'AX' fll'~ it9u9'"~'}' nit.,..,..: an advocate who represents more than one person in a
h"''' case shall arragne for a just payment of the fee by each
fh'tAU'"'''''' .Ict:.f,.,.') ',::"'""r. nw~ ,/p')'"r..' ~.f')p'1)',.
1.1n~: f.'C7illJ") ~'M.hct:A ,fY.e:JA:: client, according to his share.

~. fh',Au,,,,,,}, h(t:.f') h".1\ II1n,cJ>:JC: it"clDtIA.A 47. Division of Fee Between Advocates
"'/")~:IfJ'9"lIln,cJ> fh"A"''''':'' hC':.f') fflO',f 1il.h. 'tAW., Any advocate may share a fee with other advocate who
"-1\.mn,cJ> :JI: "c/pIM.A flll/.:'}""IIJ': is not a partner in profession only if;
l\o4\tIJ. mn,'" n'"p'f. I\f, u,,,..,}, ~ I) The client consents directly or indirectly to the
ii' ""A 1'&;'''''''
,":)n~:"J' ""I""~: nll'~ 1IJf.9u ""I""~: 'IAln involvement of the other advocate in the matter;
'10')",r... fA."'Y. "'.11'"): ~\','
and
!{. f'I")tl-l1 hh4.A,'" ~\.f')P,'))',. mn,cJ> h".(..IIJ. ,"(..','
2) The division of the fee is in proportion to the
h,,',,'n"IIJ' :~I\A.H' :JC:"'ClDnJnJ~ "'.1" i.;1: :
"ID'::
services performed and responsibility assumed by
each advocate.
~;~I;' t' ,nu, t,"A u,,,..:,. "'''f.1',~'e:~:,r.:'}"'h'IA it"ouW1 48. Membership in LegilJ Services Orgilniziltion
""n~: 1IJ'9" m n,'" f'I',n .}r',' ,,', A"''''''}' "',1.1. f.'C::~"''''''' Any advocate may be a member in a legal service
"'IA ""°11'") f,"}"'I\A :: mn,cJ>",'h'IA fW."I-}' ,r..'c:~'}'
organization. The advocate may not participate in de-
n""l.",c":':"J' In.'',).,,)',}'. IIJf,')" n""l.ll)itp':':IIJ.~c:rjfsP"}"'
c/pIM.A t''''If,''}"'''''J' :
cisions or actions of the organization where he is a
"" member if:
;1' nllJ"").ID' "'1,'1,', "°11''1. hY:)n~:(IJ' ",""r ,n:
f"II..'J"f.1'"'.W') :
I) his participation in the decision or actio.n would
!to t,"A"''''''}' flll/."'mllJ' "'IIJ' IIJf.r "'IU11I."'i. contlict with the interests of his client;
hmn.cJ>ID' IIJf,9" hmn,"','" Y.1n~: ,"JC:f"'lf.nJnJr 2) the person or community which receives servke has
'1'~'9"',' ct:I\')'}' .fl\:':IIJ' ().I'") : interests that are not compatible with the interest of
the advocate or his client.
1A' 1ii1:lif~:t ~.Y..I..A. ~,~I.'1' ;J/Ln, '11'1'(: AtlDlIhl.9" Ii: '1>'Iiif1K '}.9". Federal Negarit Gazeta - No.1 24'hSeptember, 1999-Page 1168

~u. ~., f ;""1 h1A "I/\"'}' it/\t'lPitm"" 49. Rendering Free Legal Services (Pro Bono Publico
1II/1;;:(I)'S'u mn,cJ> n~t' (D~~ nh~it,,.;;: htt:,f n~oP"" Service)
n.,f1it f~ c'1~,)- f ~"h"1 h1A "1/\""" oPitm"" h/\n"" II
Any advocate shall render at least 50 hours of legal
h',A "I/\"'}- fOl/.c'1mcD'S'u I service, in a year, free of charge or upon minimum
A' ft'lPht.A h:"S'U /\/\./Vf:(I)' c'1sP:f. I
payment. The service shall be rendered to;
~. /\no) hf:('.O)"" .~'C:f."':'}" : Mto.h f:C~,":f' :
I) persons who can not afford to pay,
/\UI/Un~c'111 ",*UlN' I
2) charity organizations, civic organizations, com-
It,}. f'I'1):"£" h',AOI/\""" h1.1t,f1'f. /\OI/.m~
1:' t't=C.~' munity institutions;
,cJ>:':(I). c'1sP:}'. I
3) persons to whom court requests legal service;
!!. ;,,"n I f;"°l 11D',f')',' ft't="";" r'C~i:1 /\1II/7i7iA
4) committees and institutions that work for im-
/\ n'I.I"'~ t'III/..1:sP:}"',' Y.:c~"':f'
~(I)':: proving the law, the legal profession and the justice
system.
~. h1AOI/\"'}'1 hitoPAh,Y. it/\OI/.c'1ToP°I/\66J.
50. Communications Concerning Services
1II/1;;:(I)'S''' mn,cJ> it/\ ~,(,.c'1' (D~~ it/\OI/.c'1m(l)' h1A
Any advocate may not give false or misleading com-
°1/\":" Oc'1"';;: m~S'U flll/.,fllit"" oP°I/\66J. oPitm""
f/\,»}'S''' :: hmn,cJ> flll/.c'1T oP..,/\66J. Uc'1"';;: ClJ~~ munication about himself or his services. A I:om-
flll/.,f"it:" ~ClJ'/\)1A flll/:'}',/\ClJ': munication given by an advocate is false or misleading
A' t't=t. ~'Il: ClJ~S'U~"h°l ,fAln(l)'1 h1J.'.ln hf:Co) if it:
I) contains a material misrepresentation of fact or law.
""'~n m~S'U h')f:') t't=/o ~1C noPJ.'.n:" h1Y.:1
}',1)11Ahm'~'}- hitoPit/\" il.,.~n : or omits a fact to make a statement wnsidered true;
~. mn,cJ> nhchc ll.,fit1'fm' flll/::;'i\ClJ'1 ClJ'm"" 2) creates an unjustified expectation about the results
}',:J'i nlll/:"~'n "",n. .fAln ,,.it4- h1.1tt.mC the advocate can achieve by exaggerating the
h',4.4- (D~~ fJU1 fr'~ ~""1C J.'.111 fOl/.Tit possible results or the advocate promises that he
IIY..') noPm"'S'U /\.,.~f. (I)'m"" i\1II/it11')- :1'A can achieve results hy means that violate these
f',') c'1.lr1: Regultions;
I:' n'",,").'16f!> III/~:J"'I' flll/.:FA tJAln nit.,..,.c h1f: 3) compares the services he renders with other ad-
mn,cJ>f(,.(}'1 f'I',n:"" h',A..,/\""" h/\./\":f mn4'>1'
vocates' services unless the comparison can he
h',AOI/\""" .n: nUl/~"oc f(,.c'1-1 ""'.A'" flll/..f"~ factually substantiated.
oP°Ii\66J.hc'1m I
~m' :: 51. Truthfdness in Statement to Others
Any advocate may not give a false statement of material
jji. f.1n;;:1 hitoPAh,Y. iti\III/.c'1..,oP°Ii\66J.
fact or law to a third person concerning his client.
1II/1;;:ClJ'S'U mn,cJ> f.V.1n;;:eD-1 1'~~ hitoPAh."
i\"it.,.;;: (01ti1' wt=t. ',.~f.S''' Ir~ n;"°l ~1Y.: '!c'1''';;: 52. Advertising
fin oPl.~ oPitm')- h~"}"AS'uI: I) Any advocate may advertise the legal services he
j~' lII/it:J-cf).t.f iti\lII/it(Ofl':" renders through outdoor advertising or other mass
UI"";;:ClJ'S'Umn.cJ> flll/.c'1mm.1 f;".., h1A..,i\""" media. The advertisement shall be brief, dear ami
A'
nlll/.i\mt't= Ullit:".(f)4!..fc;' n/\.i\"1' oP1";;: ,nll-'!1 correct and shall contain the name and address of
111..sP1' OI/it".tpm:" ~':;'''A :1 lII/it:"(04!..f(O' the advocate and, the service he renders and work
h6f!>C: °/A"",' '}-hhi\;;: Irti fmn:1'm.1 it~ : expenence.
hY.'(,.7j I fOl/.c'1mClJ'1 h1A..,/\"""" fr'(,. A~f: 2) Any advocate shall give a copy of the adver-
t'/OOIi\'" ~tiCn:"A :: tisement to the body that issues advocacy license 30
.
~. UI"";;:ClJ'S'u mn.cJ> Ullit:"ClJ4!..fClJ-1 i\oP1c;';;: 11f1''!1 days before the advertisement is sent to mass
ht'/O" h. hIP"" "",...,. nk"" i\T11:"c;' L.cJ>f: c'16f!>(O' media.
hilA h1f: it'l: h.).lt1.Cc'1ClJ'III/f:~'" hi\,):,' :1 3) An advertisement prepared pursuant to this artide
I:' lULU h1.,.,,' oPl"(.'}- i\OI/.II;J~ lII/it:t'ClJ4!..f~II"" shall include the name of at least one advocate
'hn.f.t fOl/.lr') n..f1it fh1f: mn:1' it~ responsible for its content.
t'/O(,")'oPC hi\,»}' ::
53. Advertising Fields of Profession
foo'.f IICt't=1 iti\lII/it',.tp(O:"
=tf.' I) Any advol:ate may communicate the fact that he
UI,.P'':eD-~ mn.cJ> n'Nf)c'1~ f;".., IICtt: h1A,?/\"'}-
A' does or does not render service in a particular field
flll/.c'1'r (O~S'U flll/~c'1T oPlr~1 lII/it:"(O:'-
of law.
fJ"}""A ::
2) An advocate may communicate that he is a
~. Inn.cJ> n'''(Oc'1~ f ;"°' IICtt: A f. iJm..,."" ClJ~~
specialist in a particular filed of law when he is
m'H1.}.H' hi\~ ,ni\" i\lII/it:t'ClJ:" fOl/.:fi\m. fAf.
iJClJ..,...,. (O~S'u fm'111""~"" "'iJ~'" i\oPitm""
certified by the organ authorized by law to do so
n,nO, r'AtlJ1 f"'c'1meD' hilA f~ithC (01."'''''
and the certification is acknowledged by the body
issuing advocacy license.
ltc'1mClJ'" ~lttu:~": nT11:"" L:1'f: c'1'L1.ClJ-
hilA
c'1.:"(I):" ~(I)' :1
 Ii-"'h~" Ir +, IIlUI ,.,..
'''Iii(Iif~fi ~~~.A ~;J~.}';JILIfJ<IITC -
FederalNegaritGazeta No.1 241bSeptember, 1999-Page 1169

2i!. nX"c~-r 189'"Moom+9'" 54. Using Firm Name

~. IP/1~OJ-9'"mn:J> fO?m+9'"n-r f1'l1.}>'i 1\1A..,A--r 1) Any advocate may publicize his legal service by a
X"C~-r i8!11"/.h001"'P'-r : ht1t1l1l tD"9'" hn') JWU1icular name, letters or other professional desig-
1\X"(,.')-r X"C~-r 189'";JC IO?ooltltA hI8t}AIf~
nation unless the name he uses is similar to the name
X"~i8 f1'l1.}>'i 1\'IA..,it"1:1 h"'tDlt~ 189'": .c.1.I\-r ot'&¥overnment, public or charitable organization.
tD"9'" ,\.1\ fOO-.f i8.fll"/.IP/I8"''PtD+,,"fl\A :1 2) A lawTUm whid~'fenders services in more than one
I' h1\1X" tJAA nl\" tD"9'" n.,.it!f "P'AIIJ1~Ch1 - ,
region or in different hierarchies ofjurisdictions may
1.~~""f 1\'IA..,A--r fO?lt1' f1'l1.}>'i X"C~-r OO? publicize itself in a single name; however, the
IP (,.IFfOJ- P'~(,.f>"f h(,.(}'1 n 1\1X" 189'" IP/i8+'PtD.}>
advertisement shall indicate the region where the
,,"fl\A : nO?!tDlIJOJ-IP/I8;rtD<t! .." fo?'lP(,.n-r1
firm practices and the jurisdictional hierarchy licen-
tJAA'i nh!1'&;1~ tJAA h1JlIP(,. f"'~+1.it-r1
sed to. practice.
f P'AtfJ1 hch1 oo..,it1\ 1\itn-r II
3) The name of an advocate who formerly was a
r.' f1'11.}>'i X"C~-r 1\11A f~n~ mn:J> n001"'p'-r member in a firm and now holding a public office,
~I\.c. ~-r 1\" lLlf1 f'lU1ltOJ- 189'"nX"c~1: OOm(,
may not be used in the name of a law firm or it may
.f~-r oo'lA'IA CD"9'"hX"C~1: 1\1)I\-r 1\1~ f~n~
not be expressed that he was a member of the firm.
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55. Respect for Colleagues
:if;' fOO-.f f)A1.~f11 I8ltlP/tJnc 1) Any advocate shaH make sure that his relations with
~. IP/1~OJ-9'" inn:J> hl\.it.."f foo-! I)A1.~f1:t: ;JC the other professional colleagues is based on good
fO? '1 ~OJ- "'Tf.~-r n.}>1 Af1'i: noohl)nc'i noo.., faith, respect and understanding.
f1i1-r IIf. f"'oolP~'" h1Jllf1 IP/X"~'" 1\itn-rf 2) It is prohibited to insult, be little or in any other way
I. 'W. ,} uo attack the reputation of a fellow advocate in the
X"~tJ fOO-.f I)A1.~1)1 001'it~: IP/1*if1i
lD}.31" nl\.1\ nIP/1~OJ-9'" oo11X" tJl1~1itoo+H. justice forum.
oolfPhC f"'hlthlt ~OJ-I 3) Any advocate may not record the dialogue he holds
t. IP/'};;:OJ-9'"m'LcJ> h1.'}n~OJ- CDf,9'"hl\.1\ mn:J>;JC with his client or other advocate without notifying
fIP/..f1.C1OJ-'} '}..,..,C itoo.}>~1\ fO?~A'" oolf~'} them of his intention to do so.
1\llcf>Y.'lfP It.fltOJ-:" 00:" ~1\ f itn-r9"! 4) Any advocate shall reply to letters of correspondence
r~. OI/"}~CD-9'" mn.cJ> hOO-.f f)A1.~11OJ- itO?1.C(}.-r from his colleague and respect the agreement he
f P' (,. "''},.~-r 1.11.&;n.,,"f "'"llCD-') 9'"1\1i fooll entered into on this matter.
m-}-'i f,U'} "''}''~T 1\llooAtJ-f f"'1.~1CD-'} 5) Any advocate may not sit for settlement in the
119"9"~-rfIP/tJnc ..,1..;r 1\ltn-r II absence of the opposing party's advocate without the
{;. f"-itf 119"9"~'''' t}A+1.~1 ni8+cf>c 1\'}X" mO.cJ> knowledge of the said advocate, unless otherwise
f.H1t..t}(,CD- CD1'} mn.cJ> It!CD-+CD- agreed.
CD"9'" hC(}.
nl\.ltn-r h.,.h(,.t}(,CD- ;JC oo1.(,.1.C fitn-r9'" II 56. Obligations of Advocate in Proceedings
'li. ntJctJc CD:"-r fmn.cJ> ..,1..."',,"f Any advocate shall refrain from the following acts, in a
1II!'}~CD-9umn.cJ> ntJctJc CD:"-r fO?h"''''-r'} Y.'C1.-f:r-
proceeding;
1) institute a case or forward a litigation motivated by
hoot.~9" 00~m11 1\itn-r I
envy or bad faith to injure the other party,
(i. n9"cf>~~-r CDf,9" ntJ4- Af1'i .,.~ltll'" I\.I\CD-')CD1')
2) encourage or allow a client to commit a repugnant or
f0?1'&; tJi8 CD"9" tJCtJC IP/.}>~11!
fraudulent act,
I' l.'}n~CD- fCD(,.~~-r CDf,9" fIP/'T"nCnC
X"C1.t 3) attempt to influence a judge or other official by
h '}Jl~1\9'" IP/n~:ht'-r CD"9" oo~+ X" f
~;;:'} CD"9" "'1\ f~CX" n.-r IP(,..,.~'} means not acceptable other than to convince accor-
r.' n,'h'"
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ding to the law or seek the act to be done by another
CD-'T" 1\.1\ +10. !AIf~
III!'}~ CD-9" person,
~"H' ,,1.. n 00 mcf>9"+1\ ~'1 itIP/It1.C
00 lfPhC CD"9" n 4) intentionally make papers and statements which are
"'1\ ()CD-h ') JllfPhC III!Y.'~.., :
!~. If'} 1M" ~CY.' n.-r'} fO?!lti8-r exaggerated, mislead the court; or,
CD"9" f+ ;J~~
5) intentionally mislead the court by falsifying the
~'Ih.£"f'i '}"'''lC III!X"~'" :
{;. n9"i8tJC~T .cJ>A CD"9" flP~X" f,1IT 1\" fm()T . testimonies. of witnesses or the contents of a
Y.'C.t -r noo~~9" ~CX" n.-r'} itIP/ltlt-r oolfPhC f document,
n..,A1\ t\.,.~¥- 1\"'f111~-r fl\.ltCD-'} IP/"'~~ 1\"'1) 6) produce to court as though relevant an evidence
1;'
1n-r .fitCD- 1\i8oo"'it" It~CX" n.-r IP/.}>~11f which is clearly irrelevant to the matter,
7) counselor induce a person who is required as a
1: it'l.~¥- n9"...tJC~-r 00.}>~11 fO? 'I I)CD-ltCD- ~CX"
n.-}' h'}~"+C1) III!f)nA CD"9" oo9"hc f witness, not to appear before court,
~. 1\'}Y.',} 9'"i8tJc 8) nag, traumatize or threaten a witness in methods that
"'"0. f1AIf~ 00'}1X" IP/oo'i~.}>:
III!'" (,1.1.~.}> CDf,9" III! i8~(,.(,.-r ! are inappropriate.
1K' 1ii£.lilC: 1..1.,t./A ~.7~.}. .7.LIfJ <I:'I'CIi ooilhl,.. Ic +, IillU OJ.,... Federal Negarit Gazeta - No.1 241hSeptember, 1999-Page 1170

2~' hIU'P~ hlf)' r., 9""'f)r.'T iU\OIJ&.:"

57. Refraining from Repugnant Acts
.1I'/'}~tD-9" mn* n;hJ.',ID1: tD-ia... fOO-ItD-'} h-(lc
Any advocate shall, in his life, refrain from any
lLl"'Y;tt. h"7.TA 1I'/'}~tD-9" 'J.',""" hia"'P~ I}tJ~ f&.+
repugnant behavior which would harm the honor or his
OIJIf'} h t\ n"" ==
profession.
2~' f r., 9""?t1C 1-Y;t\"" OIJ~ROO-'} iat\II'/(aID:" 58. Notifying Unethical Conduct
1I'/'}~tD-9" mn:J> hlttJ n;J-T f"'OIJt\h1:"" 0IJ~'la1l'/ Any advocate on knowledge of the following violation
TtD-'} "'}'&;ID+ Y;C1.1:'} f ~ROIJtD-'} "'tD- ia9"'i f"'~1:,} shall have the obligation to notify to the body issuing
'J.',""" nOlJ..,t\~ t\L:J>Y: ""IJ.tD- hilA 1DJ.',9" nhil advocacy license or to the local justice administration
I}(ltD- t\ "7.1; tD- ftt."";h h ia.,..&;1.C I) t\r A tI)'} fll'/ ia
authority or to the name of the advocate and the type of
;J-ID:" .., 1..;J- h t\ n"" : the violation.
lie h,}Y; mn:J> J.',tJ'} 1.'}-(I ...(8 h"'1; ; 1) where an advocate violates these, regulations;
I' h '}Y; "'tD- f",-(I:"'i L:J>Y; (af.,tj 1.tD- f (I:"'i 2) where a person renders legal service without
h1 A.., tr>"'" l1."'", h"'1 1"; IDJ.',9" having advocacy license;
f.' h,}Y; mn:J> n (I:"'i ~:J>~ h"'~+1.t\"" tD-~ 3) where an advocate is found rendering advocacy
l1.1P&.h"'1;== service in violation of the conditions attached to the
f.'} 0- f"7.8'in"" 1.1.. license.
!lil'
f.,tJ f.,}-(I n4..1..&.A ";J~"" ;Jlf.tI) ;J-"""" hlDtI)n"" +'} 59. Effective Date

1.9"r.' fO'i J.',1f'iA== These Regulations shall enter into force on the date of
their publication in the Federal Negarit Gazeta.

hJtia hilI} OIJiahl.9" If. +'} Iilf.11 ,.9" Done at Addis Ababa this 24thday of September, 1999.

OIJ
t\ ia ''''1''£ MELESZENAWI
f h. """A'1 4..1..&.",£ Jt".,h &.l1.1'£ ~ T-(llLh PRIME MINISTER OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC
m :,." J.', "7. t ia""C REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA