MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Frenkel defect is also known as ________.

(i) stoichiometric defect (ii) dislocation defect (iii) impurity defect (iv) non- stoichiometric

2. Which of the following is correct?

(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (iii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)

3. Close packing is maximum in the crystal lattice of

a) FCC b) BCC c) Simple Cubic d) None of these

4. The percentage of empty space in a body centred cubic arrangement is ________

a) 74 b) 68 c) 32 d) 26

5.  The crystal showing Frenkel defect is-

(a) (b) (c) (d)

6. In which of the following arrangements octahedral voids are formed?
(i) hcp (ii) bcc (iii) fcc (iv) simple cubic
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (iii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)

6. The total number of tetrahedral voids in the face cantered unit cell is __________.
a) 6 b) 8 c) 10 d) 12

7. A compound is formed by elements X and P. This crystallizes in the cubic structure where the X atoms are at
the corners of the cube and Y atoms are at the body centres. The simplest formula of the compound is:
a) XY b) XY2 c) X2Y3 d) XY3

8. Fe3O4 (magnetite) is an example of
(a) normal spinel structure
(b) inverse spinel structure
(c) fluoride structure
(d) anti fluorite structure

9. The number of atoms in unit cell in simple cubic, FCC and BCC are
(a) 1, 2,4 (b) 1,2,3 (c) 1,4,2 (d) 1 , 3,2 Bottom of Form

10.Which one of the following is non-crystalline or amorphous?

(a) Diamond (b) Graphite (c) Glass (d) Common Salt

11.How many chloride ions are surrounding sodium ion in sodium chloride crystal ?
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 6 (d) 12
12. Alkali halids do not show Frenkel defect because
(a) cations and anions have almost equal size
(b) there is a large difference in size of cations and anions
(c) cations and anions have low coordination number
(d) anions cannot be accommodated in voids

13. Fe3O4 (magnetite) is an example of

(a) normal spinel structure (b) inverse spinel structure
(c) fluoride structure (d) anti fluorite structure

14.Which of the following crystals does not exhibit Frenkel defect?

(a) AgBr (b) AgCl (c) KBr (d) ZnS

15. Type of stoichiometric defect is shown by ZnS?

(a) Schottky defect (b) Frenkel defect
(c) Both Frenkel and Schottky defects (d) Non-stoichiometric defect

16. Silver halides generally show

(a) Schottky defect (b) Frenkel defect
(c) Both Frenkel and Schottky defects (d) cation excess defect

17.Which of the following will have metal deficiency defect?

(a) NaCl (b) FeO (c) KCl (d) ZnO

18. What is the effect of Frenkel defect on the density of ionic solids?
(a) The density of the crystal increases
(b) The density of the crystal decreases
(c) The density of the crystal remains unchanged
(d) There is no relationship between density of a crystal and defect present in it

19. In a Schottky defect

(a) an ion moves to interstitial position between the lattice points
(b) electrons are trapped in a lattice site
(c) some lattice sites are vacant
(d) some extra cations are present in interstitial space

20. To get n-type of semiconductor, germanium should be doped with

(a) gallium (b) arsenic (c) aluminium (d) boron

21. p-type semiconductors are formed When Si or Ge are doped with

(a) group 14 elements (b) group 15 elements
(c) group 13 elements (d)group 18 elements

22. Which of the following conditions favours the existence of a substance in the solid state?
(a) High temperature (b) Low temperature
(c) High thermal energy (d) Weak cohesive forces

23. Crystalline solid:

a) abruptly from solid to liquid when heated.
b) no definite melting point.
c) deformation of its geometry easily
d) irregular 3-dimensional arrangements.

24. a simple cubic, body-centred cubic and face-centred cubic structure, the ratio of the number of atoms present
is respectively
(a) 8:1:6 (b) 1:2:4 (c) 4:2:1 (d) 4:2:3

25. and Mg crystallize in crystals of bcc and fcc form respectively and then the amount of Na and Mg atoms
Present in their respective crystal unit cells is:
(a) 4 and 2 (b) 9 and 14 (c) 14 and 9 (d) 2 and 4

26. Oxide has a cubic structure and each unit cell edge is 5.0A o. Assuming the oxide density is 4.0g / cm 3, the
amount of Fe2+ and O2- ions in each unit cell will then be
a) Fe2+ and four O2- b) Fe2+ and four O2- c) Fe2+ and two O2- d) Fe2+ and
2-
three O

27. Of the following solids shows the Frenkel defect except

(a) ZnS (b)AgBr (c) AgI (d)KCl

28. Defect in a crystal is observed when

a) ion leaves its normal position and occupies an interstitial location
b) unequal number of cation and anions are missing from the lattice
c) density of the crystal increases.
d) equal number of cations and anions are missing from the lattice.

29. crystalline in FCC with a unit cell length of 361pm. What is the radius of a copper atom?
a)128pm b)157pm c)181pm d)108pm

30. the orthorhombic system, axial ratios are a ≠ b ≠ c and the axial angles are:
a) = β = γ ≠ 90o b) ≠ β ≠ γ ≠ 90o c) = β = γ = 90o d) ≠ β ≠ γ = 90o

31. The fraction of the total volume occupied by the atoms present in a simple cube is
(a) π/4 (b) π/6 (c) π/3√2 (d) π/4√2

32. The edge length of fcc cell is 508 pm. If radius of cation is 110 pm, the radius of anion is
(a) 110 pm (b) 220 pm (c) 285 pm (d) 144 pm

33. The density of a metal which crystallises in bcc lattice with unit cell edge length 300 pm and molar mass 50 g
mol-1 will be
(a) 10 g cm-3 (b) 14.2 g cm-3 (c) 6.15 g cm-3 (d) 9.3 2 g cm-3

34. How many lithium atoms are present in a unit cell with edge length 3.5 Å and density 0.53 g cm -3? (Atomic
mass of Li = 6.94):
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 6

35.The distance between Na+ and Cl– ions in NaCl with a density 2.165 g cm-3
(a) 564 pm (b) 282 pm (c) 234 pm (d) 538 pm
36. An element with atomic mass 100 has a bcc structure and edge length 400 pm. The density of element is
(a) 10.37 g cm-3 (b) 5.19 g cm-3 (c) 7.29 g cm-3 (d) 2.14 g cm-3

37. Close packing is maximum in the crystal which is

(a) bcc (b) fcc (c) simple cubic (d) end centred cubic

38. In a solid lattice, the cation has left a lattice site and is located at an interstitial position. The lattice defect is
(a) n-type (b) p-type (c) Frenkel defect (d) Schottky defect

39. The coordination number of metal crystallizing in a hexagonal close packing structure are
(a) 12 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 10
56.In a body centred unit cell, the number of atoms present is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

40. In a trigonal crystal

(a) a = b = c, α = ß = γ ≠ 90° (b) a = b ≠ c, α = ß = γ = 90°
(c) a ≠ b ≠ c, α = ß = γ = 90° (d) a = b ≠ c, α = ß = 90°, γ = 120°

41. In a body centred cubic structure, the space occupied is about

(a) 74% (b) 20% (c) 68% (d) 52.4%

42. Polar crystals when heated produce small electrical current. The phenomenon is called
(a) Ferroelectricity (b) Anti-ferroelectricity (c) Pyroelectricity (d) Piezoelectricity

43. A crystal system with axes a ≠ b ≠ c and angles α ≠ ß ≠ γ ≠ 90° corresponds to

(a) monoclinic (b) triclinic (c) cubic (d) tetragonal

44. To get n-type semiconductor from silicon, it should be doped with an element having valence electrons of
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 5

45.Volume occupied by atoms in fcc is

(a) 74% (b) 68% (c) 52.4% (d) 75%

46. NaCl type crystal (with coordination no. 6 : 6) can be converted into CsCl type crystal (with coordination
no. 8 : 8) by applying
(a) high temperature (b) high pressure
(c) high temperature and high pressure (d) low temperature and low pressure

47.Which of the following transition metal oxides is paramagnetic?

(a) TiO (b) VO (c) Cu2O (d) Mn2O3

48.Which of the following transition metal oxides is not an insulator?

(a) MnO (b) NiO (c) VO (d) Mn2O3

49. Coordination number in ccp and hep arrangements of metal atoms are respectively.
(a) 6, 6 (b) 12, 6 (c) 8, 6 (d) 12, 12

50. An example of body centered cube is

(a) Sodium (b) Magnesium (c) Zinc (d) Copper

51 .Fe3O4 is ferrimagnetic at room temperature but at 850 K it becomes

(a) Diamagnetic (b) Ferromagnetic (c) Non-magnetic (d) Paramagnetic
52.Which of the following is not an example of 13-15 compounds,
(a) InSb (b) GaAs (c) CdSe (d) Alp

53.For tetrahedral coordination, the radius ration (r +/r ) should be

(a) 0.155-0.225 (b) 0.225-0.414 (c) 0.414-0.732 (d) 0.732-1

54.A compound formed by elements A and B crystallises in the cubic structure where A atoms are at comers of a
cube and B atoms are at face centres. The formula of the compound is
(a) AB3 (b) A2B (c) AB2 (d) A2B3

55. How many space lattices are possible in a crystal?

(a) 23 (b)7 (c) 230 (d) 14

56. The number of atoms in bcc arrangement is

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6

57 In face-centered cubic unit cell, edge length is

(a) 4/√3r (b) 4/√2r (c) 2r (d) √3/2r

58. In a face-centered cubic lattice, unit cell is shared equally by how many unit cells?
(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 8

59.The percentage of iron present as Fe (III) in Fe 0.93 O1.0 is

(a) 17.7% (b) 7.84% (c) 11.5% (d) 9.6%

60. Which of the following fcc structure contains cations in alternate tetrahedral voids?
(a) NaCl (b) ZnS (c) Na2O (d) CaF2

61.The numbers of tetrahedral voids in the unit cell of a face centered cubic lattice of similar atoms is
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 10 (e) 12

62 The hardest substance among the following is

(a) Be2C (b) Graphite (c) Titanium (d) SiC (e) B4C

63. How many unit cells are present in a cube-shaped ideal crystal of NaCl of mass 1.00 g? (Atomic mass of Na =
213, Cl = 35.5)
(a) 5.14 × 1021 (b) 1.28 × 1021 (c) 1.71 × 1021 (d) 2.57 × 1021

64.What is the coordination number of Cl- in NaCl crystals

(a) 8 (b) 6 (c) 4 (d) 3

65.The pyknometric density of sodium chloride crystal is 2.165 × 10³ kg m -3, while its X-ray density is 2.178 × 10³
kg m-3. The fraction of the unoccupied sites in sodium chloride crystal is
(a) 5.96 (b) 15.96 × 10-2 (c) 5.96 × 10-1 (d) 5.96 × 10-3

66.If Z is the number of atoms in the unit cell that represents the closest packing sequence….ABC ABC….the
number of tetrahedral voids in the unit cell is equal to
(a) Z (b)2/Z (c) Z/2 (d) Z/4

67.If the distance between Na+ and Cl– ions in sodium chloride crystal is X pm the length of the edge of the unit
cell is
(a) 4X pm (b) X/4 pm (c) X/2 pm (d) 2 × pm
68. Which of the following metal oxides is antiferromagnetic in nature?
(a) MnO2 (b) TiO2 (c) VO2 (d) CrO2

69.The liquefied metal expanding on solidification is

(a) Ga (b) Al (c) Zn (d) Cu

70.The number of unit cells in 58.5 g of NaCl is nearly

(a) 6 × 1020 (b) 3 × 1022 (c) 1.5 × 1023 (d) 0.5 × 1024

CASE STUDY / PASSAGE BASED QUESTIONS

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Paragraph 1: The concentration of a solute is very important in studying chemical reactions because it
determines how often molecules collide in solution and thus indirectly determine the rate of reactions and the
conditions at equilibrium. There are several ways to express the amount of solute present in a solution. The
concentration of a solution is a measure of the amount of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of
solvent or solution. Concentration can be expressed in terms of Molarity, molality, parts per million, mass
percentage, volume percentage, etc.

The following questions are multiple By questions. Choose the most appropriate Answer

(1) A solution is prepared using aqueous KI which is turned out to be 20% w/w. Density of KI is 1.202 g/ml.
The molality of the given solution and mole fraction of solute are respectively
(a) 1.95 m, 0.120. (b) 1.5 m, 0.0263 (c) 2.5 m, 0.0569. (d) 3.0 m, 0.0352

(2) The molarity (in mol L) of the given solution will be Paragraph 1
(a) 1.56 (b) 1.89 (c) 0.263. (d) 1.44

(3) Which of the following is temperature dependent?

(a) Molarity (b) Molality (c) Mole fraction (d) Mass percentage

(4) Which of the following is true for an aqueous solution of the solute concentration?
(a) IM=1m. (b) 1M> Im. (c) IM<1m (d) Cannot be predicted in terms of

Paragraph 2
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions
At 298 K, the vapour pressure of pure benzene, C, 6H6 is 0.256 bar and the vapour pressure of pure toluene
C6H5CH3 is 0.0925 bar. Two mixtures were prepared as follows:
(1) 78g of benzene+ 92 g of toluene
(2) 39 g of benzene + 138 g of toluene

The following questions are multiple choice questions

1: The total vapour pressure (bar) of solution 1
(a)0.128 (b) 0.174 (c) 0.198 (d) 0.258

2.Which of the given solutions have higher vapour pressure?

a) First one (b) second one (c) both have equal vapour pressure (d) Cannot be predicted.
3. Mole fraction of benzene in vapour phase in solution is
(a) 0.128. (b)0.174. (C). 0,734 (d)0.266

4. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

(l) Mole fraction of toluene in vapors phase is more in solution L
(II) Mole fraction of toluene in vapour phase is less in solution L
(III) Mole fraction of benzene in vapour phase is less in solution L
a) Only II b) Only III (C) I and III. (d) II and III

5. Solution I is an example of an
(a) ideal solution
(b) non-ideal solution with positive deviation
(c) non-ideal solution with negative deviation
(d) can’t be predicted.

Paragraph 3
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
An ideal solution may be defined as the solution which obeys Raoult’s law exactly over the entire range of
concentration. The solutions for which vapour pressure is either higher or lower than that predicted by Raoult’s
law are called non-ideal solutions. Non-ideal solutions can show either positive or negative deviations from
Raoult’s law depending on whether the A-B interactions in solution are stronger or weaker than A-A and B-B
Interactions.

The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:
(1) Which of the following solutions is/are ideal solutions
(l) Bromo ethane and idoethane
(II) Acetone and chloroform
(III) Benzene and acetone
(IV)n-heptane and n-hexane
(a) only l (b) I and II (c) II and III (d) I and IV

2. For which of the following solutions ∆H and∆Vis negative

a. Acetone and aniline
b. Ethyl alcohol and cyclohexane
C. Acetone and CS2
d. Benzene and toluene

3. Which of the following is not true for positive deviations?

(a) The A-A interactions in solution are weaker than the A-A and B-B interactions
(b) PA <P°A XA and PB < P°B XB
(c) Carbon tetrachloride and chloroform mixture is an example of positive deviations.
(d) All of these.

4. Water-HCI mixture
I. shows positive deviations.
II. forms minimum boiling azeotrope
III. shows negative deviations
IV. Form maximum boiling azeotrope see
(a) I and II. (b) II and II (c) I and IV (d) III and IV
Paragraph 4
The properties of the solutions which depend only on the number of solute particles but not on the nature of
the solute are called colligative properties. Relative lowering in vapour pressure is also an example of colligative
properties. For an experiment, sugar solution is prepared for which lowering in vapour pressure was found to be
0.061 mm of Hg. (Vapour pressure of water at 20C is 17.5 mm of Hg.)

The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:.
1. Relative lowering of vapour pressure for the given solution is
(a) 0.00348. (b)0.06 (c)0.122. (d) 1.75

2. The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of solution will be

(a) 175. (b) 0.61 (c) 17439. (d) 0.00348

3. Mole fraction of sugar in the solution is

(a) 0.00348 (b) 0.9965 (c) 0.061. (d) 1.75

4. If weight of sugar taken is 5 g in 108 g of water then molar mass of sugar will be
(a) 358 (b)120 (c) 240 (d) 400
5.The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of water at 293 K when 25 g of glucose is dissolved In 450 g of water is
(a) 17.2 (b) 174. A (c) 17.120 (d) 17.02

Paragraph 5
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
Few colligative properties are: the molar concentration solute à solution of glucose is prepared with 0.052 g at
glucose in 80.2 g of water.
(a) relative lowering of vapour pressure: depends only on molar concentration of solute (mole fraction) and
independent of its nature
(b) depression in freezing point-t is proportional to the molal concentration of solution.
(c) elevations of boiling point: it is proportional to the molal concentration of solute
(d) osmotic pressure: it is proportional to (Kf=, 1.86 K kg mol and Kb=O.52Kkg mol )

The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:
1.Molality of the given solution is
(a) 0,0052 m (b) 0.0036 m (c) 0.0006 m (d) 1.29 m

2. Boiling point for the solution will be

(a) 373.05 K. (b) 373.15 K (c) 373.02 K. (d) 372.98 K

3.The depression in freezing point of solution will be

(a) 0.0187 K (b) 0.035 K (c) 0.082 K. (d) 0.067 K

4. Mole fraction of glucose in the given solution is

(a) 6.28 x 10-⁵ (b) 1.23x10-⁴ (C) 0.00625 (d) 0.00028

5.If same amount of sucrose (C₁₂H₂O) is taken instead of glucose then

(a) elevation in boiling point will be higher
(b) depression in freezing point will be higher
 (c) depression in freezing point will be lower
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Paragraph 6
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
The solubility of gases increases with increase of pressure. William Henry made a systematic investigation of the
Solubility of a gas in a liquid. According to Henry’s law “the mass of a gas dissolved per unit volume of the
solvent at constant temperature is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the
solution”. Dalton during the same period also concluded independently that the solubility of a gas in a liquid
solution depends upon the partial pressure of the gas If we use the mole fraction of gas in the solution as a
measure of its solubility, then Henry’s law can be modified as “the partial pressure of the gas in the vapour
phase is directly proportional to mole fraction of the gas in the solution.

The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:

1. Henry’s law constant for the solubility of methane in benzene at 298 K is 4.27 x 10-⁵mm Hg. The solubility
of methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mm Hg is
(a) 4.27 x 10–⁵. (b) 1.78 x 10–³ (c) 4.27 x10–³ (d.) 1.78 x 10-⁵

2. The partial pressure of ethane over a saturated solution containing 6.56 x 10²g of ethane is 1 bar. If the
solution contains 5.00x 10² g of ethane, then what will be the partial pressure (in bar) of the gas
(a) 0.762. (b) 1.312 (c) 3.81 (d) 5.0

3. When a gas is bubbled through water at 298 K a very dilute solution of the gas is obtained. Henry’s law
constant K H for the gas at 298 K is 150 kbar. If the gas exerts a partial pressure of 2 bar, the number of
millimoles of the gas dissolved in 1 L of water is
(a) 0.55 (b) 0.87 (c) 0.37 (d) 0.66

4. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) KH increases with increase of temperature
(b) KH decreases with increase of temperature
(c) KH remains constant with increase of temperature.
(d) KH first increases then decreases, with increase of temperature.

Questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the

correct answer out of the following choices.
(I) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason does not explain assertion.
(II) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason explains the assertion.
(III) Both assertion and reason are wrong statement.
(iv) Assertion is correct statement and reason is wrong statement.
(IV) Assertion is wrong statement and reason is correct statement.

1. Assertion. Molarity of a solution in liquid state changes with temperature.

Reason. The volume of a solution changes with change in temperature.

2 Assertion. When methyl alcohol is added to water, Boiling point of water increases.
Reason. When a volatile solute is added to a volatile solvent, elevation in boiling point is observed.

3. Assertion. When NaCl is added to water a depression in freezing point is observed.

Reason. The lowering of vapour pressure of a Solution causes depression in the freezing point.

4.Assertion. When a solution is separated from the pure solvent by a semipermeable membrane, the Solvent
molecules pass through it from pure solvent side to the solution side.
Reason. Diffusion of solvent occurs from a region of high concentration solution to a region of low
concentration solution.

5. Assertion. The molecular weight of acetic acid determined by depression in freezing point method in benzene
and water is found to be different.
Reason. Water is polar and benzene in non-polar.

6. Assertion. If red blood cells were removed from the body and placed in pure water, pressure inside the cells
increases.
Reason. The concentration of the salt content in the cells increases.

7. Assertion. 1.575 g of H₂C₂O4.2H₂O in 250 mL solution makes it 0.1 N.

Reason. H₂C₂O4.2H₂O is a dihydrate organic acid.

8. Assertion. One molar aqueous solution has always higher concentration than one molal
Reason. The molality of a solution depends up on molal Density of the solution whereas molarity does not.

9. Assertion. Higher the molal depression constant of the solvent used, higher the freezing point of solution.
Reason. Depression in freezing point does not depend on the nature of the solvent.

10. Assertion: Molarity of a solution in liquid state changes with temperature.

Reason The volume of a solution changes with change in temperature

11. Assertion The volume of a solution changes with change in temperature When NaCl is added to water a
depression in freezing point is observed.
Reason: The lowering of vapour pressure of a solution causes depression in the freezing

12. Assertion: When a solution is separated from the pure solvent by a semi-permeable membrane, the solvent
molecules pass through it from pure solvent side to the solution side.
Reason: Diffusion of solvent occurs from a region of high concentration solution to a region of low
concentration solution.

13. Assertion: Molecular mass of polymers cannot be calculated using boiling point or Freezing point methods.
Reason Polymers solution do not posses a constant boiling point or freezing point.:

14. Assertion: Non-ideal solutions always from azeotropes.

Reason: Boiling point of azeotrope may be higher or lower than boiling points of both Components.