Design of the Sequential Circuits (easily decoded code) - author solved examples

Lecture notes for course PA 192/7

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 7) Design of the sequential circuit with easily decoded code of the inner states

Design sequential circuit for separation of the input sequence bits 01101 whereas overlapping
of the sample is accepted. This sequence is indicated by logical 1 on the output z. Design the
separator as the Mealy automat. Use D flip-flops for realization of one.

Solutions - Option 1:
Code inner states as 0000, 0001, 0010, 0100, 1000

1/
0/ 0
0
0000 0/ 0001 1/ 0010 1/ 0100 0/ 1000
0 0 0 0
0/ 1/
1/ 0
0/ 1
0
0

x x
0 1 y4 y3 y2 y1 0 1 A E E AA
B B C
A B/ A/ 0000 0001/ 0000/ B - - BC
0 0 0 0 B xy
B B/ C/ 0001 0001/ 0010/ - - - -
0
B/ 0
D/ 0
0001/ 0
0100/ C C
C 0010 - - 4
S
0
E/ 0
A/ 0
1000/ 0
0000/ B
D
D
D
D 0100 - - S*
0
B/ 0
C/ 0
0001/ 0
0010/ E A
E 1000 - - - -
0 1 0 1
- - - -
- - - -
y3
x u u s u x u u u u x y2 x
s s u u y4 y4 u u u y4
y4 r
D4

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
y1 0 0 0
u u u u u u
y4
x

- - r - - s - - - -
1 0 0 0 0 0
- - - - y1 y1* - - - - y2 y2* - - - - y3 y3* - - - - y4 y4*
u u u u
s - - r - - r - - s - -
0 0 0 0
u u u u u
- - - - r - - r s - -
y3y2y

0 0 0 0 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
y3y2y - - - - y3y2y - - - - y3y2y - - - - y3y2y- - - -
D3
y4
x

1 1 1 1

u u u
0 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 - - 0 0 - - 1 0 - - 0 0 - - 0
y3y2y

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1

1 - - 0 0 - - 0 0 - - 1 0 - - 0
0 - - 0 0 - - 0 0 - - 0 1 - - 0
D2

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
y4
x

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y3y2y
1
 D
1
y4
x
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

y3y2y
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

1
Diagram no. 12.1: Postup odvození budicích funkcí s  modifikovaným
kódováním 1zN

D1 = y3 x D2 = y4 x + y1 x D3 = y 2 x D4 = y 3 x

& y1 &
DT z
y1
&
& y2
DT
&
y2
&
DT
y3
y3
&
DT
y4
y4

CL
K
Figure 7.1: Scheme of the separator with easily decoded code I) – first form

If you redraw the diagram in the linear form- see Figure 7 .2 - you get a similar scheme
operating chains with back connection.

x
x &
& DT 1 DT & DT & DT
&

CL
K
Figure 7.2: cheme of the separator with easily decoded code I) – second form

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 Solutions - Option 2:
Code inner states as 0000, 0001, 0011, 0111, 1111

1/
0/ 0
0
0000 0/ 0001 1/ 0011 1/ 0111 0/
1111
0 0 0 0
0/ 1/
1/ 0
0/ 1
0
0
x x x
0 1 y4 y3 y2 y1 0 1 A y
- - AA
B
A B/ A/ 0000 0001/ 0000/ B - - BC 4
0
B/ 0
C/ 0
0001/ 0
0011/ B
B 0001 C - - C S
0
B/ 0
D/ 0
0001/ 0
0111/ B D
C 0011 - - - - S*
0
E/ 0
A/ 0
1111/ 0
0000/
D 0111 - - - -
0
B/ 0
C/ 0
0001/ 0
0011/
E 1111 - - - -
0 1 0 1
D E E D
E B C A
- - - -
y3
y2
u u u u x u u u u u u u u x u u u u x
x y1
0 0 0 0 y4 0 0 0
y4
0 0 0 0 0 y4 0 0 0 0 y4
u u u u u u u
s - - - - - - - -
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
u u u u u u u
- - y1 y1* - - s y2 y2* - - y3 y3* - - y4 y4*
1 1 0 0 0 0 0
u u u u u u
- - r - - - - s - -
1 1 1 0 0 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
u u u u u u u
r r r r r r s r r
y3y2y 1 1 1 y3y2y 1 1 y3y2y 1 y3y2y 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1 1 1 1

u u u u u u
0 x 0 x 0 x 0 x
1 -
y
- 0 4 0 - - 0 y4 0 -
y
- 0 4 0 - - 0
y4
1 - - 1 0 - - 1 0 - - 0 0 - - 0
1 - - 1 D 0 - - 1 D2 0 - - 1 D3 0 - - 0 D4
- - - - 1
- - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
y3y2y y3y2y y3y2y y3y2y
1 1 1 1

D1 = y1 y3 + y4 + x
D2 = y1 y3 x + y4 x + y3 y4 x
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D3 = y3 y4 x + y2 y3 x
D4 = y3 y4 x
 x

& D T y1 z
&
&
&
& & y2
DT

&
&
& y3
DT
&

& DT

y4
CLK

Figure 7.3: Scheme of the separator with easily decoded code II

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 Solutions - Option 3:
Code inner states as 00001, 00010, 00100, 01000, 10000

1/
0/ 0
0
0000 0/ 0001 1/ 0010 1/ 0100 0/ 1000
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0/ 1/
1/ 0
0/ 1
0
0

x x y4
y5 y4 y3 y2 y1 E D E y5
0 1 0 1 - - - - DA
B E C x
A B/ A/ 00001 0001/ 0000/ A - - - A - - -
0
B/ 0
C/ 0
0001/ 0
0010/ B- A
B 00010 - - - - - - -
0
B/ 0
D/ 0
0001/ 0
0100/ B B
C 00100 - - - - - -
0
E/ 0
A/ 0
1000/ 0
0000/ B
C
C
C
D 01000 - - - - - -
0
B/ 0
C/ 0
0001/ 0
0010/ B D
E 10000 - - - - - - - -
0 1 0 1
- - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
y3y2
y1

y4 y4 y4
y5 y5 y5
u0 u0 u0 s x s u0 u0 u0 x u0 u0 s u0 x
r u1 s u0 u0 u0
y1 y1* y2 y2* y3 y3*
u0 u0 u1 r u0 s
u0 u0 s u0 r r

y3y2y1 y3y2y1 y3y2y1

y4 y4
y5 y5
r u0 r u0 x r s r u0 x
u0 u0 u0 u0
y4 y4* y5 y5*
u0 u0 u0 u0
u0 s u0 u0

y3y2y1 y3y2y1
yy4
y5
x
y1 y1*
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 y4 y4 y4
y5 y5 y5
0 0 0 1 x 1 0 0 0 x 0 0 1 0 x
0 1 1 0 0 0
y1 y1* y2 y2* y3 y3*
0 0 1 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0

y3y2y1 y3y2y1 y3y2y1

y4 y4
y5 y5
0 0 0 0 x 0 1 0 0 x
0 0 0 0
y4 y4* y5 y5*
0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0

y3y2y1 y3y2y1

DA = A x + D x
1/
DB = A x + B x + C x + E x 0/ 0
DC = B x + E x 0
A 0/ B 1/ C 1/ D 0/ E
DD = C x 0 0 0 0
DE = D x 0/ 1/
1/ 0 0/ 1
0
0

start & z
& 1
&
& 1 DT DT & 1 DT & DT & DT
&
& &
&

CL
K
Figure 7.4: Scheme of the separator with easily decoded code III (1 from N)

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