1. Give short characteristic of the strong verbs.

Strong verbs were the most widely spread verbs during Old English. They
were subdivided into 7 classes and each class had principle part infinitive.
Infinitive was characterized by ending –an. Past Singular had no peculiar
ending. Past Plural was characterized by ending –on. Participle 2 had ending
–en. Every class had its peculiar gradation of vowels and respectively that’s
why they were subdivided into 7 classes. Also verbs had Participle 1, it was
formed with the help of suffix –ge. Verbs had grammatical categories of
Tense(only Present and Past), number (sg and pl), person, Mood (Indicative,
Subjunctive and Imperative).
Middle English is the period of reduced endings. All the verbs ended in –en.
So there was no differentiation between Past Singular, Past Plural and
Participle 2. Strong verbs were reduced in number. In Middle English strong
verbs were transformed into irregular verbs, In Modern English there are 60-
80 irregular verbs. Strong verbs have been growing less and less common
over the centuries, because their conjugations are more complicated than
weak verbs and harder to predict. That means many verbs that were strong in
Old English times are now weak.
2. What do you know about the prataerite-present verbs?
Prataerite-present verbs is a very small group of verbs. Some linguists
consider there were 12 prataerite-present verbs, others say that 11.
Prataerite-present verbs are the verbs which were ancient perfects which
later on acquired present meaning.
The Present Tense forms show gradation like Past Tense of strong verbs and
the Past Tense forms coincide with weak verbs. Prataerite-present verbs are
defective. That means that they don’t have many forms. With the help of
these verbs we have the development of the analytical system of English.
Prataerite-present verbs had grammatical categories of number and mood.
Prataerite-present verbs transformed into modal verbs. Beon developed into
to be. Wesan developed into to exist. Cunnan developed into to can.
3. When did the English language change into the analytical type?
The English language began to change into the analytical type in Middle
English. We have addition to the grammatical category of tense (Future),
appearance of Perfect forms (grammatical category of time correlations) and
grammatical category of voice. English is gradually changing into analytical
language.
Also we notice first instances of Continuous forms in Middle English. But
they become widely spread in Early Modern English. Also at that time
analytical means appear in Present and Past. Thanks to the verb system
English developed into the analytical language in the Middle English period.
In the Old English period English was a synthetic type of the language
only.Gradually through the Middle English period, taking into consideration
 all the changes in the verb system that took place, it transformed into the
analytical type of English.
We should remember that the English language combines features of both
types of language: analytical(on the basis of the verb) and synthetic(on the
basis of nominal parts of speech) ones.
4. Give short points of view about the category of voice.
In Old English there was no grammatical category of voice but there existed
peculiar compound predicate that consisted of the verb beon and Participle
2. So beon (ME ben; MnE to be) began to present a new grammatical
category of voice. Also in the creation of Passive Voice we notice the usage
of the verb weorsan as auxiliary but gradually it’s not used so frequently.
Usually when we use Passive Voice we have objects represented with the
help of prepositions by and with. In Middle English we also notice
peculiarity of sentences in which we have subject and compound predicate
expressed by Passive Voice. The word order of such a sentence is
completely different from what it was before.
So by the end of Middle English period we already have the grammatical
category of voice. It is very common in “Canterbury Tales”.
5. What do you know about the development of analytical form?
The English language began to change into the analytical type in Middle
English. Future Indefinite is the first analytical form. In Middle English
there was a combination scullan written. It developed into shall write which
is Future Indefinite.
The second analytical form penetrated into English is the form of Perfect. In
Old English there were such forms that existed of the verb habban (ME
habben; MnE have) and Participle 2 of the verb. Habban began to perform
the meaning of the auxiliary verb. It can be already found in “Canterbury
Tales”. Phrases with habben are very common in “Canterbury Tales”. Forms
of Perfect penetrate at once from Indicative into Subjunctive mood.
In Old English there was no grammatical category of voice but there existed
peculiar compound predicate that consisted of the verb beon and Participle
2. So beon (ME ben; MnE to be) began to present a new grammatical
category of voice.
Also first instances of continuous forms are found in “Canterbury Tales”.
But we can’t say that grammatical category of aspect already existed. It was
the combination of the verb beon and Participle 1. We notice the appearance
of continuous forms in Early Modern English. Also approximately in XVI-
XVII century analytical means appear in Present and Past – usage of
interrogative form of Present with do/does and interrogative form of Past
with did.
1. Give short characteristic of the weak verbs.
 Weak verbs were only appearing in Old English. They were subdivided into
3 classes and were characterized by the form of the Infinitive ending –an.
Also had Past form characterized by peculiar dental suffixes and the form of
Participle 2. So weak verbs had 3 forms, 3 classes and 2 numbers(singular
and plural). They were conjugated in Present and Past Indicative; Present
and Past Subjunctive and Imperative. So they had grammatical category of
tense and mood. They developed into the class of regular verbs.
The verb habban belonged to weak verbs. In Middle English it began to
perform the meaning of the auxiliary verb.
2. What do you know about the grammatical categories of the verb in Old
English?
In Old English verb had grammatical categories of Tense (only Present and
Past); number (singular and plural); person; mood (Indicative; Imperative
and Subjunctive) and Aspect.
3. What do you know about the development of Future Tense?
In OE there was only Present and Past tense. And there was no Future
Tense.
In Middle English there was a combination scullan written. It developed into
shall write which is Future Indefinite. That transformation changed the
interrelation of the verbs, meanings and functions of the verbs. Because of
that we may consider that this process partly belongs to morphology and
partly to syntax. Future Indefinite is the first analytical form. So beginning
with Middle English the grammatical category of tense was presented with
Present, Past and Future Indefinite.
4. When and in what way are we able to find out the existence of Perfect
Form?
Perfect was the second analytical form which developed in English. In Old
English there were such forms that existed of the verb habban (ME habben;
MnE have) and Participle 2 of the verb. Habban began to perform the
meaning of the auxiliary verb. It can be already found in “Canterbury
Tales”. Phrases with habben are very common in “Canterbury Tales”. Forms
of Perfect penetrate at once from Indicative into Subjunctive mood. When
interrogative and negative statements are made Perfect form has peculiar
function of the verb to have because that verb has no lexical meaning