PART A-Project Proposal

THE IMPORTANCE OF RECYCLING OF WASTE MANAGeMENT

Brief Introduction
Industrialization and urbanization is increasing day by day. As a result of this,
the generation of solid waste is a major problem all over the country within the urban as
well as rural area and it is increasing day by day. In view of this, the management of
solid waste produced is of prime need to keep the environment safe and clean.
Information on classification and characteristics of solid waste will enable to decide
appropriate technology about the collection and transportation of waste produced.
Various disposal methods of solid waste will enable to recommend suitable method of
disposal of solid waste with economy and acceptable environmental constraints
including reuse and recycle wherever applicable. Content on other types of solid waste
such as biomedical waste, construction waste, E-waste and plastic waste will be useful
in deciding appropriate method for collection, transportation and disposal of these
wastes. Thus, the knowledge of solid waste management with the concept like recycling,
recovery and reuse will lead to proper disposal with acceptability. This will further lead
to keeping the natural resources condemnation free.

Aim Of The Micro-Project

This Micro-Project aims to:
• The Importance Of Recycling Of Waste Management

Intended Course Outcomes

• Develop public awareness about environment.
• Execute the relevant method of collection and transportation of solid
wastes.
• Conserve Ecosystem and Biodiversity.
• Apply Technique to reduce Environmental Pollution.
• Manage Social issues and Environmental Ethics as lifelong learning.
 Literature Review
Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and
objects. The recovery of energy from waste materials is often included in this concept.
The recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the properties it had in
its original state. It is an alternative to "conventional" waste disposal that can save
material and help lower greenhouse gas emissions. It can also prevent the waste of
potentially useful materials and reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reducing
energy use, air pollution (from incineration) and water pollution (from landfilling)..
Recycling, simply put is the recovery and reprocessing of waste materials into
new products. The primary phases involved in recycling are the collection of waste
materials, their sorting, and then processing or manufacturing into new products.
Examples of materials that can be recycled include iron and steel scrap, aluminum cans,
glass bottles, paper, wood, and plastics. The recycled waste materials serve as
alternatives for raw materials needed in most production industries. Recycling helps to
reduce the quantities of solid waste deposited in landfills, which have become
increasingly expensive to dispose. Recycling also reduces air, water and land pollution
caused by poor waste disposal.
Waste can be considered as a demon with multiple heads. When we try to address
one of the issues, many more complex issues arises, and it becomes a vicious circle. At
times it seems that the situation will go out of hand and we will not be able to address
issue of waste. However determined action can address the issue of waste, steps should
be taken in systematic and regular manner and those solutions should be adopted which
are sustainable as well as environment friendly.

Proposed Methodology
• Understand the topic to given us.
• Discuss about the topic with group members.
• Divided the topic throughout each member of group.
• Collected information from members and verify from our mentor.

Resources Required
S.No. Name of Resources/material Specifications Qty Remarks

1 Computer/laptop Core i5 -3750 3.20 1 ----

GHz 8 GB Ram 64-
bit operating system
2 Software Microsoft word --- ----
 Action Plan
S. No. Details of activity Planned Planned Name of
Start Finish Responsible
date date Team
Members
1 To discuss and getting the topic of All
Micro project
2 To start planning on our Topic of All
Micro project.
3 To collect Information about our All
Topic.
4 To start with gathering information All
about recycling of Waste
Management
5 To discuss about the recycling of All
waste management.
6 To start with creating the main copy All
of our Micro project.
7 To present soft copy of our Micro All
project. to the guide Via G-Mail.
8 To show the hard copy of our Micro All
project to our guide.

Name of Responsible Team Members

Enrollment No. Name Of Members Signatures

1901320095 Aditya Vinod Borle
1901320098 Renuka Prashant Ingle
1901320099 Bhushan Suresh Kolse
1901320314 Janavi Kiranrao Sable

**************
 A
PROJECT REPORT
ON

THE IMPORTANCE OF RECYCLING OF WASTE MANAGMENT

In Partial fulfillment of Diploma in Computer Engineering

( V th Semester)

In the subject of

Environmental Studeis

By
Aditya V. Borle
Renuka P.Ingle
Bhushan S.Kolse
Janhvi K.Sable

Submitted To

Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai (M.S.)

Under the guidance of
Mr. M.K.Tatte
(Lecturer in Computer Engineering)
Department of Computer Engineering
Government Polytechnic Arvi, Dist. –Wardha
(2021-2022)
 Declaration
We undersigned hereby declare that the micro project report entitled “The Importance
of Recycling Of Waste Management” Contents is the outcome of our own literature
survey. We further declare that contents of this report are properly cited and well
acknowledged. This present report is not submitted to any otherexamination of this or
any other institute for the award of any diploma.

(Signature)

Place: Arvi
Date:

Government polytechnic Arvi

.
 Government Polytechnic,
Arvi.
Department of Computer Engineering

Certificate
This is to certify that students whose name mention below of Third Semester
Diploma in Computer Engineering has satisfactorily completed the micro
project entitled for “The Importance of Recycling Of Waste Management” the
academic year 2021- 2022 as prescribed in MSBTE curriculum.

Roll No. Name Enrollment No.

12 Aditya V. Borle 1901320095
15 Renuka P. Ingle 1901320098
16 Bhushan S. Kolse 1901320099
46 Janavi K. Sable 1901320314

Lect.M.K.Tatte Dr.M.A.Ali Dr.M.A.Ali

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

Place : Arvi
Date : / / 2021
 PART B – Micro-Project Report

THe Importance Of Recycling Of Waste Management

Rationale
Industrialization and urbanization is increasing day by day. As a result of this,
the generation of solid waste is a major problem all over the country within the urban as
well as rural area and it is increasing day by day. In view of this, the management of
solid waste produced is of prime need to keep the environment safe and clean.
Information on classification and characteristics of solid waste will enable to decide
appropriate technology about the collection and transportation of waste produced.
Various disposal methods of solid waste will enable to recommend suitable
method of disposal of solid waste with economy and acceptable environmental
constraints including reuse and recycle wherever applicable. Content on other types of
solid waste such as biomedical waste, construction waste, E-waste and plastic waste will
be useful in deciding appropriate method for collection, transportation and disposal of
these wastes. Thus, the knowledge of solid waste management with the concept like
recycling, recovery and reuse will lead to proper disposal with acceptability. This will
further lead to keeping the natural resources condemnation free.

Course Outcomes Addressed

• Develop public awareness about environment.
• Execute the relevant method of collection and transportation of solid
wastes.
• Conserve Ecosystem and Biodiversity.
• Apply Technique to reduce Environmental Pollution.
• Manage Social issues and Environmental Ethics as lifelong learning.
Literature Review
Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and
objects. The recovery of energy from waste materials is often included in this concept.
The recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the properties it had in
its original state. It is an alternative to "conventional" waste disposal that can save
material and help lower greenhouse gas emissions. It can also prevent the waste of
potentially useful materials and reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reducing
energy use, air pollution (from incineration) and water pollution (from landfilling)..
 Recycling, simply put is the recovery and reprocessing of waste materials into
new products. The primary phases involved in recycling are the collection of waste
materials, their sorting, and then processing or manufacturing into new products.
Examples of materials that can be recycled include iron and steel scrap, aluminum cans,
glass bottles, paper, wood, and plastics. The recycled waste materials serve as
alternatives for raw materials needed in most production industries. Recycling helps to
reduce the quantities of solid waste deposited in landfills, which have become
increasingly expensive to dispose. Recycling also reduces air, water and land pollution
caused by poor waste disposal.
Waste can be considered as a demon with multiple heads. When we try to address
one of the issues, many more complex issues arises, and it becomes a vicious circle. At
times it seems that the situation will go out of hand and we will not be able to address
issue of waste. However determined action can address the issue of waste, steps should
be taken in systematic and regular manner and those solutions should be adopted which
are sustainable as well as environment friendly.
The objectives of writing this are to study the current practices related to the
various waste management initiatives taken in India for human wellbeing. The other
purpose is to provide some suggestions and recommendations to improve the waste
management practices in Indian towns. This paper is based on secondary research.
Existing reports related to waste management and recommendations of
planners/NGOs/consultants/government accountability agencies/key industry experts/
for improving the system are studied. It offers deep knowledge about the various waste
management initiatives in India and find out the scope for improvement in the
management of waste for the welfare of the society. The paper attempts to understand
the important role played by the formal sector engaged in waste management in our
country. This work is original and could be further extended

Actucal Methodology Followed

• Understand the topic to given us.
• Discuss about the topic with group members.
• Divided the topic throughout each member of group.
• Collected information from members and verify from our mentor.
Introduction
Waste can be considered as a demon with multiple heads. When we try to address
one of the issues, many more complex issues arises, and it becomes a vicious circle. At
times it seems that the situation will go out of hand and we will not be able to address
issue of waste. However determined action can address the issue of waste, steps should
be taken in systematic and regular manner and those solutions should be adopted which
are sustainable as well as environment friendly

Waste Management
Waste management can be defined as all the activities that are required to manage
waste from the point of collecting the waste to recycling and monitoring.
Waste in waste management refers to unwanted or unusable material that is
produced through the activity of humans and can have different forms. Waste can be
liquid, solid, or gas with each having its disposal method and way of managing the
waste. Besides the state of the matter, there are also different types of waste, such as
household, biological, commercial and industrial waste. Some types of waste can form
a threat to the environment and human health, such as radioactive and chemical waste.
These types of waste are called hazardous waste. The aim of waste management is to
reduce the dangerous effects of such waste on the environment and human health. A big
part of waste management deals with municipal solid waste, which is created by
industrial, commercial, and household activity.

Classification of waste
There may be different types of waste such as Domestic waste, Factory waste,
Waste from oil factory, E-waste, Construction waste, Agricultural waste, Food
processing waste, Bio-medical waste, Nuclear waste, Slaughter house waste etc.
• Solid waste- vegetable waste, kitchen waste, household waste etc.
• E-waste- discarded electronic devices such as computer, TV, music
systems etc.
• Liquid waste- water used for different industries, tanneries, distilleries,
thermal power plants
• Plastic waste- plastic bags, bottles, bucket, etc.
• Metal waste- unused metal sheet, metal scraps etc.
• Nuclear waste- unused materials from nuclear power plants Further we
can group all these types of waste into wet waste (Biodegradable) and dry
waste (Non Biodegradable).
Wet waste (Biodegradable) includes the following:

• Kitchen waste including food waste of all kinds, cooked and uncooked, including
eggshells and bones
• Flower and fruit waste including juice peels and house-plant waste
• Garden sweeping or yard waste consisting of green/dry leaves
• Sanitary wastes
• Green waste from vegetable & fruit vendors/shops
• Waste from food & tea stalls/shops etc.
Dry waste (Non-biodegradable) includes the following:

• Paper and plastic, all kinds

• Cardboard and cartons
• Containers of all kinds excluding those containing hazardous material
• Packaging of all kinds
• Glass of all kinds
• Metals of all kinds
• Rags, rubber
• House sweeping (dust etc.)
• Ashes
• Foils, wrappings, pouches, sachets and tetra packs (rinsed)
• Discarded electronic items from offices, colonies viz. cassettes, computer
diskettes, printer cartridges and electronic parts
• Discarded clothing, furniture and equipment.
 In addition to the above wastes, another type of waste called “Domestic
Hazardous Waste” may also be generated at the household level. These include used
aerosol cans, batteries, and household kitchen and drain cleaning agents, car batteries
and car care products, cosmetic items, chemical-based insecticides/pesticides, light
bulbs, tube-lights and compact fluorescent lamps (CFL), paint, oil, lubricant and their
empty containers. Waste that is considered hazardous is first required by the EPA to
meet the legal definition of solid waste. The EPA incorporates hazardous waste into
three categories. The first category are source-specific wastes, the second category is
nonspecific wastes, and third, commercial chemical products. Generally, hazardous
waste “is waste that is dangerous or potentially harmful to our health or the environment.
Hazardous wastes can be liquids, solids, gases, or sludge. They can be discarded
commercial products, like cleaning fluids or pesticides, or the by-products of
manufacturing processes (EPA Wastes Website, 2010).
Similarly there is “Non Hazardous waste”. There are many definitions of
hazardous and non-hazardous waste within the US federal government, states and
industry groups. The Department of Defense (DOD) and The Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) define waste as “the extravagant, careless, or needless expenditure of
DOD funds or the consumption of DOD property that results from deficient practices,
systems, controls, or decisions. In addition, “abuse is the manner in which resources or
programs are managed that creates or perpetuates waste and it includes improper
practices not involving prosecutable fraud” (EPA Wastes Website, 2010).
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines solid nonhazardous waste
as “any garbage or refuse, sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, water supply
treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded material, including
solid, liquid, semi-solid, or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial,
commercial, mining, and agricultural operations, and from community activities” (EPA
Wastes Website, 2010). The definition of non-hazardous waste can also include
financial waste. In 2009 the US Presidential Executive Order, Reducing Improper
Payments and Eliminating Waste in Federal Programs was initiated to eliminate
payment error, waste, fraud and abuse in major Federal government programs due to
public zero tolerance of fraud, waste and abuse. This Executive Order is based upon a
transparent, participatory and collaborative comprehensive framework between the
government and public.
Waste Generation in India
India is experiencing population explosion and direct effect of this population
growth is rapid urbanization. The population of India is 1354 million in 2018 [4],
compared with 1028 million in 2001. Population growth is directly corelated to
increased solid waste generation.
As the population increase demand for resources increases this generates wastes as their
by products.

Growth of Urban Agglomerations in India

Trends suggest that 50 per cent of India’s population will live in the urban areas
by 2050. Large urban agglomerations face challenges of effective waste management,
with the quantities being beyond the assimilative capacity of the indigenous
infrastructure and management capacities of environmental sinks [5]. Tremendous
growth of 75.8% in number of urban agglomerations from 1901 to 2011 as shown in
figure 2. A staggering 81 per cent of the total Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in India is
generated in the Class-I cities of the country. (Swachh Bharat Mission: Solid Waste
Management Manual, 2016) This is predicted to go up from the current per capita
generation of 0.2-0.6kg (CPHEEO manual) in typical Indian cities, in the coming years.
Waste generation and characteristics Estimating the quantity and characteristics
of MSW in India and forecasting waste generation is fundamental to successful waste
management planning. The quantity of MSW generated depends on various contributing
factors like living standards, type of commercial activities and their scale, indiviual
choices of the society like eating habit, reuse and recycling etc.
 Waste generation rate depends on many factors, such as population density,
economic status, per capita income, economic development and industrial development,
cultural and individual behaviour of the society. Figure 3 provides data on MSW
generation in different states, indicating high waste generation in Maharastra (21867
tonnes per day), Tamil Nadu (14500 tonnes per day), Gujarat (10480 tonnes per day),
Karnataka (8697 tonnes per day), Delhi (8370 tonnes per day). Lowest waste generation
occurs in Arunachal Pradesh (13 tonnes per day), Lakshadweep (21 tonnes per day),
Sikkim (49 tonnes per day), Daman & Diu (85 tonnes per day).

The Importance of Waste Management to Environmental Sanitation

Waste management is important because it helps in maintaining the cleanliness

of the whole world. It needs to be practiced because the entire population’s health and
protection depend on it.
Another reason is that this is a good way to execute waste recycling management
– through recycling; wastes will be reduced and can lessen the need for landfilling. Aside
from that, recycling can also decrease the cost production and it can help in keeping
natural resources. And of course, if we practice waste management, we will be able to
conserve the natural beauty of our planet earth. There are times when landscapes are
ruined because of the carelessness of humans – hence, once we become responsible with
all our wastes and know how to manage it, we can help in preserving our nature’s beauty
today and allow the future generation to see it still.
Inadequate sanitation will lead to big problems as time passes by, that’s why it’s
imperative to practice waste management as early as now so that we will be able to
prevent drastic damage that the world might have in the future. And if you need any
kind of treatments services for your commercial or residential places, never hesitate to
contact us, Green Mountains, and we will gladly help you.

IMPORTANCE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN INDIA

We cannot think of sustainable and environmental friendly growth without
thinking of waste management services in a developing country like ours. Be it large
organizations or small businesses, comprehensive cleaning is essential for any type of
business. Hence, the role of waste management services remains integral in India.
Waste management is definitely more than merely tackling household waste.
Thus special waste management services are becoming increasingly popular these days.
With stringent business policies regarding environmental waste management, waste
management services these days are playing a crucial role in helping organizations in
fulfilling their civic responsibilities
 There are various methods of managing waste and thus waste management
services have now become as important as any other department in an organization.
Organizations are increasingly becoming conscious of their role which is not just limited
to giving timely incentives to their workforce, but also taking a step further to ensure
their healthy being. For a country like India, having a well aquipped network for waste
management is the need of the hour. Therefore, waste management services in India are
of ultimate importance.

Some of the common waste management services include :

• Door to door waste collection

• Segregation of Waste
• Composting and treatment of Organic Waste
• Supply of quality waste material to recyclers
• Disposal of disposable waste at sanitary landfill

Managing waste is a tedious task and thus the role of waste management services
come into play. Each organization has its own way of tackling waste or trash. But, waste
management services can extend a helping hand in managing the waste in more efficient
and effective manner. Some of the various techniques and practices which are extremely
important part of waste management services include :

1. PROPER MECHANISMS FOR WASTE COLLECTION

Be it school, company, factories or corporate office, proper disposal of
waste materials is important for each and every organization. Hence, each
organization can aim at providing adequate baskets, bins and barrels for
collecting waste materials to ensure good hygiene.

2. REGULAR CLEANING AND WASTE REMOVAL PRACTISES

It is important that all interior spaces of any organization ranging from
schools, commercial buildings , etc should be well maintained and properly
cleaned. It would generally include removal of sanitary and food waste, trash and
other waste materials. This would ensure a healthy working environment for
public, employees, workforce, teachers ,etc.
3. GREENER PRACTICES FOR CLEANING
Waste can be categorized into biodegradable and non biodegradable.
Furthermore, it can be sub divided into recyclable and non recyclable. Such
categorization can help to clean in a better way through safe and eco friendly
means. Green practices should thus be encouraged in organizations for health
safety of employees.
The Indian Pollution Control Association aims at providing you
professional cleaning and waste management services. We excel in providing you
the best waste management services no matter whether you own an educational
facility, office building, community center. Our team of management experts
won’t disappoint you with its excellent professional waste management services

Methods of waste disposal:

Non-biodegradable and toxic wastes like radioactive remnants can potentially
cause irreparable damage to the environment and human health if not
strategically disposed of. Waste disposal has been a matter of concern, the main
problem growth in population and industrialization. Here are a few methods of
waste disposal.

Landfills: Throwing daily waste/garbage in the landfills is the most

popularly used method of waste disposal used today. This process of waste
disposal focuses attention on burying the waste in the land.

Recycling: Recycling is the process of converting waste products into new

products to prevent energy usage and consumption of fresh raw materials.
Recycling is to reduce energy usage, reduce the volume of landfills, reduce air
and water pollution, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and preserve natural
resources for future use.

Composting: Composting is an easy and natural bio-degradation process that

takes organic wastes i.e. remains of plants and garden and kitchen waste and turns
into nutrient-rich food for your plants.

Incineration: Incineration involves the combustion of waste materials. With

this method, the waste material is heated to very high temperatures and is
converted into materials such as heat, gas, steam, and ash.
 CONCLUSION
Waste management sector has lot of potential to become a resource. Waste
management should be dealt in a holistic manner with sustainable developmemnt
approach. Since waste has been a part of informal sector historically in India, we
need to focus on informal sector and specific policies should be designed. Waste
should be managed in a decentralized approach and in- situ at production site.
This reduces quantity of waste and economic cost of handling.
Remediation practices should be focused on public awareness and
encouraging public participation. Green remediation and management practices
are the need of the hour. It will not only solve the issue of waste management but
will be the sustainable long-term solution.
User fee should be charged by governmnet according to the quality and
quantity of waste. Waste to energy and such new technologies should be adopted
in waste management. At the policy level we have many rules and regulations
currently in India; we just need stringent enforcement and punishment to
offenders. .

REFERENCES
1. Waste to Resources; A waste Management Handbook, TERI, 2014
http://cbs.teriin.org/pdf/Waste_Management_Handbook.pdf
2. Waste to Energy and Waste Management Market in India – 2018,
https://enincon.com/report/waste-to-energy-and-waste-management-market-in-
india 2018
3. Solid Waste Management Rules in India,
https://www.devalt.org/newsletter/apr18/of_4.htm
4. Sridevi P, Modi M, Lakshmi MVVC, Kesavarao L. 2012. A review on
integrated solid waste management. Int. J. Eng. Sci. Adv. Technol. 2, 1491–
1499.
5. Integrated Solid Waste Management, Mushtaq Ahemd MEMON International
Environmental Technology Centre (IETC) OSAKA – JAPAN ,ppt
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/dsd/csd/csd_pdfs/csd19/learning
centre/pr esentations/May%202%20am/1%20-%20Memon%20-
%20ISWM.pdf
 Outputs of the Micro-Project:
The proposed Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management guide can contribute
to a local MSW management plan and also be useful for the design and monitoring of
MSW management. In this guide, data concerning the municipality and the solid waste
management are imported as input parameters.

Skill Developed/ Learning outcomes of the Micro-Project:

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to: Learn basic
concepts of solid waste management, beginning from source generation to waste
disposal in a system of municipality organizational structure.

Actual Resources Used

S.No. Name of Resources/material Specifications Qty Remarks

1 Computer/laptop Core i5 -3750 3.20 1 ----

GHz 8 GB Ram 64-
bit operating system
2 Software Microsoft word --- ----

Applications of this Micro-Project

• This practice is highly lucrative
• Keeps the environment clean and fresh
• Saves the Earth and conserves energy
• Reduces environmental pollution
• Waste management will help you earn money
• Creates employment

Conclusion
This is simple project for bank management system but from this project idea we
will create a new bank management system that’s help for banking sectors.

Reduce Reuse

Recycle

Save Environment, Save Life.

**************