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ATA 47
OBIGGS

SJ100 - GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION ATA 47 ONBOARD INERTING SYSTEM

Technical Training Manual
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THIS DOCUMENT MUST BE USED FOR TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY

UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD THIS DOCUMENT BE USED AS A REFERENCE

IT WILL NOT BE UPDATED

SJ100 - GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION ATA 47 ONBOARD INERTING SYSTEM

Technical Training Manual 2
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REVISION 2.0 (Jan 2011)

ATA 47 - OnBoard Inert Gas Generating System (OBIGGS)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUBJECT PAGE

General 4
NEA Generating System 6
NEA Distribution 8
Components 10

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ONBOARD INERT GAS GENERATING SYSTEM (OBIGGS)

GENERAL OBIGGS SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

The OBIGGS provides protection against fuel tank fire and explosion
by creating inert (non flammable) conditions within the ullage (air)
space of the fuel tanks. This is achieved by using a chemically
unreactive gas (Nitrogen) to displace the oxygen in the tank ullages
such that the average oxygen concentration by volume per tank is
12% or less.
The inerting system supplies and maintains a layer of Nitrogen
Enriched Air (NEA) in each of the tanks ullage spaces. Nitrogen is
suitable for inerting since it does not support the hydrocarbon
combustion reaction, is non-reactive with the materials used in fuel
system components and equipment and can be obtained from air.
The RRJ OBIGGS is comprised of two subsystems which work
together to convert high temperature engine bleed air, derived from
the Integrated Air Management System (IAMS), to a relatively cool,
Nitrogen Enriched Air (NEA) gas stream for delivery to and
distribution within the fuel tank ullage volume.
The OBIGGS architecture consists of the NEA Generation System
and NEA Distribution System. OBIGGS supply air is tapped from the
Integrated Air Management System (IAMS) after it has been pre-
cooled.

The OBIGGS is based on a continuous flow principle. This type of

system produces NEA from conditioned engine bleed air by gas
separation and distributes it into the fuel tank ullage spaces. Engine
bleed air is cooled and filtered by the OBIGGS and sent to the Air
Separation Module (ASM). The ASM separates oxygen from the
bleed air, thus creating Nitrogen Enriched Air (NEA).

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ONBOARD INERT GAS GENERATING SYSTEM (OBIGGS)

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ONBOARD INERT GAS GENERATING SYSTEM (OBIGGS)
NEA GENERATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
The main system components of the NEA generation System are the
Electronic Control Unit (ECU) and the Air Separation Module (ASM).
The controller provides for automatic control of the OBIGGS without
pilot interaction. Primary ECU functions include:
► monitoring LRU health
► providing ASM temperature control
► switching from low to high flow during descent
► over-temperature and over-pressure protection.
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NEA GENERATION SYSTEM OPERATION
The OBIGGS remains on and in the low-flow mode during takeoff,
climb and cruise. During this time period the OBIGGS is filling the
increasing ullage space created by fuel consumption, diluting the
oxygen evolving from fuel, and driving the ullage oxygen
concentration to its lowest possible level at the end of cruise.
In cruise, the OBIGGS will enter a health monitoring interval. The
health monitoring interval is performed each flight when the OBIGGS
is fully warm and system operating parameters are stable. ASM’s
require at least 20 minutes to warm up which takes place during the
climb phase.
After cruise the airplane begins descent and the OBIGGS is switched
to the high flow mode. The high-flow mode maximizes the volume of
NEA entering the fuel tank, which curbs the amount of vent inflow.
During descent the ambient pressure continuously increases, which
causes the vent pressure to increase and outside air to enter the fuel
tanks. Increasing the NEA flow rate reduces the amount of outside air
entering the tank and also increases the NEA oxygen concentration.
The goal is to optimize the balance between the NEA oxygen
concentration, NEA flow rate, and the amount of outside air entering
the tank so that at the end of descent, the average fuel tank oxygen
concentration is near or below 12%.
ATA 47 ONBOARD INERTING SYSTEM
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AIR SEPARATION MODULE

NEA GENERATION SYSTEM

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ONBOARD INERT GAS GENERATING SYSTEM (OBIGGS)

NEA (NITROGEN ENRICHED AIR) DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

This NEA is distributed into the ullage spaces of the fuel tank through
transport tubing routed from the NEA Generation System to the
discharge points within the fuel tanks. The system is protected from
fuel ingress by individual check valves as well as a common check
valve in the main NEA supply line.

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NEA DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

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ONBOARD INERT GAS GENERATING SYSTEM (OBIGGS)

COMPONENT LOCATION
The NEA generation components are located in the RH forward
wing-to-body fairing and the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is located
in the middle avionics rack.

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ELECTRONIC
CONTROL UNIT

OBIGGS COMPONENTS

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