[ SABAH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT ] [ MATHEMATICS FORM 2 ]

60
TOPIC 5 : CIRCLES
5.1 Properties of circles
5.1.1 Recognise parts of a circle and explain the properties of a cirlce.
(a) Complete each of the following : [ OP1 / TP1 ]

3 11
2 5 9
6 7
1
4 10
8

(1) (2) (3)

(4) (5) (6)

(7) (8) (9)

(10) (11)

5.1.2 Constructing a cirlce and parts of the circle based on the conditions given.
(b) Construct each of the following : [ OP4 / TP2 ]

(1) Construct a circle with centre O and radius (2) Construct a circle with centre O and diameter
3.1 cm. 5.4 cm.

O O

(3) The diagram shows a circle with centre O. Draw (4) The diagram shows a point A on the
the diameter that passes through the point A. circumference of a circle with centre O. Draw a
chord of length 2.5 cm that passes through point A.

O O

A
A
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(5) The diagram shows a circle with centre O. Draw (6) The diagram shows a circle with centre O.
a sector with an angle of 80 at its centre. Construct a sector with an angle of 135 at the
centre of a circle with a radius of 2 cm.

O
O

5.2 Symmetry and chords

5.2.1 Verify and explain features in a circle.
(c) Complete the following : [ OP1 / TP1, TP2 ]

P R
R P PQR =
Q Q
PQ =
O O OQ =
U ST = S T
S T PQ = = =
U

MIND think :

• is the axis of symmetry of the cirlce.

• a radius that is to a chord divides the chord into two equal parts.
.
• perpendicular bisectors of two chords intersect at the of the circle.

• chords of the same length cut arcs of the length.

• two chords that are equal in length are equidistant from the of the cirlce.

5.2.2 Determine the centre and radius of a circle by geometrical construction.

(d) Solve the following : [ OP4 / TP3, TP4 ]
(6) The diagram shows a circle. Determine the centre of the circle by construction. Hence, state the length of its
radius.

length of radius = cm
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5.2.3 Solve problems involving symmetrical properties of chords.

(e) Solve each of the following : [ OP6 / TP4 ]
(1) In the diagram, O is the centre of the circle. (2) The diagram shows a circle with centre O.
MXOYN, PXQ and SYR are straight lines. KOPQ, ONL and RPM are straight lines.
OPMN is a rectangle.
P
K
M
X S
Y N
O O L
N
Q P
R R M
Q
Given OM = 15 cm, SR = 18 cm and XY = 21 Given OP = 15 cm and MR = 16 cm. Calculate
cm. Calculate the length, in cm, of, PQ. (24) the length, in cm, of NL. (9)

(3) The diagram shows a circle with centre O and (5) The diagram shows a round-shaped window
radius 13 cm. The lengths of arc AC and DF frame.
are equal. K
D
A O
N
L J
E
B O
M
C F Four iron rods, JON, NL, KN and NM are
used to support the window. Given JON = 32
Given that OB = 5 cm. Find the length of chord cm and NL = 18 cm, calculate the length, in
DF, in cm. (24) cm, of KM. (48)

(5) The diagram shows three congruent circles with (6) The diagram shows the cross section of a pipe
centres L, M and R respectively. with a radius of 13 cm. The water level in the
P pipe drops from KL to MN.

K L
K L M R
M N
Q
Given that PQ = 24 cm and KL = 5 cm, Given that KL = MN = 10 cm, find the drop in
calculate the length, in cm, of KR. (31) the water level, in cm. (24)

MIND think :

• c =
c
a • a =
Pythagoras Numbers
b • b =
a b c a b C a b c a b c a b c
3 4 5 12 7 24 8 15 9 40
8 10 24 26 48 50 30 34
9 15
16 20 20 21
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5.3 Circumference and Area of a Circle

5.3.1 Determine the relationship between circumference and diameter of a circle, and hence define 
and derive the circumference formula.
(f) Solve each of the following : [ OP1 / TP2 ]

(1) Measure the diameter for each of the following circle. Hence, determine the circumference by using “The
Geometer’s Sketchpad” and complete the table.

Diameter (cm)

Circumference (cm)

Circumference
Diameter

Circumference
 Conclusion : = =
diameter
.
(2) Complete the following :

• circumference, P = 
d
P =  
r

•  = =
Circumference → Perimeter of circle

(3) Complete the following :

A • length of arc AB =  
r


B
=   

MIND think :

• diameter = 2 
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5.3.2 Derive the formula for the area of a circle.

(g) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP2 ]

(1) Complete the following :

1 
15 16 2
14 3
13 4
r
12 5 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15
11 6
10 7
9 8 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

• area of cirlce =  

.
(2) Complete the following :

d • area of a circle → the area within the of a circle.

r • area of circle = 

(3) Complete the following :

A
r
O  • area of sector OAB =  

5.3.3 Determine the circumference, area of a circle, length of arc, area of a sector and other related
measurement.
5.3.3.1 find the circumference of a circle, given its : diameter, radius.
(h) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3 ]

(1) Given that the radius of a circle is 21 cm. (2) Given that the diameter of a circle is 28 cm.
Calculate the circumference, in cm, of the Calculate the circumference, in cm, of the
22 22
circle. [ Use  = ] (132) circle. [use  = ] (88)
7 7

5.3.3.2 find the : diameter, radius, given the circumference of a circle.

(i) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3 ]
(1) The circumference of a circle is 88 cm. Find its (2) Calculate the diameter, in cm, of a circle with a
22 circumference of 47.13 cm.
radius, in cm. [use  = ] (14) [ Use  = 3.142 ] (15)
7
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5.3.3.3 find the length of arc given the angle at the centre and the radius.
(j) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3 ]

(1) The diagram shows a circle with centre O (2) The diagram shows a circle with centre O
and radius 42 cm. and diameter 7 cm.

A P
30 O
B Q
O
216

Calculate the minor arc, in cm, Cari panjang, dalam cm, lengkok minor PQ.
of AB. (Use = 22 ) (22) ( Use  = 22
7
) (8 54 )
7

(3) The diagram shows a circle with centre O and radius 35 cm.

216
S
O
R

Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the minor sector ROS. (Use  = 22

7
) (158)

(k) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3, TP4 ]

(4) The diagram shows a circle with centre O and (5) The diagram shows a circle with centre O.
circumference 120 cm.
X
O
O Y
Q
240
108

P
Given the length of major arc XY is 58.67 cm,
Find the length, in cm, of the major arc find the length, in cm, of the minor arc
PQ. (84) XY. (29.335)

MIND think :

• the length of arc of a circle is to the size of the angle at the centre.
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5.3.3.4 find the angle at the centre given the length of the arc and the radius of a circle / find the
length of radius of a circle given the length of the arc and the angle at the centre.
(l) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3 ]

(1) The diagram shows a circle with centre O. (2) The diagram shows a circle with centre O.

P P
14 cm
O 84
O x 22 cm
Q

Q
Given the length of the minor arc PQ is
17.6 cm. Find the radius, in cm, of the
Find the value of x. (Use  = 22 ) (90)
7 circle. (Use  = 22
7
) (12)

5.3.3.5 find the area of a circle, given the : radius, diameter.

(m) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3 ]

(1) Given that the radius of a circle is 49 cm. (2) Given that the diameter of a circle is 36.4 cm.
Calculate the area, in cm2, of the Calculate the area, in cm2, of the
22 22
circle. [use  = ] (7546) circle. [use  = ] (1041.04)
7 7

.3.3.6 find the : radius, diameter, given the area of a circle.

(n) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3 ]

(1) The area of a circle is 154 cm2. Find its radius, (2) The area of a circle is 616 cm2. Find its
22 22
in cm. [use  = ] (7) diameter, in cm. [use  = ] (28)
7 7

5.3.3.7 find the area of a circle given the circumference and vice versa.
(o) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP4 ]

22
(1) The area of a circle is 346.5 cm2. Find its circumference, in cm. [use  = ] (66)
7
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(2) The circumference of a circle is 264 cm. (3) The circumference of a circle is 31.42 cm.
Calculate the area, in cm2, of the Calculate the area, in cm2, of the
22 circle. [use  = 3.142] (78.55)
circle. [use  = ] (5544)
7

5.3.3.8 find the area of a sector given the radius and angle at the centre.
(p) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3 ]

(1) In the diagram, O is the centre of the circle with (2) The diagram shows two sectors, QRS and UST,
radius 28 cm. with common centre S. QST and RSU are
straight lines.
U
225
42 cm
S Q
O
60
R S
R T
Find the area,in cm2, of the minor sector
22 Given ST = 2QS, calculate the area, in cm2, the
ROS. (Use  = ) (924)
7 22
sector of QRS. (Use  = ) (231)
7

(3) In the diagram, PQRS is a square and PQTS is a (4) The diagram shows a semicircles with centre O
quadrant of a circle with centre P. and radius 18 cm.

S R
T
14 cm 60

P Q

Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded region. Calculate the area, in terms of  cm2, of the
22 shaded region. (108)
[ Use  = ] (77)
7
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(q) Solve the following : [ OP3 / TP3, TP4 ]

(1) The diagram shows a circle with centre O.

A

O 72
B

Given that the area of the circle is 154 cm 2, find the area, in cm2, of the minor sector OAB. (30.8)

MIND think :

• the area of a sector of a circle is to the size of the angle at the centre.

5.3.3.9 find the angle at the centre given the radius and area of a sector / find the radius given
the area of a sector and the angle at the centre.
(r) Solve each of the following : [ OP3 / TP3 ]
(1) The diagram shows a circle with centre O. (2) The diagram shows a circle with centre O and
radius 35 cm.
P
O
x O
80 Q

Given that the area of shaded region is Given that the area of minor sector POQ is
198 cm2. Calculate the radius, in cm, of the 154 cm2. Using  = 22 , find the value
7
circle. (Use  = 22
7
) (9)
of x. (345.6)

5.3.4 Solve problems involving.

5.3.4.1 solve problems involving circumference of circles
(s) Solve each of the following : [ OP6 / TP4, TP5 ]

(1) The radius of the wheel of a car is 35 cm. (2) A length of wire is 440 cm long. If it it used to
Calculate the distance, km, travelled by the car bent 8 circles, find the radius, in cm, of the
when its wheels make 80 complete turns. 22
circle. [use  = ] (
35 )
22 7 4
[ Use  = ] (0.176)
7
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5.3.4.2 solve problems involving arcs of a circle.

(t) Solve each of the following : [ OP6 / TP4, TP5 ]
(1) The diagram shows a circle with centre O. (2) The diagram shows a square ABCD and two
identical quadrants.
A R B
O N
S T
9 cm

M D 14 cm C
Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded
region. (Use  = 3.14) (60.39) region. (Use  = 227
) (50)

(3) In the diagram, PQR is an equilateral triangle. (4) In the diagram, PQ is an arc of a circle with
PSQ is an arc of a circle with the centre R and centre O and OQR is an equilateral triangle.
radius 7 cm. POR is a straight line.
S Q
P Q

R P O R
Given the length of the arc PQ is 44 cm.
Find the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded Find the perimeter, in cm, of the whole
region. (use  = 22 ) (50 23 ) diagram. (use  = 22
7
) (107)
7

5.3.4.3 solve problems involving area of circles.

(u) Solve each of the following : [ OP6 / TP4, TP5 ]
(1) The diagram consists of twi circles. O is the (2) The diagram above shows two identical circles in
centre of the bigger circle with diameter of 28 a rectangle ABCD.
cm. The smaller circle passes through O and
touches the circumference of the bigger circle. A B

14 cm
O
D C

Find the area, in cm2, of the shaded Find the area, in cm2, of the shaded
22 22
region. [use  = ] (462) region. [use  = ] (84)
7 7
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5.3.4.4 solve problems involving area of sector and area of circles.

(v) Solve each of the following : [ OP6 / TP4, TP5 ]

(1) In the diagram, POR is the diameter of circle PQR.

O
P R

Given that PQ = QR and PR = 14 cm. Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded
22
region. (Use  = ) (105)
7

(2) The diagram shows a circle inside the right-angled triangle.

P
7 cm

18 cm
O
Q 22 cm R

Given that the radius of the circle is 7 cm, PQ = 18 cm and QR = 22 cm. Find the area, in cm2, of the
22
shaded region. (Use  = ) (44)
7

(3) The diagram shows two semicircles of equal size which touch each other. They also touch the sides ot the
rectangle, PQRS.

P Q

S R
56 cm

22
Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded region. (Use  = ) (168)
7

(4) In the diagram, PQR is a straight line and PQS is a quadrant of a circle with centre Q.

P Q 6 cm R

The area of triangle QRS is 21 cm2. Calculate the area, in cm2, of quadrant PQS
22
itu. (Usekan  = ) (38.5)
7
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PT3 questions @ HOTS

(1) In the diagram, OPQ is an equilateral triangle and RST is an arc of a circle, centre O.

S O Q
R

It is given that OR = RQ = 21 cm. Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the whole diagram.
[ Use  = 22 7
] (Ans : 194)
[3 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S ] - [ 2011 / PMR / 37P1 ]

(2) The diagram shows a square OPQR and an arc RSP with centre O.

S
O
P
7 cm

Q R
Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the whole diagram. [ Use  = 22
7
] (Ans : 47)
[3 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S ] - [ 2007 / PMR / 31P1 ]

(3) The diagram below shows a piece of rectangular land PQRS with length 40 m and width 28 m. A
quadrant QUV is allocated to build a swimming pool. A triangle PWS is proposed for the “Rumput
Mutiara” project.
S 40 m P
9m
W
U

R V Q

Calculate the perimeter, in m, of the region which has not been planned for any project.
(Use  = 22 7
) (Ans : 122)
[3 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S, T ] - [ 2014 / SET1 / 4(c) ]

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(4) The diagram shows a sector POR with centre O and the length of arc PQ is 11cm.
Q

45
O P

Calculate the radius, in cm, of sector POR. (Use  = 22

7
) (Ans : 14)
[2 marks]
Answer :

[ OP3 / S ] - [2016 / SET2 / 4(c)(ii) ]

(5) Diagram (a) is a circle with centre O and a radius of 14 cm. Diagram (b) is a sector of a circle with centre P
and a radius of 70 cm.
Q
14 cm
R
O
x
P S
(a) (b)
It is given that the circumference of the circle in Diagram (a) is equal to the length of arc QRS in
Diagram (b). Calculate the value of x. (Use  = 227
) (Ans : 72)
[3 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S, T ] - [ Forecast ]
(6) The diagram shows a sector, OPQR with centre O and radius 7 cm.
Q

7 cm
P R

Calculate : (Use  = 22
7
)

(a) the length, in cm, of arc PQR, (Ans : 33) [2 marks]

(b) the area, in cm2, of the shaded region. (Ans : 115.5) [2 marks]

Answer :

(a) (b)

[ OP3 / S ] - [2016 / SET1 / 4(c)(ii) & 2016 / SET3 / 4(c)(ii) ]

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(7) The diagram shows a square PQRS. PQR is a quarter of a circle with centre Q and radius 7 cm.

P Q

S R

Calculate the area, in cm2, of shaded region. (Use  = 22

7
) (Ans : 10 12 )
[3 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S ] - [ 2014 / CTH KPM / 4(b) ]

(8) Diagram (a) shows a cone with slant height 25 cm. The cone is divided in two equal parts. One part is as
shown in diagram (b)

25 cm

(a) (b)

The area of the shaded region in diagram (b) is 77 cm2. Calculate the height, in cm, of the
cone. (Use  = 227
) (Ans : 24)
[3 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S, T ] - [ 2005 / PMR /19P1 ]

(9) The diagram shows a rectangular garden. Two quadrants of the same size are planted with flowering plants.
The remaining area is covered with bricks.

7m
20 m

24 m

Calculate the area covered with bricks. (Use  = 22

7
) (Ans : 403)
[3 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S ] - [ 2014 / CTH KPM / 4(c) ]

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(10) Diagram (a) is a square of length 11cm. Diagram (b) is a circle which is made from the wire. The length of
the wire is equal to the perimeter of the square in in diagram (a).

(a) (b)

Find the area, in cm2, of the circle, ( Use  = 22

7
) (Ans : 154)
[3 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S ] - [ Forecast ]
(11) In the diagram, the shaded region shows the region covered by the movement of the rear windscreen wiper of
a van.
125 cm

60 cm

It is given that the length of the arc formed by the movement of the tip of the wiper is 115.5 cm. The angle
22
subtended at the centre of the sector is 135. Using  = , calculate the area, in cm2, of the rear
7
windscreen not covered by the movement of the wiper. (Ans : 4670.25)
[6 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S, T ] - [ Jun 2016 / SPM / 10 ]

(12) In the diagram below, PMQL is a sector of a circle with centre P and OPRQ is a semi circle with
centre O.

R Q
O
M
P
L
1 22
Given that MP = 14 cm and the area of the shaded region is 282 . Use  = , calculate the perimeter,
3 7
in cm, of the shaded region. (Ans : 115 13 )
[6 marks]
Answer :

[ OP6 / S, T ] - [ Forecast ]
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(13) Amir will placed a ball on top of a pillar in the diagram below. The table shows the diameters of three balls,
A, B and C.

16 cm
Ball
4 cm

Pillar

Ball Diameter (cm)

A 18
B 20
C 22

Which ball A, B and C, can fit perfectly on top of the pillar ? Show the calculation to support Amir’s
choice. [4 marks]

Answer :

[ OP6 / S, T ; OP5 / S, T ] - [ 2015 / SET1 / 4(b) ]

(14) The Town Council plans to build an equilateral triangle platform in the middle of a roundabout. The diameter
of the circle PQR is 24 m and the perpendicular distance from P to the line QR is 18 m, as shown in the
diagram.

P Q

R
24 m

Find the perimeter of the platform. (Ans : 62.34) [4 marks]

Answer :

[ OP6 / S ] - [ 2015 / SET3 / 4(b) ]