NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

SEMESTER 2, 2012/2013

MA1521 Calculus for Computing Homework Assignment 3

N OTE: Please write your name, matriculation card number and tutorial group number
on the answer script, and submit during the lecture on 18th April (Thursday). The
assignment carries a total of 65 marks, and the final mark is capped at 60.∗

1. Using the first derivative test, find the critical points; and using the second deriva-
tive test, classify if f attains a local maximums, local minimums, or saddle points.
(a) f ( x, y) = x3 + y3 − 3xy. [3]
50 20
(b) f ( x, y) = xy + + . [3]
x y

2. Use the method of Lagrange multipliers to find the extreme values of the function
subject to the constraints. You do N OT need to verify whether they are the maxi-
mums or minimums.
(a) f ( x, y, z) = x − 2y + 2z; x2 + y2 + z2 = 1. [3]

(b) f ( x, y, z) = xy + yz + zx; x + 2y + 3z = 1. [3]

3. Suppose x units of labor and y units of capital are required to produce [4]

f ( x, y) = 100x3/4 y1/4

units of a certain product. If each unit of labor costs $200 and each unit of capital
costs $300 and a total of §60, 000 is available for production, determine how many
units of labor and how many units of capital should be used to maximize produc-
tion.

4. Prove that among all triangles with a fixed perimeter p, the equilateral one has the
largest area. [Please turn over for hint.] [4]
[Hint: You may use Heron’s formula for the area of triangle
q
A = s(s − x )(s − y)(s − z),
∗
The final mark for late submission by 22nd April (Monday) will be capped at 50. No late submission
is acceptable thereafter.
1
 MA1521 CALCULUS FOR COMPUTING HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 3 2

where s = p/2 and x, y, z are the lengths of the sides.]

5. Find the following integrals.

Z
(a) (sin−1 x )2 dx. [3]

x3
Z
(b) √ dx. [3]
1 − x2

x3 + 3
Z
(c) dx. [3]
( x + 1)( x2 + 1)
1
Z
(d) dx, −π < x < π. [3]
2 − cos x
[Hint: For (a), use trigonometric substitution and integral by parts; for (b), use
trigonometric substitution; for (c), convert to partial fraction form; for (d), use uni-
versal trigonometric substitution.]
Z 1
6. Let I (m, n) = x m (ln x )n dx, where m and n are nonnegative integers. [5]
0
n
(i) Prove that I (m, n) = − I (m, n − 1) for all m ≥ 0 and n ≥ 1.
m+1
(ii) Using the result in (i), show that [2]

(−1)n n!
Z 1
x m (ln x )n dx = .
0 ( m + 1) n +1

7. Integral test. Let f be function that is positive, continuous and decreasing on R + .

Define an = f (n) for n ∈ Z + . It is given that
Z ∞ ∞
(a) If
1
f ( x ) dx = ∞, then ∑ an is divergent.
n =1
Z ∞ ∞
(b) If
1
f ( x ) dx < ∞, then ∑ an is convergent.
n =1
By considering the function f ( x ) = 1/x p and using the integral test, prove that
∞
1
(a) ∑ np
is convergent if p > 1. [3]
n =1

∞
1
(b) ∑ n p is divergent if 0 < p ≤ 1. [3]
n =1
[Hint: For (b), consider two cases (i) 0 < p < 1 and (ii) p = 1.]

8. Consider the region enclosed by the graph of y2 = x (1 − x )2 , as shown below. [6]

(a) Find the volume of the solid generated by rotating the region about the x-axis.
 MA1521 CALCULUS FOR COMPUTING HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 3 3

(b) Find the volume of the solid generated by rotating the region about the y-axis.
y
y2 = x (1 − x )2

O x

[Hint: Use washer/disk method for (a) and cylindrical shell method for (b).]

9. Find the arc length of the following curves.

1 2 1
(a) y = x − ln x, 1 ≤ x ≤ e. [3]
4 2
(b) x2/3 + y2/3 = 1. [3]
[Hint: For (b), the total arc length is four times the part in the first quadrant.]

10. Find the area of the surface obtained by revolving the given curve about the x-axis.
(a) y = x3 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. [4]

(b) x2 + (y − 2)2 = 1. [4]

[Hint: For (b), the equation can be split into two functions y1 = f 1 ( x ) and y2 =
f 2 ( x ). Find the areas of the surfaces by rotating y1 and y2 respectively.]