Status: November 25, 2020 WS 2020/2021

Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik

Fakultät für Maschinenbau
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Ulrich Maas

Tutorial in Technical Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer I

Exercise sheet 4

Exercise 4.1 (Ba10)

a) How much does the temperature of an airflow change when it is accelerated in a heat
insulated, horizontal nozzle from velocity c1 = 10 m/s to c2 = 90 m/s?
b) How much heat has to be transferred per gram of air to an airflow which is accelerated at
constant temperature in a horizontal nozzle from velocity c1 = 10 m/s to c2 = 90 m/s?

Assume that air is a perfect gas with

cp = 1,0 J · g−1 · K−1

Hint: The nozzle flow can be assumed as frictionless and stationary, and the nozzle delivers no
work.

Result
a) ∆T = −4 K
b) q = 4 J/g

Exercise 4.2 (Ba03)

Air is slowed down in a horizontal diffuser. It enters the diffuser with a speed of c1 = 50 m · s−1
and leaves the diffuser with a speed of c2 = 10 m · s−1 . The inlet temperature of the air is
T1 = 300 K and the pressure is p1 = 1 bar. Assume that the change of state of the air in die
diffuser is isothermal.

a) How much heat per gram air is transferred to the airflow?

b) Calculate the outlet pressure p2 .
c) How would the result change qualitatively (compared to the isothermal case) if the diffuser
is thermally insulated but c1 and c2 remain the same? Illustrate your explanation with a
p,v-diagram.
Note that the change of state in a heat insulated diffuser can be assumed as following:
p · v k = const., with k > 1.

Assume that the air is a perfect gas:

R = 0.29 J · K−1 · g−1 and cp = 1.0 J · K−1 · g−1

Frictional forces should not be considered. The diffuser flow can be assumed as stationary.
Hint: A diffusor delivers no work.
Result
a) q = −1.2 J · g−1

b) p2 = 1.014 bar