TUTORIAL DC-DC CONVERTER SEM II 2016/2017

TUTORIAL EET307: DC-DC CONVERTER

1. The buck converter has Vs=30V, Vo=20V and a switching frequency of 40kHz. The
output power is 25W. Determine the size of the inductor such that the minimum
inductor current is 25 percent of the average inductor current.
(Answer: IL =1.25A, IL(min) = 0.31A, L= 89µH)

2. A buck converter has an input voltage that varies between 50 and 60V and a load that
varies between 75 to 125W. The output voltage is 20V. For a switching frequency of
100kHz, determine the minimum inductance to provide for continuous current for
every possible operating conditions.

Answer: Based on equation Lmin 

1  D  R
2 f sw
Vo = 20V
D1=0.4, Po=75W D1=0.4, Po=175W D2=0.33, Po=75W D2=0.33, Po=175W
R1 = 5.33Ω R2 = 3.2Ω R1 = 5.33Ω R2 = 3.2Ω

Lmin 
1  D1  R1
Lmin 
1  D1  R2
Lmin 
1  D2  R1
Lmin 
1  D2  R2
2 f sw 2 f sw 2 f sw 2 f sw
15.99µH 9.6µH 17.86µH 10.72µH
From these four values of Lmin, only one value need to be selected since there is
only one inductor connected in the circuit. The selection of value need to ensure that
for every operating condition, the converter is operated in CCM. Thus, 17.86µH is
selected as the minimum inductance for this buck converter.

3. Consider a buck converter with the following parameters: Vs= 8V, Ro=18Ω,
Po=100W, L=0.4mH and fsw=150kHz.
(a) Determine the mode of operation
(b) Determine the range of Ro for the converter to remain in CCM.
Answer:
(a) D=0.53, Lmin = 28.21µH. Given L=0.4mH > Lmin=28.21, thus converter is in
CCM.

1
TUTORIAL DC-DC CONVERTER SEM II 2016/2017

(b) Set IL(min) = 0

 1 1  D  T 
I L (min)     DVs  0
R 2L 
 1 1  0.53 6.67  
0  
R 2(0.4m) 
R  255.2
Range of R :
R  255.2 CCM
R  255.2 boundary
R  255.2 DCM

4. Consider a buck-boost converter with the following parameters:

Vo=12V, Po=25W, Vs=24V, fsw=100kHz and ∆Vo/Vo=1%. Design the converter so it
operates in CCM.

Answer: D=0.33, Lmin =12.93µH, L= 16.16µH, IL= 3.125A, IL(max) = 5.575A,

IL(min) = 0.675A, C= 57.29µF.

5. Design a buck converter with the following specifications:

Vo
 0.5% , Vs  20V , Po  12W , f sw  30kHz and D  0.5 .
Vo
State ALL assumptions that you made.

Answer: Vo=10V, R =8.33Ω, L= 86.77µH, IL= 1.2A, IL(max) = 2.16A,

IL(min) = 0.24A, C= 16µF.

6. A buck converter has an input of 6V and an output of 1.5V. The load resistor is 3Ω,
the switching frequency is 400kHz, L=5µH and C=10µF. Determine:
(a) the duty ratio
(b) average and peak inductor currents
(c) average source current
(d) average diode current

Answer: D=0.25, IL= 0.5A, IL(max) = 0.781A, IS = 0.125A, ID = IO – IS =0.375A

2
TUTORIAL DC-DC CONVERTER SEM II 2016/2017

7. Design a buck-boost converter that produces a -15V output from a source that varies
from 12V to 18V. The load resistor is 15Ω and switching frequency is 100kHz.
Answer:
Vo =15V, Vs = 12V Vo=15V, Vs = 18V
D 0.556 0.455
Lmin 14.79µH 22.3 µH
L 18.48 µH 28 µH
C 37 µF 30.33 µF
From table, select L=28µH and C=37µF to be used in designing a buck-boost
converter. These values will ensure converter always operated in CCM and able to
produce a continuous output current for every possible operating conditions.

8. A boost converter has an output voltage (Vo) of 12 V and supply a load current (Io) of
1.5 A. The input voltage (Vs) is varying from 5 V to 8 V. A control circuit is used to
adjust the duty cycle accordingly to keep the output voltage remains constant. By
selecting a switching frequency (fsw) of 500 kHz, determine the value of inductor (L)
given that the variation in inductor current (∆iL) is no more than 40 percent of the
average inductor current (IL). Determine the maximum and minimum inductor
currents (IL(max) and IL(min) ) and the value of capacitor (C) such that the output voltage
ripple ( vvoo ) is no more than 1.5 percent. Give justification on your selected value of
an inductor and a capacitor for an optimum performance of a boost converter.

Answer:
For Vs=5V
D  0.58
I L  3.6 A
iL  0.4(3.6)  1.44 A
L  4.028 H
I L (max)  4.32 A
I L (min)  2.88 A
C  9.67  F
For Vs=8V
D  0.33
I L  2.25 A
iL  0.4(2.25)  0.9 A
L  5.87  H
I L (max)  2.7 A
I L (min)  1.8 A
C  5.5 F