Dept.

of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Power Electronics Course

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Revna ACAR VURAL

HOMEWORK 2
Switching Mode DC-DC Converter Design
Due Date: 05-06-2022 23:59

Student Name: Enes BOZ

Student Number: 18014077
 Circuit Design Considerations

Student number last digit: 0 --> 12V/5V Conversion, f=25 kHz, L=100 µH

Student number last digit: 1 --> 20V/15V Conversion, f=15 kHz, L=150 µH

Student number last digit: 2 --> 10V/18V Conversion, f=10 kHz, L=180µH

Student number last digit: 3 --> 12V/20V Conversion, f=20 kHz, L=200 µH

Student number last digit: 4 --> 10V/6V Conversion, f=10 kHz, L=120 µH

Student number last digit: 5 --> 18V/10V Conversion, f=25 kHz, L=100 µH

Student number last digit: 6 --> 5V/12V Conversion, f=15 kHz, L=150 µH

Student number last digit: 7 --> 15V/20V Conversion, f=10 kHz, L=180µH

Student number last digit: 8 --> 9V/3V Conversion, f=25 kHz, L=200 µH

Student number last digit: 9 --> 12V/15V Conversion, f=20 kHz, L=200 µH
 Student number last digit: 7 --> 15V/20V Conversion, f=10 kHz, L=180µH

1) Draw the appropriate circuit schematic. Determine the duty cycle and the period of the switching
signal.
L1
Diode

180uH

Vs
15v
S1

+ +
V1 = 0 V2 - -
V2 = 5 C1 RL
TD =
TR = 1n S
TF = 1n VON = 0.7v
PW = 25u VOFF = 0.4v
PER = 100u
R2
1000k

𝑽𝒐−𝑽𝒔 𝟐𝟎−𝟏𝟓
D= = = 0.25
𝑽𝒐 𝟐𝟎
f = 10kHz and T = 100us

2) The ripple voltage allowed at the output should not exceed 1% of the output DC voltage value.
Calculate the required capacitor value.

𝑫∗(𝟏−𝑫)𝟐 ∗𝑹
Lmin=  R = 25.6 Ohm
𝟐∗𝒇
𝑽𝒔 𝑽𝒐𝟐
IL= =
(𝟏−𝑫)𝟐 ∗𝑹 𝑽𝒔∗𝑹
 IL = 1.04 A
𝐕𝐬∗𝐈𝐋 𝟏𝟓∗𝟏.𝟎𝟒
IO= = =0.78 A
𝑽𝒐 𝟐𝟎
 𝑫 𝟎.𝟐𝟓
C1 ≥ 𝑹∗𝑽𝒓𝒊𝒑𝒑𝒍𝒆∗𝒇 =𝟐𝟓.𝟔∗𝟎.𝟎𝟏∗𝟏𝟎∗𝟏𝟎𝟑=97.6uF

3) Calculate the peak-to-peak ripple current of the inductor.

𝑽𝒔∗𝑫 𝟏𝟓∗𝟎.𝟐𝟓
ΔiL = 𝒇∗𝑳 =𝟏𝟎∗𝟏𝟎𝟑∗𝟏𝟖𝟎∗𝟏𝟎−𝟔=2.08 A

4) Determine the load resistor by calculating the output current assuming that efficiency 100%.

𝑽𝒔 𝑽𝒔∗𝑫 𝟐∗𝑳∗𝒇
(𝟏−𝑫)𝟐 ∗𝑹
= 𝟐∗𝑳∗𝒇  R = 𝑫∗(𝟏−𝑫)𝟐  R=25.6

Vo/R= Io  20/25.6=0.78 A

𝑽𝒐∗𝑰𝒐 𝟐𝟎∗𝟎.𝟕𝟖
Vo*Io = Vs*Is  IL=IS= = = 1.04 A
𝑽𝒔 𝟏𝟓
5) Simulate the circuit with the SPICE simulator by rounding the discrete element values you obtained
to the closest value in accordance with the E12 series for continuous conduction mode.

SPICE models for the ideal switch and diode:

.MODEL SMOD VSWITCH (ROFF=1G RON=0.001 VOFF=0.4V VON=0.7V)
.MODEL DMOD D (N=0.001)

NETLİST CODE:
*guc_elektronigi_enes_boz_18014077

Vin 1 0 15
Vpulse 5 6 PULSE(0 5 0 1n 1n 25u 100u)
C1 3 0 97.6uF
R2 6 0 1000k
D1 2 3 DMOD
RL 3 0 25.6
L1 1 2 180uH
 S1 2 0 5 6 SMOD
.MODEL SMOD VSWITCH (ROFF=1G RON=0.001 VOFF=0.4V VON=0.7V)
.MODEL DMOD D (N=0.001)
.PROBE
.TRAN 1us 10ms 0.1ms
.END
6) For 30+ periods, plot the graphs below and mark the critical points on the graphs.
V(1) = Green = input
V(3) = Blue = output

 Change of input and output voltages over time

 Change of switching voltage over time

 Change of inductor current over time

For C1=97.6uF
 For C1=500uF

 Change of capacitor voltage over time

 Change of capacitor current over time

 Change of diode current over time

7) Compare the current and voltage values obtained from the simulation results with the ideal results.
How is efficiency affected when the design is made with standard industrial manufacturing series?
If we examine the difference between the current and voltage values in the ideal results, the current
and voltage values in the simulation results, we see that they are not very similar to each other. Ideally,
the calculations we examine may not yield the same results in practice. Naturally, efficiency drops. As
a result of necessary corrections, the values can be approximated to each other. By taking into account
the errors and losses that may occur or occur in practice, values close to ideal can be obtained with
studies.

8) What are the industrial application areas of the voltage conversion (or near voltage values) in the
circuit you designed? Do a brief research and explain your findings comprehensively.

This circuit that we designed, namely the boost converter circuit, is used to provide a higher voltage
value to the value to the output voltage value from the input. But the current value at the input is
higher than the current value at the output.

Boost converter circuits are used in many fields. Battery systems are usually connected in series to
obtain higher voltage. In such systems, Boost converters increase the voltage and decrease the
number of cells. They can also be used in hybrid electric vehicles, batteries and lighting systems.

About the component definitions and supply voltage generation in SPICE

http://bwrcs.eecs.berkeley.edu/Classes/IcBook/SPICE/